Pub Date : 2018-01-01DOI: 10.4172/2168-9679.1000401
Gurung Db, S. Acharya
The human bodies have to stay their normal temperature because the enzymes that causes reaction in the body functions are best at normal temperature. The study deals comparative study of thermoregulation activities of human males and females under hot zone due to sweating. The solution is presented on the basis of variational finite element method for one and two dimensional steady and transient cases. Sweating is one of the effective thermoregulatory processes when the body is in hot condition of heat strain caused by hot ambient conditions or a high metabolic rate. Sweating is considered as a loss of heat from the body by evaporation of water inside body. The sweating rate for male is calculated by the relation; E=8.47×10-5(0.1×Tsk+0.9×Tb)-36.6 [kg/m 2/sec] where, Tsk=T0 (Outer skin surface temperature), Tb=37 (Body core temperature). The rate of sweating in females is less compared to males due to the lower density of sweat gland and hormonal pattern in females. So, coefficient of Tb is considered as 0.7 instead of 0.9 in above relation for females. The analysis sought out that tissue temperature in males is slightly higher as compared to females when atmospheric temperature T∞ is less than body core temperature. But the females tissue temperature is higher when T∞ exceeds above 37°C. The steady state nodal temperature is achieved earlier in case of males in comparison to females. Citation: Gurung DB, Acharya S (2018) Sweating Effect on Males and Females Body Temperature Variation. J Appl Computat Math 7: 401. doi: 10.4172/2168-9679.1000401
{"title":"Sweating Effect on Males and Females Body Temperature Variation","authors":"Gurung Db, S. Acharya","doi":"10.4172/2168-9679.1000401","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4172/2168-9679.1000401","url":null,"abstract":"The human bodies have to stay their normal temperature because the enzymes that causes reaction in the body functions are best at normal temperature. The study deals comparative study of thermoregulation activities of human males and females under hot zone due to sweating. The solution is presented on the basis of variational finite element method for one and two dimensional steady and transient cases. Sweating is one of the effective thermoregulatory processes when the body is in hot condition of heat strain caused by hot ambient conditions or a high metabolic rate. Sweating is considered as a loss of heat from the body by evaporation of water inside body. The sweating rate for male is calculated by the relation; E=8.47×10-5(0.1×Tsk+0.9×Tb)-36.6 [kg/m 2/sec] where, Tsk=T0 (Outer skin surface temperature), Tb=37 (Body core temperature). The rate of sweating in females is less compared to males due to the lower density of sweat gland and hormonal pattern in females. So, coefficient of Tb is considered as 0.7 instead of 0.9 in above relation for females. The analysis sought out that tissue temperature in males is slightly higher as compared to females when atmospheric temperature T∞ is less than body core temperature. But the females tissue temperature is higher when T∞ exceeds above 37°C. The steady state nodal temperature is achieved earlier in case of males in comparison to females. Citation: Gurung DB, Acharya S (2018) Sweating Effect on Males and Females Body Temperature Variation. J Appl Computat Math 7: 401. doi: 10.4172/2168-9679.1000401","PeriodicalId":15007,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Applied and Computational Mathematics","volume":"138 1","pages":"1-11"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"79813325","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2018-01-01DOI: 10.4172/2168-9679.1000415
Leichsenring Ig
The intent of this essay is not to try to prove that the twin primes are infinite. We would just like to add another way so that others interested in Number Theory can help in elucidating this mystery. The conjecture of Polignac states that each natural pair is equal to the difference of two primes; but this conjecture, it seems, has not yet been proven. However, we note that there is a certain correlation of that thesis with the foundations of our previous study, as proposed in "Goldbach New Conjecture", which led to this monograph on twin primes. Pair (g, h) k p q g 5 71 h 5 73 kg 5 12 pg 5 59 qg 5 83 kh 5 6 ph 5 67 qh 5 79 kg 5 18 pg 5 53 qg 5 89 kh 5 36 ph 5 37 qh 5 109 kg 5 30 Pg 5 41 qg 5 101 kh 5 30 ph 5 43 qh 5 103 kg 5 66 pg 5 5 qg 5 137 kh 5 66 ph 5 7 qh 5 139 Table 1: Symmetries pair of (71,73). Citation: Leichsenring IG (2018) Polignac: New Conjecture. J Appl Computat Math 7: 415. doi: 10.4172/2168-9679.1000415
{"title":"Polignac: New Conjecture","authors":"Leichsenring Ig","doi":"10.4172/2168-9679.1000415","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4172/2168-9679.1000415","url":null,"abstract":"The intent of this essay is not to try to prove that the twin primes are infinite. We would just like to add another way so that others interested in Number Theory can help in elucidating this mystery. The conjecture of Polignac states that each natural pair is equal to the difference of two primes; but this conjecture, it seems, has not yet been proven. However, we note that there is a certain correlation of that thesis with the foundations of our previous study, as proposed in \"Goldbach New Conjecture\", which led to this monograph on twin primes. Pair (g, h) k p q g 5 71 h 5 73 kg 5 12 pg 5 59 qg 5 83 kh 5 6 ph 5 67 qh 5 79 kg 5 18 pg 5 53 qg 5 89 kh 5 36 ph 5 37 qh 5 109 kg 5 30 Pg 5 41 qg 5 101 kh 5 30 ph 5 43 qh 5 103 kg 5 66 pg 5 5 qg 5 137 kh 5 66 ph 5 7 qh 5 139 Table 1: Symmetries pair of (71,73). Citation: Leichsenring IG (2018) Polignac: New Conjecture. J Appl Computat Math 7: 415. doi: 10.4172/2168-9679.1000415","PeriodicalId":15007,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Applied and Computational Mathematics","volume":"43 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"84727516","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2018-01-01DOI: 10.4172/2168-9679.1000416
S. Saber, Bashier Ebm, Alzahrani Sm, Noaman Ia
This paper extends the work by incorporating a time delay in the interaction term of the glucose and insulin. The new model is analyzed and the stability properties have been concluded. Numerical simulations are carried out to confirm the theoretical results. Citation: Saber S, Bashier EBM, Alzahrani SM, Noaman IA (2018) A Mathematical Model of Glucose-Insulin Interaction with Time Delay. J Appl Computat Math 7: 416. doi: 10.4172/2168-9679.1000416
{"title":"A Mathematical Model of Glucose-Insulin Interaction with Time Delay","authors":"S. Saber, Bashier Ebm, Alzahrani Sm, Noaman Ia","doi":"10.4172/2168-9679.1000416","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4172/2168-9679.1000416","url":null,"abstract":"This paper extends the work by incorporating a time delay in the interaction term of the glucose and insulin. The new model is analyzed and the stability properties have been concluded. Numerical simulations are carried out to confirm the theoretical results. Citation: Saber S, Bashier EBM, Alzahrani SM, Noaman IA (2018) A Mathematical Model of Glucose-Insulin Interaction with Time Delay. J Appl Computat Math 7: 416. doi: 10.4172/2168-9679.1000416","PeriodicalId":15007,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Applied and Computational Mathematics","volume":"5 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"89157107","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2018-01-01DOI: 10.4172/2168-9679.1000419
L. Wei, Z. Zhang
{"title":"The Fast Assignment and Software Implementation of the Ultra-high Degree Earth?s Gravity Field Parameters","authors":"L. Wei, Z. Zhang","doi":"10.4172/2168-9679.1000419","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4172/2168-9679.1000419","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":15007,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Applied and Computational Mathematics","volume":"15 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"89340916","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2018-01-01DOI: 10.4172/2168-9679.1000422
Khidzir Nzb, Ahmed Saam
Theory of artificial enabled social engineering attacking risk factors are employed in this study to determine the impact that disturbed the personal productivity of higher learning institute of the user towards the AI enable SoE attacking. Five independent variable which are threat, vulnerability, valuation, countermeasure and personal disturbance factors using in this paper. Moreover using as an indicator in determining disturbance of personal productivity in an higher learning institute. Since multiple regression by using Structural Equation Modelling –Partial Least Square (SEM-PLS) is used to examine the collection of data by a questionnaire which is relevant with AI enable SE attacking risk. And the resulting point out three independent variable significantly influences the personal productivity in higher learning institute. As a matter of fact this study concludes that the foremost influence factor on disturbance of personal productivity in higher learning institute towards the AI enables SoE attacking risk factors such as threat, vulnerability, valuation and countermeasure. This study contributes to introductory study but vibrant understanding in stimulating the higher learning institute to become a worldwide institution. Journal of Applied & Computational Mathematics J o u r n a l o f A pp lie d & Computional M th e m a t i c s ISSN: 2168-9679
{"title":"An Investigation of AI enabled SoE Attacking Impact in Higher Learning Institute: Structural Equation Modeling (SEM) Approach","authors":"Khidzir Nzb, Ahmed Saam","doi":"10.4172/2168-9679.1000422","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4172/2168-9679.1000422","url":null,"abstract":"Theory of artificial enabled social engineering attacking risk factors are employed in this study to determine the impact that disturbed the personal productivity of higher learning institute of the user towards the AI enable SoE attacking. Five independent variable which are threat, vulnerability, valuation, countermeasure and personal disturbance factors using in this paper. Moreover using as an indicator in determining disturbance of personal productivity in an higher learning institute. Since multiple regression by using Structural Equation Modelling –Partial Least Square (SEM-PLS) is used to examine the collection of data by a questionnaire which is relevant with AI enable SE attacking risk. And the resulting point out three independent variable significantly influences the personal productivity in higher learning institute. As a matter of fact this study concludes that the foremost influence factor on disturbance of personal productivity in higher learning institute towards the AI enables SoE attacking risk factors such as threat, vulnerability, valuation and countermeasure. This study contributes to introductory study but vibrant understanding in stimulating the higher learning institute to become a worldwide institution. Journal of Applied & Computational Mathematics J o u r n a l o f A pp lie d & Computional M th e m a t i c s ISSN: 2168-9679","PeriodicalId":15007,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Applied and Computational Mathematics","volume":"9 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"75236778","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2018-01-01DOI: 10.4172/2168-9679.1000377
Akhtar Ms
The degree diameter problem is the problem of finding the largest graph (in terms of number of vertices) subject to the constraints on the degree and the diameter of the graph. Beyond the degree constraint there is no restriction on the number of edges (apart from keeping the graph simple) so the resulting graph may be thought of as being embedded in the complete graph. In a generalization of this problem, the graph is considered to be embedded in some connected host graph. This article considers embedding the graph in the oxide network and provides some exact values and some upper and lower bounds for the optimal graphs.
{"title":"Degree Diameter Problem on Oxide Network","authors":"Akhtar Ms","doi":"10.4172/2168-9679.1000377","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4172/2168-9679.1000377","url":null,"abstract":"The degree diameter problem is the problem of finding the largest graph (in terms of number of vertices) subject to the constraints on the degree and the diameter of the graph. Beyond the degree constraint there is no restriction on the number of edges (apart from keeping the graph simple) so the resulting graph may be thought of as being embedded in the complete graph. In a generalization of this problem, the graph is considered to be embedded in some connected host graph. This article considers embedding the graph in the oxide network and provides some exact values and some upper and lower bounds for the optimal graphs.","PeriodicalId":15007,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Applied and Computational Mathematics","volume":"115 1","pages":"1-7"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"73493983","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2018-01-01DOI: 10.4172/2168-9679.1000421
H. Selatnia, A. Berhail, A. Ayadi
{"title":"Average Sentinel for a Heat Equation with Incomplete Data","authors":"H. Selatnia, A. Berhail, A. Ayadi","doi":"10.4172/2168-9679.1000421","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4172/2168-9679.1000421","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":15007,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Applied and Computational Mathematics","volume":"47 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"73562284","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2018-01-01DOI: 10.4172/21689679.1000418
Nigatie Y
In this paper finite difference methods will used to solve both one and two dimensional heat equations which are the well-known partial differential equations. Figure 1: Conditions of prescribed boundary. Citation: Nigatie Y (2018) The Finite Difference Methods for Parabolic Partial Differential Equations. J Appl Computat Math 7: 418. doi: 10.4172/21689679.1000418
{"title":"The Finite Difference Methods for Parabolic Partial Differential Equations","authors":"Nigatie Y","doi":"10.4172/21689679.1000418","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4172/21689679.1000418","url":null,"abstract":"In this paper finite difference methods will used to solve both one and two dimensional heat equations which are the well-known partial differential equations. Figure 1: Conditions of prescribed boundary. Citation: Nigatie Y (2018) The Finite Difference Methods for Parabolic Partial Differential Equations. J Appl Computat Math 7: 418. doi: 10.4172/21689679.1000418","PeriodicalId":15007,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Applied and Computational Mathematics","volume":"329 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"76568805","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2018-01-01DOI: 10.4172/2168-9679.1000400
M. Ahmad, H. Al-Ezeh
In this paper, we will study some bipartite graphs whose complements are divisor graphs like paths and caterpillars, counterexample for a tree whose complement is not divisor will be presented and powers of some types of trees that have their complements divisor graphs will be classified.
{"title":"Divisor Graphs that are Complements of Bipartite Graphs","authors":"M. Ahmad, H. Al-Ezeh","doi":"10.4172/2168-9679.1000400","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4172/2168-9679.1000400","url":null,"abstract":"In this paper, we will study some bipartite graphs whose complements are divisor graphs like paths and caterpillars, counterexample for a tree whose complement is not divisor will be presented and powers of some types of trees that have their complements divisor graphs will be classified.","PeriodicalId":15007,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Applied and Computational Mathematics","volume":"62 1","pages":"1-3"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"75634079","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2018-01-01DOI: 10.4172/2168-9679.1000376
Elazab Ns
The Fitzhugh-Nagumo model for excitable systems with a high excitation parameter solves the question of selfoscillatory and self-adaptivity in these systems. This is not the case in systems with low excitation parameter. An intrinsic stochastic model that accounts for endogenous fluctuations is proposed. This model solves the question of self-oscillatory and self-adaptivity in systems with low excitation parameter.
{"title":"On an Intrinsic Stochastic Fitzhugh: Nagumo Model","authors":"Elazab Ns","doi":"10.4172/2168-9679.1000376","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4172/2168-9679.1000376","url":null,"abstract":"The Fitzhugh-Nagumo model for excitable systems with a high excitation parameter solves the question of selfoscillatory and self-adaptivity in these systems. This is not the case in systems with low excitation parameter. An intrinsic stochastic model that accounts for endogenous fluctuations is proposed. This model solves the question of self-oscillatory and self-adaptivity in systems with low excitation parameter.","PeriodicalId":15007,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Applied and Computational Mathematics","volume":"44 1","pages":"1-4"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"82230852","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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