Çağlar Genç, Paula Roinesalo, Özge Raudanjoki, Jonna Häkkilä
This paper explores a novel concept of textile-based shadow displays that incorporates shape memory alloys (SMA) on fabrics to cast dynamic shadows as an ambient information display. To explore this, we implemented a lamp prototype, capable of presenting a set of dynamic shadows. These shadows exemplified iconic vs. abstract shadow figures, as well as demonstrating changes in shadow sharpness, size and/or position on the lamp’s shade. We conducted a user study (n =8) to investigate the perception toward our concept. Our findings report that the concept does not only provide the potential for a variety of use cases, dynamic alterations of the shadows feel like a decorative addition to the living spaces, as well as creating relaxing channels of information display.
{"title":"Exploring a Textile-based Shadow Lamp Display Incorporating Shape Memory Alloys","authors":"Çağlar Genç, Paula Roinesalo, Özge Raudanjoki, Jonna Häkkilä","doi":"10.1145/3490632.3490667","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3490632.3490667","url":null,"abstract":"This paper explores a novel concept of textile-based shadow displays that incorporates shape memory alloys (SMA) on fabrics to cast dynamic shadows as an ambient information display. To explore this, we implemented a lamp prototype, capable of presenting a set of dynamic shadows. These shadows exemplified iconic vs. abstract shadow figures, as well as demonstrating changes in shadow sharpness, size and/or position on the lamp’s shade. We conducted a user study (n =8) to investigate the perception toward our concept. Our findings report that the concept does not only provide the potential for a variety of use cases, dynamic alterations of the shadows feel like a decorative addition to the living spaces, as well as creating relaxing channels of information display.","PeriodicalId":158762,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings of the 20th International Conference on Mobile and Ubiquitous Multimedia","volume":"15 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-05-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"121515827","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
We employ the ISO/IEC 25010 standard for systems and software quality requirements and evaluation to present a proposal of a software architecture design for gesture input with two types of wearables: smartwatches, which have already entered mainstream, and smartglasses, forecast to become a growing market due to increased adoption of augmented reality applications. We present the technical details of our software architecture and describe practical implementation aspects that employ web standards.
{"title":"Software Architecture Based on Web Standards for Gesture Input with Smartwatches and Smartglasses","authors":"O. Schipor, Radu-Daniel Vatavu","doi":"10.1145/3490632.3497780","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3490632.3497780","url":null,"abstract":"We employ the ISO/IEC 25010 standard for systems and software quality requirements and evaluation to present a proposal of a software architecture design for gesture input with two types of wearables: smartwatches, which have already entered mainstream, and smartglasses, forecast to become a growing market due to increased adoption of augmented reality applications. We present the technical details of our software architecture and describe practical implementation aspects that employ web standards.","PeriodicalId":158762,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings of the 20th International Conference on Mobile and Ubiquitous Multimedia","volume":"41 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-05-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"133316181","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Alexandra Voit, T. Kosch, Henrike Weingartner, Paweł W. Woźniak
A steadily increasing number of notifications, auditory, visual or ambient, competes for the user’s attention. Frequent unsuitable notifications can lead to a breakdown in efficiency and increase error rates. This paper compares the effectiveness, disruptiveness, and user experience of three different notification modalities: On-Object, ambient On-Environment, and On-Smartphone notifications. In a user study with 24 participants, we evaluate the three notification modalities during a cooking task where users were frequently exposed to notifications. Our results show that ambient On-Environment notifications minimize the time in which users can resume their primary task. Ambient On-Environment notifications were also perceived as least disrupting compared to the other two notification modalities. We discuss the design requirements for non-disruptive notifications in smart home environments and conclude with future strategies for notifying users at different urgency levels.
{"title":"The Attention Kitchen: Comparing Modalities for Smart Home Notifications in a Cooking Scenario","authors":"Alexandra Voit, T. Kosch, Henrike Weingartner, Paweł W. Woźniak","doi":"10.1145/3490632.3490660","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3490632.3490660","url":null,"abstract":"A steadily increasing number of notifications, auditory, visual or ambient, competes for the user’s attention. Frequent unsuitable notifications can lead to a breakdown in efficiency and increase error rates. This paper compares the effectiveness, disruptiveness, and user experience of three different notification modalities: On-Object, ambient On-Environment, and On-Smartphone notifications. In a user study with 24 participants, we evaluate the three notification modalities during a cooking task where users were frequently exposed to notifications. Our results show that ambient On-Environment notifications minimize the time in which users can resume their primary task. Ambient On-Environment notifications were also perceived as least disrupting compared to the other two notification modalities. We discuss the design requirements for non-disruptive notifications in smart home environments and conclude with future strategies for notifying users at different urgency levels.","PeriodicalId":158762,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings of the 20th International Conference on Mobile and Ubiquitous Multimedia","volume":"12 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-05-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"114142497","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Jakob Karolus, Eva Brass, T. Kosch, Albrecht Schmidt, Paweł W. Woźniak
While fitness trackers are increasingly popular among users, recent studies have shown that the health benefits of wearing a tracker are not apparent. The need to explicitly retrieve data can lead to limited benefits. Understanding how users can access, understand, and reflect on their data can lead to building systems that benefit our wellbeing. In this work, we explore the feasibility of using ubiquitous artifacts for unobtrusive feedback in health tracking. We evaluated a concept based on design dimensions for personal visualization on a smart mirror in a user study. Our design puts emphasis on the temporality of presented data. Participants found the visualizations comprehensive, rating cardiac and inertial data most useful as well as approved the different levels of temporal aggregation. Our work contributes findings on how to represent health-related data with ubiquitous artifacts to increase users’ awareness.
{"title":"Mirror, Mirror on the Wall: Exploring Ubiquitous Artifacts for Health Tracking","authors":"Jakob Karolus, Eva Brass, T. Kosch, Albrecht Schmidt, Paweł W. Woźniak","doi":"10.1145/3490632.3490671","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3490632.3490671","url":null,"abstract":"While fitness trackers are increasingly popular among users, recent studies have shown that the health benefits of wearing a tracker are not apparent. The need to explicitly retrieve data can lead to limited benefits. Understanding how users can access, understand, and reflect on their data can lead to building systems that benefit our wellbeing. In this work, we explore the feasibility of using ubiquitous artifacts for unobtrusive feedback in health tracking. We evaluated a concept based on design dimensions for personal visualization on a smart mirror in a user study. Our design puts emphasis on the temporality of presented data. Participants found the visualizations comprehensive, rating cardiac and inertial data most useful as well as approved the different levels of temporal aggregation. Our work contributes findings on how to represent health-related data with ubiquitous artifacts to increase users’ awareness.","PeriodicalId":158762,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings of the 20th International Conference on Mobile and Ubiquitous Multimedia","volume":"91 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-05-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"133657751","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
In this paper, we explore people’s perceptions and usage of social media during the COVID-19 pandemic, and how it had changed compared to the pre-pandemic times. As salient findings, we report increased activity in social media, which followed both from the increased opportunity to spend time in social media, the need to be socially connected, and the motivation to follow pandemic related updates. The perceived emerging content visible in social media postings were face masks, home and outdoors activities, remote events, and different challenges. Social media also made people aware of the divided opinions related to the pandemic, and could lead to more careful self-censoring of own postings. Our study is based on interviews of 29 and online survey of 172 people.
{"title":"People’s Perspectives on Social Media Use during COVID-19 Pandemic","authors":"Mari Karhu, Mari Suoheimo, Jonna Häkkilä","doi":"10.1145/3490632.3490666","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3490632.3490666","url":null,"abstract":"In this paper, we explore people’s perceptions and usage of social media during the COVID-19 pandemic, and how it had changed compared to the pre-pandemic times. As salient findings, we report increased activity in social media, which followed both from the increased opportunity to spend time in social media, the need to be socially connected, and the motivation to follow pandemic related updates. The perceived emerging content visible in social media postings were face masks, home and outdoors activities, remote events, and different challenges. Social media also made people aware of the divided opinions related to the pandemic, and could lead to more careful self-censoring of own postings. Our study is based on interviews of 29 and online survey of 172 people.","PeriodicalId":158762,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings of the 20th International Conference on Mobile and Ubiquitous Multimedia","volume":"34 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-05-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"124498190","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Nima Zargham, Michael Bonfert, R. Porzel, Tanja Doring, R. Malaka
The use of voice assistants (VAs) is spreading widely. Most common VAs consist of a single, usually female voice that responds to the user’s inquiry. We designed a VA system appearing as a group of agents, each with a different voice and a specialized task domain. We conducted a quantitative user study comparing our multi-agent approach with a conventional single-agent assistant in a smart home scenario as virtual reality (VR) simulation. The results show significantly higher user experience ratings for the multi-agent concept. Based on our findings, we discuss the potentials and challenges of designing multi-party VA systems.
{"title":"Multi-Agent Voice Assistants: An Investigation of User Experience","authors":"Nima Zargham, Michael Bonfert, R. Porzel, Tanja Doring, R. Malaka","doi":"10.1145/3490632.3490662","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3490632.3490662","url":null,"abstract":"The use of voice assistants (VAs) is spreading widely. Most common VAs consist of a single, usually female voice that responds to the user’s inquiry. We designed a VA system appearing as a group of agents, each with a different voice and a specialized task domain. We conducted a quantitative user study comparing our multi-agent approach with a conventional single-agent assistant in a smart home scenario as virtual reality (VR) simulation. The results show significantly higher user experience ratings for the multi-agent concept. Based on our findings, we discuss the potentials and challenges of designing multi-party VA systems.","PeriodicalId":158762,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings of the 20th International Conference on Mobile and Ubiquitous Multimedia","volume":"57 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-05-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"121643104","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Robots are predominantly thought of as monolithic, unitary actors: they are almost always designed as having a clearly defined body. We rethink this concept of a unified and coherently embodied robot with the example context of elderly care. We explore alternative design spaces for robots in care that open up new modes of interaction for residents and caregivers. We present design studies that explore this notion based on the development of a plant-watering robotic ensemble. The ensemble consists of various elements that inform interacting persons about the robot’s task and its role in a storytelling or poetic way. We show how we further explored this idea of a ‘robot as theatre’ in two different configurations – one agentic and one diorama – and a version that integrates feedback from focus groups with care experts.
{"title":"Designing A Robot for Elderly Care Homes based on the Notion of ‘Robot as Theatre’","authors":"Kevin Lefeuvre, P. Graf, E. Hornecker","doi":"10.1145/3490632.3497874","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3490632.3497874","url":null,"abstract":"Robots are predominantly thought of as monolithic, unitary actors: they are almost always designed as having a clearly defined body. We rethink this concept of a unified and coherently embodied robot with the example context of elderly care. We explore alternative design spaces for robots in care that open up new modes of interaction for residents and caregivers. We present design studies that explore this notion based on the development of a plant-watering robotic ensemble. The ensemble consists of various elements that inform interacting persons about the robot’s task and its role in a storytelling or poetic way. We show how we further explored this idea of a ‘robot as theatre’ in two different configurations – one agentic and one diorama – and a version that integrates feedback from focus groups with care experts.","PeriodicalId":158762,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings of the 20th International Conference on Mobile and Ubiquitous Multimedia","volume":"8 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-05-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"115285590","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Jolie Bonner, Joseph O'Hagan, Florian Mathis, Jamie Ferguson, M. Khamis
Dynamic personal data based on a user’s activity, such as recent visited physical locations, browsing history, and call logs, update frequently, making it a promising token for user authentication. However, it is not clear how users perceive this use of personal data and which data types are most suitable for authentication. To investigate this, we conducted an online survey with N=100 participants. For 10 personal data types we asked participants about their comfort with this data for authentication, its perceived security, its impact on behaviour, who has access to it, how frequently it updates, and how memorable they perceive it to be. We found that participants were generally uncomfortable with personal data being used for authentication and, knowing their personal data is used, they may intentionally change their behaviour due to privacy concerns. We discuss the benefits and drawbacks of using personal data as a source of dynamic tokens to complement authentication and conclude with three learned lessons.
{"title":"Using Personal Data to Support Authentication: User Attitudes and Suitability","authors":"Jolie Bonner, Joseph O'Hagan, Florian Mathis, Jamie Ferguson, M. Khamis","doi":"10.1145/3490632.3490644","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3490632.3490644","url":null,"abstract":"Dynamic personal data based on a user’s activity, such as recent visited physical locations, browsing history, and call logs, update frequently, making it a promising token for user authentication. However, it is not clear how users perceive this use of personal data and which data types are most suitable for authentication. To investigate this, we conducted an online survey with N=100 participants. For 10 personal data types we asked participants about their comfort with this data for authentication, its perceived security, its impact on behaviour, who has access to it, how frequently it updates, and how memorable they perceive it to be. We found that participants were generally uncomfortable with personal data being used for authentication and, knowing their personal data is used, they may intentionally change their behaviour due to privacy concerns. We discuss the benefits and drawbacks of using personal data as a source of dynamic tokens to complement authentication and conclude with three learned lessons.","PeriodicalId":158762,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings of the 20th International Conference on Mobile and Ubiquitous Multimedia","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-05-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"128945414","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Previous works show that virtual reality itself can be used as a medium in which to stage an experimental evaluation. However, it is still unclear whether conventional usability evaluation methods can directly be applied to virtual reality evaluations and whether they will lead to similar insights when compared to equivalent real-world lab studies. Therefore, we conducted a user study with nine participants, comparing Heuristic Evaluation (HE) for the evaluations of a novel smart artefact. We asked participants to evaluate the physical prototype and their virtual counterparts in the real-world and the virtual environment, respectively. Results show the HE have similar performance when evaluating artefacts usability in VR and real-world in terms of identified usability problems. The VR implementation has an impact on the immersive VR evaluation result.
{"title":"Using Heuristic Evaluation in Immersive Virtual Reality Evaluation","authors":"Xuesong Zhang, A. Simeone","doi":"10.1145/3490632.3497863","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3490632.3497863","url":null,"abstract":"Previous works show that virtual reality itself can be used as a medium in which to stage an experimental evaluation. However, it is still unclear whether conventional usability evaluation methods can directly be applied to virtual reality evaluations and whether they will lead to similar insights when compared to equivalent real-world lab studies. Therefore, we conducted a user study with nine participants, comparing Heuristic Evaluation (HE) for the evaluations of a novel smart artefact. We asked participants to evaluate the physical prototype and their virtual counterparts in the real-world and the virtual environment, respectively. Results show the HE have similar performance when evaluating artefacts usability in VR and real-world in terms of identified usability problems. The VR implementation has an impact on the immersive VR evaluation result.","PeriodicalId":158762,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings of the 20th International Conference on Mobile and Ubiquitous Multimedia","volume":"26 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-05-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"133543377","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Markus Löchtefeld, Anna Dagmar Bille Milthers, Timothy R. Merritt
Well-funded classrooms often provide a variety of learning materials such as computers, robotics and other expensive equipment to facilitate STEM Learning activities for children. However, exploring natural phenomena such as electrical energy is possible through very simple activities. In this paper we explore how cheap low-cost materials and simple electrochromic displays can be designed to support experiential learning about energy and power generation. For this we employed a mix of open-ended play and exploration as well as staged and goal-oriented activities. We developed two learning activities that involve children constructing working models that generate power including constructing a wind turbine and assembling a solar power harvesting house. We studied how children engaged in the activities and how the materials helped them understand the topic. All children could construct and complete the building tasks and were generally positive about the experience. We identified challenges encountered by children including interactions with the construction materials and electrochromic screens as well as insights about the mental models children have. We discuss challenges for staging learning through play with found low cost and local materials and provide implications for the design of constructionist oriented STEM learning.
{"title":"Staging Constructionist Learning about Energy for Children with Electrochromic Displays and Low-Cost Materials","authors":"Markus Löchtefeld, Anna Dagmar Bille Milthers, Timothy R. Merritt","doi":"10.1145/3490632.3490654","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3490632.3490654","url":null,"abstract":"Well-funded classrooms often provide a variety of learning materials such as computers, robotics and other expensive equipment to facilitate STEM Learning activities for children. However, exploring natural phenomena such as electrical energy is possible through very simple activities. In this paper we explore how cheap low-cost materials and simple electrochromic displays can be designed to support experiential learning about energy and power generation. For this we employed a mix of open-ended play and exploration as well as staged and goal-oriented activities. We developed two learning activities that involve children constructing working models that generate power including constructing a wind turbine and assembling a solar power harvesting house. We studied how children engaged in the activities and how the materials helped them understand the topic. All children could construct and complete the building tasks and were generally positive about the experience. We identified challenges encountered by children including interactions with the construction materials and electrochromic screens as well as insights about the mental models children have. We discuss challenges for staging learning through play with found low cost and local materials and provide implications for the design of constructionist oriented STEM learning.","PeriodicalId":158762,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings of the 20th International Conference on Mobile and Ubiquitous Multimedia","volume":"52 3 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-05-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"131323741","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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