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Developing chair-based exercises for lumbar stabilization: Analysis via electromyography and ultrasound imaging. 开发以椅子为基础的腰椎稳定运动:通过肌电图和超声成像分析。
IF 1.4 4区 医学 Q3 ORTHOPEDICS Pub Date : 2026-01-27 DOI: 10.1177/10538127261416003
Daisuke Inoue, Harumi Ozaki, Akira Sakaguchi, Rui Tsukagoshi, Kotaro Kawaguchi

BackgroundLumbar stabilization exercises (LSEs) are commonly used to improve spinal stability; however, few studies have evaluated LSEs performed in the sitting position.ObjectiveTo investigate the characteristics of newly developed chair-based LSEs based on muscle activity.MethodsThis prospective, single-group study included 23 healthy males. Trunk muscle activity during exercise was evaluated using surface electromyography and ultrasonography to compare two newly developed chair-based lumbar stabilization exercises with conventional LSEs. The Lateral Abdominal Expansion (LAE) and Hip Flexion with Arm Resistance (HFAR) exercises, both involving isometric contractions, were specifically developed for this purpose.ResultsThe two chair-based exercises showed a greater preferential activation ratio of the transversus abdominis than did the prone and side bridges. Furthermore, transversus abdominis/internal oblique activity was greater in LAE than in all conventional LSEs and in HFAR than in the prone and side bridges. Conversely, multifidus activation was lower during LAE and HFAR than during the bridge and bird-dog but remained greater than that observed in the draw-in and prone bridge.ConclusionThe LAE and HFAR may be promising for the preferential activation of the transversus abdominis and multifidus.

腰椎稳定练习(LSEs)通常用于改善脊柱稳定性;然而,很少有研究评估在坐姿下进行的lse。目的研究新研制的基于肌肉活动的椅子式LSEs的特点。方法本前瞻性单组研究纳入23名健康男性。使用体表肌电图和超声检查评估运动过程中的躯干肌肉活动,比较两种新开发的基于椅子的腰椎稳定练习和传统的腰椎稳定练习。侧腹扩张(LAE)和髋屈与臂阻力(HFAR)练习,都涉及等距收缩,是专门为此目的而开发的。结果两种椅型运动对腹横肌的优先激活比俯卧和侧桥运动更大。此外,LAE患者的横腹/内斜肌活动大于所有传统lse患者,HFAR患者的横腹/内斜肌活动大于俯卧桥和侧桥患者。相反,在LAE和HFAR期间,多裂肌的激活低于桥式和鸟犬式,但仍高于拉入和俯卧桥。结论LAE和HFAR有可能优先激活腹横肌和多裂肌。
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引用次数: 0
Investigation of the effect of telerehabilitation-based aerobic exercises on physical fitness in epilepsy patients: A randomized controlled trial. 基于远程康复的有氧运动对癫痫患者体能影响的研究:一项随机对照试验。
IF 1.4 4区 医学 Q3 ORTHOPEDICS Pub Date : 2026-01-23 DOI: 10.1177/10538127261415975
Mehmet Sönmez, Sinem Yilmaz, Ecehan Bayram

BackgroundTelerehabilitation refers to the provision of medical rehabilitation services to individuals in remote locations through the use of online communication technologies.ObjectiveThis study aims to investigate the impact of a telerehabilitation-based aerobic exercise program on physical fitness in patients with epilepsy.MethodsA total of 42 individuals, aged 18-50, diagnosed with epilepsy were randomly assigned to the study group (SG) (n = 21) and the control group (CG) (n = 21). The SG participated in a regimen consisting of 45 min of conventional physiotherapy combined with 30 min of telerehabilitation-based aerobic exercise, conducted 3 times per week for 8 weeks. The CG received only conventional physiotherapy with the same frequency and duration. Pre- and post-treatment measurements were taken, including body composition (muscle mass, body fat percentage, body weight) assessed through bioelectrical impedance analysis, physical performance evaluated via the Short Physical Performance Battery (SPPB), muscular endurance measured with the 30-s stand-and-sit test, and treatment satisfaction assessed using the visual analog scale.ResultsThe SG demonstrated significant improvements in physical performance (p = 0.01) and muscular endurance (p < 0.001) compared to the CG. However, there was no superority of SG compared to the CG for body composition parameters. (p > 0.05, for all) Within-group comparisons revealed that SG showed significant improvements in body composition measurements (p < 0.001), while no significant changes were observed in the CG for either all parameters. (p > 0.05, for all).ConclusionTelerehabilitation-based aerobic exercise proves to be an effective intervention for enhancing physical fitness in individuals with epilepsy.

远程康复是指通过使用在线通信技术为偏远地区的个人提供医疗康复服务。目的探讨基于远程康复的有氧运动对癫痫患者体质的影响。方法将42例18 ~ 50岁的癫痫患者随机分为研究组(SG = 21)和对照组(CG = 21)。SG参加的方案包括45分钟的常规物理治疗结合30分钟的远程康复有氧运动,每周进行3次,持续8周。对照组仅接受常规物理治疗,治疗频率和持续时间相同。进行治疗前后测量,包括通过生物电阻抗分析评估身体成分(肌肉质量、体脂百分比、体重),通过短物理性能电池(SPPB)评估身体性能,通过30秒站坐测试测量肌肉耐力,并使用视觉模拟量表评估治疗满意度。结果SG在体能表现(p = 0.01)和肌肉耐力(p 0.05)方面均有显著改善。组内比较显示SG在体成分测量方面均有显著改善(p 0.05)。结论基于远程康复的有氧运动是提高癫痫患者体质的有效干预手段。
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引用次数: 0
Effects of acupuncture combined with Baduanjin on muscle mass, strength, and quality of life in older adults with sarcopenia: A randomized controlled trial. 针刺联合八段锦对老年肌肉减少症患者肌肉质量、力量和生活质量的影响:一项随机对照试验。
IF 1.4 4区 医学 Q3 ORTHOPEDICS Pub Date : 2026-01-22 DOI: 10.1177/10538127261415998
Weilong Ji, Weiwei He, Zheng Luo, Shijie Shi, Tianyi Zhang, Meiqi He, Yujie Zhao, Liwei Xu, Cairong Zhang, Shengli Wu

BackgroundOlder adults experience accelerated muscle loss due to decreased physical ability, inadequate nutrition, and chronic illnesses depletion, predisposing them to sarcopenia. While Baduanjin and acupuncture may be beneficial, their combined effectiveness remains unclear.ObjectivesTo evaluate the combined effects of acupuncture and Baduanjin on muscle mass, strength, and quality of life in older adults with sarcopenia.MethodsIn this randomized controlled trial, 105 adults aged 60-84 years with sarcopenia were randomly assigned to three groups: acupuncture combined with Baduanjin group (AC + BDJ), acupuncture group (AC), and Baduanjin group (BDJ). The 12-week intervention included acupuncture twice weekly for 30 min and Baduanjin exercises five times weekly for 20-30 min. Assessments were conducted at baseline, 12-week, and 20-week follow-up. The primary outcome was appendicular skeletal muscle mass index (ASMI). Secondary outcomes included body composition (weight, BMI, body fat percentage), physical function (handgrip strength, gait speed, calf circumference), and overall health status [short physical performance battery (SPPB), Mini-Nutritional Assessment (MNA), and Geriatric Depression Scale (GDS)]. Statistical analyses were performed using SPSS 26.0.ResultsAmong 93 completers, all groups showed significant within-group improvements (all P < 0.01). Crucially, AC + BDJ demonstrated superior improvements in ASMI (η2p = 0.609) and SPPB (η2p = 0.259) compared to individual groups (both P < 0.01). While AC + BDJ exhibited the largest percentage gains in other outcomes, Post-hoc differences were not statistically significant. Depressive symptom improvements were similar across groups.ConclusionCombining acupuncture with Baduanjin significantly enhances muscle mass and strength in older adults with sarcopenia, offering superior clinical efficacy and a low-risk, adaptable rehabilitation alternative.Trial registrationThis study was reviewed and approved by the Ethics Committee of Nanjing Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine (approval number KY2024017). The registration was completed in the International Traditional Medicine Clinical Trial Registration Platform with registration number ITMCTR2025000130.

年龄较大的成年人由于体能下降、营养不足和慢性疾病消耗而加速肌肉损失,易患肌肉减少症。虽然八段锦和针灸可能有益,但它们的联合效果尚不清楚。目的评价针刺联合八段金对老年肌少症患者肌肉质量、力量及生活质量的影响。方法将105例60 ~ 84岁老年肌肉减少症患者随机分为针灸联合八段锦组(AC + BDJ)、针灸组(AC)和八段锦组(BDJ)。12周的干预包括针灸每周2次,每次30分钟,八段锦运动每周5次,每次20-30分钟。在基线、12周和20周随访时进行评估。主要终点为阑尾骨骼肌质量指数(ASMI)。次要结局包括身体组成(体重、BMI、体脂百分比)、身体功能(握力、步态速度、小腿围)和整体健康状况[短体能表现测试(SPPB)、迷你营养评估(MNA)和老年抑郁量表(GDS)]。采用SPSS 26.0进行统计学分析。结果93例完成者中,各组均较个别组有显著改善(P < 0.05 = 0.609), SPPB (P < 0.05 = 0.259)
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引用次数: 0
Relationship between time from onset of lower back pain to medical examination and recurrence and stage of disease in lumbar spondylolysis. 腰椎峡部裂症腰痛发病至体检时间与复发及病程的关系
IF 1.4 4区 医学 Q3 ORTHOPEDICS Pub Date : 2026-01-19 DOI: 10.1177/10538127261415999
Shinya Kishi, Yasuhiro Nakane, Takao Minami

BackgroundLumbar spondylolysis, a stress fracture, is frequently observed in adolescent athletes performing repetitive spinal extension and rotation. Early diagnosis and treatment are crucial to prevent progression and recurrence. However, the impact of the time from symptom onset to consultation on disease stage and recurrence remains unclear.ObjectiveThis study investigated whether delayed consultation influences the disease stage at diagnosis and recurrence in adolescent athletes with lumbar spondylolysis.MethodsA retrospective cohort study was conducted at Hospital A from April 2022 to April 2025. Data included age, sex, sport type, lesion location, disease stage (early, advanced, or terminal), consultation timing (<30 or >30 days), and recurrence. Fisher's exact test was used for univariate analysis, and variables with P < 0.20 were entered into a logistic regression model to identify independent predictors.ResultsEighty-three athletes (53 males, 30 females; mean age 14.9 ± 1.9 years) were analyzed. Univariate analysis revealed that delayed consultation and advanced disease stage were significantly associated with recurrence. Logistic regression identified disease stage as the only independent predictor (OR = 0.06, 95% CI: 0.01-0.32, P < 0.0011).ConclusionA delay in consultation was not an independent predictor of recurrence; however, it indirectly increased the risk of recurrence by contributing to disease stage advancement at the time of diagnosis. These findings highlight that timely consultation can prevent disease progression and lower recurrence risk. Educating athletes, parents, and coaches about early medical evaluation is essential to improve clinical outcomes and ensure a safe return to sports.

背景腰椎峡部裂是一种应力性骨折,在青少年运动员进行重复性脊柱伸展和旋转时经常观察到。早期诊断和治疗对预防病情进展和复发至关重要。然而,从症状出现到会诊的时间对疾病分期和复发的影响尚不清楚。目的探讨延迟会诊是否影响青少年运动员腰椎峡部裂症的诊断阶段和复发。方法于2022年4月至2025年4月在A医院进行回顾性队列研究。数据包括年龄、性别、运动类型、病变部位、疾病分期(早期、晚期或晚期)、就诊时间(30天)和复发。单变量分析采用Fisher精确检验,P
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引用次数: 0
Effects of trunk stabilization and lower extremity strength training on pain, disability, balance and golf performance in amateur golfers with nonspecific low back pain. 躯干稳定和下肢力量训练对非特异性腰痛业余高尔夫球手疼痛、失能、平衡和高尔夫表现的影响。
IF 1.4 4区 医学 Q3 ORTHOPEDICS Pub Date : 2026-01-19 DOI: 10.1177/10538127251412593
Na-Yeon Kang, Sang-Cheol Im, Seong-Wook Seo, Geon-Woo Sim, Chung-Hyun Son, Chang-Hun Park, Jae-Hun Jeon, Kyoung Kim

BackgroundCurrently, no studies have investigated the effectiveness of combining trunk stabilization exercises with lower extremity strength training in amateur golfers with low back pain.ObjectiveThis study aimed to evaluate the effects of a rehabilitation program incorporating trunk stabilization exercises and lower extremity strength training on pain, disability, balance, and golf performance in amateur golfers with nonspecific LBP (NSLBP).MethodsAmateur golfers with NSLBP (n = 30) were randomly assigned to either the experimental group (EG; n = 15) or the control group (CG; n = 15). The EG participated in a rehabilitation program that included trunk stabilization exercises and lower extremity strengthening exercises, while the CG performed golf swing exercises and stretching. Both groups trained for the same duration-40 min/day, four times per week, for 6 weeks.ResultsAn interaction effect was found in visual analog scale and Oswestry Disability Index scores (p < .05), and EG was significantly reduced more than CG. In balance ability, an interaction effect was found in total balance ability in the eyes-open condition, and left-right balance, pressure area, and total balance ability in the eyes-closed condition (p < .05), and balance ability improved more in EG than CG. In golf performance, an interaction effect was found in driver distance and ball speed (p < .05), and both EG and CG improved.ConclusionsThese findings indicate that a rehabilitation program combining trunk stabilization exercises and lower extremity strengthening exercises is more effective than general swing exercises and stretching in improving pain, disability, balance in amateur golfers with NSLBP.

目前,还没有研究调查躯干稳定练习与下肢力量训练相结合对腰痛的业余高尔夫球手的有效性。目的:本研究旨在评估包含躯干稳定练习和下肢力量训练的康复方案对非特异性LBP (NSLBP)业余高尔夫球手疼痛、残疾、平衡和高尔夫表现的影响。方法将30名NSLBP的业余高尔夫球手随机分为实验组(EG, n = 15)和对照组(CG, n = 15)。EG组参加了一个康复项目,包括躯干稳定练习和下肢强化练习,而CG组则进行高尔夫挥杆练习和伸展运动。两组的训练时间相同——每天40分钟,每周四次,持续6周。结果在视觉模拟量表和Oswestry残疾指数评分中均存在交互效应(p
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引用次数: 0
An evaluation of the pain characteristics of patients with thoracic outlet syndrome. 胸廓出口综合征患者疼痛特征的评价。
IF 1.4 4区 医学 Q3 ORTHOPEDICS Pub Date : 2026-01-19 DOI: 10.1177/10538127251411107
Şule Tüzen Tek, Tüzün Fırat, Ayten Kayı Cangır

BackgroundPain is the most common symptom in Thoracic Outlet Syndrome (TOS).ObjectiveThis study was conducted to determine the characteristics of pain in patients with TOS.Methods66 patients (59 female, 7 male) participated in this cross-sectional study. Pressure pain thresholds (PPT) and pain intensity were evaluated. Central Sensitization Inventory (CSI), Tampa Kinesiophobia Scale (TSK), Toronto Alexithymia Scale (TAS) and Pain Catastrophizing Scale (PCS) were used. Mann-Whitney U and Spearman tests were used for statistical analyzes.ResultsA significant positive correlation was observed between symptom duration (6.42 ± 5.33 years) and both CSI (r = 0.261,p = 0.034) and TSK (r = 0.271,p = 0.028). Centrally sensitized patients were found to have significantly worse kinesiophobia (p = 0.005), catastrophizing (p = 0.031) and alexithymia (p = 0.049). Patients with pain catastrophizing had higher kinesiophobia (p = 0.003). There was no difference in PPT in trapezius (p = 0.507) and infraspinatus (p = 0.690) muscles but there was a difference in the extensor carpi radialis (p = 0.009) and extensor indicis proprius (p = 0.002). Pain values were similar between patients who had undergone surgery and those who had not.ConclusionsThe findings of this investigation indicate that symptoms related to central sensitization in TOS are linked to chronic pain indicators, while catastrophizing is associated with kinesiophobia. Additionally, it was observed that a prolonged duration of symptoms in TOS intensifies the severity of central sensitization and kinesiophobia. The similarity in pain parameters between the surgical and non-surgical groups may reflect the effects of chronic pain due to prolonged symptom duration. These results suggest that TOS should not be perceived solely as a musculoskeletal issue.

背景疼痛是胸廓出口综合征(TOS)最常见的症状。目的探讨TOS患者的疼痛特征。方法66例患者(女性59例,男性7例)进行横断面研究。评估压痛阈值(PPT)和疼痛强度。采用中枢致敏量表(CSI)、坦帕运动恐惧症量表(TSK)、多伦多述情障碍量表(TAS)和疼痛灾难量表(PCS)。统计分析采用Mann-Whitney U检验和Spearman检验。结果症状持续时间(6.42±5.33年)与CSI (r = 0.261,p = 0.034)、TSK (r = 0.271,p = 0.028)呈显著正相关。中心致敏患者的运动恐惧症(p = 0.005)、灾难化(p = 0.031)和述情障碍(p = 0.049)明显加重。疼痛灾难化患者有较高的运动恐惧症(p = 0.003)。斜方肌(p = 0.507)和冈下肌(p = 0.690)的PPT差异无统计学意义,桡腕伸肌(p = 0.009)和固有伸肌(p = 0.002) PPT差异有统计学意义。接受过手术和未接受手术的患者的疼痛值相似。结论本研究结果表明,TOS中枢性致敏相关症状与慢性疼痛指标相关,而巨灾化与运动恐惧症相关。此外,观察到TOS症状持续时间的延长会加剧中枢致敏和运动恐惧症的严重程度。手术组和非手术组疼痛参数的相似性可能反映了由于症状持续时间延长而引起的慢性疼痛的影响。这些结果表明,TOS不应仅仅被视为肌肉骨骼问题。
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引用次数: 0
Efficacy of hydrokinesis therapy in reducing fatigue and stress in patients with fibromyalgia: A systematic review. 液体运动疗法减轻纤维肌痛患者疲劳和压力的疗效:一项系统综述。
IF 1.4 4区 医学 Q3 ORTHOPEDICS Pub Date : 2026-01-13 DOI: 10.1177/10538127251412595
Alessandro de Sire, Andrea Parente, Emanuele Prestifilippo, Francesco Agostini, Chiara Conte, Andrea Racinelli, Umile Giuseppe Longo, Andrea Demeco, Nicola Marotta, Antonio Ammendolia

BackgroundFibromyalgia is a chronic syndrome with widespread pain and multisystem symptoms. Hydrokinesitherapy, combining exercise and water immersion, may reduce pain, improve function, and enhance quality of life. It may be more effective than land-based therapy, though protocols remain unstandardized. This study evaluated its effectiveness in fibromyalgia.ObjectiveThis systematic review aimed to evaluate the effectiveness of hydrokinesitherapy compared to land-based exercise or placebo intervention in women with fibromyalgia, with particular focus on its impact on pain, physical function, well-being, and quality of life assessed through the fibromyalgia impact questionnaire (FIQ).MethodsA literature review was conducted using the following databases until may 28th 2025: PubMed, Scopus, and Web of Science. Studies were deemed eligible based on the following PICO criteria: P) Participants: women diagnosed with fibromyalgia; I) Intervention: hydrotherapy; C) Control: land-based exercise or placebo/sham treatments; O) Outcome: Fibromyalgia Impact Questionnaire (FIQ). Only randomized controlled trials RCTs with two groups and full text in English were included.ResultsThis review included 10 RCTs with 469 participants, 238 treated with hydrokinesitherapy. Results showed significant improvements in pain, function, sleep, depression, and quality of life in women with fibromyalgia. Outcomes were better than land-based exercise, but benefits decline without continued therapy; long-term studies are needed to define optimal duration and structure.ConclusionHydrokinesitherapy combined with exercise benefits from warm-water immersion, reducing joint stress and improving movement tolerance in fibromyalgia. This review confirms its effectiveness in reducing pain, enhancing physical and psychological well-being, and improving quality of life.

背景:纤维肌痛是一种广泛疼痛和多系统症状的慢性综合征。水运动疗法,结合运动和水浸泡,可以减轻疼痛,改善功能,提高生活质量。它可能比陆地疗法更有效,尽管方案尚未标准化。本研究评估了其治疗纤维肌痛的有效性。目的:本系统综述旨在评估氢动力疗法与陆上运动或安慰剂干预对纤维肌痛女性患者的有效性,特别关注其对疼痛、身体功能、幸福感和生活质量的影响,通过纤维肌痛影响问卷(FIQ)评估。方法采用PubMed、Scopus和Web of Science数据库,截止到2025年5月28日进行文献综述。根据以下PICO标准,研究被认为是合格的:P)参与者:诊断为纤维肌痛的女性;1)干预:水疗;C)对照组:陆上演习或安慰剂/假治疗;O)结局:纤维肌痛影响问卷(FIQ)。只纳入两组随机对照试验和英文全文对照试验。结果:本综述纳入10项随机对照试验,469名受试者,238名接受氢动力疗法。结果显示,纤维肌痛患者的疼痛、功能、睡眠、抑郁和生活质量均有显著改善。结果优于陆上运动,但如果不继续治疗,效果会下降;需要长期研究来确定最佳的持续时间和结构。结论水动力疗法联合运动对纤维肌痛患者具有温水浸泡、减轻关节应力和提高运动耐受性的作用。本综述证实了其在减轻疼痛、增强身心健康和提高生活质量方面的有效性。
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引用次数: 0
Proprioception: The strongest predictor to falls in older females - A cross-sectional study. 本体感觉:老年女性跌倒的最强预测器-一项横断面研究。
IF 1.4 4区 医学 Q3 ORTHOPEDICS Pub Date : 2026-01-13 DOI: 10.1177/10538127251414223
Mehmet Miçooğulları, Zehra Miçooğulları, Hülya Özbeşer

BackgroundFalls are a leading cause of injury, loss of independence, and premature mortality among older adults, and they place a substantial burden on individuals, caregivers, and healthcare systems.ObjectiveThis cross-sectional study aimed to determine the contribution of vibration and proprioception sense, isometric muscle strength, static balance, reaction time and postural stability to falls in females aged 65 and over.MethodsIn this cross-sectional study, 92 females (aged ≥65 years) were evaluated for vibration sense, proprioception, isometric muscle strength, static balance, reaction time, and postural stability. The number of falls within the past year was recorded. Statistical analyses were performed using IBM SPSS v27.0, with non-normally distributed variables compared using the Mann-Whitney U test and independent contributors to falls identified by multiple linear regression with backward stepwise elimination.ResultsFallers demonstrated reduced vibration sense, larger ankle joint reposition errors, weaker dorsiflexor and plantarflexor strength, and slower dorsiflexion and plantarflexion reaction times (all p < 0.001); no group differences were seen for invertor/evertor strength, static balance duration, or postural sway (p > 0.05). In multivariable regression, greater plantarflexion joint reposition error (β = 0.454, p < 0.001), poorer vibration sense (β = -0.214, p = 0.005), reduced plantarflexor strength (β = -0.149, p = 0.040) and longer plantarflexion reaction time (β = 0.232, p = 0.003) independently predicted number of falls (VIF < 2.2).ConclusionImpaired vibration sense, greater plantar flexion proprioceptive error, reduced plantar flexor strength, and slower plantarflexion reaction time were independently associated with more falls. Targeted interventions to enhance proprioceptive function, muscle strength, and neuromuscular response may be essential for fall prevention and promoting safer, more independent aging.

背景:跌倒是老年人受伤、丧失独立性和过早死亡的主要原因,给个人、护理人员和卫生保健系统带来了沉重的负担。目的探讨振动和本体感觉、等长肌力、静态平衡、反应时间和姿势稳定性对65岁及以上女性跌倒的影响。方法在这项横断面研究中,对92名年龄≥65岁的女性进行振动感、本体感觉、等长肌力、静态平衡、反应时间和姿势稳定性评估。记录了过去一年的跌倒次数。采用IBM SPSS v27.0进行统计分析,采用Mann-Whitney U检验比较非正态分布变量,采用多元线性回归逐步淘汰法识别跌倒的独立因素。结果跌倒者振动感降低,踝关节复位误差较大,背屈肌和跖屈肌强度较弱,背屈和跖屈反应时间较慢(均p < 0.05)。在多变量回归中,跖屈关节复位误差较大(β = 0.454, p
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引用次数: 0
Effects of unstable loads and surfaces on core and lower limb muscle activation during Bulgarian squats. 保加利亚深蹲时不稳定负荷和表面对核心和下肢肌肉激活的影响。
IF 1.4 4区 医学 Q3 ORTHOPEDICS Pub Date : 2026-01-09 DOI: 10.1177/10538127251406954
Seonghwan Moon, Gaeun Seo, Jiwon Lee, Wenyan Li, Il-Young Yu, Tae-Gyu Kim

Background: Unstable training surfaces and loads are often used to enhance neuromuscular activation, but their comparative effects on core and lower limb muscle activity during unilateral exercises remain unclear. Objective: To compare the effects of Bulgarian split squats performed under unstable surface conditions (USC) and unstable load conditions (ULC) on core and lower extremity muscle activation. Methods: Twenty-one physically active adults performed Bulgarian split squats under three conditions: stable condition (SC), USC using a balance pad, and ULC using a water-filled aqua bag. Surface electromyography (EMG) measured muscle activation during both descending and ascending phases. Data were normalized to %MVIC and analyzed using repeated measures ANOVA or non-parametric tests depending on data normality. Results: USC significantly increased core (rectus abdominis, external oblique, internal oblique, erector spinae) and selected lower limb muscle (gluteus maximus, gluteus medius, biceps femoris) activation compared to SC (p < .05). ULC elicited the greatest activation across both phases (p < .001). No significant differences were found in vastus lateralis and vastus medialis among conditions. Conclusions: Bulgarian split squats with unstable loads result in greater activation of core and selected lower limb muscles than unstable surfaces or stable conditions. Unstable load training may be an effective method to enhance muscular activation and stability in unilateral lower body exercises.Clinical trial registrationKCT0009349 (approval date: April 19, 2024).

背景:不稳定的训练表面和负荷常用于增强神经肌肉的激活,但它们在单侧运动中对核心肌和下肢肌活动的比较效果尚不清楚。目的:比较在不稳定表面条件(USC)和不稳定负荷条件(ULC)下进行的保加利亚分深蹲对核心和下肢肌肉激活的影响。方法:21名身体活跃的成年人在三种条件下进行保加利亚分深蹲:稳定状态(SC), USC使用平衡垫,ULC使用装满水的水袋。表面肌电图(EMG)测量了下降和上升阶段的肌肉激活。将数据归一化为%MVIC,并根据数据正态性使用重复测量ANOVA或非参数检验进行分析。结果:与SC相比,USC显著增加了核心(腹直肌、外斜肌、内斜肌、直肌)和部分下肢肌肉(臀大肌、臀中肌、股二头肌)的激活(p结论:保加利亚分深蹲在不稳定负荷下比不稳定表面或稳定条件下导致核心和部分下肢肌肉的激活更大。不稳定负荷训练可能是单侧下肢运动中增强肌肉激活和稳定性的有效方法。临床试验注册kct0009349(批准日期:2024年4月19日)。
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引用次数: 0
MRI and histological features of supraspinatus tendon degeneration in rotator cuff tears: An underexplored perspective. 肩袖撕裂的冈上肌腱退变的MRI和组织学特征:一个未充分探索的视角。
IF 1.4 4区 医学 Q3 ORTHOPEDICS Pub Date : 2026-01-08 DOI: 10.1177/10538127251412238
P Bhavadharani, Vidya Chikkarahalli Srikantaiah, V Sheshagiri, H T Srinivas, Vidya Gowdappa Doddawad

BackgroundThe supraspinatus muscle and tendon are an integral part of shoulder joint function and stability. The supraspinatus tendon is one of the four tendons forming the rotator cuff in the shoulder. Supraspinatus tendon tear is a frequent lesion that occurs due to various causes like lifting heavy objects, falls onto the shoulder, a dislocation of the shoulder, swimming, trauma, sports injury, occupational activity and degenerative change. Smoking, hypercholesterolemia, and hereditary predisposition are all established risk factors for developing RC tears, which affect the age dependent tendon degeneration process. Only a few articles were found discussing the histological characteristics of degenerative change of the supraspinatus tendon in rotator cuff tears.ObjectiveTo evaluate the histological characteristics of degenerative changes in the supraspinatus tendon associated with rotator cuff tears.MethodsRotator cuff disease is a major cause of shoulder pain and shoulder dysfunction in adults; not every patient is symptomatic, though. We examined morphological features of human surgical specimens of the supraspinatus tendon in patients with full thickness tears of the rotator cuff.ResultsHistological analysis of the surgical specimen revealed significant degenerative changes, including disorganization and tearing of the collagen fiber bundles, sparingly distributed, rounded tenocytes, and increased vascularity (neovascularization) within the tendon matrix.ConclusionThese findings provide direct evidence of intrinsic tendon degeneration as a key pathological factor in full thickness rotator cuff tears, which may be helpful for future research on the pathophysiology of the condition.

冈上肌和肌腱是肩关节功能和稳定性的重要组成部分。冈上肌腱是形成肩袖的四根肌腱之一。冈上肌腱撕裂是一种常见的病变,发生的原因多种多样,如搬运重物,落肩,肩部脱位,游泳,创伤,运动损伤,职业活动和退行性变化。吸烟、高胆固醇血症和遗传易感性都是发生RC撕裂的危险因素,RC撕裂影响年龄依赖性肌腱变性过程。只有少数文章讨论了肩袖撕裂后冈上肌腱退行性改变的组织学特征。目的探讨肩袖撕裂后冈上肌腱退行性改变的组织学特点。方法肩袖疾病是成人肩关节疼痛和肩关节功能障碍的主要原因;但并不是每个病人都有症状。我们检查了人类手术标本冈上肌腱的形态特征,病人的全层撕裂的肩袖。结果手术标本的组织学分析显示明显的退行性改变,包括胶原纤维束的破坏和撕裂,稀疏分布,肌腱细胞圆形,肌腱基质内血管性增加(新生血管)。结论本研究结果直接证明了肌腱内变性是全层肩袖撕裂的关键病理因素,为进一步研究该疾病的病理生理机制提供了依据。
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Journal of Back and Musculoskeletal Rehabilitation
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