Journal of biological regulators and homeostatic agents最新文献

Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) represents a chronic inflammatory disorder of the airways induced mainly by cigarette smoking. In the current study, cigarette smoke extract (CSE) was used to develop an in vitro COPD model using human bronchial epithelium (HBE) cells to expound the possible role of microRNA-29b (miR-29b) in COPD. Firstly, miR-29b and interleukin (IL)-22 expression was assessed in serum of 20 healthy non-smokers, 20 healthy smokers and 20 COPD patients as well as CSE-treated HBE cells. Then, miR-29b and IL-22 expression was altered to evaluate their functions in Th17/Treg ratio. miR-29b inhibited Th17/Treg ratio and levels of IL-22; whereas overexpression of IL-22 reversed these trends. Moreover, rescue experiments found that IL-22 neutralized the repressive effects of miR-29b on Th17/Treg ratio and inflammatory response. Finally, we found that miR-29b blocked the JAK/STAT3 pathway in CSE-treated HBE cells. These data highlighted that miR-29bs modulated Th17/Treg imbalance in CSE-induced experimental COPD through inhibition of IL-22-dependent JAK/STAT3 pathway.

Craniofacial features of 18 individuals with Turner Syndrome (TS) were compared with age and gender matched healthy individuals. Dental history, panoramic radiograph, dental casts and cephalometric measurements were assessed. The dental casts analysis showed a significantly higher PH/PW ratio in individuals with TS under GH therapy compared to healthy individuals (p=0.004; paired t-test). This data objectively supported the definition of a high-narrow palate. The ANB angle and the Wits index were similar in the two group, showing a skeletal class I malocclusion. The vertical characteristics did not differ between the two groups, showing a mesofacial growth pattern. Our results showed similar cephalometric characteristics in individuals with TS treated with GH and healthy controls.

The case report aims to describe the parameters of performing upper labial frenectomy with the use of diode laser beams without infiltrated local anaesthesia. A 6-year-old patient was referred by the orthodontist for assessment of the upper anterior labial frenum. The dental treatment plan reported only the presence of caries on deciduous teeth and seals on the first permanent molars. The clinical examination reported the presence of a high attachments of labial frenum with a pathologically attachment and the presence of a diastema supports this theory. The laser used to remove the frenulum was a diode laser used with a wavelength of 980 nm with 320 microns of fiber in contact with a power of 2.0 W in continuous wave mode. The clinical examination showed an acceptable healing by secondary intention of the wound and the initial functional recovery of a physiological upper lip movements. The patient reported that the procedure was well tolerated. The diode laser can be used with good result for the removal of pathological frenum. The diode laser can be used in pediatric dentistry because of its application, adequate coagulation, no need for sutures and less inflammation and pain.

The aim of this clinical study is to evaluate, through some clinical and radiographic tests, the different biological responses of hard and soft tissues adjacent to the standard or to reduced-length implants in smokers, non-smokers and former smokers. This study was a comparative analysis of three groups of patients. Patients were eligible if they needed an implant in the posterior areas of the maxilla and mandible, both with a sufficient amount of bone, using implants that are standard or with small heights, and using small implants so that they could avoid any regenerative bone therapy aimed at increasing vertical size. The clinical and X-ray assessment was performed after 4/6 months (T1) and after one year (T2). The main results were recordings of clinical aspects such as presence of inflammation, color and gum appearance assessments, and X-ray assessment differentiating maxilla and mandible implants. Averages were conducted to estimate differences between study groups. One-hundred patients were included, with a total of 200 implants: 100 standard sized implants and 100 short implants. In the individual study groups, there is no difference between the types of implants, and we have favorable and unfavorable conditions. The reported data and the analyzed studies are insufficient to define the influence of smoking in the assessment of the long-term predictability of implants.

The success of a vaccination campaign depends on the possibility of guaranteeing not only a wide distribution of effective vaccines, but also on their safety and acceptance by the population. Vaccine safety questions should be answered by correct, unbiased and evidence-based reports, and by addressing all possible problems including allergic reactions. Despite the fact that many COVID-19 vaccines are free from the majority of potentially sensitizing components, an allergic reaction can occur even in the form of a severe, life-threatening anaphylaxis. The frequency of allergic reactions against COVID vaccine is greater than that observed for other vaccinations. National and international allergology societies have proposed specific guidelines for individuals at risk of anaphylaxis by vaccine. Vaccines, like all the pharmaceutical preparations, are submitted to great safety and efficacy valuations, however, even the greatest pre-licensure experimentations are insufficient to evaluate the vaccine's potential to provoke anaphylaxis. Therefore, post-market surveillance is essential to analyze, record and characterize all adverse events. To this purpose, specific algorithms should be used as a monitoring strategy of adverse events in patients undergoing vaccination against COVID 19.

The function of long non-coding RNA (lncRNA) nuclear enriched abundant transcript 1 (NEAT1) has been revealed in injury caused by myocardial ischemia/reperfusion (I/R), however, its association with Sevoflurane (Sev), an anesthetic effective for regulating inflammation and oxidative stress, is not yet clear in I/R injury. The aim of this study was to functionally validate and elucidate the mechanism-of-action for Sev-mediated NEAT1 in myocardial I/R injury. Firstly, reduced NEAT1 was revealed in myocardial I/R injured mice treated with Sev. Moreover, restoration of NEAT1 could repress the alleviating role of Sev in cardiac function, infarct size and myocardial apoptosis in mice, while miR-140 was remarkably enhanced in myocardial tissues from mice treated with Sev. Furthermore, miR-140 was suggested and authenticated as a downstream biomolecule of NEAT1 with the help of a bioinformatics tool. Interestingly, miR-140 inhibitor played the same role as NEAT1 overexpression on the cardiac function, infarct size and apoptosis of mice. Finally, it was manifested that RhoA was a putative target of miR-140, which functioned importantly in the Sev/miR-140-mediated myocardial I/R injury. All in all, NEAT1 knockdown contributed to Sev-mediated myocardial I/R injury alleviation via the miR-140/RhoA axis.

Streptococcus pneumoniae (S. pneumoniae) pneumonia is the most common cause of community-acquired pneumonia (CAP). Previous studies have suggested the diagnostic potential of microRNAs (miRNAs) in infectious diseases. In the present study, we aimed to evaluate the potential role of miRNAs in S. pneumoniae pneumonia by using bioinformatics analysis and experimental validation. Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO) datasets including GSE97922 and GSE83615 were analyzed for identifying the differentially expressed miRNAs; the miRNA-target genes network was constructed by using miRNet and the targeted genes were subject to Gene Ontology enrichment, Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes and REACTOME pathway analysis; the miRNA and mRNA expression levels were determined by quantitative real-time PCR; protein concentrations were determined by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. Our results showed that miR-425, miR-155 and miR-33 were up-regulated in the serum from CAP patients when compared to healthy controls; whereas there was no significant difference in serum miR-222, miR-149, miR-186 and miR-132 expression levels between healthy controls and CAP patients. In vitro functional studies showed that lipopolysaccharides (LPS) induced the up-regulation of miR-425, miR-155 and miR-33 in RAW264.7 cells, and miR-425, miR-155 and miR-33 inhibition attenuated LPS-induced inflammatory responses in RAW264.7 cells. In conclusion, our results showed that miR-425, miR-155 and miR-33 were up-regulated in the serum from CAP patients by using bioinformatics analysis and experimental validation; furthermore, miR-425, miR-155 and miR-33 inhibition attenuated LPS-induced inflammatory responses in RAW264.7 cells. Nevertheless, our studies are still at the preliminary stages, and the detailed roles of miR-425, miR-155 and miR-33 in S. pneumoniae pneumonia still require further investigation.