Pub Date : 2020-11-23DOI: 10.23919/ENC48637.2020.9317465
E. Reitbauer, Christoph Schmied, M. Wieser
In windrow composting, the most common method of commercial composting, heaps of bio-waste are turned periodically with compost turners to ensure aeration. Operating compost turners is a tedious task, and it is therefore often difficult for plant operators to find personnel. This problem could be solved with the help of self-driving compost turners. This paper presents a concept for a navigation module of an autonomous compost turner. It analyses the process of windrow composting, derives requirements for an autonomous system and presents an overview of a system design for tracked compost turners. Furthermore, it presents results of a conceptual pre-study which tested a series of navigation sensors in the environment of a composting plant. For the evaluation of the achievable accuracies, a reference trajectory was measured with robotic total stations. The tested navigation sensors are evaluated with regard to their suitability to be used for autonomous compost turners.
{"title":"Autonomous Navigation Module for Tracked Compost Turners","authors":"E. Reitbauer, Christoph Schmied, M. Wieser","doi":"10.23919/ENC48637.2020.9317465","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.23919/ENC48637.2020.9317465","url":null,"abstract":"In windrow composting, the most common method of commercial composting, heaps of bio-waste are turned periodically with compost turners to ensure aeration. Operating compost turners is a tedious task, and it is therefore often difficult for plant operators to find personnel. This problem could be solved with the help of self-driving compost turners. This paper presents a concept for a navigation module of an autonomous compost turner. It analyses the process of windrow composting, derives requirements for an autonomous system and presents an overview of a system design for tracked compost turners. Furthermore, it presents results of a conceptual pre-study which tested a series of navigation sensors in the environment of a composting plant. For the evaluation of the achievable accuracies, a reference trajectory was measured with robotic total stations. The tested navigation sensors are evaluated with regard to their suitability to be used for autonomous compost turners.","PeriodicalId":157951,"journal":{"name":"2020 European Navigation Conference (ENC)","volume":"118 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-11-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"126867909","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2020-11-23DOI: 10.23919/ENC48637.2020.9317455
J. Noh, D. Lim, G. Jo, Sang Jeong Lee
In this paper, TTFFD according to the length of CED and the length of message frame is analyzed in order to design the structure of message of new satellite navigation signal. The GPS CNA V and GPS CNA V-2 message is used structures as the basis for the message structure of the new navigation signal. In addition, the data rate of the navigation data other than the CED during the maximum broadcast interval of CED is analyzed. From the results, TTFFD is the best in the structure of CNA V-2 format. However, considering both TTFFD and the data rate of additional navigation information, it is thought that CNA V format based message structure is appropriate as a message structure of new satellite navigation signal.
{"title":"Considerations for message design of new satellite navigation signal","authors":"J. Noh, D. Lim, G. Jo, Sang Jeong Lee","doi":"10.23919/ENC48637.2020.9317455","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.23919/ENC48637.2020.9317455","url":null,"abstract":"In this paper, TTFFD according to the length of CED and the length of message frame is analyzed in order to design the structure of message of new satellite navigation signal. The GPS CNA V and GPS CNA V-2 message is used structures as the basis for the message structure of the new navigation signal. In addition, the data rate of the navigation data other than the CED during the maximum broadcast interval of CED is analyzed. From the results, TTFFD is the best in the structure of CNA V-2 format. However, considering both TTFFD and the data rate of additional navigation information, it is thought that CNA V format based message structure is appropriate as a message structure of new satellite navigation signal.","PeriodicalId":157951,"journal":{"name":"2020 European Navigation Conference (ENC)","volume":"21 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-11-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"125645354","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2020-11-23DOI: 10.23919/ENC48637.2020.9317388
E. Batori, N. Almat, C. Affolderbach, F. Gruet, G. Mileti
In this communication, we give an overview of the field of space atomic clocks and motivate the need for novel types of space atomic clocks, notably based on laser technology. We outline the development status of our pulsed laser-pumped Rb clock in view of combined state-of-the-art stability (~10−14 @ 1 day) and small volume (< 5L). The frequency and intensity stability of a custom made compact pulsed laser source is discussed in view of its implementation in the pulsed laser-pumped clock. Finally, we analyze spectral aging data for a DFB laser diode accumulated over several years and discuss new lines of atomic clock development.
{"title":"High-Performance Pulsed Laser-Pumped Rb Clock for GNSS","authors":"E. Batori, N. Almat, C. Affolderbach, F. Gruet, G. Mileti","doi":"10.23919/ENC48637.2020.9317388","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.23919/ENC48637.2020.9317388","url":null,"abstract":"In this communication, we give an overview of the field of space atomic clocks and motivate the need for novel types of space atomic clocks, notably based on laser technology. We outline the development status of our pulsed laser-pumped Rb clock in view of combined state-of-the-art stability (~10−14 @ 1 day) and small volume (< 5L). The frequency and intensity stability of a custom made compact pulsed laser source is discussed in view of its implementation in the pulsed laser-pumped clock. Finally, we analyze spectral aging data for a DFB laser diode accumulated over several years and discuss new lines of atomic clock development.","PeriodicalId":157951,"journal":{"name":"2020 European Navigation Conference (ENC)","volume":"29 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-11-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"114498491","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2020-11-23DOI: 10.23919/ENC48637.2020.9317407
J. Berdermann, H. Sato, M. Kriegel, T. Fujiwara, T. Tsujii
The development of operational ICAO Space Weather Center to support aviation community has made significant progress during the last two years, resulting in the start of a continuous service to ICAO on 07. November 2019. Although this service is recently the most advanced space weather service in terms of operability and space weather forecasting, there is still important research and development ahead to address the need of the different stakeholders and use-cases in the aviation domain. Especially the impact of spatial and temporal ionospheric gradients as caused by small scale ionospheric irregularities or ionospheric storms is a threat for GNSS augmentation systems as well as for onboard GNSS receivers. Strong disturbances are able to produce severe scintillations or even can cause disruption of communication and data links, whereas strong ionospheric plasma gradients may lead to hazardous misleading information for the positioning domain, especially for differential GNSS applications. Here, we investigate the effect of equatorial ionospheric scintillation on the GNSS based positioning in aviation. We focus on the Equatorial region where small scale ionospheric irregularities, like the so called “plasma bubbles” occur frequently. The analysis is based on high rate GNSS data collected during high solar activity from a coordinated measurement campaign at the European (Tenerife) and Asian (Ishigaki) region. Statistical information about the Loss of Lock probability are assessed, which are important information to develop related GNSS models for aviation to improve forecasts/nowcasts alerts for GNSS-related services.
{"title":"Effects Of Equatorial Ionospheric Scintillation For GNSS Based Positioning In Aviation","authors":"J. Berdermann, H. Sato, M. Kriegel, T. Fujiwara, T. Tsujii","doi":"10.23919/ENC48637.2020.9317407","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.23919/ENC48637.2020.9317407","url":null,"abstract":"The development of operational ICAO Space Weather Center to support aviation community has made significant progress during the last two years, resulting in the start of a continuous service to ICAO on 07. November 2019. Although this service is recently the most advanced space weather service in terms of operability and space weather forecasting, there is still important research and development ahead to address the need of the different stakeholders and use-cases in the aviation domain. Especially the impact of spatial and temporal ionospheric gradients as caused by small scale ionospheric irregularities or ionospheric storms is a threat for GNSS augmentation systems as well as for onboard GNSS receivers. Strong disturbances are able to produce severe scintillations or even can cause disruption of communication and data links, whereas strong ionospheric plasma gradients may lead to hazardous misleading information for the positioning domain, especially for differential GNSS applications. Here, we investigate the effect of equatorial ionospheric scintillation on the GNSS based positioning in aviation. We focus on the Equatorial region where small scale ionospheric irregularities, like the so called “plasma bubbles” occur frequently. The analysis is based on high rate GNSS data collected during high solar activity from a coordinated measurement campaign at the European (Tenerife) and Asian (Ishigaki) region. Statistical information about the Loss of Lock probability are assessed, which are important information to develop related GNSS models for aviation to improve forecasts/nowcasts alerts for GNSS-related services.","PeriodicalId":157951,"journal":{"name":"2020 European Navigation Conference (ENC)","volume":"24 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-11-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"126989214","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2020-11-23DOI: 10.23919/ENC48637.2020.9317310
D. Flament, David Thomas, C. Lopez, J. Melinotte, K. Urbanska, X. Derambure, Arnaud Boisseau
EGNOS is the first generation satellite navigation system developed in Europe. The Implementation phase started in 1999 and the entry into Safety Of Life operations has been declared in 2011. It has been designed for stringent Civil Aviation operations (up to Precision Approach Category 1) which are guaranteed all over the EU and is compliant to the International ICAO Standards. The system concept corresponds to the SBAS (defined by ICAO), standing for Satellite Based Augmentation Systems. It is based on a ground segment augmenting existing GNSS signals and delivering to the end users in quasi real time, a very reliable set of corrections, then improving the accuracy and the integrity of the positioning. EGNOS is the second system of a worldwide family of similar regional systems of other regions of the world (North America, Japan, India, South Korea, China, etc…). As these systems have to be designed, qualified, operated and maintained in full interoperability with the others of the same family, an international working group called SBAS Interoperability Working Group was created in 1997 by the US FAA and ESA, which has grown since 1997, now gathering more than 10 SBAS Development Agencies / Service Providers. This paper, in its first part, will provide a detailed update on the status, organisation and main achievements of this International SBAS Interoperability Working Group, and in particular, present the status of the Global SBAS project combining all SBAS development and modernization projects around the world, for an objective to offer a quasi-global coverage of the SBAS services. At European level, for EGNOS, the Implementation Phase of the second generation of EGNOS called EGNOS V3 has started (January 2018). EGNOS V3 is designed to augment, not only the GPS L1 signals but new signals from both GPS and Galileo in dual frequency L1 and L5, and will then offer significantly enhanced services. The paper will present in its second part the benefits expected from EGNOS V3 and the on-going R&D activities to prepare the future evolutions (post EGNOS V3) addressing, in particular, services outside Aviation.
{"title":"EGNOS System Evolutions in Europe and within the International Multi-SBAS context","authors":"D. Flament, David Thomas, C. Lopez, J. Melinotte, K. Urbanska, X. Derambure, Arnaud Boisseau","doi":"10.23919/ENC48637.2020.9317310","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.23919/ENC48637.2020.9317310","url":null,"abstract":"EGNOS is the first generation satellite navigation system developed in Europe. The Implementation phase started in 1999 and the entry into Safety Of Life operations has been declared in 2011. It has been designed for stringent Civil Aviation operations (up to Precision Approach Category 1) which are guaranteed all over the EU and is compliant to the International ICAO Standards. The system concept corresponds to the SBAS (defined by ICAO), standing for Satellite Based Augmentation Systems. It is based on a ground segment augmenting existing GNSS signals and delivering to the end users in quasi real time, a very reliable set of corrections, then improving the accuracy and the integrity of the positioning. EGNOS is the second system of a worldwide family of similar regional systems of other regions of the world (North America, Japan, India, South Korea, China, etc…). As these systems have to be designed, qualified, operated and maintained in full interoperability with the others of the same family, an international working group called SBAS Interoperability Working Group was created in 1997 by the US FAA and ESA, which has grown since 1997, now gathering more than 10 SBAS Development Agencies / Service Providers. This paper, in its first part, will provide a detailed update on the status, organisation and main achievements of this International SBAS Interoperability Working Group, and in particular, present the status of the Global SBAS project combining all SBAS development and modernization projects around the world, for an objective to offer a quasi-global coverage of the SBAS services. At European level, for EGNOS, the Implementation Phase of the second generation of EGNOS called EGNOS V3 has started (January 2018). EGNOS V3 is designed to augment, not only the GPS L1 signals but new signals from both GPS and Galileo in dual frequency L1 and L5, and will then offer significantly enhanced services. The paper will present in its second part the benefits expected from EGNOS V3 and the on-going R&D activities to prepare the future evolutions (post EGNOS V3) addressing, in particular, services outside Aviation.","PeriodicalId":157951,"journal":{"name":"2020 European Navigation Conference (ENC)","volume":"84 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-11-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"124827549","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2020-11-23DOI: 10.23919/ENC48637.2020.9317376
O. K. Mikhaylova, I. Korogodin, I. V. Lipa
This paper reviews PRN code generation methods. Generated codes are used as ranging codes in the existing GNSSs. These codes are used to improve the accuracy of the ranging measurements. We present the structure of the universal code generator which can be used in the satellite navigation systems: NAVSTAR GPS, GLONASS, Galileo, Beidou. This generator provides the ability to generate ranging codes for almost 70% of all open navigation signals. Universal generator was implemented as a SystemVerilog module as part of the navigation receiver software. Using the receiver including this module, we have successfully received navigation signals that use different PRN codes. We also compared hardware resource utilization by universal generator and by GPS C/A ranging code generator. This analysis showed that the universal generator module uses less than 4 times more FPGA resources than the special GPS C/A generator module. However, the resource utilization of the correlator channel increases by only 5 percent.
{"title":"Universal ranging code generator of GNSS signals","authors":"O. K. Mikhaylova, I. Korogodin, I. V. Lipa","doi":"10.23919/ENC48637.2020.9317376","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.23919/ENC48637.2020.9317376","url":null,"abstract":"This paper reviews PRN code generation methods. Generated codes are used as ranging codes in the existing GNSSs. These codes are used to improve the accuracy of the ranging measurements. We present the structure of the universal code generator which can be used in the satellite navigation systems: NAVSTAR GPS, GLONASS, Galileo, Beidou. This generator provides the ability to generate ranging codes for almost 70% of all open navigation signals. Universal generator was implemented as a SystemVerilog module as part of the navigation receiver software. Using the receiver including this module, we have successfully received navigation signals that use different PRN codes. We also compared hardware resource utilization by universal generator and by GPS C/A ranging code generator. This analysis showed that the universal generator module uses less than 4 times more FPGA resources than the special GPS C/A generator module. However, the resource utilization of the correlator channel increases by only 5 percent.","PeriodicalId":157951,"journal":{"name":"2020 European Navigation Conference (ENC)","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-11-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"130728121","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2020-11-23DOI: 10.23919/ENC48637.2020.9317452
T. Schuldt, M. Gohlke, M. Oswald, J. Sanjuan, T. Wegehaupt, Tim Blomberg, Jan Wüst, Ludwig Blümel, V. Gualani, K. Abich, C. Braxmaier
Future GNSS architectures, such as the proposed Kepler system, foresee optical technologies. Optical frequency references in combination with optical inter-satellite links can improve satellite navigation with respect to intra-system synchronization, accuracy of orbit determination and system monitoring and integrity. We present the current status of our work on optical frequency references based on molecular iodine and on optical resonators. Several setups have been realized with respect to applications in space, being the basis for the Kepler system.
{"title":"Optical Clock Technologies Enabling Advanced GNSS","authors":"T. Schuldt, M. Gohlke, M. Oswald, J. Sanjuan, T. Wegehaupt, Tim Blomberg, Jan Wüst, Ludwig Blümel, V. Gualani, K. Abich, C. Braxmaier","doi":"10.23919/ENC48637.2020.9317452","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.23919/ENC48637.2020.9317452","url":null,"abstract":"Future GNSS architectures, such as the proposed Kepler system, foresee optical technologies. Optical frequency references in combination with optical inter-satellite links can improve satellite navigation with respect to intra-system synchronization, accuracy of orbit determination and system monitoring and integrity. We present the current status of our work on optical frequency references based on molecular iodine and on optical resonators. Several setups have been realized with respect to applications in space, being the basis for the Kepler system.","PeriodicalId":157951,"journal":{"name":"2020 European Navigation Conference (ENC)","volume":"3 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-11-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"128782004","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2020-11-23DOI: 10.23919/ENC48637.2020.9317501
E. P. Marcos, S. Caizzone, M. Cuntz, A. Konovaltsev, M. Meurer
Two miniaturized antenna arrays for GNSS receivers are presented. The effects of the miniaturization on the performance of an interference mitigation STAP algorithm are analyzed. The performance degradation imposed by the miniaturization on the spatial gain is showed and a potential compensation is proposed.
{"title":"Interference Mitigation And Miniaturized Antenna Array Spatial Pattern Compensation With STAP","authors":"E. P. Marcos, S. Caizzone, M. Cuntz, A. Konovaltsev, M. Meurer","doi":"10.23919/ENC48637.2020.9317501","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.23919/ENC48637.2020.9317501","url":null,"abstract":"Two miniaturized antenna arrays for GNSS receivers are presented. The effects of the miniaturization on the performance of an interference mitigation STAP algorithm are analyzed. The performance degradation imposed by the miniaturization on the spatial gain is showed and a potential compensation is proposed.","PeriodicalId":157951,"journal":{"name":"2020 European Navigation Conference (ENC)","volume":"25 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-11-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"123896457","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2020-11-23DOI: 10.23919/ENC48637.2020.9317448
A. Grosch, Omar García Crespillo
Satellite navigation is considered one of the key technologies for future train control and railway signalling. Since Global Navigation Satellite System (GNSS) does not provide a location solution directly on the track domain, the use of a precise railway track map is essential to be integrated with GNSS. However, most current localization solutions assume that the track map, which relates the geographical position of the track with its unique location in the railway network, is perfectly known without any error. In this paper, we investigate and discuss the impact that digital track map errors can have on track-constrained GNSS positioning. First, we derive the mathematical basis that accounts for the propagation of map errors to the position solution. Then, we present the impact on the detection capability of pseudo range faults if these map errors are not known or ignored. The analysis show the importance of accounting properly for these errors to guarantee certain requirement levels.
{"title":"Impact of Unknown Digital Map Errors on Satellite-based Navigation in Railway","authors":"A. Grosch, Omar García Crespillo","doi":"10.23919/ENC48637.2020.9317448","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.23919/ENC48637.2020.9317448","url":null,"abstract":"Satellite navigation is considered one of the key technologies for future train control and railway signalling. Since Global Navigation Satellite System (GNSS) does not provide a location solution directly on the track domain, the use of a precise railway track map is essential to be integrated with GNSS. However, most current localization solutions assume that the track map, which relates the geographical position of the track with its unique location in the railway network, is perfectly known without any error. In this paper, we investigate and discuss the impact that digital track map errors can have on track-constrained GNSS positioning. First, we derive the mathematical basis that accounts for the propagation of map errors to the position solution. Then, we present the impact on the detection capability of pseudo range faults if these map errors are not known or ignored. The analysis show the importance of accounting properly for these errors to guarantee certain requirement levels.","PeriodicalId":157951,"journal":{"name":"2020 European Navigation Conference (ENC)","volume":"39 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-11-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"115555508","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2020-11-23DOI: 10.23919/ENC48637.2020.9317350
A. Brack
Introducing atmospheric delays in the GNSS RTK positioning model significantly weakens the ambiguity resolution performance, causing for instance long times to reliably fix the ambiguities when differential ionospheric delays have to be estimated. In order to overcome this problem, the combination of two strategies is proposed in this paper: the joint processing of five GNSS and partial ambiguity resolution. For GLONASS, the recently introduced integer estimable FDMA model from [1] is employed. We analyze two different partial ambiguity resolution schemes, both with simulations and real GNSS data from an 88.5 km baseline. The results show that instantaneous centimeter level positioning is possible with the ionosphere weighted model, and that on average only 3.5 epochs are required to reach the centimeter level with the ionosphere float model.
{"title":"Rapid Initialization for Long Baseline RTK Positioning: Combined GPS+Galileo+BDS+QZSS+GLONASS with Partial Ambiguity Resolution","authors":"A. Brack","doi":"10.23919/ENC48637.2020.9317350","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.23919/ENC48637.2020.9317350","url":null,"abstract":"Introducing atmospheric delays in the GNSS RTK positioning model significantly weakens the ambiguity resolution performance, causing for instance long times to reliably fix the ambiguities when differential ionospheric delays have to be estimated. In order to overcome this problem, the combination of two strategies is proposed in this paper: the joint processing of five GNSS and partial ambiguity resolution. For GLONASS, the recently introduced integer estimable FDMA model from [1] is employed. We analyze two different partial ambiguity resolution schemes, both with simulations and real GNSS data from an 88.5 km baseline. The results show that instantaneous centimeter level positioning is possible with the ionosphere weighted model, and that on average only 3.5 epochs are required to reach the centimeter level with the ionosphere float model.","PeriodicalId":157951,"journal":{"name":"2020 European Navigation Conference (ENC)","volume":"3 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-11-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"121299507","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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