Pub Date : 2023-08-01DOI: 10.1080/09205071.2023.2242354
Zhonggen Wang, Yongjie Ma, Yufa Sun, Pan Wang, Chenlu Li
Compressive sensing (CS) used as a sparse basis can enhance the characteristic basis functions (CBFs), which helps in analyzing the bistatic scattering problems of a three-dimensional (3D) object. However, a sparse basis constructed by the CBFs lacks current information under a single plane wave, leading to a low computation accuracy when analyzing complex objects. To resolve this issue, a new sparse basis construction method is presented in this work, which considers the current information under multilevel plane waves with different incident angles and different polarization modes. As this new sparse basis contains more comprehensive current information, the accuracy is considerably improved when analyzing the complex targets. Furthermore, the accuracy and efficiency of the proposed method are verified by extensive numerical simulations.
{"title":"Accurate analysis of bistatic scattering problems using compressive sensing with a new sparse basis","authors":"Zhonggen Wang, Yongjie Ma, Yufa Sun, Pan Wang, Chenlu Li","doi":"10.1080/09205071.2023.2242354","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/09205071.2023.2242354","url":null,"abstract":"Compressive sensing (CS) used as a sparse basis can enhance the characteristic basis functions (CBFs), which helps in analyzing the bistatic scattering problems of a three-dimensional (3D) object. However, a sparse basis constructed by the CBFs lacks current information under a single plane wave, leading to a low computation accuracy when analyzing complex objects. To resolve this issue, a new sparse basis construction method is presented in this work, which considers the current information under multilevel plane waves with different incident angles and different polarization modes. As this new sparse basis contains more comprehensive current information, the accuracy is considerably improved when analyzing the complex targets. Furthermore, the accuracy and efficiency of the proposed method are verified by extensive numerical simulations.","PeriodicalId":15650,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Electromagnetic Waves and Applications","volume":"71 1","pages":"1394 - 1408"},"PeriodicalIF":1.3,"publicationDate":"2023-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"86073122","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-07-31DOI: 10.1080/09205071.2023.2241862
C. Tsironis, A. Papadopoulos
Numerical codes for electromagnetic wave propagation in magnetized plasmas are mainly based on frequency-domain asymptotic methods, which provide a fast solution and are thus valuable for experiment design and control applications. However, in several cases of practical interest (e.g. mode conversion), these tools run close to their limits of validity and should be compared to full-wave solutions. The code RFFW solves Maxwell's equations with the finite-difference time-domain method in 3D geometry, for scenarios involving high-frequency waves with arbitrary electric field spectrum in plasmas with axisymmetric equilibrium. In fusion-related problems, the code may conduct investigations of wave propagation and absorption relevant to auxiliary plasma heating and current drive, reflectometry and instability control. The code has been parallelized with a hybrid OpenMP-MPI scheme, which has allowed exploiting the much larger processing power and memory of current-day supercomputers. In this work, we present the main aspects of the physics implemented in the code, and also refer shortly to the parallelization scheme. Furthermore, we show results that exhibit the strong scaling performance of the code, and examine cases of electron-cyclotron heating application in medium-sized tokamaks.
{"title":"Parallelization of a 3D FDTD code and physics studies of electromagnetic wave propagation in fusion plasmas","authors":"C. Tsironis, A. Papadopoulos","doi":"10.1080/09205071.2023.2241862","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/09205071.2023.2241862","url":null,"abstract":"Numerical codes for electromagnetic wave propagation in magnetized plasmas are mainly based on frequency-domain asymptotic methods, which provide a fast solution and are thus valuable for experiment design and control applications. However, in several cases of practical interest (e.g. mode conversion), these tools run close to their limits of validity and should be compared to full-wave solutions. The code RFFW solves Maxwell's equations with the finite-difference time-domain method in 3D geometry, for scenarios involving high-frequency waves with arbitrary electric field spectrum in plasmas with axisymmetric equilibrium. In fusion-related problems, the code may conduct investigations of wave propagation and absorption relevant to auxiliary plasma heating and current drive, reflectometry and instability control. The code has been parallelized with a hybrid OpenMP-MPI scheme, which has allowed exploiting the much larger processing power and memory of current-day supercomputers. In this work, we present the main aspects of the physics implemented in the code, and also refer shortly to the parallelization scheme. Furthermore, we show results that exhibit the strong scaling performance of the code, and examine cases of electron-cyclotron heating application in medium-sized tokamaks.","PeriodicalId":15650,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Electromagnetic Waves and Applications","volume":"45 1","pages":"1366 - 1393"},"PeriodicalIF":1.3,"publicationDate":"2023-07-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"80009098","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-07-27DOI: 10.1080/09205071.2023.2239806
Engin Dogan, A. Gorur, A. Gorur
In this paper, novel chipless radio frequency identification (RFID) tags are designed by using asymmetrical triple mode resonators constructed by an open loop resonator with two open stubs in different lengths. Three transmission zeros (bits) can be obtained by coupling a proposed resonator to a straight feeding line that connects input/output ports. Five frequency codes can be achieved with respect to the existence of the open stubs and the open loop resonator. By coupling eight asymmetrical triple mode resonators to the feeding line, a multi-resonant circuit is developed on a flexible substrate of Rogers 5870. Totally 24 bit frequencies can be achieved and it is possible to identify 58 different items. For the chipless RFID tags, two monopole wideband antennas in vertical/horizontal polarizations are integrated instead of the input/output ports. Two tags have been fabricated and tested to demonstrate the identification of different codes under smoothed and curved positions successfully.
{"title":"Novel flexible chipless RFID tags based on five state resonators","authors":"Engin Dogan, A. Gorur, A. Gorur","doi":"10.1080/09205071.2023.2239806","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/09205071.2023.2239806","url":null,"abstract":"In this paper, novel chipless radio frequency identification (RFID) tags are designed by using asymmetrical triple mode resonators constructed by an open loop resonator with two open stubs in different lengths. Three transmission zeros (bits) can be obtained by coupling a proposed resonator to a straight feeding line that connects input/output ports. Five frequency codes can be achieved with respect to the existence of the open stubs and the open loop resonator. By coupling eight asymmetrical triple mode resonators to the feeding line, a multi-resonant circuit is developed on a flexible substrate of Rogers 5870. Totally 24 bit frequencies can be achieved and it is possible to identify 58 different items. For the chipless RFID tags, two monopole wideband antennas in vertical/horizontal polarizations are integrated instead of the input/output ports. Two tags have been fabricated and tested to demonstrate the identification of different codes under smoothed and curved positions successfully.","PeriodicalId":15650,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Electromagnetic Waves and Applications","volume":"7 1","pages":"1317 - 1329"},"PeriodicalIF":1.3,"publicationDate":"2023-07-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"85450961","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-07-27DOI: 10.1080/09205071.2023.2240324
Xiaoyi Liao, Zewei Wu, Minxing Wang, Chen Zhao
The hollow waveguides with angular deformation are widely used in high power millimeter wave system. In this manuscript, the cutoff wave number of the quad-polar waveguide with a boundary of is theoretically analyzed based on the perturbation analysis. Using the boundary condition and the orthogonal properties of the trigonometric functions, a determinant is obtained and then the exact closed-form expression of cutoff wave number is deduced from the determinant. Based on the cutoff wave number, the eigen field is calculated by nonlinear programming method. The values of the cutoff wavenumbers, eigen fields and surface currents for the first few modes are calculated and compared with the results obtained from simulation software. The high correspondence of the calculated values with the simulated results proves that the proposed method is an appropriate option for fast and precise analyzing quad-polar waveguides.
{"title":"Theoretical investigations on cutoff wave number of quad-polar waveguide","authors":"Xiaoyi Liao, Zewei Wu, Minxing Wang, Chen Zhao","doi":"10.1080/09205071.2023.2240324","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/09205071.2023.2240324","url":null,"abstract":"The hollow waveguides with angular deformation are widely used in high power millimeter wave system. In this manuscript, the cutoff wave number of the quad-polar waveguide with a boundary of is theoretically analyzed based on the perturbation analysis. Using the boundary condition and the orthogonal properties of the trigonometric functions, a determinant is obtained and then the exact closed-form expression of cutoff wave number is deduced from the determinant. Based on the cutoff wave number, the eigen field is calculated by nonlinear programming method. The values of the cutoff wavenumbers, eigen fields and surface currents for the first few modes are calculated and compared with the results obtained from simulation software. The high correspondence of the calculated values with the simulated results proves that the proposed method is an appropriate option for fast and precise analyzing quad-polar waveguides.","PeriodicalId":15650,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Electromagnetic Waves and Applications","volume":"25 1","pages":"1350 - 1365"},"PeriodicalIF":1.3,"publicationDate":"2023-07-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"91138011","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-07-26DOI: 10.1080/09205071.2023.2239808
B. Honarbakhsh
The flanged parallel-plate waveguide is analysed based on the method of Kobayashi potential (KP) using Fourier function space. The presentation of the method is free from intricate mathematics. Standard integral identities are used for problem formulation, without direct use of Weber-Schafheitlin (WS) integrals. The Fourier function space is exploited for the construction of the governing linear equations instead of Jacobi polynomials. A simple strategy is suggested for the evaluation of the required improper integrals. Near-field results are validated through convergence analysis. Far-field patterns are compared with predictions of the surface equivalence theorem (SET).
{"title":"Simple, efficient, and accurate analysis of the flanged parallel-plate waveguide","authors":"B. Honarbakhsh","doi":"10.1080/09205071.2023.2239808","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/09205071.2023.2239808","url":null,"abstract":"The flanged parallel-plate waveguide is analysed based on the method of Kobayashi potential (KP) using Fourier function space. The presentation of the method is free from intricate mathematics. Standard integral identities are used for problem formulation, without direct use of Weber-Schafheitlin (WS) integrals. The Fourier function space is exploited for the construction of the governing linear equations instead of Jacobi polynomials. A simple strategy is suggested for the evaluation of the required improper integrals. Near-field results are validated through convergence analysis. Far-field patterns are compared with predictions of the surface equivalence theorem (SET).","PeriodicalId":15650,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Electromagnetic Waves and Applications","volume":"24 1","pages":"1330 - 1340"},"PeriodicalIF":1.3,"publicationDate":"2023-07-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"85119407","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-07-25DOI: 10.1080/09205071.2023.2230494
L. Ali, B. Ahmed
This study is proposed for the numerical simulation of the peristaltic mechanism using the finite element method with the Galerkin residual technique to explore peristaltic transportation under the action of an externally applied magnetic field passing through an inclined asymmetric channel saturated with porous media. The Navier-stokes equations are solved for the peristaltic mechanism non-linearly by the exemption of lubrication theory to study the inertial effects. The numerical simulations and results are obtained by applying the finite element method based on quadratic triangular elements. It is observed that pressure rise per wavelength is enhanced by increasing the angle of inclination .
{"title":"Peristaltic mechanism in an inclined asymmetric channel soaked with porous media and under magnetic effects: numerical simulation equipped with finite element method","authors":"L. Ali, B. Ahmed","doi":"10.1080/09205071.2023.2230494","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/09205071.2023.2230494","url":null,"abstract":"This study is proposed for the numerical simulation of the peristaltic mechanism using the finite element method with the Galerkin residual technique to explore peristaltic transportation under the action of an externally applied magnetic field passing through an inclined asymmetric channel saturated with porous media. The Navier-stokes equations are solved for the peristaltic mechanism non-linearly by the exemption of lubrication theory to study the inertial effects. The numerical simulations and results are obtained by applying the finite element method based on quadratic triangular elements. It is observed that pressure rise per wavelength is enhanced by increasing the angle of inclination .","PeriodicalId":15650,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Electromagnetic Waves and Applications","volume":"19 1","pages":"1235 - 1257"},"PeriodicalIF":1.3,"publicationDate":"2023-07-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"78431549","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-07-17DOI: 10.1080/09205071.2023.2234360
A. Pekmezci
This paper focused on propagation characteristics of a single mode supporting waveguide enclosed by metallic sidewalls periodically loaded with lossless single negative (SNG) metamaterial slabs along axial direction. The gap between two successive SNG slabs is filled with a double positive (DPS) material. For the analysis, the periodic structure is assumed having symmetric unit cell (UC) and simplified as a two-port network which is one-half of the symmetric UC. Scattering parameters (S-parameters) are defined by even/odd mode analysis of the symmetric UC, and then the total S-parameters are calculated by solving the cascade connection of N unit cells. Eigenvalue equations are also obtained to explicit the solutions of band edge and pass/stopband diagrams in the microwave regime. Since a SNG can be either epsilon-negative (ENG) or mu-negative (MNG), S-parameters and dispersion behavior are illustrated with numerical examples and discussed for each periodic structure constructed with ENG or MNG slabs.
{"title":"Propagation behavior in rectangular metallic waveguide periodically loaded with single negative metamaterial slabs","authors":"A. Pekmezci","doi":"10.1080/09205071.2023.2234360","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/09205071.2023.2234360","url":null,"abstract":"This paper focused on propagation characteristics of a single mode supporting waveguide enclosed by metallic sidewalls periodically loaded with lossless single negative (SNG) metamaterial slabs along axial direction. The gap between two successive SNG slabs is filled with a double positive (DPS) material. For the analysis, the periodic structure is assumed having symmetric unit cell (UC) and simplified as a two-port network which is one-half of the symmetric UC. Scattering parameters (S-parameters) are defined by even/odd mode analysis of the symmetric UC, and then the total S-parameters are calculated by solving the cascade connection of N unit cells. Eigenvalue equations are also obtained to explicit the solutions of band edge and pass/stopband diagrams in the microwave regime. Since a SNG can be either epsilon-negative (ENG) or mu-negative (MNG), S-parameters and dispersion behavior are illustrated with numerical examples and discussed for each periodic structure constructed with ENG or MNG slabs.","PeriodicalId":15650,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Electromagnetic Waves and Applications","volume":"29 1","pages":"1274 - 1285"},"PeriodicalIF":1.3,"publicationDate":"2023-07-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"80474381","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-07-12DOI: 10.1080/09205071.2023.2234362
Shipra Bhatia, D. Pal, A. K. Bandyopadhyay, P. Sarkar
A compact and high gain dual semi-circular slotted patch antenna with moderate bandwidth for 60 GHz applications is presented in this article. A rectangular-shaped patch inspires this design. The slotted antenna provides an impedance bandwidth of 1.75 GHz (58.87–60.62 GHz) and a gain of 7.55 dB. The overall size of the proposed antenna is 12 × 9.5 mm2. A dielectric superstrate is used to improve the antenna bandwidth and gain. The proposed antenna with superstrate exhibits an improved bandwidth of 2.48 GHz (58.22–60.70 GHz), an enhanced gain of 11.8 dB, and an efficiency of 95%, respectively. The antenna provides stable time-domain performance (isolation, isolation phase, group delay, and fidelity factor) over the operating band. The design prototype is fabricated and tested experimentally. Measured results exhibit a good agreement with the simulated results. The proposed antenna is suitable for high data-rate radio access and high gain 60 GHz applications.
{"title":"Compact and high gain slotted patch antenna with moderate bandwidth for 60 GHz applications","authors":"Shipra Bhatia, D. Pal, A. K. Bandyopadhyay, P. Sarkar","doi":"10.1080/09205071.2023.2234362","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/09205071.2023.2234362","url":null,"abstract":"A compact and high gain dual semi-circular slotted patch antenna with moderate bandwidth for 60 GHz applications is presented in this article. A rectangular-shaped patch inspires this design. The slotted antenna provides an impedance bandwidth of 1.75 GHz (58.87–60.62 GHz) and a gain of 7.55 dB. The overall size of the proposed antenna is 12 × 9.5 mm2. A dielectric superstrate is used to improve the antenna bandwidth and gain. The proposed antenna with superstrate exhibits an improved bandwidth of 2.48 GHz (58.22–60.70 GHz), an enhanced gain of 11.8 dB, and an efficiency of 95%, respectively. The antenna provides stable time-domain performance (isolation, isolation phase, group delay, and fidelity factor) over the operating band. The design prototype is fabricated and tested experimentally. Measured results exhibit a good agreement with the simulated results. The proposed antenna is suitable for high data-rate radio access and high gain 60 GHz applications.","PeriodicalId":15650,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Electromagnetic Waves and Applications","volume":"13 1","pages":"1286 - 1297"},"PeriodicalIF":1.3,"publicationDate":"2023-07-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"73054665","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-07-10DOI: 10.1080/09205071.2023.2234381
Qianqian Li, Hai‐feng Zhang
Two circularly polarized (CP) 2 × 2 array antennas based on the spoof surface plasmon polariton (SPP) and spoof localized surface plasmon (LSP) are proposed. The antenna I is fed by a feed network to increase the axial-ratio (AR) bandwidth. The spoof SPP and spoof LSP are introduced to increase the gain through energy localization, and the structure can suppress the cross-polarization to a certain extent and obtain a wider axial-ratio beamwidth. In addition, the electromagnetic band gap (EBG) is used to suppress surface waves to further increase the gain. The size of antenna I is 1.27λg × 1.27λg × 0.18λg. The impedance bandwidth and the AR bandwidth of antenna I are 72% (3.15–6.75 GHz) and 55% (3.97–6.72 GHz), respectively, and the peak gain is 11.11 dBi. The antenna II optimizes the distance between the two substrates according to antenna I to further increase the gain.
{"title":"A high gain circularly polarized 2 × 2 antenna array based on the spoof surface plasmon polariton and spoof localized surface plasmon","authors":"Qianqian Li, Hai‐feng Zhang","doi":"10.1080/09205071.2023.2234381","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/09205071.2023.2234381","url":null,"abstract":"Two circularly polarized (CP) 2 × 2 array antennas based on the spoof surface plasmon polariton (SPP) and spoof localized surface plasmon (LSP) are proposed. The antenna I is fed by a feed network to increase the axial-ratio (AR) bandwidth. The spoof SPP and spoof LSP are introduced to increase the gain through energy localization, and the structure can suppress the cross-polarization to a certain extent and obtain a wider axial-ratio beamwidth. In addition, the electromagnetic band gap (EBG) is used to suppress surface waves to further increase the gain. The size of antenna I is 1.27λg × 1.27λg × 0.18λg. The impedance bandwidth and the AR bandwidth of antenna I are 72% (3.15–6.75 GHz) and 55% (3.97–6.72 GHz), respectively, and the peak gain is 11.11 dBi. The antenna II optimizes the distance between the two substrates according to antenna I to further increase the gain.","PeriodicalId":15650,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Electromagnetic Waves and Applications","volume":"125 1","pages":"1298 - 1316"},"PeriodicalIF":1.3,"publicationDate":"2023-07-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"86427598","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-07-10DOI: 10.1080/09205071.2023.2231934
R. Mistri, Ashutosh Kumar Singh, S. K. Mahto, R. Sinha
A multiple-input and multiple-output (MIMO) system (size 35 × 35 × 0.76 mm3) of the four-element antenna with a 4.69 GHz impedance bandwidth (23.56–28.25 GHz) (millimetre wave) is proposed for 5G communication. The band capacity and radiation properties of the antenna are enhanced by modifying rectangular radiating patches with rectangular-shaped slots in ground plane. The proposed MIMO antenna achieved the isolation of 21 dB. The mutual coupling coefficient, envelope correlation coefficient (ECC), total active reflection coefficient (TARC), diversity gain (DG), mean effective gain (MEG), and channel capacity loss (CCL) are investigated to evaluate the performance attributes of diversity, and the obtained values are −21 dB, 0.007, −10 dB, 9.99 dB, ±3 dB, and 0.30 bits/sec/Hz, respectively. The robustness of the MIMO antenna is further demonstrated in different scenario under Gaussian/uniform propagation conditions. Each antenna has an average total efficiency of 92% and a maximum gain of 6.65 dBi. The testing of fabricated antenna provides excellent experimental results in comparison with simulations.
{"title":"Quad element millimetre-wave MIMO antenna for 5G communication","authors":"R. Mistri, Ashutosh Kumar Singh, S. K. Mahto, R. Sinha","doi":"10.1080/09205071.2023.2231934","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/09205071.2023.2231934","url":null,"abstract":"A multiple-input and multiple-output (MIMO) system (size 35 × 35 × 0.76 mm3) of the four-element antenna with a 4.69 GHz impedance bandwidth (23.56–28.25 GHz) (millimetre wave) is proposed for 5G communication. The band capacity and radiation properties of the antenna are enhanced by modifying rectangular radiating patches with rectangular-shaped slots in ground plane. The proposed MIMO antenna achieved the isolation of 21 dB. The mutual coupling coefficient, envelope correlation coefficient (ECC), total active reflection coefficient (TARC), diversity gain (DG), mean effective gain (MEG), and channel capacity loss (CCL) are investigated to evaluate the performance attributes of diversity, and the obtained values are −21 dB, 0.007, −10 dB, 9.99 dB, ±3 dB, and 0.30 bits/sec/Hz, respectively. The robustness of the MIMO antenna is further demonstrated in different scenario under Gaussian/uniform propagation conditions. Each antenna has an average total efficiency of 92% and a maximum gain of 6.65 dBi. The testing of fabricated antenna provides excellent experimental results in comparison with simulations.","PeriodicalId":15650,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Electromagnetic Waves and Applications","volume":"54 1","pages":"1258 - 1273"},"PeriodicalIF":1.3,"publicationDate":"2023-07-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"83729677","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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