Underwater Wireless Sensor Networks (UWSN) have different characteristics in relation to terrestrial wireless sensor networks; such as limited bandwidth capacity, high propagation delays and limited battery power. Although there has been much work completed in developing protocols and models for terrestrial networks, these are rarely applicable for underwater sensor networks. Up to today major efforts have been made for designing efficient protocols while considering the underwater communication characteristics. An important issue on this research area is the construction of an efficient clustering algorithm. Clustering in the context of UWSN is important as it contributes a great deal towards the efficient use of energy resources. This paper reviews the most significant cluster based protocols proposed for UWSN. Major performance issues of these protocols with respect to the network conditions such as packet delivery ratio, average packet delay, node mobility effect and energy consumption are examined. The advantages and disadvantages of each protocol are also pointed out.
{"title":"Cluster protocols in Underwater Sensor Networks: a Research Review","authors":"N. Savage, K. Ovaliadis","doi":"10.25103/JESTR.073.27","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.25103/JESTR.073.27","url":null,"abstract":"Underwater Wireless Sensor Networks (UWSN) have different characteristics in relation to terrestrial wireless sensor networks; such as limited bandwidth capacity, high propagation delays and limited battery power. Although there has been much work completed in developing protocols and models for terrestrial networks, these are rarely applicable for underwater sensor networks. Up to today major efforts have been made for designing efficient protocols while considering the underwater communication characteristics. An important issue on this research area is the construction of an efficient clustering algorithm. Clustering in the context of UWSN is important as it contributes a great deal towards the efficient use of energy resources. This paper reviews the most significant cluster based protocols proposed for UWSN. Major performance issues of these protocols with respect to the network conditions such as packet delivery ratio, average packet delay, node mobility effect and energy consumption are examined. The advantages and disadvantages of each protocol are also pointed out.","PeriodicalId":15709,"journal":{"name":"journal of engineering science and technology","volume":"7 1","pages":"171-175"},"PeriodicalIF":0.6,"publicationDate":"2014-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"69298263","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
In MANETs (Mobile Ad Hoc Networks) communication at the mobile nodes can be achieved by using multihop wireless links. The architecture of such network is based not on a centralized base station but on each node which acts as a router and forwards data packets to other nodes in the network. The aim of each protocol, in an ad-hoc network, is to find valid routes between two communicating nodes. These protocols must be able to handle high mobility of the nodes which often cause changes in the network topology. This paper evaluates four ad-hoc network protocols (AODV, DSDV, DSR and TORA) in different network scales taking into consideration the mobility factor. The evaluation of these four protocols was carried out using Network Simulator-2 (ns2), and the poor performance of TORA may be attributed to its implementation in this package. Therefore further investigation of TORA implementation in ns2 needs to be carried out.
{"title":"Ad-hoc Networks Energy Consumption: A review of the Ad-Hoc Routing Protocols","authors":"V. Kanakaris, D. Ndzi, D. Azzi","doi":"10.25103/JESTR.031.27","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.25103/JESTR.031.27","url":null,"abstract":"In MANETs (Mobile Ad Hoc Networks) communication at the mobile nodes can be achieved by using multihop wireless links. The architecture of such network is based not on a centralized base station but on each node which acts as a router and forwards data packets to other nodes in the network. The aim of each protocol, in an ad-hoc network, is to find valid routes between two communicating nodes. These protocols must be able to handle high mobility of the nodes which often cause changes in the network topology. This paper evaluates four ad-hoc network protocols (AODV, DSDV, DSR and TORA) in different network scales taking into consideration the mobility factor. The evaluation of these four protocols was carried out using Network Simulator-2 (ns2), and the poor performance of TORA may be attributed to its implementation in this package. Therefore further investigation of TORA implementation in ns2 needs to be carried out.","PeriodicalId":15709,"journal":{"name":"journal of engineering science and technology","volume":"88 1","pages":"162-167"},"PeriodicalIF":0.6,"publicationDate":"2010-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"69297787","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2007-01-01DOI: 10.1007/978-3-540-75995-9_110
A. Ahmadi, P. Badiei, M. Namin
{"title":"AN EFFICIENT BOUNDARY FITTED NON-HYDROSTATIC MODEL FOR FREE-SURFACE FLOWS","authors":"A. Ahmadi, P. Badiei, M. Namin","doi":"10.1007/978-3-540-75995-9_110","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-540-75995-9_110","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":15709,"journal":{"name":"journal of engineering science and technology","volume":"2 1","pages":"356-360"},"PeriodicalIF":0.6,"publicationDate":"2007-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"51063816","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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