Journal of gerontological nursing最新文献

Purpose: To examine the use of the PARO robotic pet seal for hospitalized older adults with dementia and compare the effects of PARO use with visits by a human on various outcomes, including physical restraint use, psychotropic medications, bedside sitters, and delirium.

Method: Complete data for 38 participants were analyzed using Mann-Whitney U and chi-square tests.

Results: Participants interacting with PARO spent less time in their interactions; however, they received fewer psychotropic medications and had fewer instances of delirium than those who interacted with human visitors only.

Conclusion: Aspects of hospitalization may limit the time an older adult can sustain attention or be free from interruption; however, short, repeated visits with PARO may affect the development of delirium and decrease use of medications to alter behavior in the hospital setting. [Journal of Gerontological Nursing, 50(10), 11-16.].

Purpose: To explore the experiences of family caregivers of older adults with dementia in Korea during the coronavirus disease 2019 pandemic.

Method: In-depth interviews were conducted with eight family caregivers of older adults with dementia from September to October 2021. Collected data were analyzed using Giorgi's phenomenological methodology.

Results: Four themes were derived: A Rough Journey With Worry, A Desolate Life in a Disconnected World, Frustration Due to Health Deterioration, and Looking Toward the Future Despite Heavy Responsibility.

Conclusion: This study is meaningful as it increases our understanding of the experiences and needs of individuals with dementia and their family caregivers, and results can assist in finding ways to help them cope with their difficulties during future pandemic situations. [Journal of Gerontological Nursing, 50(10), 42-48.].

Purpose: To examine the feasibility and acceptability of progressive whole-body resistance training with social support reinforcement for older adults living alone.

Method: This mixed methods single-group pilot study examined an intervention provided over 3 nonconsecutive days per week for 12 weeks. We evaluated quantitative data on recruitment, uptake, retention, and adherence, and measured pretest and posttest outcome scores on body composition, physical function, and psychosocial health. We conducted a focus group interview to collect qualitative data on participants' perspectives.

Results: Seven participants (five women and two men) completed the program (attendance rate = 88.9%). Physical function and psychosocial health improved, but soft lean and skeletal muscle mass decreased. Five themes emerged from the qualitative data.

Conclusion: Results support the feasibility and benefits of this intervention program for older adults living alone despite challenges with recruitment and uptake. [Journal of Gerontological Nursing, 50(10), 34-41.].

Purpose: To review support systems for nursing home caregivers (NHCGs) that were implemented during the first year of the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic.

Method: Database searches in PubMed, ScienceDirect, and CINAHL resulted in five publications.

Results: Studies differed in design, interventions, and outcomes. An urgent eye movement desensitization and reprocessing protocol was feasible and effective among nurses in services highly mobilized during the acute phase of the pandemic. The "self-help plus" psychological intervention was not associated with significant reductions in anxiety or posttraumatic symptoms but prompted exploration of non-specific factors influencing its effectiveness. The Extension for Community Healthcare Outcomes in Long-Term Care of the Elderly virtual program increased confidence among NHCGs. Self-compassion training was associated with positive changes for certified nursing assistants. Weekly debriefing sessions implemented at one hospital highlighted pathogenic and salutogenic factors.

Conclusion: The COVID-19 pandemic had a marked psychosocial impact on NHCGs and necessitated targeted interventions. Despite their limitations, these promising studies provided insights into potential support avenues. Policy considerations should stress the pivotal role of advanced practice nurses in shaping supportive work environments. Future research should focus on robust assessments of the efficacy of psychosocial interventions for NHCGs facing ongoing challenges posed by the pandemic, and even recurrent viral epidemics. [Journal of Gerontological Nursing, 50(10), 24-33.].

Purpose: To explore barriers and facilitators to nurses' provision of sexual and reproductive health (SRH) care to community-dwelling older adults.

Method: An integrative literature review was performed using Whittemore and Knafl's method. Three databases were searched for research conducted between 2012 and 2023, and the Mixed Methods Appraisal Tool was used to determine the quality of included studies.

Results: Nine studies were ultimately included for analysis, and themes were Barriers to SRH Care and Facilitators of SRH Care. Barriers to SRH Care included: nurses' lack of knowledge about older adults' sexual health, discomfort discussing sexual topics, age-related stereotypes regarding older adults' sexuality, and older adults' lack of knowledge of and reluctance to discuss sexuality and sexual health issues. Facilitators of SRH Care included: gender of health care provider, nursing education on effective communication strategies, encouraging open dialogue to challenge ageist perceptions, and sexual education for older adults.

Conclusion: Findings underscore the impact of stigma and negative ageist assumptions on whether discussions about SRH occur between nurses and older adults. There is a need for comprehensive education for nurses and older adults about SRH to recognize sexual health needs and promote open and constructive conversations. Moreover, research about how to best facilitate older adults' SRH is needed. [Journal of Gerontological Nursing, 50(10), 17-23.].

Purpose: To use machine learning techniques with sensor data to predict fall risk in older adults aging in place.

Method: We tested the feasibility of using anomaly detection on a dataset comprising 315 days of continuous unobtrusive sensor data obtained from a single participant to predict fall risk within a 10-day window. Predictions were validated with performance metrics, including accuracy, F1 score, and receiver operating characteristic-area under curve (ROC-AUC), using actual falls documented in the electronic health record.

Results: The model resulted with accuracy = 0.96 (95% confidence interval [CI] [0.94, 0.99]), F1 = 0.78 (95% CI [0.73, 0.83]), and ROC-AUC = 0.89 (95% CI [0.85, 0.93]).

Conclusion: The application of anomaly detection on sensor data may provide a timely and valid indication of fall risk in older adults within a 10-day window. Further research and validation are warranted to confirm these findings and expand the scope of application in the domain of older adult care and health care support. [Journal of Gerontological Nursing, 50(10), 7-10.].

Purpose: As the number of older adults increases, the volume of alcohol-related problems among the older adult population also rises. The purpose of the current scoping review was to summarize and disseminate research findings related to screening for alcohol use disorder (AUD) in older adults (aged ≥60 years) and determine if research gaps exist in the current literature.

Method: The concepts of older adults, screening tools, AUD, and instrument evaluation were searched in Medline, APA PsycINFO, and CINAHL. After eligibility criteria were established, screening was completed using Covidence software. Data extracted from each study included the instrument used, method of evaluation, and findings.

Results: Seven studies remained after screening. None of the studies took place in the United States. The Alcohol Use Disorders Identification Test and related variations were used most often and were found to be adequate for detecting at-risk drinking among older adults. In addition, some studies suggested lower screening limits for older adults.

Conclusion: As the percentage of older adults engaging in risky or hazardous drinking patterns grows, there is an increased need for AUD screening using a reliable tool. Current research is limited; more research is needed regarding which tools perform best in various settings, as well as how to interpret instrument results for older adults. [Journal of Gerontological Nursing, xx(xx), xx-xx.].

Purpose: Hearing trouble (HT) impairs communication with health care providers (HCPs) and may lead to negative care experiences that impact health outcomes. The current study aimed to examine how HT influences patient perceptions of provider interactions and whether having an accompanying companion during health care visits modifies perceptions of provider interactions.

Method: This cross-sectional study analyzed 9,104 responses from the 2016 Medicare Current Beneficiary Survey.

Results: Compared to beneficiaries without HT, those with HT had greater odds of negative perceptions of HCP interactions. Beneficiaries with HT had greater odds of disagreeing with positive statements about care, including provider competence, provider cares to check everything, provider response, and provider rarely in a hurry. Having an accompanying companion during health care visits was not found to significantly modify perceptions of interactions.

Conclusion: Findings suggest HT is a modifiable factor impacting health care communication. Implementing simple accommodation strategies in clinical practice can improve nursing care for older adults with HT. [Journal of Gerontological Nursing, xx(xx), xx-xx.].

Purpose: To investigate the prevalence of workplace violence (WPV) in home health care and long-term care facilities (LTCFs) and explore the relationship between WPV and worker well-being.

Method: A cross-sectional survey was conducted with health care workers in an agency that provided care in homes or LTCFs. Six measures of worker well-being were collected: satisfaction with work and life, work-related rumination, work/family conflict, burnout, and turnover intention. Surveys also assessed type and frequency of WPV.

Results: Seventeen participants completed surveys. Verbal abuse by patients was the most often experienced type of WPV. Employees who reported experiencing WPV had higher burnout and lower satisfaction with work and life.

Conclusion: WPV routinely occurs in home health care and LTCFs and appears to be related to worker well-being. Facility managers who can control WPV will likely impact the well-being of employees. [Journal of Gerontological Nursing, xx(x), xx-xx.].