Pub Date : 2021-08-16DOI: 10.22034/JEST.2021.49357.4909
Amin Mosavat, R. Babakhani
The purpose of this study was to investigate the correlation between the design of crater width, crater height and base widths of four poles, thirty three bridges, Khajou, Joey, and Marnan, constructed on the Zayandehrood River, and to explore the relationship between these variables underpins the theory that The form of these bridges is a direct function of their main function.In this study, due to the high volume of data, the research method is based on Python coding and working with artificial intelligence algorithms that, after harvesting the required data and performing various calculations of the files in CSV format, and then considering field harvesting, openings Four bridges were simulated in related software using the cosine relation of all openings and plots were plotted.The findings of this study suggest that there is a high similarity and a close relationship between the width and height of the craters on each bridge with that bridge itself and the three other bridges on the river, and the design of these bridges is less than a century old despite historical differences. , Fully functional and based on the technology of that era, the volume of water generated and the stability of the river.In conclusion, it should be noted that the longer the historical period of bridge construction, the greater the width of the bridges, and according to the diagrams of the drawings of each bridge, the design and construction accuracy is high, as well as the 75 openings in the 92 openings in these four bridges. With a similarity percentage of 70 to 90, it has the similarity of 33 bridges and very high bridges, and the lowest bridges and 33 bridges. The bridges are designed based on its performance and according to the standards of that era, construction technology.
{"title":"An analysis of the mantle structure of the Safavid bridge span (Case Study: Thirty Bridges, Marnan, Khaju, Joey)","authors":"Amin Mosavat, R. Babakhani","doi":"10.22034/JEST.2021.49357.4909","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.22034/JEST.2021.49357.4909","url":null,"abstract":"The purpose of this study was to investigate the correlation between the design of crater width, crater height and base widths of four poles, thirty three bridges, Khajou, Joey, and Marnan, constructed on the Zayandehrood River, and to explore the relationship between these variables underpins the theory that The form of these bridges is a direct function of their main function.In this study, due to the high volume of data, the research method is based on Python coding and working with artificial intelligence algorithms that, after harvesting the required data and performing various calculations of the files in CSV format, and then considering field harvesting, openings Four bridges were simulated in related software using the cosine relation of all openings and plots were plotted.The findings of this study suggest that there is a high similarity and a close relationship between the width and height of the craters on each bridge with that bridge itself and the three other bridges on the river, and the design of these bridges is less than a century old despite historical differences. , Fully functional and based on the technology of that era, the volume of water generated and the stability of the river.In conclusion, it should be noted that the longer the historical period of bridge construction, the greater the width of the bridges, and according to the diagrams of the drawings of each bridge, the design and construction accuracy is high, as well as the 75 openings in the 92 openings in these four bridges. With a similarity percentage of 70 to 90, it has the similarity of 33 bridges and very high bridges, and the lowest bridges and 33 bridges. The bridges are designed based on its performance and according to the standards of that era, construction technology.","PeriodicalId":15762,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Environmental Science and Technology","volume":"75 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-08-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"88817025","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-08-16DOI: 10.22034/JEST.2021.51611.5032
Malihe Amini, Atena Naeimi, Melika Rahimi
Background and Objective: Heavy metal pollution accounts are the most important of water pollutions for a considerable proportion due to the serious diseases jeopardized the ecological environment and human life and health. Therefore, immediate and expanded attention is required to remove toxic metal ions from contaminated water.Methods: The effects of initial solution pH (2-7), chitosan/graphene oxide biosorbent dose (0-1.5 g/l), initial zinc (II) concentration (10-200 mg/l) and contact time on the uptake capacity of metal (30- 420 min) were investigated.Findings: This nanocomposite was exhibited the highest metal ions uptake capacity (89.2 mg/g) at pH value of 4.0, biomass dose 0.01 g/l, metal concentration of 200 mg/l and contact time 420 min. The structural stability and efficient adsorption capacity of adsorbent was proved after four times adsorption–desorption cycles and after that uptake capacity was 19.35 mg/g. Discussion and Conclusion: The results showed that the synthesized nanocomposite could be used as a potentially good adsorbent to remove Zn2+ simultaneously in aqueous solutions.Keywords: Bio-nanocomposite; Chitosan; Graphene oxide; Zinc metal; Wastewater
{"title":"حذف فلز سنگین روی از فاضلاب با استفاده از نانوکامپوزیت طبیعی کیتوسان/ اکسید گرافن استخراج شده از ضایعات میگو","authors":"Malihe Amini, Atena Naeimi, Melika Rahimi","doi":"10.22034/JEST.2021.51611.5032","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.22034/JEST.2021.51611.5032","url":null,"abstract":"Background and Objective: Heavy metal pollution accounts are the most important of water pollutions for a considerable proportion due to the serious diseases jeopardized the ecological environment and human life and health. Therefore, immediate and expanded attention is required to remove toxic metal ions from contaminated water.Methods: The effects of initial solution pH (2-7), chitosan/graphene oxide biosorbent dose (0-1.5 g/l), initial zinc (II) concentration (10-200 mg/l) and contact time on the uptake capacity of metal (30- 420 min) were investigated.Findings: This nanocomposite was exhibited the highest metal ions uptake capacity (89.2 mg/g) at pH value of 4.0, biomass dose 0.01 g/l, metal concentration of 200 mg/l and contact time 420 min. The structural stability and efficient adsorption capacity of adsorbent was proved after four times adsorption–desorption cycles and after that uptake capacity was 19.35 mg/g. Discussion and Conclusion: The results showed that the synthesized nanocomposite could be used as a potentially good adsorbent to remove Zn2+ simultaneously in aqueous solutions.Keywords: Bio-nanocomposite; Chitosan; Graphene oxide; Zinc metal; Wastewater","PeriodicalId":15762,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Environmental Science and Technology","volume":"130 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-08-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"85290852","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-08-16DOI: 10.22034/JEST.2021.47723.4885
M. Madadi, Mohsen Ghaemi Khargh
Mining of cryptocurrencies is one of the important phenomena attracting the attention of a great number of people due to its tremendous profit; however, the said profit for a limited number of people is turning into a challenge for the planet earth. As a result, an increase in the power demand causes an increase in the greenhouse gas emission and eventually leads to two degrees of global warming. This is a library research using the inductive-deductive method. Beside reviewing the equation ratio of “environment” and “economy resulted from Mining cryptocurrency”, this research suggests some strategies for prevention of the said problems and reviews the civil liability of Mining of such currencies. It is concluded that the Mining should bear the consequences of their profitability based on the theories of “No-Damage” and “Risk” and they should try to compensate the damages. Taking into account the existing complex situation of the environment, the method of compensating the damages is in line with the reality.
{"title":"An Analysis of the Civil Liability for Environmental Damages Resulted from Cryptocurrency Mining","authors":"M. Madadi, Mohsen Ghaemi Khargh","doi":"10.22034/JEST.2021.47723.4885","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.22034/JEST.2021.47723.4885","url":null,"abstract":"Mining of cryptocurrencies is one of the important phenomena attracting the attention of a great number of people due to its tremendous profit; however, the said profit for a limited number of people is turning into a challenge for the planet earth. As a result, an increase in the power demand causes an increase in the greenhouse gas emission and eventually leads to two degrees of global warming. This is a library research using the inductive-deductive method. Beside reviewing the equation ratio of “environment” and “economy resulted from Mining cryptocurrency”, this research suggests some strategies for prevention of the said problems and reviews the civil liability of Mining of such currencies. It is concluded that the Mining should bear the consequences of their profitability based on the theories of “No-Damage” and “Risk” and they should try to compensate the damages. Taking into account the existing complex situation of the environment, the method of compensating the damages is in line with the reality.","PeriodicalId":15762,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Environmental Science and Technology","volume":"24 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-08-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"82817568","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-07-17DOI: 10.22034/JEST.2021.51662.5035
M. Shahri, Naghi Fazeli, Mohammadreza Abdoli
Today, as societies grow and grow, environmental pollution is seen not as a global concern today, but as a future concern, and as a result the increasing level of green performance in various areas from accounting to production and supply chains. And ... one of the most important strategic approaches in this field can be considered. The need to focus on entrepreneurial orientation as a strategic principle will be a way to improve and develop these businesses effectively in the economies of societies, especially developing societies such as our own. Better management of environmental costs can also improve the company's environmental performance and bring significant benefits to the community and help sustainably develop companies in a competitive marketplace based on corporate social responsibility for the future. The Purpose of this research is Total Interpretive Structure Model Strategic Consequences of Green Accounting. Design/methodology/approach: In this research based on qualitative and quantitative methodology, 14 university experts in the field of accounting and finance were involved in meta-analysis and Delphi to identify the components and indicators of the research from the same research and then to reach the theoretical adequacy of the identified components and indices was analyzed using Delphi analysis. In quantitative part, with the participation of 5 managers of Tehran Stock Exchange companies, using matrix questionnaires, the identified indicators were stratified to range from the most influential to the least effective ones. Finding: The results in the qualitative analysis section indicate the existence of two main components in the form of the final index based on theoretical adequacy, and in the quantitative section, the index of higher market share (O4) and controlling stakeholder pressures to achieve demands (O5) Component Indicators of Green Accounting Competitive Outcomes; Reducing Information Asymmetry (O7); Feedback Information Flow to Shareholders (O8).
{"title":"Total Interpretive Structure Model Strategic Consequences of Green Accounting: A Case Study of Tehran Stock Exchange Companies","authors":"M. Shahri, Naghi Fazeli, Mohammadreza Abdoli","doi":"10.22034/JEST.2021.51662.5035","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.22034/JEST.2021.51662.5035","url":null,"abstract":"Today, as societies grow and grow, environmental pollution is seen not as a global concern today, but as a future concern, and as a result the increasing level of green performance in various areas from accounting to production and supply chains. And ... one of the most important strategic approaches in this field can be considered. The need to focus on entrepreneurial orientation as a strategic principle will be a way to improve and develop these businesses effectively in the economies of societies, especially developing societies such as our own. Better management of environmental costs can also improve the company's environmental performance and bring significant benefits to the community and help sustainably develop companies in a competitive marketplace based on corporate social responsibility for the future. The Purpose of this research is Total Interpretive Structure Model Strategic Consequences of Green Accounting. Design/methodology/approach: In this research based on qualitative and quantitative methodology, 14 university experts in the field of accounting and finance were involved in meta-analysis and Delphi to identify the components and indicators of the research from the same research and then to reach the theoretical adequacy of the identified components and indices was analyzed using Delphi analysis. In quantitative part, with the participation of 5 managers of Tehran Stock Exchange companies, using matrix questionnaires, the identified indicators were stratified to range from the most influential to the least effective ones. Finding: The results in the qualitative analysis section indicate the existence of two main components in the form of the final index based on theoretical adequacy, and in the quantitative section, the index of higher market share (O4) and controlling stakeholder pressures to achieve demands (O5) Component Indicators of Green Accounting Competitive Outcomes; Reducing Information Asymmetry (O7); Feedback Information Flow to Shareholders (O8).","PeriodicalId":15762,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Environmental Science and Technology","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-07-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"85177197","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-07-12DOI: 10.22034/JEST.2021.48591.4872
D. Akhzari, H. Nouri, Ahmad Asadi Meyabadi
Background and Objective: One of the most important consequences of drought is reducing the amount of vegetation. Reducing vegetation, and environmental conditions lead various problems such as soil erosion, increased runoff levels and flood risk. Accordingly, evaluation of the effects of drought on vegetation has a great importance. The purpose of this study is to use the Drought Effect Index (IDI), remotely sensed data and terrestrial data in the study area.Method: The IDI index, indicates the long-term effects of climate conditions in the study area on the vegetation cover in area. In this study, the IDI index combines data of the meteorological stations of Malayer Plain to prepare rainfall and temperature maps (information from 5 synoptic stations inside and outside of study area with a 19-years scale) and a series of Landsat TM satellites and ETM + were calculated for the NDVI vegetation mapping (including 6 images in May and 2000, 2002, 2007, 2009, 2013 and 2015). The zonation map was prepared based on this information. Findings: The results showed that there is a meaningful correlation between aggregate data (IDI) and SPI index, indicates the efficiency of combined data. Results of Pearson correlation showed that there is a significant correlation between the mean SPI and IDI of 0.963 at a significant level of 0.01. Discussion and Conclusions: So far, land and satellite data have been widely used for the study of droughts, but the index derived from the integration of these data has received little attention from researchers, so the aim and innovation of this research is to make it possible to use drought impact index (IDI). Combine terrestrial and satellite data in the study area.
{"title":"Drought zoning using satellite and terrestrial data (Case study: Malayer Plain)","authors":"D. Akhzari, H. Nouri, Ahmad Asadi Meyabadi","doi":"10.22034/JEST.2021.48591.4872","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.22034/JEST.2021.48591.4872","url":null,"abstract":"Background and Objective: One of the most important consequences of drought is reducing the amount of vegetation. Reducing vegetation, and environmental conditions lead various problems such as soil erosion, increased runoff levels and flood risk. Accordingly, evaluation of the effects of drought on vegetation has a great importance. The purpose of this study is to use the Drought Effect Index (IDI), remotely sensed data and terrestrial data in the study area.Method: The IDI index, indicates the long-term effects of climate conditions in the study area on the vegetation cover in area. In this study, the IDI index combines data of the meteorological stations of Malayer Plain to prepare rainfall and temperature maps (information from 5 synoptic stations inside and outside of study area with a 19-years scale) and a series of Landsat TM satellites and ETM + were calculated for the NDVI vegetation mapping (including 6 images in May and 2000, 2002, 2007, 2009, 2013 and 2015). The zonation map was prepared based on this information. Findings: The results showed that there is a meaningful correlation between aggregate data (IDI) and SPI index, indicates the efficiency of combined data. Results of Pearson correlation showed that there is a significant correlation between the mean SPI and IDI of 0.963 at a significant level of 0.01. Discussion and Conclusions: So far, land and satellite data have been widely used for the study of droughts, but the index derived from the integration of these data has received little attention from researchers, so the aim and innovation of this research is to make it possible to use drought impact index (IDI). Combine terrestrial and satellite data in the study area.","PeriodicalId":15762,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Environmental Science and Technology","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-07-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"82396828","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-07-12DOI: 10.22034/JEST.2021.45374.4729
M. Etemad, N. Nezafati, M. Fathi
Background and Objective: Increasing greenhouse gas emissions and pollutants has led organizers and researchers to seek to design and set up networks that focus on environmental factors and reduce pollutants in all sectors. Therefore, the main objective of this paper is to present a fuzzy mathematical programming model for the green closed loop supply chain network, taking into account customer relationship management.Method: This is an applied-development study implemented in Saba Battery Company. In this study, a mixed integer linear programming model is proposed for designing a closed loop supply chain network that seeks to minimize costs and minimize environmental impacts. Also, the concept of customer relationship management in the form of the third objective function has been added to maximize the amount of worn-out product collected to this model.Results: Given that the proposed model belongs to the NP-hard category, a multi-objective genetic algorithm is used to solve the model, and finally, the Pareto's solutions are determined. Based on the results, the two objectives of the economic and environmental objectives are contradictory. That is, moving each one toward the desired one requires movement of the other objective function to the undesirable.Conclusion: In this research, the proposed mathematical programming model has been solved with a multi-objective genetic algorithm, which results indicate the location and capacity of the facility, the amount of production, the amount of inventory and the amount of transportation of the products.
{"title":"Green- Closed Loop Supply Chain Network Design by Considering Customer Relationship Management and solving it using Multi-Objective Genetic Algorithm","authors":"M. Etemad, N. Nezafati, M. Fathi","doi":"10.22034/JEST.2021.45374.4729","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.22034/JEST.2021.45374.4729","url":null,"abstract":"Background and Objective: Increasing greenhouse gas emissions and pollutants has led organizers and researchers to seek to design and set up networks that focus on environmental factors and reduce pollutants in all sectors. Therefore, the main objective of this paper is to present a fuzzy mathematical programming model for the green closed loop supply chain network, taking into account customer relationship management.Method: This is an applied-development study implemented in Saba Battery Company. In this study, a mixed integer linear programming model is proposed for designing a closed loop supply chain network that seeks to minimize costs and minimize environmental impacts. Also, the concept of customer relationship management in the form of the third objective function has been added to maximize the amount of worn-out product collected to this model.Results: Given that the proposed model belongs to the NP-hard category, a multi-objective genetic algorithm is used to solve the model, and finally, the Pareto's solutions are determined. Based on the results, the two objectives of the economic and environmental objectives are contradictory. That is, moving each one toward the desired one requires movement of the other objective function to the undesirable.Conclusion: In this research, the proposed mathematical programming model has been solved with a multi-objective genetic algorithm, which results indicate the location and capacity of the facility, the amount of production, the amount of inventory and the amount of transportation of the products.","PeriodicalId":15762,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Environmental Science and Technology","volume":"113 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-07-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"74653806","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-07-06DOI: 10.22034/JEST.2021.4899.1425
H. Rezaei, Gholamabas Falah, M. Karami
Today the tourism industry is considered one of the biggest industries in the world and is responsible for the highest percentage of the world’s employment. This industry is very dependent on the climate of a region and many tourism destinations by using this factor have become a renewable and profitable source of tourism in specific seasons. The climate of a region can be one of its natural appeals. City of Neishabur because of its natural landscapes, adequate climate and appropriate water resources is one of the areas with potential for tourism development. In this study we tried to assess Neishabur’s bioclmati conditions according to Terjung, Evanz, Thermohigrometric, and Misnard indices using statistical synoptic data from neishabur station from the years 1990-2010. The resus obtained indicate that a wide range of bioclimatic conditions from hot to cold exist in this region annually. As a whole, Neishabur’s comfort period starts in month of May and lasts early November. Furthermore, the results of this research are adequate biclimatic information for authorithies and planners in order to use them in various developmental activities such as tourism development.
{"title":"Investigate the potential for developing eco-tourism case study: Neshabuor","authors":"H. Rezaei, Gholamabas Falah, M. Karami","doi":"10.22034/JEST.2021.4899.1425","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.22034/JEST.2021.4899.1425","url":null,"abstract":"Today the tourism industry is considered one of the biggest industries in the world and is responsible for the highest percentage of the world’s employment. This industry is very dependent on the climate of a region and many tourism destinations by using this factor have become a renewable and profitable source of tourism in specific seasons. The climate of a region can be one of its natural appeals. City of Neishabur because of its natural landscapes, adequate climate and appropriate water resources is one of the areas with potential for tourism development. In this study we tried to assess Neishabur’s bioclmati conditions according to Terjung, Evanz, Thermohigrometric, and Misnard indices using statistical synoptic data from neishabur station from the years 1990-2010. The resus obtained indicate that a wide range of bioclimatic conditions from hot to cold exist in this region annually. As a whole, Neishabur’s comfort period starts in month of May and lasts early November. Furthermore, the results of this research are adequate biclimatic information for authorithies and planners in order to use them in various developmental activities such as tourism development.","PeriodicalId":15762,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Environmental Science and Technology","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-07-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"88695120","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Today, due to high prices and destructive effects of uncontrolled use of chemical fertilizers on the environment and the quantity and quality of agricultural products, use of sulfur as a food ingredient and acidifying soil considered., its role in soil improvement and agricultural production. In order to evaluate and compare the effect of sulfur on yield and the ability to absorb nutrients, on oilseed safflower, canola, corn and fodder plants sorghum and pigweed in a calcareous soil a factorial experiment was conducted based on randomized complete blocks design with three replications. The experimental factors contain sulfur fertilizer in two levels without application and consumed 500 kilograms per hectare. The results showed that the use of sulfur caused a significant increase in wet and dry weight in all plant species and the maximum increase was observed in corn and sorghum species. The use of sulfur causes significant increase absorption of iron and zinc in roots and shoots of all species of plant. Among the oilseeds, the effect of sulfur application on corn and canola was higher than safflower, and the sorghum forage had better performance than the pigweed.
{"title":"Comparison the effect of sulfur on yield and nutrient uptake in oilseed crops and forage plants","authors":"ریحانه دهقان, سارا عبدالهی, علی اکبر کریمیان, سمیه قاسمی, ملیحه امینی","doi":"10.22034/JEST.2019.40991.4515","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.22034/JEST.2019.40991.4515","url":null,"abstract":"Today, due to high prices and destructive effects of uncontrolled use of chemical fertilizers on the environment and the quantity and quality of agricultural products, use of sulfur as a food ingredient and acidifying soil considered., its role in soil improvement and agricultural production. In order to evaluate and compare the effect of sulfur on yield and the ability to absorb nutrients, on oilseed safflower, canola, corn and fodder plants sorghum and pigweed in a calcareous soil a factorial experiment was conducted based on randomized complete blocks design with three replications. The experimental factors contain sulfur fertilizer in two levels without application and consumed 500 kilograms per hectare. The results showed that the use of sulfur caused a significant increase in wet and dry weight in all plant species and the maximum increase was observed in corn and sorghum species. The use of sulfur causes significant increase absorption of iron and zinc in roots and shoots of all species of plant. Among the oilseeds, the effect of sulfur application on corn and canola was higher than safflower, and the sorghum forage had better performance than the pigweed.","PeriodicalId":15762,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Environmental Science and Technology","volume":"23 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-07-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"83235526","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-06-28DOI: 10.22034/JEST.2021.37407.4363
Zohreh Khoshraftar, Ali Akbar Safekordi, Ali Shamel, Mohammad Zaefizadeh
Background and Objective: This widespread use of synthetic pesticides for agricultural has resulted in the presence of their residues in rivers, lakes, sea, soils groundwater, and even drinking water, proves the high risk of these chemical insecticides on human health, toxicity to nontarget organisms. The plant extracts derived from A. absinthium and Pelargonium leaves were evaluated due to the esterified and phenolic compounds observed for their insecticidal activity towards green peach aphid. Green peach aphid (Scientific name: Myzus persicae) (In English: Green peach aphid) In Iran, the aphid attacked the leaves of peach, apple, cherry, apricot and also plants such as tomato, potato and eggplant make it complex, decreased growth, shriveling of the leaves and the death of various tissues and can cause severe damage. Method: The extract was analyzed by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS). Evaluation of the efficacy of different concentration of plant extracts (0, 10, 50, 100, 150, 200, 250, 300, 400 and 500 ppm) on green peach aphid with leaf dipping method.Findings: The main compounds of the A. absinthium were 1,2-Benzenedicarboxylic (37.48 %),Benzoic acid, ethyl ester (4.40 %), 3,7-Di-tert-butyl-1-naphthol (13.47 %) and Cyclohexanol (3.06 %). The main compounds of the Pelargonium extract were Tetradecane (22.62 %) and Dibutyl phthalate (13.80 %). The results showed that A. absinthium treatment was the most efficacious with LC50= 218.43 ppm. Discussion and Conclusion: Increasing in concentration of plant extracts led to increased green peach aphid mortality percent. It seems that extracts of A. absinthium and Pelargonium affects the pest green peach aphid and can be an effective and inexpensive alternative to chemical pesticides.
{"title":"اثر عصاره های هیدروالکلی افسنطین Artemisia absinthium و شمعدانی Pelargonum graveolens بر شته سبز هلو Myzus persicae در راستای معرفی حشره کش سالم","authors":"Zohreh Khoshraftar, Ali Akbar Safekordi, Ali Shamel, Mohammad Zaefizadeh","doi":"10.22034/JEST.2021.37407.4363","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.22034/JEST.2021.37407.4363","url":null,"abstract":"Background and Objective: This widespread use of synthetic pesticides for agricultural has resulted in the presence of their residues in rivers, lakes, sea, soils groundwater, and even drinking water, proves the high risk of these chemical insecticides on human health, toxicity to nontarget organisms. The plant extracts derived from A. absinthium and Pelargonium leaves were evaluated due to the esterified and phenolic compounds observed for their insecticidal activity towards green peach aphid. Green peach aphid (Scientific name: Myzus persicae) (In English: Green peach aphid) In Iran, the aphid attacked the leaves of peach, apple, cherry, apricot and also plants such as tomato, potato and eggplant make it complex, decreased growth, shriveling of the leaves and the death of various tissues and can cause severe damage. Method: The extract was analyzed by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS). Evaluation of the efficacy of different concentration of plant extracts (0, 10, 50, 100, 150, 200, 250, 300, 400 and 500 ppm) on green peach aphid with leaf dipping method.Findings: The main compounds of the A. absinthium were 1,2-Benzenedicarboxylic (37.48 %),Benzoic acid, ethyl ester (4.40 %), 3,7-Di-tert-butyl-1-naphthol (13.47 %) and Cyclohexanol (3.06 %). The main compounds of the Pelargonium extract were Tetradecane (22.62 %) and Dibutyl phthalate (13.80 %). The results showed that A. absinthium treatment was the most efficacious with LC50= 218.43 ppm. Discussion and Conclusion: Increasing in concentration of plant extracts led to increased green peach aphid mortality percent. It seems that extracts of A. absinthium and Pelargonium affects the pest green peach aphid and can be an effective and inexpensive alternative to chemical pesticides.","PeriodicalId":15762,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Environmental Science and Technology","volume":"48 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-06-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"85022137","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-06-28DOI: 10.22034/JEST.2021.49836.4937
سید علی بنی هاشمی, محمد علی خلیل زاده, علی رضا شهرکی, محسن رستمی مال خلیفه, سید سعید رضا احمدی زاده
زمینه و هدف: صنعت ساختوساز و اجرای طرحهای عمرانی، بهعنوان یکی از عوامل آلودگیهای زیستمحیطی بهشمار میروند. توجه به اثرات تخریبی و آلودگیهای ایجاد شده از اجرای طرحهای عمرانی، لزوم ارزیابی اثرات زیستمحیطی و شناخت آنها را در جهت کاهش اثرات، امری ضروری میسازد. هدف از انجام این پژوهش ارزیابی اثرات زیستمحیطی پروژه آبرسانی روستایی در شهرستان بیرجند با استفاده از روش ماتریس لئوپولد ایرانی است.روش بررسی: در این پژوهش ارزیابی اثرات منفی زیستمحیطی اجرای پروژه آبرسانی روستایی در دو محیط فیزیکی-شیمیایی و بیولوژیکی و در فاز ساختمانی با استفاده از روش ماتریس ایرانی انجام پذیرفته است. به این منظور برای ارزیابی اثرات زیستمحیطی حالتهای اجرایی مختلفی برای اجرای فعالیتهای پروژه تدوین شده و به ازای هر کدام از آنها ماتریس لئوپولد تشکیل گردیده است.یافتهها: نتایج نشان داد که میانگین اثرات زیستمحیطی در دوران ساخت در هفت حالت اجرایی مورد بررسی بر محیط به میزان (58/1-)، (95/1-)، (15/2-)، (25/2-)، (2-)، (21/2-) و (22/2-) است. همچنین تعداد پیامدهای زیستمحیطی در آلودگی آبهای سطحی و زیرزمینی بیشترین و مناطق حفاظت شده کمترین مقدار را دارند.بحث و نتیجهگیری: با توجه به تحلیل انجام شده در هیچیک از ردیفها و ستونهای هفت ماتریس بررسی شده برای حالتهای اجرایی، میانگین ردهبندی کمتر از (1/3-) یافت نشد، لذا انجام پروژه آبرسانی مورد تأیید میباشد. برای کاهش اثرات نیز کمترین میزان اثرات زیستمحیطی هر فعالیت انتخاب گردید که باعث میشود میانگین اثرات زیستمحیطی کل پروژه (52/1-) گردد.
{"title":"بهینه سازی اثرات زیست محیطی ناشی از صنعت ساخت وساز با چندین حالت اجرایی فعالیت ها: روش ماتریس لئوپولد ایرانی","authors":"سید علی بنی هاشمی, محمد علی خلیل زاده, علی رضا شهرکی, محسن رستمی مال خلیفه, سید سعید رضا احمدی زاده","doi":"10.22034/JEST.2021.49836.4937","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.22034/JEST.2021.49836.4937","url":null,"abstract":"زمینه و هدف: صنعت ساختوساز و اجرای طرحهای عمرانی، بهعنوان یکی از عوامل آلودگیهای زیستمحیطی بهشمار میروند. توجه به اثرات تخریبی و آلودگیهای ایجاد شده از اجرای طرحهای عمرانی، لزوم ارزیابی اثرات زیستمحیطی و شناخت آنها را در جهت کاهش اثرات، امری ضروری میسازد. هدف از انجام این پژوهش ارزیابی اثرات زیستمحیطی پروژه آبرسانی روستایی در شهرستان بیرجند با استفاده از روش ماتریس لئوپولد ایرانی است.روش بررسی: در این پژوهش ارزیابی اثرات منفی زیستمحیطی اجرای پروژه آبرسانی روستایی در دو محیط فیزیکی-شیمیایی و بیولوژیکی و در فاز ساختمانی با استفاده از روش ماتریس ایرانی انجام پذیرفته است. به این منظور برای ارزیابی اثرات زیستمحیطی حالتهای اجرایی مختلفی برای اجرای فعالیتهای پروژه تدوین شده و به ازای هر کدام از آنها ماتریس لئوپولد تشکیل گردیده است.یافتهها: نتایج نشان داد که میانگین اثرات زیستمحیطی در دوران ساخت در هفت حالت اجرایی مورد بررسی بر محیط به میزان (58/1-)، (95/1-)، (15/2-)، (25/2-)، (2-)، (21/2-) و (22/2-) است. همچنین تعداد پیامدهای زیستمحیطی در آلودگی آبهای سطحی و زیرزمینی بیشترین و مناطق حفاظت شده کمترین مقدار را دارند.بحث و نتیجهگیری: با توجه به تحلیل انجام شده در هیچیک از ردیفها و ستونهای هفت ماتریس بررسی شده برای حالتهای اجرایی، میانگین ردهبندی کمتر از (1/3-) یافت نشد، لذا انجام پروژه آبرسانی مورد تأیید میباشد. برای کاهش اثرات نیز کمترین میزان اثرات زیستمحیطی هر فعالیت انتخاب گردید که باعث میشود میانگین اثرات زیستمحیطی کل پروژه (52/1-) گردد.","PeriodicalId":15762,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Environmental Science and Technology","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-06-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"80894703","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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