Aqueous thickeners play an important role in both functional and sensory aspects of cosmetic formulas. We report our attempts to use microgels as intelligent aqueous thickeners and quantify the texture of the cosmetic, by using the rheological properties. Agar microgel dispersion prepared from agar bulk-gel was then granulated by a high-speed mixer (5000 rpm). Another microgel was created with an inverse microemulsion polymerization system. The thickening effect of the microgel prepared by using this system was higher than that of the agar microgel. The flow characteristic parameters of the microgels were analyzed by using the Herschel-Bulkley equation. The power index n in the H-B eq. revealed that both the microgels were expected to give a refreshing-feeling. Flow properties of cosmetic lotions, containing various kinds of aqueous thickeners, were studied by creep measurement, and parameters were calculated from their rheological data based on the empirical Nutting equation. There was some correlation between the time dependency parameter a and some sensory evaluation points, as assessed by human panels. Simple linear regression analysis revealed that the evaluation scores of slimy-feeling, sticky-feeling, refreshing-feeling, and penetrating-feeling cosmetic lotions could be reduced to numerical data by the parameter a. This quantification method for the texture of cosmetic products will be a useful tool for efficient development of cosmetic formulas.
{"title":"Rheology Control of Cosmetics Using Aqueous Tickeners","authors":"Ayano Nakamura","doi":"10.5107/SCCJ.52.251","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5107/SCCJ.52.251","url":null,"abstract":"Aqueous thickeners play an important role in both functional and sensory aspects of cosmetic formulas. We report our attempts to use microgels as intelligent aqueous thickeners and quantify the texture of the cosmetic, by using the rheological properties. Agar microgel dispersion prepared from agar bulk-gel was then granulated by a high-speed mixer (5000 rpm). Another microgel was created with an inverse microemulsion polymerization system. The thickening effect of the microgel prepared by using this system was higher than that of the agar microgel. The flow characteristic parameters of the microgels were analyzed by using the Herschel-Bulkley equation. The power index n in the H-B eq. revealed that both the microgels were expected to give a refreshing-feeling. Flow properties of cosmetic lotions, containing various kinds of aqueous thickeners, were studied by creep measurement, and parameters were calculated from their rheological data based on the empirical Nutting equation. There was some correlation between the time dependency parameter a and some sensory evaluation points, as assessed by human panels. Simple linear regression analysis revealed that the evaluation scores of slimy-feeling, sticky-feeling, refreshing-feeling, and penetrating-feeling cosmetic lotions could be reduced to numerical data by the parameter a. This quantification method for the texture of cosmetic products will be a useful tool for efficient development of cosmetic formulas.","PeriodicalId":152932,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Society of Cosmetic Chemists of Japan","volume":"35 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-12-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"129777515","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
N. Yoshida, Masamitsu Urakawa, Atsushi Oodaira, M. Goto
Oatmeal is the food product resulting from the grinding or rolling of oat grain (Avena sativa L.) (which is thus crushed into thin flakes)after dehulling. Further, the finely milled product is referred to as colloidal oatmeal (COM). Oat grain has natural phytochemicals such as phenolic compounds, tocols, and polysaccharides. They lead to anti-irritancy, redness reduction and moisturization effects for humans. For that reason, COM was traditionally used as a bath treatment or skincare ingredient in Europe and the United States. In this research, we compared extruded colloidal oatmeal (ExtCOM)which added a hydrothermal process before fine milling and ordinary COM in terms of particle size distribution, b -glucan content and DPPH radical quenching activity. As a result, ExtCOM has a smaller particle size and enhanced content of both b -glucan and antioxidant elucidated in water. We concluded that the difference is due to the extrusion process, which affects mainly the physiological structure of oat grain. This result is expected to strongly improve the bioavailability of COM as a healthcare ingredient.
{"title":"Research on the Advanced Bioavailability of Extruded Colloidal Oatmeal","authors":"N. Yoshida, Masamitsu Urakawa, Atsushi Oodaira, M. Goto","doi":"10.5107/SCCJ.52.269","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5107/SCCJ.52.269","url":null,"abstract":"Oatmeal is the food product resulting from the grinding or rolling of oat grain (Avena sativa L.) (which is thus crushed into thin flakes)after dehulling. Further, the finely milled product is referred to as colloidal oatmeal (COM). Oat grain has natural phytochemicals such as phenolic compounds, tocols, and polysaccharides. They lead to anti-irritancy, redness reduction and moisturization effects for humans. For that reason, COM was traditionally used as a bath treatment or skincare ingredient in Europe and the United States. In this research, we compared extruded colloidal oatmeal (ExtCOM)which added a hydrothermal process before fine milling and ordinary COM in terms of particle size distribution, b -glucan content and DPPH radical quenching activity. As a result, ExtCOM has a smaller particle size and enhanced content of both b -glucan and antioxidant elucidated in water. We concluded that the difference is due to the extrusion process, which affects mainly the physiological structure of oat grain. This result is expected to strongly improve the bioavailability of COM as a healthcare ingredient.","PeriodicalId":152932,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Society of Cosmetic Chemists of Japan","volume":"29 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-12-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"115065514","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Kei Watanabe, M. Nishida, Kanako Nishimura, Yoriko Mune, Yuji Matsushita, Ayano Nakamura, K. Tsuchiya, H. Sakai, H. Hoffmann
The formation of micellar solutions with hydrophilic surfactants is generally used to include oily substances into transparent water-based formulae. However, a restriction exists on hydrophilic surfactants due to their sticky feeling arising from long hydrophilic groups. We found a stable transparent dispersion of a lipophilic polyether-modified silicone （ PEMS ） in combination with an ionic surfactant by a certain procedure. Various analyses revealed that it is a 10 ─ 100 nm sized vesicle ／ micelle complex consisting of bi-molecular membranes. Although there are several reports on the vesicle formation of PEMS, the practical stability has been insufficient because of the high fluidity of the membrane. The present vesicle ／ micelle complex can solubilize silicone oils, which have been considered difficult, resulting in a feature of good spreadability onto sur-faces. In addition to that, it shows a non-sticky, highly permeable feeling owing to the formation of a lamellar liquid crystalline phase by a water evaporation on application despite the high glycerol concentration. The present moisturizing lotion fulfilled mutually exclusive events of high skin hydration to prepare for future skincare items ： a moisturizing lotion with an important func-tion and a highly comfortable texture.
{"title":"High Skin Hydration and Comfortable Texture of a Moisturizing Lotion Fulfilled by Controlling the Phase Sequence of a Vesicle/Micelle Complex","authors":"Kei Watanabe, M. Nishida, Kanako Nishimura, Yoriko Mune, Yuji Matsushita, Ayano Nakamura, K. Tsuchiya, H. Sakai, H. Hoffmann","doi":"10.5107/SCCJ.52.260","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5107/SCCJ.52.260","url":null,"abstract":"The formation of micellar solutions with hydrophilic surfactants is generally used to include oily substances into transparent water-based formulae. However, a restriction exists on hydrophilic surfactants due to their sticky feeling arising from long hydrophilic groups. We found a stable transparent dispersion of a lipophilic polyether-modified silicone （ PEMS ） in combination with an ionic surfactant by a certain procedure. Various analyses revealed that it is a 10 ─ 100 nm sized vesicle ／ micelle complex consisting of bi-molecular membranes. Although there are several reports on the vesicle formation of PEMS, the practical stability has been insufficient because of the high fluidity of the membrane. The present vesicle ／ micelle complex can solubilize silicone oils, which have been considered difficult, resulting in a feature of good spreadability onto sur-faces. In addition to that, it shows a non-sticky, highly permeable feeling owing to the formation of a lamellar liquid crystalline phase by a water evaporation on application despite the high glycerol concentration. The present moisturizing lotion fulfilled mutually exclusive events of high skin hydration to prepare for future skincare items ： a moisturizing lotion with an important func-tion and a highly comfortable texture.","PeriodicalId":152932,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Society of Cosmetic Chemists of Japan","volume":"162 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-12-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"123394758","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Misaki Doi, Sayaka Nakamura, N. Taira, Y. Katsuyama, H. Masaki, M. Yoshioka
Ascorbic acid （ AsA ） is well-known as a multifunctional water soluble vitamin that shows anti-pigmentation effects in epidermal melanocytes and stimulates collagen synthesis in dermal fibro-blasts. However, AsA has some disadvantages in cosmetic formulations since it is quite unstable in aqueous solutions and emulsions. To improve the stability of AsA in cosmetic formulations, we developed a novel AsA derivative, bis-glyceryl ascorbate （ VC-DG ） , which introduces 2 glycerol groups into AsA, and confirmed that VC-DG has a higher stability than AsA and maintains its bioactivities as well as AsA. In this study, we evaluated the skin moisturizing effects of VC-DG focusing on the cornified cell envelope （ CE ） to develop its unique biological activities. As the re-sults, VC-DG up-regulated the mRNA and protein expression levels of CE-related substances, such as involucrin, loricrin and transglutaminase-1, which in turn significantly increased CE formation in normal human epidermal keratinocytes. Additionally, topical application of VC-DG increased the protein expression levels of involucrin, loricrin and transglutaminase-1 in the spi-nous and ／ or granular cell layers of reconstructed human epidermal equivalents. In a human vol-unteer test, the application of VC-DG increased the skin surface water content. Therefore, we consider VC-DG to be an effective ingredient that improves skin hydration through enhancing CE formation.
{"title":"Skin Moisturizing Effect through the Stimulation of the Cornified Cell Envelope Formation by Bis-Glyceryl Ascorbate","authors":"Misaki Doi, Sayaka Nakamura, N. Taira, Y. Katsuyama, H. Masaki, M. Yoshioka","doi":"10.5107/SCCJ.52.275","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5107/SCCJ.52.275","url":null,"abstract":"Ascorbic acid （ AsA ） is well-known as a multifunctional water soluble vitamin that shows anti-pigmentation effects in epidermal melanocytes and stimulates collagen synthesis in dermal fibro-blasts. However, AsA has some disadvantages in cosmetic formulations since it is quite unstable in aqueous solutions and emulsions. To improve the stability of AsA in cosmetic formulations, we developed a novel AsA derivative, bis-glyceryl ascorbate （ VC-DG ） , which introduces 2 glycerol groups into AsA, and confirmed that VC-DG has a higher stability than AsA and maintains its bioactivities as well as AsA. In this study, we evaluated the skin moisturizing effects of VC-DG focusing on the cornified cell envelope （ CE ） to develop its unique biological activities. As the re-sults, VC-DG up-regulated the mRNA and protein expression levels of CE-related substances, such as involucrin, loricrin and transglutaminase-1, which in turn significantly increased CE formation in normal human epidermal keratinocytes. Additionally, topical application of VC-DG increased the protein expression levels of involucrin, loricrin and transglutaminase-1 in the spi-nous and ／ or granular cell layers of reconstructed human epidermal equivalents. In a human vol-unteer test, the application of VC-DG increased the skin surface water content. Therefore, we consider VC-DG to be an effective ingredient that improves skin hydration through enhancing CE formation.","PeriodicalId":152932,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Society of Cosmetic Chemists of Japan","volume":"5 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-12-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"133375742","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Effects of Basic Massage Techniques in Head Spa on Mind and Body","authors":"T. Mannari, Kazunari Toda, Ogawa Shunsuke, Chisato Sato, Reiko Nakashima, Hiroshi Hosokawa, Hideo Ohnishi","doi":"10.5107/SCCJ.52.187","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5107/SCCJ.52.187","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":152932,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Society of Cosmetic Chemists of Japan","volume":"254 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-09-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"117348144","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"The Rule of the “Lovely Face”","authors":"S. Ueda","doi":"10.5107/SCCJ.52.179","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5107/SCCJ.52.179","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":152932,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Society of Cosmetic Chemists of Japan","volume":"19 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-09-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"130909064","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Development of a Powder with Water-Resistance and Easy-Wash-Off Properties Using Poly (Trimethylene Carbonate) Derivatives and Its Application to Cosmetics","authors":"C. Iwamoto, Ai Oyama, Takayuki Kumei, J. Watanabe","doi":"10.5107/SCCJ.52.197","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5107/SCCJ.52.197","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":152932,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Society of Cosmetic Chemists of Japan","volume":"24 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-09-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"126911924","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
With the evolution of society and the increasing trend of the philosophy of universal design, there is a demand for easy-to-use, comfortable, safety and health products for various types of users. Many universal design products have been developed based on ergonomics. However, many products are still not suitable for the users. The target users of universal design are not lim-ited to the elderly and disabled people. The barriers of individual differences in physiological and mental functions, knowledge and experience, cultures, languages, and lifestyles of users must be removed for making universal design products suitable for all users. The term “ universal design ” is defined as the design that aims to satisfy various users, in a fair and equitable manner, corre-sponding to their varied needs. Therefore, methods were developed to measure human physiological and mental characteristics and the needs of users. The human data acquired by such methods are indispensable for applying the design values of a universally usable product. The database comprising these human data was obtained to determine these design value. However, the raw data cited from this database should be converted into information that can be used for creating the appropriate design. Further, methods should be developed for interpreting and transforming such data, and the process of resolution should be clarified to apply the appropriate design values.
{"title":"Design Based on an Understanding of Human Characteristics","authors":"A. Okada","doi":"10.5107/SCCJ.52.85","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5107/SCCJ.52.85","url":null,"abstract":"With the evolution of society and the increasing trend of the philosophy of universal design, there is a demand for easy-to-use, comfortable, safety and health products for various types of users. Many universal design products have been developed based on ergonomics. However, many products are still not suitable for the users. The target users of universal design are not lim-ited to the elderly and disabled people. The barriers of individual differences in physiological and mental functions, knowledge and experience, cultures, languages, and lifestyles of users must be removed for making universal design products suitable for all users. The term “ universal design ” is defined as the design that aims to satisfy various users, in a fair and equitable manner, corre-sponding to their varied needs. Therefore, methods were developed to measure human physiological and mental characteristics and the needs of users. The human data acquired by such methods are indispensable for applying the design values of a universally usable product. The database comprising these human data was obtained to determine these design value. However, the raw data cited from this database should be converted into information that can be used for creating the appropriate design. Further, methods should be developed for interpreting and transforming such data, and the process of resolution should be clarified to apply the appropriate design values.","PeriodicalId":152932,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Society of Cosmetic Chemists of Japan","volume":"14 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-06-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"134054531","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
N e -lauroyl lysine is an organic powder that is sparingly soluble in many kinds of cosmetic media. It is well known as a beneficial ingredient in various cosmetic applications ； its excellent lu-bricity, water-repellency and non-greasy emolliency make it an ideal ingredient especially for makeups. However, its use in liquid formulations has been restricted because its inherent hydro-phobicity makes it difficult to disperse in aqueous media. We developed derivatives of N e -lauroyl lysine to find a compound soluble in water, and studied its characteristics as a cosmetic ingredient. New bis （ N e -lauroyl lysine ） derivatives, which have gemini-type surfactant structures, composed of two N e -lauroyl lysines linked by alkylene chains of various lengths, were synthesized, and their properties in aqueous media were examined. We observed that a compound with an alkylene chain length of C10 （ labeled GE-10-LL ） formed hydrogel structured by a three-dimensional nanofiber network over a pH range of 5.0 ─ 7.0. Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy measurements re-vealed that GE-10-LL worked as a low molecular gelator, resulting in the formation of self-assem-bled nanofibers through hydrogen bonding. Additionally, GE-10-LL was observed to be an effec-tive foam booster for various foaming surfactants, and to be a sensory modifier with beneficial characteristics of the original N e -lauroyl lysine. In addition, GE-10-LL can easily form multilamellar vesicles （ MLVs ） with sterol ester. These MLVs can be prepared by stirring spontaneously, and they could encapsulate water-soluble active ingredients. We measured the penetration of MLVs into the stratum corneum using in vivo confocal Raman spectroscopy.
月桂酰赖氨酸是一种有机粉末，在许多化妆品介质中很少溶解。众所周知，它是各种化妆品应用中的有益成分;其优异的润滑性，疏水性和不油腻的润肤性使其成为化妆品的理想成分。然而，它在液体配方中的使用受到限制，因为其固有的疏水性使其难以在水介质中分散。我们开发了N -月桂酰赖氨酸的衍生物，找到了一种可溶于水的化合物，并研究了其作为化妆品成分的特性。合成了由两个不同长度的烷基链连接的N -月桂酰赖氨酸组成的双(N - e -月桂酰赖氨酸)新型双(N - e -月桂酰赖氨酸)表面活性剂，并对其在水介质中的性能进行了研究。我们观察到烷基烯链长为C10的化合物(标记为GE-10-LL)在pH值为5.0─7.0的条件下形成了三维纳米纤维网络结构的水凝胶。傅里叶变换红外光谱测量表明，GE-10-LL作为低分子凝胶剂，通过氢键形成自组装的纳米纤维。此外，GE-10-LL是多种发泡表面活性剂的有效增泡剂，是一种具有原N -月桂酰赖氨酸有益特性的感官改性剂。此外，GE-10-LL可以与甾醇酯形成多层囊泡(MLVs)。这些mlv可以通过自发搅拌制备，并且可以包封水溶性活性成分。我们使用体内共聚焦拉曼光谱测量了mlv对角质层的渗透。
{"title":"New Water Soluble Lauroyl Lysine Derivative and Its Unique Physicochemical Properties for Cosmetics Applications","authors":"S. Kobayashi, K. Tobita, E. Oshimura","doi":"10.5107/SCCJ.52.92","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5107/SCCJ.52.92","url":null,"abstract":"N e -lauroyl lysine is an organic powder that is sparingly soluble in many kinds of cosmetic media. It is well known as a beneficial ingredient in various cosmetic applications ； its excellent lu-bricity, water-repellency and non-greasy emolliency make it an ideal ingredient especially for makeups. However, its use in liquid formulations has been restricted because its inherent hydro-phobicity makes it difficult to disperse in aqueous media. We developed derivatives of N e -lauroyl lysine to find a compound soluble in water, and studied its characteristics as a cosmetic ingredient. New bis （ N e -lauroyl lysine ） derivatives, which have gemini-type surfactant structures, composed of two N e -lauroyl lysines linked by alkylene chains of various lengths, were synthesized, and their properties in aqueous media were examined. We observed that a compound with an alkylene chain length of C10 （ labeled GE-10-LL ） formed hydrogel structured by a three-dimensional nanofiber network over a pH range of 5.0 ─ 7.0. Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy measurements re-vealed that GE-10-LL worked as a low molecular gelator, resulting in the formation of self-assem-bled nanofibers through hydrogen bonding. Additionally, GE-10-LL was observed to be an effec-tive foam booster for various foaming surfactants, and to be a sensory modifier with beneficial characteristics of the original N e -lauroyl lysine. In addition, GE-10-LL can easily form multilamellar vesicles （ MLVs ） with sterol ester. These MLVs can be prepared by stirring spontaneously, and they could encapsulate water-soluble active ingredients. We measured the penetration of MLVs into the stratum corneum using in vivo confocal Raman spectroscopy.","PeriodicalId":152932,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Society of Cosmetic Chemists of Japan","volume":"127 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-06-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"114311041","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Hair is one of the factors that determine the impression of a person. However, there has not been enough research regarding the change in the impression on people given by the presence of hair gloss or the difference in hair brightness. In this study, we conducted experiments using 9 combi-nations of hair gloss and brightness and 25 positive evaluation words （ 15 impression words and 10 texture words ） to quantitatively measure the impression of different glosses and degrees of brightness of hair, and analyzed the obtained scores using two-factor ANOVA and factor analysis. As a result, it was shown that when the hair gloss went up, ratings for most evaluation words became higher. When the brightness rose, however, ratings for some impression words became lower. In the four-factor model indicated by covariance structure analysis, gloss explains factors including tactile texture words and feminine evaluation words, whereas brightness explains factors including visual texture words and freshness evaluation words. Clarifying the effects of hair gloss and brightness on the impression of a person will enable us to match haircare products more accurately to the appearance that consumers desire to achieve.
{"title":"Effects of Hair Gloss and Brightness on Impression","authors":"Aoike Hiroki, Ikutaro Fuchigami, Hiroto Kamijo, Hiroshi Hosokawa, Soyogu Matsushita, K. Morikawa","doi":"10.5107/SCCJ.52.105","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5107/SCCJ.52.105","url":null,"abstract":"Hair is one of the factors that determine the impression of a person. However, there has not been enough research regarding the change in the impression on people given by the presence of hair gloss or the difference in hair brightness. In this study, we conducted experiments using 9 combi-nations of hair gloss and brightness and 25 positive evaluation words （ 15 impression words and 10 texture words ） to quantitatively measure the impression of different glosses and degrees of brightness of hair, and analyzed the obtained scores using two-factor ANOVA and factor analysis. As a result, it was shown that when the hair gloss went up, ratings for most evaluation words became higher. When the brightness rose, however, ratings for some impression words became lower. In the four-factor model indicated by covariance structure analysis, gloss explains factors including tactile texture words and feminine evaluation words, whereas brightness explains factors including visual texture words and freshness evaluation words. Clarifying the effects of hair gloss and brightness on the impression of a person will enable us to match haircare products more accurately to the appearance that consumers desire to achieve.","PeriodicalId":152932,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Society of Cosmetic Chemists of Japan","volume":"47 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-06-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"134324089","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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