How and why have colonial-era Christian missions brought about social change in the long run? This paper addresses this question by causally estimating average and heterogeneous effects of colonial-era Christian missions on schooling, fertility, and household wealth in Nigeria. Our identification strategy exploits discontinuities in mission stations around the borders of the Emirates of Northern Nigeria, where missionary activities were restricted by the colonial administration. We find that areas with greater historical missionary activities have higher levels of schooling, lower levels of fertility, and higher household wealth today. Consistent with the predictions of a simple model, the long-run effect of missions on current schooling is not found in areas with early access to government schools, and is larger for population subgroups---women and Muslims---that have historically suffered disadvantages in access to education. Importantly, we show that the restriction of missions from the Emirates of Northern Nigeria has led to a reversal of fortunes, wherein areas that were more prosperous and institutionally developed in the past are relatively poorer today.
{"title":"Missions and Heterogeneous Social Change: Evidence from Border Discontinuities in the Emirates of Nigeria","authors":"Dozie Okoye, Roland Pongou","doi":"10.2139/ssrn.3946708","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2139/ssrn.3946708","url":null,"abstract":"How and why have colonial-era Christian missions brought about social change in the long run? This paper addresses this question by causally estimating average and heterogeneous effects of colonial-era Christian missions on schooling, fertility, and household wealth in Nigeria. Our identification strategy exploits discontinuities in mission stations around the borders of the Emirates of Northern Nigeria, where missionary activities were restricted by the colonial administration. We find that areas with greater historical missionary activities have higher levels of schooling, lower levels of fertility, and higher household wealth today. Consistent with the predictions of a simple model, the long-run effect of missions on current schooling is not found in areas with early access to government schools, and is larger for population subgroups---women and Muslims---that have historically suffered disadvantages in access to education. Importantly, we show that the restriction of missions from the Emirates of Northern Nigeria has led to a reversal of fortunes, wherein areas that were more prosperous and institutionally developed in the past are relatively poorer today.","PeriodicalId":158767,"journal":{"name":"EduRN: Other Social Sciences Education (Topic)","volume":"306 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-10-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"116227868","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Science and technology (S&T) indicators are important in evaluating how successful countries are in factors described by endogenous growth models. Accordingly, the aim of this paper is to investigate S&T indicators of Turkey in a comparative and more hitherto comprehensive study and to present a guiding reference for researchers and decision makers working on innovation and technology policies. This study was carried out using online databases such as those of the OECD, World Bank, Eurostat, and TÜİK considering the criteria used in the literature to measure countries’ R&D and innovation performances, and Turkey’s innovative performance is presented in comparison with the world’s by summarizations within the scope of the study. The results demonstrate that Turkey has made significant progress in the last 20 years in terms of R&D and innovation, but it is still far from reaching the indicators of developed countries. In particular, the increase in R&D and innovation performance has decreased due to the economic difficulties experienced in the world and in Turkey after 2012 and 2013. Based on the indicators evaluated in this study, some suggestions are given and prioritized to increase Turkey’s innovation performance.
{"title":"A Comparative Study on Turkey’s Science and Technology (S&T) Indicators","authors":"Evrim Gemici, Zafer Gemici","doi":"10.31219/osf.io/csyud","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.31219/osf.io/csyud","url":null,"abstract":"Science and technology (S&T) indicators are important in evaluating how successful countries are in factors described by endogenous growth models. Accordingly, the aim of this paper is to investigate S&T indicators of Turkey in a comparative and more hitherto comprehensive study and to present a guiding reference for researchers and decision makers working on innovation and technology policies. This study was carried out using online databases such as those of the OECD, World Bank, Eurostat, and TÜİK considering the criteria used in the literature to measure countries’ R&D and innovation performances, and Turkey’s innovative performance is presented in comparison with the world’s by summarizations within the scope of the study. The results demonstrate that Turkey has made significant progress in the last 20 years in terms of R&D and innovation, but it is still far from reaching the indicators of developed countries. In particular, the increase in R&D and innovation performance has decreased due to the economic difficulties experienced in the world and in Turkey after 2012 and 2013. Based on the indicators evaluated in this study, some suggestions are given and prioritized to increase Turkey’s innovation performance.","PeriodicalId":158767,"journal":{"name":"EduRN: Other Social Sciences Education (Topic)","volume":"10 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-08-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"131581032","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Scholars debate whether cultural capital reproduces existing inequalities or provides a path to upward mobility. Most studies, however, focus only on cross-sectional associations and are unclear about how disadvantaged adolescents can increase their amounts of cultural capital. Adolescents may be able to increase cultural capital through ties to adults with high educational attainment. We investigate this topic using experimental longitudinal data on mentoring relationships. We find that mentors with a college degree or greater have positive effects on cultural capital, but primarily for adolescents with a parent with some college or greater. Thus, cultural capital may not be an engine of social mobility if adolescents from low-SES households cannot obtain or increase their cultural capital.
{"title":"Can Adolescents Acquire Cultural Capital Through Social Capital? The Impact of Ties to College-Educated Adults","authors":"S. M. Gaddis, Joseph Murphy","doi":"10.2139/ssrn.3863440","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2139/ssrn.3863440","url":null,"abstract":"Scholars debate whether cultural capital reproduces existing inequalities or provides a path to upward mobility. Most studies, however, focus only on cross-sectional associations and are unclear about how disadvantaged adolescents can increase their amounts of cultural capital. Adolescents may be able to increase cultural capital through ties to adults with high educational attainment. We investigate this topic using experimental longitudinal data on mentoring relationships. We find that mentors with a college degree or greater have positive effects on cultural capital, but primarily for adolescents with a parent with some college or greater. Thus, cultural capital may not be an engine of social mobility if adolescents from low-SES households cannot obtain or increase their cultural capital.","PeriodicalId":158767,"journal":{"name":"EduRN: Other Social Sciences Education (Topic)","volume":"22 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-06-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"128567305","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2020-12-31DOI: 10.1515/9780804777568-026
Edward D. Hess
Suitable for courses on entrepreneurship, managing small businesses, marketing, and strategy. The case raises classic issues about how a stabilized business can reignite its growth. It poses the questions: How does a business increase customers, increase spend per customer, create more reasons to buy, bundle complementary products or services, and expand selling locations with little capital outlays? Excerpt UVA-ENT-0142 Nov. 27, 2009 Hass Shoes Hass Shoes (Hass), an independent shoe retailer located in Charlottesville, Virginia, had been in business for more than 15 years. In its freestanding store, Hass primarily carried quality shoes for men and women and accessories such as socks and hosiery. The store provided parking for its customers and, to better serve its working customers, was open from 12:00 p.m. until 8:00 p.m. on Monday through Friday; 9:00 a.m. until 6:00 p.m. on Saturday, and 12:00 p.m. until 6:00 p.m. on Sunday. Conscious of its membership in the community, Hass contributed to local charities and belonged to several civic and business clubs. In 2008, Hass joined the National Shoe Retailers Association (NSRA) and had been using the association's benchmarking process to track products, services, expenses, and inventory turns of its current performance against past performance and other best practices. Hass now operated above NSRA averages. From its approximately 10,000 transactions per year, Hass grossed $ 800,000, averaging $ 80 per sale. The business turned its inventory 2.7 times a year and, after paying its owner's salary, netted a 7% before-tax profit. Hass did not try to compete on price but focused instead on service, selection of shoes, and maintaining a stock of hard-to-find sizes; however, Hass did not collect the usual data on individual customers such as number of visits, number of purchases, or the total average cost of purchases per year. Hass had weathered the 2007 recession well, but its business had basically been flat since 2001. Now the shoe retailer wanted to grow its revenue by at least 10% per year and increase its net margin. . . .
{"title":"Hass Shoes","authors":"Edward D. Hess","doi":"10.1515/9780804777568-026","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1515/9780804777568-026","url":null,"abstract":"Suitable for courses on entrepreneurship, managing small businesses, marketing, and strategy. The case raises classic issues about how a stabilized business can reignite its growth. It poses the questions: How does a business increase customers, increase spend per customer, create more reasons to buy, bundle complementary products or services, and expand selling locations with little capital outlays? Excerpt UVA-ENT-0142 Nov. 27, 2009 Hass Shoes Hass Shoes (Hass), an independent shoe retailer located in Charlottesville, Virginia, had been in business for more than 15 years. In its freestanding store, Hass primarily carried quality shoes for men and women and accessories such as socks and hosiery. The store provided parking for its customers and, to better serve its working customers, was open from 12:00 p.m. until 8:00 p.m. on Monday through Friday; 9:00 a.m. until 6:00 p.m. on Saturday, and 12:00 p.m. until 6:00 p.m. on Sunday. Conscious of its membership in the community, Hass contributed to local charities and belonged to several civic and business clubs. In 2008, Hass joined the National Shoe Retailers Association (NSRA) and had been using the association's benchmarking process to track products, services, expenses, and inventory turns of its current performance against past performance and other best practices. Hass now operated above NSRA averages. From its approximately 10,000 transactions per year, Hass grossed $ 800,000, averaging $ 80 per sale. The business turned its inventory 2.7 times a year and, after paying its owner's salary, netted a 7% before-tax profit. Hass did not try to compete on price but focused instead on service, selection of shoes, and maintaining a stock of hard-to-find sizes; however, Hass did not collect the usual data on individual customers such as number of visits, number of purchases, or the total average cost of purchases per year. Hass had weathered the 2007 recession well, but its business had basically been flat since 2001. Now the shoe retailer wanted to grow its revenue by at least 10% per year and increase its net margin. . . .","PeriodicalId":158767,"journal":{"name":"EduRN: Other Social Sciences Education (Topic)","volume":"93 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-12-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"131891326","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
The aim of this research it to examine 1. Entrepreneurship Education towards Entrepreneurial Intention, have a huge effect, 2. Entrepreneurial Self-Efficacy against Entrepreneurial Intention, have a major impact, 3. Genders towards Entrepreneurial Intention, have an insignificant effect, 4. Entrepreneurship Education, Entrepreneurial Self-Efficacy towards Entrepreneurial Intention, has a big effect. The goals of this study is to determine which variables has the most significant influence on Entrepreneurial Intention. Tests taken 200 respondents, who recognized male or female that the effect of enterprise instruction to their deliberate of enterprise and their self-efficacy. Information were analyzed utilizing SEM procedures, and utilizing SPSS form 18 and AMOS 22. The result appears that Business Self-Efficacy is the overwhelming impact on Entrepreneurial Intention and Gender is on the other hand, not as well compelling in Entrepreneurial Intention.
{"title":"The Impact of Entrepreneurship Education, Entrepreneurial Self-Efficacy, and Gender on Entrepreneurial Intention","authors":"Osly Usman, Jovita Widyanti","doi":"10.2139/ssrn.3644787","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2139/ssrn.3644787","url":null,"abstract":"The aim of this research it to examine 1. Entrepreneurship Education towards Entrepreneurial Intention, have a huge effect, 2. Entrepreneurial Self-Efficacy against Entrepreneurial Intention, have a major impact, 3. Genders towards Entrepreneurial Intention, have an insignificant effect, 4. Entrepreneurship Education, Entrepreneurial Self-Efficacy towards Entrepreneurial Intention, has a big effect. The goals of this study is to determine which variables has the most significant influence on Entrepreneurial Intention. Tests taken 200 respondents, who recognized male or female that the effect of enterprise instruction to their deliberate of enterprise and their self-efficacy. Information were analyzed utilizing SEM procedures, and utilizing SPSS form 18 and AMOS 22. The result appears that Business Self-Efficacy is the overwhelming impact on Entrepreneurial Intention and Gender is on the other hand, not as well compelling in Entrepreneurial Intention.","PeriodicalId":158767,"journal":{"name":"EduRN: Other Social Sciences Education (Topic)","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-07-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"115513882","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
This research was born during a course within a postgraduate program on innovation for doctoral and postdoctoral studies. Trying to find a research idea that could bring together various research subjects and experiences from all fields of economics and business, allowing students to work on a common agenda, looking also for a pragmatic aim, we decided to use previous research backgrounds and results to make the city in which they all studied a more innovative one. Considering the huge importance and amount of previous work on innovation, the societal challenges with which we are confronted, requiring an interdisciplinary perspective, as well as the need to transform our cities in better living and working places, the research question was raised: what does it take to innovate a city, from the people’s (human resource) perspective? It is a subject at the intersection of several fields and streams of research: inter and transdisciplinary research, public administration, innovative cities in terms of governance and e-government, civic participation and citizen science, researchers’ skills and competencies - a complex array of intertwined challenges. The research objective was twofold: to find out doctoral and postdoctoral students’ (generally addressed throughout the paper as researchers) perceptions about the intangible human innovation required for innovating a city and to find out their orientation towards interdisciplinarity. We conducted a semi-structured group interview with 18 researchers, to identify the most important traits of human innovation, followed by a survey with 30 researchers to measure perceptions towards interdisciplinary research.
{"title":"Innovating a City Through Citizen Participation: Could Interdisciplinary Orientation Play a Role?","authors":"Adriana Zait, A. G. Andrei","doi":"10.24989/ocg.338.25","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.24989/ocg.338.25","url":null,"abstract":"This research was born during a course within a postgraduate program on innovation for doctoral and postdoctoral studies. Trying to find a research idea that could bring together various research subjects and experiences from all fields of economics and business, allowing students to work on a common agenda, looking also for a pragmatic aim, we decided to use previous research backgrounds and results to make the city in which they all studied a more innovative one. Considering the huge importance and amount of previous work on innovation, the societal challenges with which we are confronted, requiring an interdisciplinary perspective, as well as the need to transform our cities in better living and working places, the research question was raised: what does it take to innovate a city, from the people’s (human resource) perspective? It is a subject at the intersection of several fields and streams of research: inter and transdisciplinary research, public administration, innovative cities in terms of governance and e-government, civic participation and citizen science, researchers’ skills and competencies - a complex array of intertwined challenges. The research objective was twofold: to find out doctoral and postdoctoral students’ (generally addressed throughout the paper as researchers) perceptions about the intangible human innovation required for innovating a city and to find out their orientation towards interdisciplinarity. We conducted a semi-structured group interview with 18 researchers, to identify the most important traits of human innovation, followed by a survey with 30 researchers to measure perceptions towards interdisciplinary research.","PeriodicalId":158767,"journal":{"name":"EduRN: Other Social Sciences Education (Topic)","volume":"39 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-05-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"125442732","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2019-06-30DOI: 10.31014/AIOR.1993.02.02.77
Abdulrasheed Olowoselu, Mua’azam bin Mohamad, Shorouk Mohamed Farag Mohamed Aboudahr
This study focuses on Path-Goal theory and application in educational management and leadership, which is categorized under contingency approach of leadership. The theory proposed that the behaviour of leaders' can be exercised through different approaches, times, and situations by the same leader. The purpose of this paper is to highlight path-goal leadership theory. An important aspect of this paper hinges on the application of path-goal theory in an educational institution using leadership approaches in terms of supportive, directive, achievement-oriented, and participative behaviour on subordinate in achieving task completion. It is concluded that education leaders should put in use the path-goal leadership approaches in their daily dealings with their subordinate in their various educational institution.
{"title":"Path-Goal Theory and the Application in Educational Management and Leadership","authors":"Abdulrasheed Olowoselu, Mua’azam bin Mohamad, Shorouk Mohamed Farag Mohamed Aboudahr","doi":"10.31014/AIOR.1993.02.02.77","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.31014/AIOR.1993.02.02.77","url":null,"abstract":"This study focuses on Path-Goal theory and application in educational management and leadership, which is categorized under contingency approach of leadership. The theory proposed that the behaviour of leaders' can be exercised through different approaches, times, and situations by the same leader. The purpose of this paper is to highlight path-goal leadership theory. An important aspect of this paper hinges on the application of path-goal theory in an educational institution using leadership approaches in terms of supportive, directive, achievement-oriented, and participative behaviour on subordinate in achieving task completion. It is concluded that education leaders should put in use the path-goal leadership approaches in their daily dealings with their subordinate in their various educational institution.<br><br>","PeriodicalId":158767,"journal":{"name":"EduRN: Other Social Sciences Education (Topic)","volume":"9 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-06-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"115465877","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Teacher education curriculum and the experiences acquired by the student in the laboratory of teaching posed challenges in ascertaining their competency level in teaching and the outcomes of their acquired skills and knowledge. Hence, the study aimed to determine the competency level on teaching preparedness of the graduating education students based on the NCBTS and analyze the outcomes of the education program on their practice teaching. The results of the study will be used as basis for the improvement of the teacher education curriculum and its program. Descriptive method of research is used in investigating the present existing conditions while survey questionnaire, interview, and focus group discussion are the techniques used to gather information. The findings of the study revealed that students passed in their demonstration teaching with very satisfactory performance and their self-assessment on their competency level in teaching preparedness is proficient. Finally, the graduating students of education Bulacan State University are prepared and fit to teach from the results of their rating in the practice teaching and assessment of their level of competencies. However, improvement in the student teaching program is proposed to monitor the development of certain positive indicators in the performance of the students while teaching.
{"title":"Teaching Preparedness and Outcomes of Teacher Education Programs to the Graduates","authors":"Romulo Mercado Jr.","doi":"10.2139/ssrn.3398696","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2139/ssrn.3398696","url":null,"abstract":"Teacher education curriculum and the experiences acquired by the student in the laboratory of teaching posed challenges in ascertaining their competency level in teaching and the outcomes of their acquired skills and knowledge. Hence, the study aimed to determine the competency level on teaching preparedness of the graduating education students based on the NCBTS and analyze the outcomes of the education program on their practice teaching. The results of the study will be used as basis for the improvement of the teacher education curriculum and its program. Descriptive method of research is used in investigating the present existing conditions while survey questionnaire, interview, and focus group discussion are the techniques used to gather information. The findings of the study revealed that students passed in their demonstration teaching with very satisfactory performance and their self-assessment on their competency level in teaching preparedness is proficient. Finally, the graduating students of education Bulacan State University are prepared and fit to teach from the results of their rating in the practice teaching and assessment of their level of competencies. However, improvement in the student teaching program is proposed to monitor the development of certain positive indicators in the performance of the students while teaching.","PeriodicalId":158767,"journal":{"name":"EduRN: Other Social Sciences Education (Topic)","volume":"71 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-11-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"125183746","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Collegiate sports have become increasingly popular in recent years with college football seeing, arguably, the greatest rise in popularity. This has led to an increased number of Football Bowl Subdivision (FBS) bowl games, which now culminate in a college football playoff. Universities are constantly developing new and innovative ways to increase revenue. One potential solution receiving increased consideration is the option of selling beer throughout stadiums. Previous research has separately focused on aspects of beer consumption and factors that influence collegiate sport attendance, but not in the same study. Thus far, studies focusing specifically on the topic of how beer sales affect attendance have been lacking. The purpose of this study is to examine whether or not the sale of beer inside FBS collegiate stadiums affects attendance. Our results indicate there is a negative correlation between beer availability and attendance. No significant difference was found as to whether or not stadium location, on or off campus, affects attendance figures.
{"title":"The Effects of Beer Sales on Attendance at Collegiate Football Games","authors":"Jacob Augustin, Alex Traugutt, A. Morse","doi":"10.2139/ssrn.3316999","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2139/ssrn.3316999","url":null,"abstract":"Collegiate sports have become increasingly popular in recent years with college football seeing, arguably, the greatest rise in popularity. This has led to an increased number of Football Bowl Subdivision (FBS) bowl games, which now culminate in a college football playoff. Universities are constantly developing new and innovative ways to increase revenue. One potential solution receiving increased consideration is the option of selling beer throughout stadiums. Previous research has separately focused on aspects of beer consumption and factors that influence collegiate sport attendance, but not in the same study. Thus far, studies focusing specifically on the topic of how beer sales affect attendance have been lacking. The purpose of this study is to examine whether or not the sale of beer inside FBS collegiate stadiums affects attendance. Our results indicate there is a negative correlation between beer availability and attendance. No significant difference was found as to whether or not stadium location, on or off campus, affects attendance figures.","PeriodicalId":158767,"journal":{"name":"EduRN: Other Social Sciences Education (Topic)","volume":"136 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-04-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"122064779","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2018-01-16DOI: 10.1007/springerreference_5903
R. Chao
{"title":"What is Operations Management?","authors":"R. Chao","doi":"10.1007/springerreference_5903","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/springerreference_5903","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":158767,"journal":{"name":"EduRN: Other Social Sciences Education (Topic)","volume":"223 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-01-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"123237975","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
京公网安备 11010802042870号
京ICP备2023020795号-1
扫码关注我们
求助内容：
应助结果提醒方式：