Pub Date : 2023-10-21DOI: 10.25163/angiotherapy.719348
Since the advent of the cholesterol hypothesis of atherosclerosis, cholesterol has been perceived by the world community as a great evil. However, normally cholesterol is an important component of the plasma membrane, as well as a participant in the signaling of bile acids, steroid hormones and vitamin D synthesis, and its deficiency has negative consequences. There is a much wider understanding of the negative effects of excess cholesterol. The pathogenesis of atherosclerosis, and hence all its negative consequences, such as myocardial infarction, Peripheral artery disease, stroke, etc., is inextricably linked with cholesterol. However, it is no longer entirely correct to perceive cholesterol as an unambiguous evil. So, for example, the indicator "total cholesterol" does not have the clinical significance that has been attributed to it for decades. Today we have a challenge to measure cholesterol and assess its pathogenicity. In this review, we collected data on current approaches to measuring cholesterol in the context of its relationship with atherosclerosis.
{"title":"The way of cholesterol in atherogenesis: from the main enemy to complex biomarkers","authors":"","doi":"10.25163/angiotherapy.719348","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.25163/angiotherapy.719348","url":null,"abstract":"Since the advent of the cholesterol hypothesis of atherosclerosis, cholesterol has been perceived by the world community as a great evil. However, normally cholesterol is an important component of the plasma membrane, as well as a participant in the signaling of bile acids, steroid hormones and vitamin D synthesis, and its deficiency has negative consequences. There is a much wider understanding of the negative effects of excess cholesterol. The pathogenesis of atherosclerosis, and hence all its negative consequences, such as myocardial infarction, Peripheral artery disease, stroke, etc., is inextricably linked with cholesterol. However, it is no longer entirely correct to perceive cholesterol as an unambiguous evil. So, for example, the indicator \"total cholesterol\" does not have the clinical significance that has been attributed to it for decades. Today we have a challenge to measure cholesterol and assess its pathogenicity. In this review, we collected data on current approaches to measuring cholesterol in the context of its relationship with atherosclerosis.","PeriodicalId":154960,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Angiotherapy","volume":"39 9","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-10-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135513752","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-10-21DOI: 10.25163/angiotherapy.719351
The most prevalent phytoconstituents of medicinal and aromatic plants are phenols and flavonoids, which are responsible for antioxidant activity. This study aims to determine the total phenolic content (TPC), total flavonoid content (TFC), and free radical scavenging activity of Calophyllum gracilentum, an understudied Calophyllum species with very limited information. The stem bark extracts were prepared and examined for TPC assay by Folin–Ciocalteu method, while the TFC of the extracts was determined using aluminium chloride colorimetric method and the antioxidant activity was evaluated by free radical scavenging activity using 1,2-diphenyl-2-pricrylhydrazyl (DPPH). The extracts showed methanolic extracts exhibited the highest TPC and TFC with the value of 1542.40 ± 0.0246 mg GAE/g extract and 451.70 ± 0.0003 mg quercetin equivalents (QE)/g extract, respectively. Meanwhile, DPPH scavenging activity data revealed that all extracts had IC50 values ranging from 44.17 1.26 g/mL to 162.61 2.24 g/mL, with the methanolic extract for C. gracilentum having the highest antioxidant activity with IC50 values of 44.17 1.26 g/mL. The TPC and TFC assays showed that C. gracilentum extracts possess a substantial to moderate phenolic and flavonoid content, while the DPPH free radical scavenging assay revealed that the extracts have strong antioxidant activity. The results demonstrate that C. gracilentum contains a high concentration of phenolic and flavonoid chemicals. These discoveries could have significant implications for the prospective use of these plants in traditional medicine and as natural antioxidant sources.
{"title":"Antioxidant Potential of Calophyllum gracilentum: A Study on Total Phenolic Content, Total Flavonoid Content, and Free Radical Scavenging Activities","authors":"","doi":"10.25163/angiotherapy.719351","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.25163/angiotherapy.719351","url":null,"abstract":"The most prevalent phytoconstituents of medicinal and aromatic plants are phenols and flavonoids, which are responsible for antioxidant activity. This study aims to determine the total phenolic content (TPC), total flavonoid content (TFC), and free radical scavenging activity of Calophyllum gracilentum, an understudied Calophyllum species with very limited information. The stem bark extracts were prepared and examined for TPC assay by Folin–Ciocalteu method, while the TFC of the extracts was determined using aluminium chloride colorimetric method and the antioxidant activity was evaluated by free radical scavenging activity using 1,2-diphenyl-2-pricrylhydrazyl (DPPH). The extracts showed methanolic extracts exhibited the highest TPC and TFC with the value of 1542.40 ± 0.0246 mg GAE/g extract and 451.70 ± 0.0003 mg quercetin equivalents (QE)/g extract, respectively. Meanwhile, DPPH scavenging activity data revealed that all extracts had IC50 values ranging from 44.17 1.26 g/mL to 162.61 2.24 g/mL, with the methanolic extract for C. gracilentum having the highest antioxidant activity with IC50 values of 44.17 1.26 g/mL. The TPC and TFC assays showed that C. gracilentum extracts possess a substantial to moderate phenolic and flavonoid content, while the DPPH free radical scavenging assay revealed that the extracts have strong antioxidant activity. The results demonstrate that C. gracilentum contains a high concentration of phenolic and flavonoid chemicals. These discoveries could have significant implications for the prospective use of these plants in traditional medicine and as natural antioxidant sources.","PeriodicalId":154960,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Angiotherapy","volume":"462 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-10-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135513751","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-08-12DOI: 10.25163/angiotherapy.717339
Background: The genus Calophyllum and its species has received great research interest for their phytochemical content and therapeutic potential. Said interest was sparked by the discovery of compounds with anti-HIV activities in one of its extracts and the genus has since been studied for potential in treating other morbidities. Generally, species under the genus contain various coumarins, xanthones, triterpenoids, steroids, and chromanones. Extracts with said bioactive compounds can be obtained from all plant parts. This review aims to elucidate the anti-cancer activities of Calophyllum extracts and their potential in cancer treatment. Results: Independent in-vitro studies of the extracts on various cell lines have revealed the chemotherapeutic potential of the genus as shown by their cytotoxic, anti-cancer, and antitumor-promoting activities. Leukemic cancer cell lines, the most studied cell lines, have been shown to be the most sensitive to perturbations by Calophyllum extracts and compounds. Conclusion: Calophyllum-derived extracts and compounds have shown promising activities against cancer cell lines, particularly leukemic cancers. The presence of prenyl moiety at C-6 and the position of the hydroxy group and hydrophobic prenyl in the compounds have been attributed to their cytotoxicity. These findings are useful in providing leads in producing naturally derived anti-cancer medication and developing potent analogs for the same purpose.
{"title":"A review of the effects of Calophyllum spp. on cancer cells","authors":"","doi":"10.25163/angiotherapy.717339","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.25163/angiotherapy.717339","url":null,"abstract":"Background: The genus Calophyllum and its species has received great research interest for their phytochemical content and therapeutic potential. Said interest was sparked by the discovery of compounds with anti-HIV activities in one of its extracts and the genus has since been studied for potential in treating other morbidities. Generally, species under the genus contain various coumarins, xanthones, triterpenoids, steroids, and chromanones. Extracts with said bioactive compounds can be obtained from all plant parts. This review aims to elucidate the anti-cancer activities of Calophyllum extracts and their potential in cancer treatment. Results: Independent in-vitro studies of the extracts on various cell lines have revealed the chemotherapeutic potential of the genus as shown by their cytotoxic, anti-cancer, and antitumor-promoting activities. Leukemic cancer cell lines, the most studied cell lines, have been shown to be the most sensitive to perturbations by Calophyllum extracts and compounds. Conclusion: Calophyllum-derived extracts and compounds have shown promising activities against cancer cell lines, particularly leukemic cancers. The presence of prenyl moiety at C-6 and the position of the hydroxy group and hydrophobic prenyl in the compounds have been attributed to their cytotoxicity. These findings are useful in providing leads in producing naturally derived anti-cancer medication and developing potent analogs for the same purpose.","PeriodicalId":154960,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Angiotherapy","volume":"57 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-08-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135353949","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-08-12DOI: 10.25163/angiotherapy.717344
Background: Moringa oleifera, which is a rich plant with diverse active components, shows promising potential in cancer research, especially concerning colorectal cancer which is a major global cause of mortality. Its phytochemicals, such as flavonoids, phenolic acids, alkaloids, and glucosinolates, contribute to its antioxidant and anti-inflammatory properties, making it a compelling subject of investigation in various fields, including its potential role in combating colorectal cancer. Methods: This narrative review was conducted by starting with determining the targeted topics for our research. This was then used as keywords which focused on Moringa oleifera's effect on colorectal cancer. The keywords used were: cancer, colorectal cancer, angiogenesis, natural products in cancer and angiogenesis, MO plant, MO as a medicinal plant, MO active component, MO therapeutic potential, and MO effectiveness against colorectal cancer including its leaves, seeds, fruit, and root. After that data was collected from more than 99 articles to identify, summarize, and reflect the target of the research to approve the multiple unique and promising effectiveness of MO against colorectal cancer. Results: Research indicates that extracts from different parts of the Moringa plant, such as seeds, leaves, fruits, and roots, exhibit anticancer effects on various colorectal cancer cell lines through diverse mechanisms. The ability of Moringa oleifera as anticancer relies on its phytochemicals, especially antioxidant phenols such as gallic acid, chlorogenic acid, rutin, apigenin, astragalin, quercetin, and kaempferol. Conclusion: This review thoroughly explores the impact of different parts of Moringa oleifera (leaves, fruits, seeds, roots) on various colorectal cancer cell lines. It confirms the effects of Moringa in regulating cell proliferation, inducing apoptosis, generating reactive oxygen species, and/or modulating the cell cycle. However, the review has not yet definitively confirmed the specific anti-angiogenesis mechanism of Moringa in combatting colorectal cancer. Further research is required to fully elucidate this aspect of its potential in cancer treatment.
{"title":"Moringa oleifera's Effect on Colorectal Cancer","authors":"","doi":"10.25163/angiotherapy.717344","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.25163/angiotherapy.717344","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Moringa oleifera, which is a rich plant with diverse active components, shows promising potential in cancer research, especially concerning colorectal cancer which is a major global cause of mortality. Its phytochemicals, such as flavonoids, phenolic acids, alkaloids, and glucosinolates, contribute to its antioxidant and anti-inflammatory properties, making it a compelling subject of investigation in various fields, including its potential role in combating colorectal cancer. Methods: This narrative review was conducted by starting with determining the targeted topics for our research. This was then used as keywords which focused on Moringa oleifera's effect on colorectal cancer. The keywords used were: cancer, colorectal cancer, angiogenesis, natural products in cancer and angiogenesis, MO plant, MO as a medicinal plant, MO active component, MO therapeutic potential, and MO effectiveness against colorectal cancer including its leaves, seeds, fruit, and root. After that data was collected from more than 99 articles to identify, summarize, and reflect the target of the research to approve the multiple unique and promising effectiveness of MO against colorectal cancer. Results: Research indicates that extracts from different parts of the Moringa plant, such as seeds, leaves, fruits, and roots, exhibit anticancer effects on various colorectal cancer cell lines through diverse mechanisms. The ability of Moringa oleifera as anticancer relies on its phytochemicals, especially antioxidant phenols such as gallic acid, chlorogenic acid, rutin, apigenin, astragalin, quercetin, and kaempferol. Conclusion: This review thoroughly explores the impact of different parts of Moringa oleifera (leaves, fruits, seeds, roots) on various colorectal cancer cell lines. It confirms the effects of Moringa in regulating cell proliferation, inducing apoptosis, generating reactive oxygen species, and/or modulating the cell cycle. However, the review has not yet definitively confirmed the specific anti-angiogenesis mechanism of Moringa in combatting colorectal cancer. Further research is required to fully elucidate this aspect of its potential in cancer treatment.","PeriodicalId":154960,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Angiotherapy","volume":"12 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-08-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135353947","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-07-29DOI: 10.25163/angiotherapy.717335
Anmar R. Raheem, Omar F. Abdul-Rasheed, O. Khattab, Ahmed Z. Abdulhameed, H. Abid
Background: Cyclin D1, a key oncoprotein, promotes cancer cell proliferation and is linked to tamoxifen resistance in breast cancer. CA15-3, a carbohydrate-containing protein antigen of the transmembrane glycoprotein MUC-1, initially appeared to inhibit tumor cell lysis and reduce cell-cell interactions. Still, limited clinical reports are available to assess their role in early detection of breast cancer. Thus, the current study sought to investigate the diagnostic and differential efficacy of cyclin D1 and CA15-3 in breast cancer and benign breast tumor. This case-control study was conducted between April 2022 and January 2023. Serum samples were collected from 120 participants, including 30 patients with breast cancer, 30 patients with benign breast tumors (BBT), and 60 control subjects. Cyclin D1 and CA15-3 levels were measured using ELISA, and the diagnostic capabilities of each marker were assessed by analyzing the receiver operating characteristic curves. Results: The mean serum CA15-3 level in BC women (38.89±8.63 U/mL) was significantly higher than in BBT women (32.64±8.47 U/mL) and the control group (21.07±8.49 U/mL). The mean serum CA15-3 level in BBT women was also notably higher than that of the control group. Mean serum Cyclin D1 levels were compared between study groups: 0.85±0.15 ng/mL in BC, 0.97 ± 0.21 ng/mL in BBT, and 0.56 ± 0.14 ng/mL in the control group, with significant differences observed among the three groups. Conclusion: Elevated Cyclin D1 levels were found in both BBT and BC patients at early stages, indicating its potential use as a routine diagnostic test. CA15-3 demonstrated the highest concentration in BC patients compared to BBT and control groups, suggesting its utility in the diagnosis and screening of breast cancer.
{"title":"Diagnostic and differential efficacy of cyclin D1 and CA15-3 in breast cancer and benign breast tumors","authors":"Anmar R. Raheem, Omar F. Abdul-Rasheed, O. Khattab, Ahmed Z. Abdulhameed, H. Abid","doi":"10.25163/angiotherapy.717335","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.25163/angiotherapy.717335","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Cyclin D1, a key oncoprotein, promotes cancer cell proliferation and is linked to tamoxifen resistance in breast cancer. CA15-3, a carbohydrate-containing protein antigen of the transmembrane glycoprotein MUC-1, initially appeared to inhibit tumor cell lysis and reduce cell-cell interactions. Still, limited clinical reports are available to assess their role in early detection of breast cancer. Thus, the current study sought to investigate the diagnostic and differential efficacy of cyclin D1 and CA15-3 in breast cancer and benign breast tumor. This case-control study was conducted between April 2022 and January 2023. Serum samples were collected from 120 participants, including 30 patients with breast cancer, 30 patients with benign breast tumors (BBT), and 60 control subjects. Cyclin D1 and CA15-3 levels were measured using ELISA, and the diagnostic capabilities of each marker were assessed by analyzing the receiver operating characteristic curves. Results: The mean serum CA15-3 level in BC women (38.89±8.63 U/mL) was significantly higher than in BBT women (32.64±8.47 U/mL) and the control group (21.07±8.49 U/mL). The mean serum CA15-3 level in BBT women was also notably higher than that of the control group. Mean serum Cyclin D1 levels were compared between study groups: 0.85±0.15 ng/mL in BC, 0.97 ± 0.21 ng/mL in BBT, and 0.56 ± 0.14 ng/mL in the control group, with significant differences observed among the three groups. Conclusion: Elevated Cyclin D1 levels were found in both BBT and BC patients at early stages, indicating its potential use as a routine diagnostic test. CA15-3 demonstrated the highest concentration in BC patients compared to BBT and control groups, suggesting its utility in the diagnosis and screening of breast cancer.","PeriodicalId":154960,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Angiotherapy","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-07-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"130081616","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-07-29DOI: 10.25163/angiotherapy.717333
Schiff bases (T1-T10) were prepared from the reaction of various benzaldehyde derivatives with 3-amino-1,2,4-triazole-5-thiol in the presence of Morpholine, and all the prepared compounds were characterized using UV, FIR spectroscopy, in addition to GC-Mass, 1H-NMR for some combinations and measuring their melting points. The obtained results confirmed the validity of the proposed structures of the prepared compounds. The biological activity of all prepared compounds (T1-T10) was tested against four types of Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria. The study showed that the compound T8 inhibited Staphylococcus aureus with an IC50 of 22 µg/mL, followed by T1, T10, T2, and T3 with IC50 values of 25, 26, 33, and 33 µg/mL, respectively. In addition, T3, T10, T2, T1, and T4 had an inhibitory effect on Pseudomonas aeruginosa with IC50 values of 22, 28, 39, 44, and 50 µg/mL, respectively. T4, T2, and T5 inhibited Streptococcus mutans with IC50 values of 28, 32, and 38 µg/mL, respectively. Interestingly, T6 had the strongest inhibitory effect on Klebsiella pneumoniae with an IC50 of 15 µg/mL. The results of this study suggest that T8, T3, T4, and T6 may be potential new antibiotics for the treatment of Staphylococcus aureus, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Streptococcus mutans, and Klebsiella pneumoniae. However, further studies are needed to confirm these findings and to evaluate the safety and efficacy of these compounds in humans.
{"title":"Design, Synthesis, And Characterization Of New Schiff Bases For 3-Amino-1,2,4-Triazole-5-Thiolate Salt, Bearing Morpholine Ring And Biological Evaluation As Antibacterial Agents","authors":"","doi":"10.25163/angiotherapy.717333","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.25163/angiotherapy.717333","url":null,"abstract":"Schiff bases (T1-T10) were prepared from the reaction of various benzaldehyde derivatives with 3-amino-1,2,4-triazole-5-thiol in the presence of Morpholine, and all the prepared compounds were characterized using UV, FIR spectroscopy, in addition to GC-Mass, 1H-NMR for some combinations and measuring their melting points. The obtained results confirmed the validity of the proposed structures of the prepared compounds. The biological activity of all prepared compounds (T1-T10) was tested against four types of Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria. The study showed that the compound T8 inhibited Staphylococcus aureus with an IC50 of 22 µg/mL, followed by T1, T10, T2, and T3 with IC50 values of 25, 26, 33, and 33 µg/mL, respectively. In addition, T3, T10, T2, T1, and T4 had an inhibitory effect on Pseudomonas aeruginosa with IC50 values of 22, 28, 39, 44, and 50 µg/mL, respectively. T4, T2, and T5 inhibited Streptococcus mutans with IC50 values of 28, 32, and 38 µg/mL, respectively. Interestingly, T6 had the strongest inhibitory effect on Klebsiella pneumoniae with an IC50 of 15 µg/mL. The results of this study suggest that T8, T3, T4, and T6 may be potential new antibiotics for the treatment of Staphylococcus aureus, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Streptococcus mutans, and Klebsiella pneumoniae. However, further studies are needed to confirm these findings and to evaluate the safety and efficacy of these compounds in humans.","PeriodicalId":154960,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Angiotherapy","volume":"44 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-07-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"130707692","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-07-07DOI: 10.25163/angiotherapy.716324
M. Chowdhury, Syeda Humayra, Taha Sulayman, Keichiro Mihara, P. K. Rajesh
Neutralizing monoclonal antibodies (mAbs) can stimulate protective immunity. Hence their rapid identification and characterization are incorporated into clinical practice to provide effective treatment and prophylaxis during the COVID-19 pandemic. Previously, mAbs have been effectively used in several other viral infections, including Ebola, influenza, HIV, RSV, Zika virus, and MERS-CoV. Currently, the utilization of mAbs appears to have favorable clinical outcomes in patients with mild-moderate SARS-CoV-2 infection, particularly individuals at high risk of hospitalization and progression to severe COVID-19. However, most of the interim results on anti-SARS-CoV-2 mAbs are based on ongoing clinical trial data; thereby, several questions revolve around this novel therapy, including its long-term implication, application, and feasibility. Although, the use of neutralizing mAbs may assist in alleviating the critical burden on healthcare settings and minimizing hospital stay due to severe progression of the COVID-19 symptoms especially among those with poor immune responses to vaccination, elderly, and/or vaccine-refractory individuals. Nonetheless, there is a broader need to explore these novel therapies for their effective use in clinical practice and to improve patient-related outcomes.
{"title":"Use of Neutralizing Monoclonal Antibodies and Its Outcome Measures in COVID-19 Patients","authors":"M. Chowdhury, Syeda Humayra, Taha Sulayman, Keichiro Mihara, P. K. Rajesh","doi":"10.25163/angiotherapy.716324","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.25163/angiotherapy.716324","url":null,"abstract":"Neutralizing monoclonal antibodies (mAbs) can stimulate protective immunity. Hence their rapid identification and characterization are incorporated into clinical practice to provide effective treatment and prophylaxis during the COVID-19 pandemic. Previously, mAbs have been effectively used in several other viral infections, including Ebola, influenza, HIV, RSV, Zika virus, and MERS-CoV. Currently, the utilization of mAbs appears to have favorable clinical outcomes in patients with mild-moderate SARS-CoV-2 infection, particularly individuals at high risk of hospitalization and progression to severe COVID-19. However, most of the interim results on anti-SARS-CoV-2 mAbs are based on ongoing clinical trial data; thereby, several questions revolve around this novel therapy, including its long-term implication, application, and feasibility. Although, the use of neutralizing mAbs may assist in alleviating the critical burden on healthcare settings and minimizing hospital stay due to severe progression of the COVID-19 symptoms especially among those with poor immune responses to vaccination, elderly, and/or vaccine-refractory individuals. Nonetheless, there is a broader need to explore these novel therapies for their effective use in clinical practice and to improve patient-related outcomes.","PeriodicalId":154960,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Angiotherapy","volume":"35 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-07-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"125444322","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-07-07DOI: 10.25163/angiotherapy.717331
Shah kamal Bin, Jamal Din, Fouad Saleih, Resq Al-Suede, Farahnaz Amini, Aman Shah, Abdul Majid, JackTan Chun Keat, Amin Malik, Shah Abdul Majid, Resq Al-Suede
Introduction: Oral Cancer contributes to 1.11% of total deaths in Malaysia, with 1,865 cases reported in 2020. In this study, the standardized extract of NuvastaticTM (C5OSEW5050ESA) showed antitumor activity in oral cell carcinoma in vitro and in vivo. The active ingredient of NuvastaticTM is derived from a standardized extract of Orthosiphon stamineus based on 6% rosmarinic acid Objective: The present study was conducted to evaluate the anticancer potential of C5OSEW5050ESA OS against human oral squamous cell carcinoma (CAL27) ectopically implanted into Nu/Nu nude mice. Methods: The cytotoxicity of C5OSEW5050ESA OS against human oral squamous cell carcinoma CAL27) was evaluated using the MTT assay. The antitumor activity of C5OSEW5050ESA OS was performed by ectopically implanting CAL27 cells into athymic NCR Nu/Nu nude mice. The diseased animals were treated with 200 and 400mg/kg C5OSEW5050ESA OS daily for 3 weeks. Result: The study showed that C5OSEW5050ESA was weakly cytotoxic against CAL27 with an IC50 of 899.2 µg/ml. At a dose of 200 and 400 mg/kg, compound C5OSEW5050ESA showed significant anti-tumor effect in xenograft cancer model. C5OSEW5050ESA showed a dose-dependent suppression of oral cancer growth with 74.1.1±1.1 and 81.7±2.1% compared to the negative control group at 200 mg/kg and 400 mg/kg, respectively. In addition, the cancer growth of the positive control (imatinib) treated animals showed that the size of cancer growth reduced significantly with 52.4±2 compared to the negative control (untreated) group. Conclusion: The result of this study highlights the potential of NuvastaticTM in the treatment of oral squamous cell carcinoma.
{"title":"Investigation Of Anti-Tumour Activity Of Orthosiphon Stamineus On Human Oral Squamous Cell Carcinoma","authors":"Shah kamal Bin, Jamal Din, Fouad Saleih, Resq Al-Suede, Farahnaz Amini, Aman Shah, Abdul Majid, JackTan Chun Keat, Amin Malik, Shah Abdul Majid, Resq Al-Suede","doi":"10.25163/angiotherapy.717331","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.25163/angiotherapy.717331","url":null,"abstract":"Introduction: Oral Cancer contributes to 1.11% of total deaths in Malaysia, with 1,865 cases reported in 2020. In this study, the standardized extract of NuvastaticTM (C5OSEW5050ESA) showed antitumor activity in oral cell carcinoma in vitro and in vivo. The active ingredient of NuvastaticTM is derived from a standardized extract of Orthosiphon stamineus based on 6% rosmarinic acid Objective: The present study was conducted to evaluate the anticancer potential of C5OSEW5050ESA OS against human oral squamous cell carcinoma (CAL27) ectopically implanted into Nu/Nu nude mice. Methods: The cytotoxicity of C5OSEW5050ESA OS against human oral squamous cell carcinoma CAL27) was evaluated using the MTT assay. The antitumor activity of C5OSEW5050ESA OS was performed by ectopically implanting CAL27 cells into athymic NCR Nu/Nu nude mice. The diseased animals were treated with 200 and 400mg/kg C5OSEW5050ESA OS daily for 3 weeks. Result: The study showed that C5OSEW5050ESA was weakly cytotoxic against CAL27 with an IC50 of 899.2 µg/ml. At a dose of 200 and 400 mg/kg, compound C5OSEW5050ESA showed significant anti-tumor effect in xenograft cancer model. C5OSEW5050ESA showed a dose-dependent suppression of oral cancer growth with 74.1.1±1.1 and 81.7±2.1% compared to the negative control group at 200 mg/kg and 400 mg/kg, respectively. In addition, the cancer growth of the positive control (imatinib) treated animals showed that the size of cancer growth reduced significantly with 52.4±2 compared to the negative control (untreated) group. Conclusion: The result of this study highlights the potential of NuvastaticTM in the treatment of oral squamous cell carcinoma.","PeriodicalId":154960,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Angiotherapy","volume":"43 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-07-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"132950123","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-12-24DOI: 10.25163/angiotherapy.638c
Triple negative breast cancer are breast cancer types that are difficult to treat because they lack expression of the estrogen receptor (ER), progesterone receptor (PR) and Human Epidermal Receptor 2 (HER2) gene amplification. Intensive research, analysis by the Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) Research Network and the advent of high-throughput technology tools has expanded the classification of TNBC tumors into subgroups according to its gene expression profiles in order to identify the different molecular subtypes, novel TNBC biomarkers that can play both predictive and prognostic roles and enhance therapeutic strategies. The “immune-activated,” subtype or tumours with defective BRCA pathway are amongst initial TNBC group with established genetic vulnerabilities that has allowed the addition of promising therapeutic approaches, including DNA-damaging agents (PARP inhibitors, platinum) as well as immunotherapy. The treatment of metastatic NBC (mTNBC) is currently transforming rapidly with better outcomes observed in clinical trials. The recent success with immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) targeting the programmed cell death receptor 1 and programmed death ligand 1 (PD-L1) and PARP inhibitors for germline BRCA mutation-associated breast cancers as well as other novel strategies in mTNBC treatment will change the course of this unique cancer subtype in the future.
{"title":"Triple Negative Breast Cancer: Tumour Biology and Optimisation of Clinical Outcome","authors":"","doi":"10.25163/angiotherapy.638c","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.25163/angiotherapy.638c","url":null,"abstract":"Triple negative breast cancer are breast cancer types that are difficult to treat because they lack expression of the estrogen receptor (ER), progesterone receptor (PR) and Human Epidermal Receptor 2 (HER2) gene amplification. Intensive research, analysis by the Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) Research Network and the advent of high-throughput technology tools has expanded the classification of TNBC tumors into subgroups according to its gene expression profiles in order to identify the different molecular subtypes, novel TNBC biomarkers that can play both predictive and prognostic roles and enhance therapeutic strategies. The “immune-activated,” subtype or tumours with defective BRCA pathway are amongst initial TNBC group with established genetic vulnerabilities that has allowed the addition of promising therapeutic approaches, including DNA-damaging agents (PARP inhibitors, platinum) as well as immunotherapy. The treatment of metastatic NBC (mTNBC) is currently transforming rapidly with better outcomes observed in clinical trials. The recent success with immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) targeting the programmed cell death receptor 1 and programmed death ligand 1 (PD-L1) and PARP inhibitors for germline BRCA mutation-associated breast cancers as well as other novel strategies in mTNBC treatment will change the course of this unique cancer subtype in the future.","PeriodicalId":154960,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Angiotherapy","volume":"36 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-12-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"115364273","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-12-24DOI: 10.25163/angiotherapy.6312c
{"title":"Cancer-Associated Fibroblasts as Potential Therapeutic Targets in Head and Neck Cancer","authors":"","doi":"10.25163/angiotherapy.6312c","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.25163/angiotherapy.6312c","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":154960,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Angiotherapy","volume":"4 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-12-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"125531655","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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