The genus Wendlandia includes around 70 species and is native to southeast Asia, northeast Africa, China, Australia, and Turkey. Mnay plant species of this genus have ethnomedicinal properties, which are used to deal various health complications, including dysentery, severe fever, cough, diabetes, hypertension, hyperlipidemia, constipation, and inflammation. This review sought to summarize details on the ethnomedicinal uses, phytochemical composition, safety aspects, and toxicology of Wendlandia species. Additionally, it covered the nomenclature, distribution, taxonomy, and botanical characteristics of this genus. Several electronic databases were used to retrieve the information, including Google Scholar, PubMed, Web of Science, Scopus, Science Direct, and Springer Link. The Plant List (www.theplantlist.org) was used for taxonomical authentications. SciFinder and PubChem were utilized for the verification of chemical structures and IUPAC (International Union of Pure and Applied Chemistry) name of the compounds. Numerous examinations of chemical constituents of the Wendlandia genus have identified approximately 60 essential plant compounds, such as iridoid glycosides, flavonoids, flavonoid glycosides, carotenoids, and triterpenes. Various research studies have showcased the therapeutic potential of Wendlandia species, highlighting their abilities in treating diabetes, combating oxidation, reducing inflammation, fighting microbes, lowering blood pressure, and potentially hindering cancer growth. The significance of Wendlandia in traditional medicine systems and its role as a valuable origin of impactful natural compounds are evident. This review provided scientific basis for future endeavors, including chemical investigations into already studied species and other less studied species of Wendlandia for finding future lead compounds. J. Bangladesh Acad. Sci. 47(2); 139-154: December 2023
文竹属包括约 70 个物种，原产于东南亚、非洲东北部、中国、澳大利亚和土耳其。该属的许多植物物种具有民族药用价值，可用于治疗各种健康并发症，包括痢疾、严重发烧、咳嗽、糖尿病、高血压、高脂血症、便秘和炎症。本综述旨在总结 Wendlandia 物种的民族药用价值、植物化学成分、安全性和毒理学方面的详细信息。此外，它还涵盖了该属植物的命名、分布、分类和植物学特征。检索信息时使用了多个电子数据库，包括 Google Scholar、PubMed、Web of Science、Scopus、Science Direct 和 Springer Link。植物名录》（www.theplantlist.org）用于分类鉴定。SciFinder 和 PubChem 用于验证化合物的化学结构和 IUPAC（国际纯粹与应用化学联合会）名称。通过对温地亚属植物化学成分的大量研究，发现了约 60 种重要的植物化合物，如鸢尾甙、黄酮类、黄酮甙、类胡萝卜素和三萜类。各种研究都展示了 Wendlandia 物种的治疗潜力，突出了它们在治疗糖尿病、抗氧化、减少炎症、抗微生物、降低血压以及潜在阻碍癌症生长方面的能力。Wendlandia 在传统医学体系中的重要性及其作为有影响力的天然化合物的宝贵来源的作用显而易见。这篇综述为今后的工作提供了科学依据，包括对已研究过的 Wendlandia 种类和其他研究较少的种类进行化学调查，以寻找未来的先导化合物。47(2); 139-154: December 2023
{"title":"Ethnomedicinal uses, phytochemistry, pharmacology and toxicological aspects of genus Wendlandia: an overview","authors":"Md Jamal Hossain, Fahamida Maliha, Md Bappy Hawlader, Mamtaz Farzana, M. Rashid","doi":"10.3329/jbas.v47i2.67992","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3329/jbas.v47i2.67992","url":null,"abstract":"The genus Wendlandia includes around 70 species and is native to southeast Asia, northeast Africa, China, Australia, and Turkey. Mnay plant species of this genus have ethnomedicinal properties, which are used to deal various health complications, including dysentery, severe fever, cough, diabetes, hypertension, hyperlipidemia, constipation, and inflammation. This review sought to summarize details on the ethnomedicinal uses, phytochemical composition, safety aspects, and toxicology of Wendlandia species. Additionally, it covered the nomenclature, distribution, taxonomy, and botanical characteristics of this genus. Several electronic databases were used to retrieve the information, including Google Scholar, PubMed, Web of Science, Scopus, Science Direct, and Springer Link. The Plant List (www.theplantlist.org) was used for taxonomical authentications. SciFinder and PubChem were utilized for the verification of chemical structures and IUPAC (International Union of Pure and Applied Chemistry) name of the compounds. Numerous examinations of chemical constituents of the Wendlandia genus have identified approximately 60 essential plant compounds, such as iridoid glycosides, flavonoids, flavonoid glycosides, carotenoids, and triterpenes. Various research studies have showcased the therapeutic potential of Wendlandia species, highlighting their abilities in treating diabetes, combating oxidation, reducing inflammation, fighting microbes, lowering blood pressure, and potentially hindering cancer growth. The significance of Wendlandia in traditional medicine systems and its role as a valuable origin of impactful natural compounds are evident. This review provided scientific basis for future endeavors, including chemical investigations into already studied species and other less studied species of Wendlandia for finding future lead compounds.\u0000J. Bangladesh Acad. Sci. 47(2); 139-154: December 2023","PeriodicalId":15109,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Bangladesh Academy of Sciences","volume":"45 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-12-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"138949850","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-12-21DOI: 10.3329/jbas.v47i2.67950
Mahmudur Rahman, B. Mondal, Nafees Ahmed, Md. Delwar Hossain
Catalytic pyrolysis of waste HDPE and LDPE polyethylene was successfully carried out using a silica-alumina catalyst at 450 °C under N2 atmosphere. The synthesized silica-alumina is mesoporous and shows type IV isotherm. Thermal pyrolysis (without any catalyst) provided 47% wax-like hydrocarbons at 485 °C. On the other hand, more than 80% liquid yield was achieved using silica-alumina catalysts from waste HDPE and LDPE. The highest liquid yield was obtained from LDPE (87.69%) than HDPE (83.25%) at a catalyst-to-plastic ratio of 1:25. The 1H NMR shows that the liquid product does not contain any aromatic compound. The GC-MS, 1H NMR, and FTIR confirmed that the liquid contains linear and branched alkanes and alkenes. J. Bangladesh Acad. Sci. 47(2); 195-203: December 2023
使用二氧化硅-氧化铝催化剂，在氮气环境下于 450 °C 成功催化热解了废高密度聚乙烯和低密度聚乙烯。合成的二氧化硅-氧化铝是介孔的，显示出 IV 型等温线。热裂解（不使用任何催化剂）在 485 ℃ 时产生了 47% 的蜡状碳氢化合物。另一方面，使用二氧化硅-氧化铝催化剂从废弃的高密度聚乙烯和低密度聚乙烯中获得了 80% 以上的液体产量。在催化剂与塑料的比例为 1:25 时，低密度聚乙烯的液体产率（87.69%）高于高密度聚乙烯（83.25%）。1H NMR 显示，液体产品不含任何芳香族化合物。气相色谱-质谱、1H NMR 和傅立叶变换红外光谱证实液体中含有直链和支链烷烃和烯烃。47(2); 195-203: December 2023
{"title":"Catalytic pyrolysis of waste high-density (HDPE) and low-density polyethylene (LDPE) to produce liquid hydrocarbon using silica-alumina catalyst","authors":"Mahmudur Rahman, B. Mondal, Nafees Ahmed, Md. Delwar Hossain","doi":"10.3329/jbas.v47i2.67950","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3329/jbas.v47i2.67950","url":null,"abstract":"Catalytic pyrolysis of waste HDPE and LDPE polyethylene was successfully carried out using a silica-alumina catalyst at 450 °C under N2 atmosphere. The synthesized silica-alumina is mesoporous and shows type IV isotherm. Thermal pyrolysis (without any catalyst) provided 47% wax-like hydrocarbons at 485 °C. On the other hand, more than 80% liquid yield was achieved using silica-alumina catalysts from waste HDPE and LDPE. The highest liquid yield was obtained from LDPE (87.69%) than HDPE (83.25%) at a catalyst-to-plastic ratio of 1:25. The 1H NMR shows that the liquid product does not contain any aromatic compound. The GC-MS, 1H NMR, and FTIR confirmed that the liquid contains linear and branched alkanes and alkenes.\u0000J. Bangladesh Acad. Sci. 47(2); 195-203: December 2023","PeriodicalId":15109,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Bangladesh Academy of Sciences","volume":"54 8","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-12-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"138951181","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-12-21DOI: 10.3329/jbas.v47i2.68555
Md Karimul Ahsan, Md Abdullah Al Mamun, Toton Kumar Ghosh, M. A. Karim
Soybean genotypes G00006, BD2336, AGS383, PK472, BCS1, NCS1, BU Soybean1 and BARI Soybean6 were evaluated under 20% (drought) and 80% (control) of field capacity based on morpho-physiological and yield response to drought. The results revealed that plant height, leaf number, chlorophyll content, photosynthesis, stomatal conductance, transpiration rate, relative water content and water uptake capacity of soybean drastically reduced due to drought. However, root: shoot ratio increased under drought condition. Across the genotypes, the root : shoot ratio ranged from 0.20 to 0.47 in control, while 0.22 to 59 in drought condition. Genotypes BD2336, AGS383 and G00006 produced higher number of pods and seeds, whereas minimum yield reduction was recorded in AGS383 under drought. Based on drought tolerance index, AGS383 ranked 1st, while BD2336 and PK472 ranked 2nd and 3rd position, respectively. High grain yielding ability of AGS383 suggested that it could be cultivated in drought prone environment. J. Bangladesh Acad. Sci. 47(2); 223-240: December 2023
{"title":"Dissecting drought stress tolerance of soybean genotypes based on morphological and physiological attributes","authors":"Md Karimul Ahsan, Md Abdullah Al Mamun, Toton Kumar Ghosh, M. A. Karim","doi":"10.3329/jbas.v47i2.68555","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3329/jbas.v47i2.68555","url":null,"abstract":"Soybean genotypes G00006, BD2336, AGS383, PK472, BCS1, NCS1, BU Soybean1 and BARI Soybean6 were evaluated under 20% (drought) and 80% (control) of field capacity based on morpho-physiological and yield response to drought. The results revealed that plant height, leaf number, chlorophyll content, photosynthesis, stomatal conductance, transpiration rate, relative water content and water uptake capacity of soybean drastically reduced due to drought. However, root: shoot ratio increased under drought condition. Across the genotypes, the root : shoot ratio ranged from 0.20 to 0.47 in control, while 0.22 to 59 in drought condition. Genotypes BD2336, AGS383 and G00006 produced higher number of pods and seeds, whereas minimum yield reduction was recorded in AGS383 under drought. Based on drought tolerance index, AGS383 ranked 1st, while BD2336 and PK472 ranked 2nd and 3rd position, respectively. High grain yielding ability of AGS383 suggested that it could be cultivated in drought prone environment.\u0000J. Bangladesh Acad. Sci. 47(2); 223-240: December 2023","PeriodicalId":15109,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Bangladesh Academy of Sciences","volume":"31 7","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-12-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"138948797","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-12-21DOI: 10.3329/jbas.v47i2.66977
Halima Bagum, M. Moloney
The stereochemistry of the routes to two different bicyclic tetramates are reported which enables to synthesize highly functionalized systems. An analysis of the structure shows that the tetramates permit ready incorporation of three to five functionality at different positions. This work demonstrates that novel bicyclic tetramates can be synthesized via stereoselective cyclization. The resulting heterocycles were studied with the help of NMR techniques. J. Bangladesh Acad. Sci. 47(2); 215-222: December 2023
{"title":"Stereoselectivity of thiazolidine, malonamides and bicyclic tetramates with isopropyl NH and SH protecting group","authors":"Halima Bagum, M. Moloney","doi":"10.3329/jbas.v47i2.66977","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3329/jbas.v47i2.66977","url":null,"abstract":"The stereochemistry of the routes to two different bicyclic tetramates are reported which enables to synthesize highly functionalized systems. An analysis of the structure shows that the tetramates permit ready incorporation of three to five functionality at different positions. This work demonstrates that novel bicyclic tetramates can be synthesized via stereoselective cyclization. The resulting heterocycles were studied with the help of NMR techniques.\u0000J. Bangladesh Acad. Sci. 47(2); 215-222: December 2023","PeriodicalId":15109,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Bangladesh Academy of Sciences","volume":"12 12","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-12-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"138951806","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-06-28DOI: 10.3329/jbas.v47i1.61838
G. Bate, A. Adeleye, A. O. Amoo, E. M. Ijanu, Catherine Iyabo Asaju, Haruna Sale Mohammed
Chemical coagulants used in water treatment are detrimental to human health. This research assessed the viability of Moringa oleifera (MO) seed extract compared with Aluminium Sulphate (Alum) as coagulants for treating stormwater. Five hundred mL of each of the eight storm water samples were analyzed through the Jar test method and zone settling rate experiment. Temperature, pH, conductivity, turbidity, and total suspended solids were assessed before and after adding the coagulants. Results obtained on the percentage reduction in interface height show lesser percentages (0.47, 0.76, 1.14, and 0.19%) when varying concentrations (50, 60, 70, and 80 mg/L) of MO seed extract were employed compared to the superior reduction percentages (87.07, 90.09, 95.27 and 94.57%.) when the same varying concentrations of Alum solution were added. Nonetheless, the percentage reduction in interface heights of the coagulants are significantly (p<0.05) different from each other. J. Bangladesh Acad. Sci. 47(1); 119-125: June 2023
{"title":"Comparative assessment of moringa oleifera seed extract and aluminum sulfate solution efficiency as coagulants for storm water treatment","authors":"G. Bate, A. Adeleye, A. O. Amoo, E. M. Ijanu, Catherine Iyabo Asaju, Haruna Sale Mohammed","doi":"10.3329/jbas.v47i1.61838","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3329/jbas.v47i1.61838","url":null,"abstract":"Chemical coagulants used in water treatment are detrimental to human health. This research assessed the viability of Moringa oleifera (MO) seed extract compared with Aluminium Sulphate (Alum) as coagulants for treating stormwater. Five hundred mL of each of the eight storm water samples were analyzed through the Jar test method and zone settling rate experiment. Temperature, pH, conductivity, turbidity, and total suspended solids were assessed before and after adding the coagulants. Results obtained on the percentage reduction in interface height show lesser percentages (0.47, 0.76, 1.14, and 0.19%) when varying concentrations (50, 60, 70, and 80 mg/L) of MO seed extract were employed compared to the superior reduction percentages (87.07, 90.09, 95.27 and 94.57%.) when the same varying concentrations of Alum solution were added. Nonetheless, the percentage reduction in interface heights of the coagulants are significantly (p<0.05) different from each other.\u0000J. Bangladesh Acad. Sci. 47(1); 119-125: June 2023 ","PeriodicalId":15109,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Bangladesh Academy of Sciences","volume":"41 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-06-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"88177402","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-06-28DOI: 10.3329/jbas.v47i1.61704
M. A. Haque, Tasibana Chowdhury, Mamunur Rashid
Wave Energy is a type of renewable energy that uses the power of waves to generate electricity, and it is the largest estimated global resource form of ocean energy. This study deals with various techniques of wave power and focuses on the present scenario in the world and its potentiality in Bangladesh. The analysis of parameters of wave height, wavelength, and wave period; indicates the bright prospects of wave power in Bangladesh. J. Bangladesh Acad. Sci. 47(1); 23-27: June 2023
{"title":"Study on wave power regarding Bangladesh","authors":"M. A. Haque, Tasibana Chowdhury, Mamunur Rashid","doi":"10.3329/jbas.v47i1.61704","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3329/jbas.v47i1.61704","url":null,"abstract":"Wave Energy is a type of renewable energy that uses the power of waves to generate electricity, and it is the largest estimated global resource form of ocean energy. This study deals with various techniques of wave power and focuses on the present scenario in the world and its potentiality in Bangladesh. The analysis of parameters of wave height, wavelength, and wave period; indicates the bright prospects of wave power in Bangladesh.\u0000J. Bangladesh Acad. Sci. 47(1); 23-27: June 2023","PeriodicalId":15109,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Bangladesh Academy of Sciences","volume":"30 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-06-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"77470200","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-06-28DOI: 10.3329/jbas.v47i1.62976
Md Farhad Hossain Chowdhury, M. Hasan, Moinul Hasan, M. Rahman, Marzia Rahman, N. Juyena
Among the diverse factors, bacterial infections in the reproductive tract potentially cause of repeat breeding in dairy cows. The present research was conducted to appraise the uterine organism in healthy fertile cows (HFC) and repeat breeder cows (RBC) and to establish a relationship with previous disease or disease conditions. A total of 43 uterine samples were collected from 10 healthy fertile and 33 RB cows for bacteriological study. Among RBC, 39.4% harbored bacterial isolates of E. coli (30.3%), Staphylococcus aureus (27.3%), Staphylococcus epidermidis (15.2%), and Bacillus spp. (18.2%). Total Viable Count (TVC) of RBC with isolates was higher (1.81 x 1010CFU/mL) than in normal fertile cows (1.3x1010 CFU/mL). No bacterial isolates were recovered from 60.6% RBCs and 80.0% healthy fertile cows. A single, mixed infection of two, three and four bacterial species was observed in the uterine discharge of 12.1%, 9.1%, 12.1% and 6.1% RBC, respectively. From animal demographic data of RBC, the sub-clinical mastitis, acute mastitis, endometritis, dystocia, retention of placenta, and abortion were 42.4%, 39.4%, 39.4%, 12.1%, 9.1%, and 6.1%, respectively. In contrast, the presence of dystocia, endometritis, subclinical mastitis, retention of placenta and abortion was recorded in 50%, 30%, 30.8%, 23.1%, and 15.4% of healthy cows, respectively. This result could help the veterinarian to design the proper antibacterial therapy based on bacteria isolates in RBCs. J. Bangladesh Acad. Sci. 47(1); 33-42: June 2023
{"title":"Prevalence of different bacterial species in the uterine fluid of repeat breeder cows","authors":"Md Farhad Hossain Chowdhury, M. Hasan, Moinul Hasan, M. Rahman, Marzia Rahman, N. Juyena","doi":"10.3329/jbas.v47i1.62976","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3329/jbas.v47i1.62976","url":null,"abstract":"Among the diverse factors, bacterial infections in the reproductive tract potentially cause of repeat breeding in dairy cows. The present research was conducted to appraise the uterine organism in healthy fertile cows (HFC) and repeat breeder cows (RBC) and to establish a relationship with previous disease or disease conditions. A total of 43 uterine samples were collected from 10 healthy fertile and 33 RB cows for bacteriological study. Among RBC, 39.4% harbored bacterial isolates of E. coli (30.3%), Staphylococcus aureus (27.3%), Staphylococcus epidermidis (15.2%), and Bacillus spp. (18.2%). Total Viable Count (TVC) of RBC with isolates was higher (1.81 x 1010CFU/mL) than in normal fertile cows (1.3x1010 CFU/mL). No bacterial isolates were recovered from 60.6% RBCs and 80.0% healthy fertile cows. A single, mixed infection of two, three and four bacterial species was observed in the uterine discharge of 12.1%, 9.1%, 12.1% and 6.1% RBC, respectively. From animal demographic data of RBC, the sub-clinical mastitis, acute mastitis, endometritis, dystocia, retention of placenta, and abortion were 42.4%, 39.4%, 39.4%, 12.1%, 9.1%, and 6.1%, respectively. In contrast, the presence of dystocia, endometritis, subclinical mastitis, retention of placenta and abortion was recorded in 50%, 30%, 30.8%, 23.1%, and 15.4% of healthy cows, respectively. This result could help the veterinarian to design the proper antibacterial therapy based on bacteria isolates in RBCs.\u0000J. Bangladesh Acad. Sci. 47(1); 33-42: June 2023","PeriodicalId":15109,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Bangladesh Academy of Sciences","volume":"111 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-06-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"80975041","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-06-27DOI: 10.3329/jbas.v47i1.65144
T. Ahsan, K. Fatema, S. Shoily, Zinia Haidar, A. Sajib
The severity of the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) is linked to pro-inflammatory cytokine levels. There are still many unanswered questions regarding COVID-19 pathogenesis and prognosis. Significantly increased levels of pro-inflammatory cytokines characterize severe COVID-19 compared to those with a mild-to-moderate form of the disease. In this study, we used in silico tools to explore the variant allele frequency distributions of three important pro-inflammatory cytokine genes: interleukin-6 (IL-6), interleukin-8 (IL-8), and tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNFA), as well as their linkage disequilibrium (LD) patterns in worldwide populations. These cytokines were chosen for their pro-inflammatory properties, importance in determining COVID-19 outcomes, and potential as disease treatment targets. Twenty-two of the variants correlate with altered cytokine expression levels, which may also influence the expression of several other mediators of immune responses. These variants also appear to be associated with several COVID-19 comorbidities, such as diabetes, asthma, obesity, and heart conditions. At least one variant (rs1800795 in IL6) is likely associated with an altered response to TNFA inhibitors, which are considered COVID-19 treatment options. The European super-population has high variant allele frequencies (VAF ≥ 0.2) at thirteen of these variant loci. High genetic heterogeneity at these loci is present in the admixed American populations, whereas the East Asian populations appear genetically more homogeneous. Interethnic differences are more pronounced at the IL6 SNP loci, which may cause variances in the expression level of a long non-coding RNA gene, IL6-AS1. Stronger and more extensive LD (R2 ≥ 0.8) exists among the IL6 and IL8 variants in the European super-population and among the TNFA variants in the East and South Asian populations. In general, the European super-population has higher frequencies of haplotypes with multiple variant alleles. Such interethnic differences may shed more light on the disparities in COVID-19 severities and the responses to treatments across ethnic groups. J. Bangladesh Acad. Sci. 47(1); 69-90: June 2023
{"title":"Ethnic disparities in the distribution of gene expression modulating polymorphisms in key pro-inflammatory cytokines associated with COVID-19 severities","authors":"T. Ahsan, K. Fatema, S. Shoily, Zinia Haidar, A. Sajib","doi":"10.3329/jbas.v47i1.65144","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3329/jbas.v47i1.65144","url":null,"abstract":"The severity of the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) is linked to pro-inflammatory cytokine levels. There are still many unanswered questions regarding COVID-19 pathogenesis and prognosis. Significantly increased levels of pro-inflammatory cytokines characterize severe COVID-19 compared to those with a mild-to-moderate form of the disease. In this study, we used in silico tools to explore the variant allele frequency distributions of three important pro-inflammatory cytokine genes: interleukin-6 (IL-6), interleukin-8 (IL-8), and tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNFA), as well as their linkage disequilibrium (LD) patterns in worldwide populations. These cytokines were chosen for their pro-inflammatory properties, importance in determining COVID-19 outcomes, and potential as disease treatment targets. Twenty-two of the variants correlate with altered cytokine expression levels, which may also influence the expression of several other mediators of immune responses. These variants also appear to be associated with several COVID-19 comorbidities, such as diabetes, asthma, obesity, and heart conditions. At least one variant (rs1800795 in IL6) is likely associated with an altered response to TNFA inhibitors, which are considered COVID-19 treatment options. The European super-population has high variant allele frequencies (VAF ≥ 0.2) at thirteen of these variant loci. High genetic heterogeneity at these loci is present in the admixed American populations, whereas the East Asian populations appear genetically more homogeneous. Interethnic differences are more pronounced at the IL6 SNP loci, which may cause variances in the expression level of a long non-coding RNA gene, IL6-AS1. Stronger and more extensive LD (R2 ≥ 0.8) exists among the IL6 and IL8 variants in the European super-population and among the TNFA variants in the East and South Asian populations. In general, the European super-population has higher frequencies of haplotypes with multiple variant alleles. Such interethnic differences may shed more light on the disparities in COVID-19 severities and the responses to treatments across ethnic groups.\u0000J. Bangladesh Acad. Sci. 47(1); 69-90: June 2023","PeriodicalId":15109,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Bangladesh Academy of Sciences","volume":"38 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-06-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"77043418","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-06-27DOI: 10.3329/jbas.v47i1.67266
Y. Kabir
Abstract not available J. Bangladesh Acad. Sci. 47(1); June 2023
摘要[j] .孟加拉科学，47(1);2023年6月
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Pub Date : 2023-06-27DOI: 10.3329/jbas.v47i1.64909
Md Sagir Ahmed, Mysha Mahjabin, Durjoy Raha Antu, S. K. Datta
This study confirmed the presence of triglid fish Lepidotrigla longimana Li, (1981) for the first time in Bangladesh waters. Four individuals of this species were collected from Cox's Bazar (21.77 N 91.62 E) on 5 October 2018 as bycatch. The species was taxonomically identified through the traditional morphometric method which was further validated by a molecular approach based on partial cytochrome c oxidase subunit I (COI) sequences (DNA barcodes). The body length is three times of the head length and 4.1 times of the body height. Head length is 2.5 times larger than the snout length and 3.2 times of the eye diameter. The number of scales on the lateral line is 60. A smaller blue spot is present on the inner side of the pectoral fin. The average K2P distances of the COI sequence within species were 0.53. In the Maximum likelihood (ML) tree, the sequences clustered together under a single clade. Morphometric, meristic and molecular data thus confirmed the species as L. longimana. J. Bangladesh Acad. Sci. 47(1); 29-32: June 2023
本研究首次在孟加拉国海域证实了三角鱼Lepidotrigla longimana Li，(1981)的存在。该物种于2018年10月5日在Cox's Bazar (21.77 N 91.62 E)作为副渔获物捕获4只。通过传统的形态计量学方法对该物种进行了分类鉴定，并通过基于部分细胞色素c氧化酶亚基I (COI)序列(DNA条形码)的分子方法进一步验证了该物种的分类。体长是头长的3倍，是身高的4.1倍。头的长度是鼻子长度的2.5倍，眼睛直径的3.2倍。侧线上的鳞片数为60。胸鳍内侧有一个较小的蓝色斑点，种内COI序列的平均K2P距离为0.53。在最大似然树中，这些序列聚在一个分支下。形态计量学、分生统计学和分子统计学资料证实该种为L. longimana.J。科学通报，2011 (1);29-32: 2023年6月
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