{"title":"Transplantation of localized anterior determinants in Chironomus eggs by microinjection.","authors":"K Kalthoff, A Elbetieha","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":15708,"journal":{"name":"Journal of embryology and experimental morphology","volume":"97 Suppl ","pages":"181-96"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1986-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"14746585","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"The nature of developmental restrictions in Xenopus laevis embryos.","authors":"J Heasman, A Snape, J C Smith, C C Wylie","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":15708,"journal":{"name":"Journal of embryology and experimental morphology","volume":"97 Suppl ","pages":"65-73"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1986-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"14745013","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
We are investigating the mechanism by which animal cells of an amphibian blastula are induced to differentiate as muscle after contact with blastula vegetal cells. After briefly summarizing previous work on this system, we have asked whether this response of animal cells to vegetal induction requires cell division. Animal and vegetal parts of a blastula were placed in contact with each other, and the resulting conjugates cultured in medium containing a sufficient concentration of colchicine or cytochalasin B to inhibit cell division. Muscle differentiation, as indicated by cardiac actin gene transcription, is induced when cell division is inhibited, though at a substantially reduced rate. However, cytoskeletal actin gene transcription, which does not depend on induction, is also much reduced under the same inhibitory conditions. We conclude that, although the cell division inhibitors seem to reduce all gene transcription, they have no preferential effect on the response to induction, and therefore that this process does not require cytoplasmic or nuclear division.
{"title":"Muscle gene activation by induction and the nonrequirement for cell division.","authors":"J B Gurdon, S Fairman","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>We are investigating the mechanism by which animal cells of an amphibian blastula are induced to differentiate as muscle after contact with blastula vegetal cells. After briefly summarizing previous work on this system, we have asked whether this response of animal cells to vegetal induction requires cell division. Animal and vegetal parts of a blastula were placed in contact with each other, and the resulting conjugates cultured in medium containing a sufficient concentration of colchicine or cytochalasin B to inhibit cell division. Muscle differentiation, as indicated by cardiac actin gene transcription, is induced when cell division is inhibited, though at a substantially reduced rate. However, cytoskeletal actin gene transcription, which does not depend on induction, is also much reduced under the same inhibitory conditions. We conclude that, although the cell division inhibitors seem to reduce all gene transcription, they have no preferential effect on the response to induction, and therefore that this process does not require cytoplasmic or nuclear division.</p>","PeriodicalId":15708,"journal":{"name":"Journal of embryology and experimental morphology","volume":"97 Suppl ","pages":"75-84"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1986-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"14745014","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Anti-sense RNA injections in fertilized eggs as a test for the function of localized mRNAs.","authors":"D A Melton, M R Rebagliati","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":15708,"journal":{"name":"Journal of embryology and experimental morphology","volume":"97 Suppl ","pages":"211-21"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1986-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"13588616","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"DNA injections into Xenopus embryos: fate of injected DNA in relation to formation of embryonic nuclei.","authors":"M F Trendelenburg, P Oudet, H Spring, M Montag","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":15708,"journal":{"name":"Journal of embryology and experimental morphology","volume":"97 Suppl ","pages":"243-55"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1986-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"14093357","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
C L Stewart, U Rüther, C Garber, M Vanek, E F Wagner
{"title":"The expression of retroviral vectors in murine stem cells and transgenic mice.","authors":"C L Stewart, U Rüther, C Garber, M Vanek, E F Wagner","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":15708,"journal":{"name":"Journal of embryology and experimental morphology","volume":"97 Suppl ","pages":"263-75"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1986-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"14746587","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
R E Hammer, R Krumlauf, S Camper, R L Brinster, S M Tilghman
{"title":"The regulation of alpha-foetoprotein minigene expression in the germline of mice.","authors":"R E Hammer, R Krumlauf, S Camper, R L Brinster, S M Tilghman","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":15708,"journal":{"name":"Journal of embryology and experimental morphology","volume":"97 Suppl ","pages":"257-62"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1986-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"13588617","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Probing gene activity in Drosophila embryos.","authors":"H Jäckle, E Seifert, A Preiss, U B Rosenberg","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":15708,"journal":{"name":"Journal of embryology and experimental morphology","volume":"97 Suppl ","pages":"157-68"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1986-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"13588615","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Accumulation, organization and deployment of oogenetically derived Xenopus yolk/nonyolk proteins.","authors":"R C Smith, A W Neff, G M Malacinski","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":15708,"journal":{"name":"Journal of embryology and experimental morphology","volume":"97 Suppl ","pages":"45-64"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1986-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"14432329","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
The proliferation and differentiation potentiality of the rat visceral yolk sac was investigated both in organ culture and after grafting in vivo. Using alkaline phosphatase as a marker for germ cells, it was shown that these cells are absent in the 12-day-old visceral yolk sac examined before and after organ culture. Therefore, the only cells that proliferate and differentiate must be of endodermal and/or mesodermal origin. By labelling the cells with [3H]thymidine both the endodermal and mesodermal cells were found to proliferate. After 10 days in organ culture or implantation in vivo differentiated tissues (e.g. squamous epidermis, endodermal cysts and giant trophoblast cells) were regularly detected. Several of these differentiated cells contained the radiolabel indicating that they derived from the initial proliferating endodermal and/or mesodermal cells.
{"title":"Histochemical and autoradiographic study of the cultured rat visceral yolk sac.","authors":"H Sobis, J Goebels, M Vandeputte","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The proliferation and differentiation potentiality of the rat visceral yolk sac was investigated both in organ culture and after grafting in vivo. Using alkaline phosphatase as a marker for germ cells, it was shown that these cells are absent in the 12-day-old visceral yolk sac examined before and after organ culture. Therefore, the only cells that proliferate and differentiate must be of endodermal and/or mesodermal origin. By labelling the cells with [3H]thymidine both the endodermal and mesodermal cells were found to proliferate. After 10 days in organ culture or implantation in vivo differentiated tissues (e.g. squamous epidermis, endodermal cysts and giant trophoblast cells) were regularly detected. Several of these differentiated cells contained the radiolabel indicating that they derived from the initial proliferating endodermal and/or mesodermal cells.</p>","PeriodicalId":15708,"journal":{"name":"Journal of embryology and experimental morphology","volume":"97 ","pages":"169-76"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1986-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"14911453","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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