Nestor Brandão Neto, Breno Ricardo de Araújo Leite, Francisco Cristovão Lourenço de Melo
Public Science and Technology Institutions (STIs) need to assume and consolidate a proactive role in innovation management to transform knowledge advances into appropriate results for the industrial base. It is required a strategic managerial action aimed at sustaining the sector’s ecosystem and guided by the principle of entrepreneurship. Considering the context of STIs in an integrated approach to the technological innovation process, two questions were raised: How to guarantee an architecture and organizational governance that favor entrepreneurial behavior by linking it to the technological innovation strategy in the ecosystem, and how to expand and promote interactions among ecosystem agents, ensuring an environment leading to innovation and the dissemination of the knowledge generated. The proposed managerial model can be applied in any national or international technology-based innovation ecosystem keeping the characteristics of the business environment. The authors used extensive literature research and direct observation to develop ideas and link them to this management practice. The result was a strategic innovation management model for technology-based STIs. It has management instruments that enhance the proactive performance of ecosystem agents and helps them transfer and absorb the developed technologies.
{"title":"Model for Strategic Management of Technological Innovation in Science and Technology Institutions in the Brazilian Aerospace Sector: A Proposal","authors":"Nestor Brandão Neto, Breno Ricardo de Araújo Leite, Francisco Cristovão Lourenço de Melo","doi":"10.1590/jatm.v15.1313","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1590/jatm.v15.1313","url":null,"abstract":"Public Science and Technology Institutions (STIs) need to assume and consolidate a proactive role in innovation management to transform knowledge advances into appropriate results for the industrial base. It is required a strategic managerial action aimed at sustaining the sector’s ecosystem and guided by the principle of entrepreneurship. Considering the context of STIs in an integrated approach to the technological innovation process, two questions were raised: How to guarantee an architecture and organizational governance that favor entrepreneurial behavior by linking it to the technological innovation strategy in the ecosystem, and how to expand and promote interactions among ecosystem agents, ensuring an environment leading to innovation and the dissemination of the knowledge generated. The proposed managerial model can be applied in any national or international technology-based innovation ecosystem keeping the characteristics of the business environment. The authors used extensive literature research and direct observation to develop ideas and link them to this management practice. The result was a strategic innovation management model for technology-based STIs. It has management instruments that enhance the proactive performance of ecosystem agents and helps them transfer and absorb the developed technologies.","PeriodicalId":14872,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Aerospace Technology and Management","volume":"32 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135650870","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
In utilizing a variable-structure multiple-model (VSMM) algorithm for kinematic state estimation, the core step is the model set design. This study aims to refine the existing expected-mode augmentation (EMA) algorithm, a method of model set design. First, the OTSU algorithm is employed to determine an adaptive threshold, which in turn allows for a reasonable partition of the basic model set. Next, a subset of possible models is preserved, reactivating models adjacent to the one with the highest prediction probability, eliminating improbable models, and yielding an augmented expected mode. Additionally, the study leverages the translation properties of radial functions and inverse trigonometric function formulas to derive a maneuvering model for star-convex extended targets under uniformly accelerated conditions. In order to assess the effectiveness of the proposed algorithm and the validity of the established maneuvering model, simulation experiments were carried out in both fixed and random scenarios. The proposed algorithm demonstrates improved performance when compared to the interactive multiple-model algorithm and the unmodified EMA algorithm.
{"title":"Maneuvering Star-Convex Extended Target Tracking Based on Modified ExpectedMode Augmentation Algorithm","authors":"Jinjin Zhang, Lifan Sun, Dan Gao","doi":"10.1590/jatm.v15.1314","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1590/jatm.v15.1314","url":null,"abstract":"In utilizing a variable-structure multiple-model (VSMM) algorithm for kinematic state estimation, the core step is the model set design. This study aims to refine the existing expected-mode augmentation (EMA) algorithm, a method of model set design. First, the OTSU algorithm is employed to determine an adaptive threshold, which in turn allows for a reasonable partition of the basic model set. Next, a subset of possible models is preserved, reactivating models adjacent to the one with the highest prediction probability, eliminating improbable models, and yielding an augmented expected mode. Additionally, the study leverages the translation properties of radial functions and inverse trigonometric function formulas to derive a maneuvering model for star-convex extended targets under uniformly accelerated conditions. In order to assess the effectiveness of the proposed algorithm and the validity of the established maneuvering model, simulation experiments were carried out in both fixed and random scenarios. The proposed algorithm demonstrates improved performance when compared to the interactive multiple-model algorithm and the unmodified EMA algorithm.","PeriodicalId":14872,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Aerospace Technology and Management","volume":"18 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"136202618","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Zainab M Shukur, Raisan Faris Hamad, Yassar Khadhim Ali, Luay Sadiq Al-Ansari, Mohammedh Helayel Al-Karaishi
Axially-functionally graded materials are/ types of traditional composite materials in which the mechanical and physical properties are gradually varied from one end to the other. They were used extensively in industries such as defense, automotive and aerospace because of the ability to design its mechanical and physical properties. Two numerical models are built in this work in order to investigate the deflection of a simply supported beam made by axial-functionally graded material. The first model is the new model and it is built by adopting the Rayleigh Method, while the second model used the Finite-Element technique to build an 1D model utilizing the ANSYS APDL. The mechanical and physical of the axial-functionally graded beam were changed in axial direction according to Power-Law Equation. The new model, based on Rayleigh Method ANSYS- 1D model, shows an excellent agreement with the results and available literature. In addition to the validation of the two models, the influences of elastic moduli ratio and material distribution on the maximum static deflection and its position were studied. In ANSYS- 1D model, the position of the maximum deflection was deviated from the middle span of A-FG beam and this deviation in position of maximum deflection reduces, as well as increases the index of power-law equation and the elastic moduli ratio (ME-Ratio) when it diverges from 1.
{"title":"Investigating the Effect of Applying Uniform Distributed Load on the Deflection of Simply Supported Axial - Functionally Graded Beam","authors":"Zainab M Shukur, Raisan Faris Hamad, Yassar Khadhim Ali, Luay Sadiq Al-Ansari, Mohammedh Helayel Al-Karaishi","doi":"10.1590/jatm.v15.1315","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1590/jatm.v15.1315","url":null,"abstract":"Axially-functionally graded materials are/ types of traditional composite materials in which the mechanical and physical properties are gradually varied from one end to the other. They were used extensively in industries such as defense, automotive and aerospace because of the ability to design its mechanical and physical properties. Two numerical models are built in this work in order to investigate the deflection of a simply supported beam made by axial-functionally graded material. The first model is the new model and it is built by adopting the Rayleigh Method, while the second model used the Finite-Element technique to build an 1D model utilizing the ANSYS APDL. The mechanical and physical of the axial-functionally graded beam were changed in axial direction according to Power-Law Equation. The new model, based on Rayleigh Method ANSYS- 1D model, shows an excellent agreement with the results and available literature. In addition to the validation of the two models, the influences of elastic moduli ratio and material distribution on the maximum static deflection and its position were studied. In ANSYS- 1D model, the position of the maximum deflection was deviated from the middle span of A-FG beam and this deviation in position of maximum deflection reduces, as well as increases the index of power-law equation and the elastic moduli ratio (ME-Ratio) when it diverges from 1.","PeriodicalId":14872,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Aerospace Technology and Management","volume":"26 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135261680","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
The use of artificial intelligence, along with its various components, is rapidly increasing in various fields of study today, going beyond the traditional domains of computer science and mathematics. To gain insights into how artificial intelligence is being applied in the air transport industry, uncover underlying correlations and trends in the literature, and identify potential research gaps, we conducted a systematic literature review supplemented with bibliometric elements such as keyword co-occurrence and author influence. The key findings of our research shed light on the most prolific institutions and authors globally involved in generating knowledge about AI applications in air transport. Additionally, we identified five research clusters that dominate the overall research direction: prediction and optimisation (constituting 65% of the articles), inter-industry collaborations (17% of the articles), human experience (9% of the articles), safety, risks, and ethical considerations (6% of the articles), and ecology and sustainable development (3% of the articles). Overall, further research is needed to explore the ethical implications, legal considerations, integration processes, and impact on employment and the environment in the air transport industry.
{"title":"Applications of Artificial Intelligence in the Air Transport Industry: A Bibliometric and Systematic Literature Review","authors":"Abderrahmane Moubarek Sadou, Eric Tchouamou Njoya","doi":"10.1590/jatm.v15.1312","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1590/jatm.v15.1312","url":null,"abstract":"The use of artificial intelligence, along with its various components, is rapidly increasing in various fields of study today, going beyond the traditional domains of computer science and mathematics. To gain insights into how artificial intelligence is being applied in the air transport industry, uncover underlying correlations and trends in the literature, and identify potential research gaps, we conducted a systematic literature review supplemented with bibliometric elements such as keyword co-occurrence and author influence. The key findings of our research shed light on the most prolific institutions and authors globally involved in generating knowledge about AI applications in air transport. Additionally, we identified five research clusters that dominate the overall research direction: prediction and optimisation (constituting 65% of the articles), inter-industry collaborations (17% of the articles), human experience (9% of the articles), safety, risks, and ethical considerations (6% of the articles), and ecology and sustainable development (3% of the articles). Overall, further research is needed to explore the ethical implications, legal considerations, integration processes, and impact on employment and the environment in the air transport industry.","PeriodicalId":14872,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Aerospace Technology and Management","volume":"14 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135649372","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Vacuum chambers providing a low pressure environment similar to the vacuum environment in low earth orbit have been used for the testing of plasma thrusters. A significant proportion of research on the effects of vacuum facility on plasma thrusters has focused on the effects of background pressure and plume expansion; however, the electrical interaction of the conductive chamber walls with the plasma thrusters needs to be explored further. In this study, the operation of a prototype Hall thruster, HK40, was investigated to understand the effects of wiring configuration of the thruster-cathode-chamber system. During the tests, the thruster was operated in two different grounding configurations. A resistance analogy regarding the changes in the electrical potentials and measured currents was introduced. The calculated thrust and efficiency values of the two configurations were compared. This study shows that the current extracted from the emitter surface of the cathode, along with the cathode-to-ground voltage can be used to estimate the thrust and thruster efficiency. In addition, the theoretical predictions were compared with the values based on the measurements made with an in-house-built inverted pendulum type thrust stand. The presented results show that the thrust and efficiency values are predicted with 3.4% and 8.3% uncertainty, respectively.
{"title":"Experimental Investigation of the Electrical Wiring Configuration of the HK40 Hall Thruster Operation","authors":"Ugur Kokal, Nazli Turan, Murat Celik","doi":"10.1590/jatm.v15.1316","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1590/jatm.v15.1316","url":null,"abstract":"Vacuum chambers providing a low pressure environment similar to the vacuum environment in low earth orbit have been used for the testing of plasma thrusters. A significant proportion of research on the effects of vacuum facility on plasma thrusters has focused on the effects of background pressure and plume expansion; however, the electrical interaction of the conductive chamber walls with the plasma thrusters needs to be explored further. In this study, the operation of a prototype Hall thruster, HK40, was investigated to understand the effects of wiring configuration of the thruster-cathode-chamber system. During the tests, the thruster was operated in two different grounding configurations. A resistance analogy regarding the changes in the electrical potentials and measured currents was introduced. The calculated thrust and efficiency values of the two configurations were compared. This study shows that the current extracted from the emitter surface of the cathode, along with the cathode-to-ground voltage can be used to estimate the thrust and thruster efficiency. In addition, the theoretical predictions were compared with the values based on the measurements made with an in-house-built inverted pendulum type thrust stand. The presented results show that the thrust and efficiency values are predicted with 3.4% and 8.3% uncertainty, respectively.","PeriodicalId":14872,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Aerospace Technology and Management","volume":"27 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135261015","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Suzana Helena Silva Braga Cardoso, Marcus Vinicius de Souza Silva Oliveira, José Rui Simons Godoy
{"title":"eVTOL Certification in FAA and EASA Performance-Based Regulation Environments: A Bird Strike Study-Case","authors":"Suzana Helena Silva Braga Cardoso, Marcus Vinicius de Souza Silva Oliveira, José Rui Simons Godoy","doi":"10.1590/jatm.v14.1271","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1590/jatm.v14.1271","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":14872,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Aerospace Technology and Management","volume":"44 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"67185775","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Rodrigo Gentil Rodrigues, Jonas Bianchini Fulindi, D. Oliveira, A. Moraes, L. Marini-Pereira
{"title":"Safety Analysis of GNSS Parallel Runway Approach Operation at Guarulhos International Airport","authors":"Rodrigo Gentil Rodrigues, Jonas Bianchini Fulindi, D. Oliveira, A. Moraes, L. Marini-Pereira","doi":"10.1590/jatm.v14.1260","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1590/jatm.v14.1260","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":14872,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Aerospace Technology and Management","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"67186171","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Karine Klippel, E. Goulart, G. Fisch, B. Furieri, C. P. F. Francisco, N. C. Reis Júnior
{"title":"Atmospheric Flow at Alcantara Launch Center","authors":"Karine Klippel, E. Goulart, G. Fisch, B. Furieri, C. P. F. Francisco, N. C. Reis Júnior","doi":"10.1590/jatm.v14.1243","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1590/jatm.v14.1243","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":14872,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Aerospace Technology and Management","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"67185294","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
In addition to radio navigation, optical navigation has been used successfully in deep-space missions since the launch of the Voyager spacecraft, in the 1970s. In the 1990s, the NASA’s Deep Space-1 mission successfully tested an autonomous optical navigation system which allowed great reduction in mission costs, and maximized scientific results. The ASTER mission, the first Brazilian deep space mission, shall count on the support of optical navigation for all its phases. The platform of the probe is the Russian Pilgrim spacecraft developed by the Russian Space Research Institute for the Finnish-Russian mission to Mars (MetNet). As such, besides the scientific camera on board (which may also be used for navigation purposes), the probe will also dispose of a navigation camera (NAVCAM). This study is related to the formulation of a general proposal of optical navigation, that can be used in the ASTER mission, which takes into account the equipment available on board, especially the NAVCAM, along with tracking software suitable for the conduction of optical navigation. The description of an appropriate navigation algorithm together with its successful application to simulated and real images (from NASA’s New Horizons mission) is carried out.
{"title":"A Proposal of Optical Navigation for Deep Space Mission ASTER to Explore NEA 2001-SN263","authors":"A. G. V. D. Brum, Carolina Mattos Schuindt","doi":"10.1590/jatm.v14.1246","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1590/jatm.v14.1246","url":null,"abstract":"In addition to radio navigation, optical navigation has been used successfully in deep-space missions since the launch of the Voyager spacecraft, in the 1970s. In the 1990s, the NASA’s Deep Space-1 mission successfully tested an autonomous optical navigation system which allowed great reduction in mission costs, and maximized scientific results. The ASTER mission, the first Brazilian deep space mission, shall count on the support of optical navigation for all its phases. The platform of the probe is the Russian Pilgrim spacecraft developed by the Russian Space Research Institute for the Finnish-Russian mission to Mars (MetNet). As such, besides the scientific camera on board (which may also be used for navigation purposes), the probe will also dispose of a navigation camera (NAVCAM). This study is related to the formulation of a general proposal of optical navigation, that can be used in the ASTER mission, which takes into account the equipment available on board, especially the NAVCAM, along with tracking software suitable for the conduction of optical navigation. The description of an appropriate navigation algorithm together with its successful application to simulated and real images (from NASA’s New Horizons mission) is carried out.","PeriodicalId":14872,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Aerospace Technology and Management","volume":"5 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"67185354","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Since the beginning of globalisation and open sky policies, airlines experience intense competition, and their performance get affected by many external factors in addition to internal issues. Fuel price fluctuation, aircraft maintenance, labour and aircraft technical operations cost are primary factors that significantly drain the budget of an airline while exerting strong impact on its operational performance. However, this study focused on effects of external factors, such as political, economic and legal mandates on an airline performance. Therefore, relationships between these factors and airline operational performance are identified and analysed in this paper. Kenya Airways has been chosen as a representative airline for this study. Nevertheless, examples from other airlines are also included for the analysis. Data for this research were collected though a descriptive survey designed according to a qualitative mixed approach. Consequently, focused interviews and questionnaires were used, and reliability of obtained results was checked using Cronbach’s alpha method. The results indicate strong positive correlations between the external factors and performance of an airline. This study therefore confirms that performance of an airline can be influence by market driven fluctuations or intentionally altered external factors discussed in this project.
{"title":"An Illustrative Evaluation of External Factors That Affect Performance of an Airline","authors":"D. Yadav, Maryil O. Goriet","doi":"10.1590/jatm.v14.1253","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1590/jatm.v14.1253","url":null,"abstract":"Since the beginning of globalisation and open sky policies, airlines experience intense competition, and their performance get affected by many external factors in addition to internal issues. Fuel price fluctuation, aircraft maintenance, labour and aircraft technical operations cost are primary factors that significantly drain the budget of an airline while exerting strong impact on its operational performance. However, this study focused on effects of external factors, such as political, economic and legal mandates on an airline performance. Therefore, relationships between these factors and airline operational performance are identified and analysed in this paper. Kenya Airways has been chosen as a representative airline for this study. Nevertheless, examples from other airlines are also included for the analysis. Data for this research were collected though a descriptive survey designed according to a qualitative mixed approach. Consequently, focused interviews and questionnaires were used, and reliability of obtained results was checked using Cronbach’s alpha method. The results indicate strong positive correlations between the external factors and performance of an airline. This study therefore confirms that performance of an airline can be influence by market driven fluctuations or intentionally altered external factors discussed in this project.","PeriodicalId":14872,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Aerospace Technology and Management","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"67185575","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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