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Islamophobia as a Phenotypical Racism: The Case of the Islamic Style of Clothing in Turkey 伊斯兰恐惧症是一种典型的种族主义:以土耳其的伊斯兰服装风格为例
Pub Date : 1900-01-01 DOI: 10.13169/islastudj.7.1.0012
Ali Murat Yel
There are many more debates about Islamophobia’s racist dispositions in a Muslim-majority society, but the way these dispositions are exercised would be better studied if the fundamental causes were addressed first. Any form of racism can be defined as premeditated acts of degradation, humiliation, and hatred that occur in the context of everyday or regular actions. In previous centuries, racism was limited to phenotypic characteristics such as skin color, hair color, and eye color, but in today’s age of image, phenotypes have been transformed into body extensions such as clothing, resulting in a new type of “racial bias” directed at those who appear to be different from the rest of society. Turkey stands out above many other Muslim countries in terms of culture, traditions, and history, as one of the few superpowers to have ruled over a vast territory without being colonized at any point in its history. The transition from the Ottoman Empire to the Turkish Republic, the social fabric was forced to transform into a new pattern. By showing, representing, and projecting Islam as a specter of reactionary forces, it was alleged it may be eradicated from people’s daily lives. Islam was labelled a public enemy, along with anything that reminded people of it; women were singled out for their outer clothing standards. The self-proclaimed emancipators were able to save and free women from their oppressors by portraying them as meek and backward. Some people in Muslim-majority nations may be treated differently solely because of their phenotypical physical distinctions, which could be termed racism and eventually lead to Islamophobia.
在一个穆斯林占多数的社会里,关于伊斯兰恐惧症的种族主义倾向有更多的争论,但如果首先解决根本原因,这些倾向的行使方式将得到更好的研究。任何形式的种族主义都可以被定义为在日常或日常活动中发生的有预谋的贬低、羞辱和仇恨行为。在过去的几个世纪里,种族主义仅限于表型特征,如肤色、头发颜色和眼睛颜色,但在今天的图像时代,表型已经转化为身体的延伸,如服装,导致一种新的“种族偏见”,针对那些看起来与社会其他部分不同的人。土耳其在文化、传统和历史方面都比其他许多穆斯林国家突出,是少数几个在历史上统治过大片领土而没有被殖民的超级大国之一。从奥斯曼帝国过渡到土耳其共和国,社会结构被迫转变成一种新的模式。通过展示、代表和投射伊斯兰教作为反动势力的幽灵,据称它可以从人们的日常生活中根除。伊斯兰教被贴上了公敌的标签,任何能让人们想起伊斯兰教的东西也被贴上了公敌的标签;妇女因其外在的衣着标准而被挑出来。那些自称为解放者的人把妇女描绘成温顺落后的形象,从而把她们从压迫者手中拯救出来。在穆斯林占多数的国家,一些人可能仅仅因为外表上的差异而受到不同的对待,这可能被称为种族主义,最终导致伊斯兰恐惧症。
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引用次数: 0
The Intellectual Magician: Sociological Analysis of the Muslim Dissidents 知识魔术师:穆斯林持不同政见者的社会学分析
Pub Date : 1900-01-01 DOI: 10.13169/islastudj.5.1.0085
Brahimi
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引用次数: 0
Cyber Homo Sacer: A Critical Analysis of Cyber Islamophobia in the Wake of the Muslim Ban 网络Homo Sacer:对穆斯林禁令后网络伊斯兰恐惧症的批判性分析
Pub Date : 1900-01-01 DOI: 10.13169/islastudj.6.1.0014
Farokhi
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引用次数: 4
The Islamophobia Index: Exploring the Challenges in Establishing Reliability for a Content Analysis Instrument Evaluating Islamophobia in Media Texts 伊斯兰恐惧症指数:探索建立可靠的内容分析工具评估媒体文本中的伊斯兰恐惧症的挑战
Pub Date : 1900-01-01 DOI: 10.13169/islastudj.6.2.0182
Anderson, Shahbazi, Abid
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引用次数: 3
Challenging Terrorism as a Form of “Otherness”: Exploring the Parallels between Far-right and Muslim Religious Extremism 挑战作为“他者”形式的恐怖主义:探索极右翼与穆斯林宗教极端主义之间的相似之处
Pub Date : 1900-01-01 DOI: 10.13169/islastudj.5.1.0099
Bakali
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引用次数: 8
The Virtual Killing of Muslims: Digital War Games, Islamophobia, and the Global War on Terror 穆斯林的虚拟杀戮:数字战争游戏、伊斯兰恐惧症和全球反恐战争
Pub Date : 1900-01-01 DOI: 10.13169/islastudj.6.1.0033
Mirrlees, Ibaid
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引用次数: 7
Islamophobia in Indian Media 印度媒体的伊斯兰恐惧症
Pub Date : 1900-01-01 DOI: 10.13169/islastudj.6.2.0120
Sikander
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引用次数: 3
Do Muslim Americans Support Racial Profiling at Airports? 穆斯林美国人支持机场种族定性吗?
Pub Date : 1900-01-01 DOI: 10.13169/islastudj.5.1.0011
Abualnaja, Nayer
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引用次数: 1
Representations of Inter-Faith Couples: “Inevitable Violence” and the Israeli Arab Conflict 不同信仰夫妻的表现:“不可避免的暴力”和以色列-阿拉伯冲突
Pub Date : 1900-01-01 DOI: 10.13169/islastudj.7.1.0121
Yohai Hakak
In recent years there is a growing concern amongst Israeli Jewish-religious sectors in relation to Jewish-Arab couples whose number is supposedly on the rise. In this article, I will analyze three key representations of such Jewish-Arab couples, all written, published, or performed within Jewish religious sectors. These representations portray the relations of such couples as following an almost identical trajectory, from an optimistic beginning to a tragic and violent end. They expose a Jewish religious explanatory model for these relations and their assumed inevitable failure, which is disguised by non-religious, behavioral, social, and cultural terminology, to convince wider audiences, including secular ones, to avoid them. This model exploits as well as feeds into a wider contemporary representations of Muslim men and culture as violent. At the same time, the model exposes religious assumptions that are prominent also among many secular Israeli Jews, making this discourse appealing to wide sections of Jewish Israeli society.
近年来,以色列犹太宗教部门越来越关注犹太-阿拉伯夫妇的关系,这些夫妇的数量据说正在上升。在这篇文章中,我将分析这类犹太-阿拉伯夫妇的三个主要表现形式,它们都是在犹太宗教部门中写作、出版或表演的。这些描述描绘了这些夫妻的关系,几乎遵循相同的轨迹,从乐观的开始到悲惨和暴力的结束。他们揭示了犹太宗教对这些关系的解释模式,以及他们被非宗教的、行为的、社会的和文化的术语所掩盖的不可避免的失败,以说服更广泛的受众,包括世俗的人,避免他们。这种模式利用并助长了更广泛的当代穆斯林男性和文化的暴力表现。与此同时,该模型还揭示了在许多世俗的以色列犹太人中也很突出的宗教假设,使这种论述吸引了以色列犹太社会的广大阶层。
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引用次数: 1
Muslims’ Coherent Strategy Against the Rise of Islamophobia in France 穆斯林对法国兴起的伊斯兰恐惧症的一致策略
Pub Date : 1900-01-01 DOI: 10.13169/islastudj.7.1.0056
Bukhtawer Pervaz, Tahama Asad
Islamophobia is one of today’s most divisive terms. Some claim that there is no such thing as the “fear of Islam,” as it is literally translated. Islamophobia, or anti-Muslimism, is a visible fact, not an academic debate. Since the 9/11 attacks and the 2005 London bombings, Muslims in the West and wherever they live as a minority have been subjected to intense scrutiny. Islamophobia in France is not a new phenomenon and the recent murder of Samuel Paty in France is undoubtedly tragic, but the rise in Islamophobia needs to be discussed by the Muslim World. This article further analyzes the French President’s reaction towards Muslims, which has brought the attention of the world towards the realization that Muslims and religious security is of great concern and needs to be protected. The article aims to explain the strategy of Muslim World about the rise of Islamophobia in France and also discusses what Muslims need to do to take immediate measures against France and the rise of Islamophobia.
伊斯兰恐惧症是当今最具争议性的词汇之一。一些人声称根本没有所谓的“对伊斯兰的恐惧”,就像字面翻译的那样。伊斯兰恐惧症或反穆斯林主义是一个可见的事实,而不是一场学术辩论。自9/11恐怖袭击和2005年伦敦爆炸案以来,西方的穆斯林以及他们作为少数民族居住的任何地方都受到了严格的审查。法国的伊斯兰恐惧症并不是一个新现象,最近在法国发生的Samuel party谋杀案无疑是一个悲剧,但伊斯兰恐惧症的上升需要穆斯林世界讨论。本文进一步分析了法国总统对穆斯林的反应,使世界认识到穆斯林和宗教安全是一个非常值得关注和需要保护的问题。这篇文章旨在解释穆斯林世界对法国伊斯兰恐惧症兴起的策略,并讨论穆斯林需要做些什么来立即采取措施对抗法国和伊斯兰恐惧症的兴起。
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引用次数: 1
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Islamophobia Studies Journal
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