The low stability of polyphenols during gastrointestinal digestion affects their biotransformation and bioavailability in the human body. That in turn affects the therapeutic potential of black goji berry. Thus, the present study was conducted to explore the impact of digestion on the fate of polyphenols present in black goji berries. Black goji berries exhibit high levels of phenolics which were reduced during gastrointestinal digestion. The crude extract of goji berry exhibited potent antioxidant activity as accessed by DPPH (151.34 mmol TE/g), ABTS (202.89 mmol TE/g) and FRAP assay (64.43 mmol TE/g), which were reduced after in vitro gastrointestinal digestion. However, the pronounced reduction was observed after in vivo intestinal digestion as determined by DPPH (23.23 mmol TE/g), ABTS (141.29 mmol TE/g) and FRAP assay (25.53 mmol TE/g). Furthermore, UPLC-Q-TOF-MS chromatograms revealed that the chemical structures of anthocyanins were stable during gastric digestion and significant alterations were observed during intestinal digestion.
{"title":"Fate of polyphenols in black goji berry (Lycium ruthenicum Murr.) upon in vitro and in vivo digestion","authors":"Yue Gao, M. Meenu, W. Cheang, Baojun Xu","doi":"10.31665/jfb.2022.18313","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.31665/jfb.2022.18313","url":null,"abstract":"The low stability of polyphenols during gastrointestinal digestion affects their biotransformation and bioavailability in the human body. That in turn affects the therapeutic potential of black goji berry. Thus, the present study was conducted to explore the impact of digestion on the fate of polyphenols present in black goji berries. Black goji berries exhibit high levels of phenolics which were reduced during gastrointestinal digestion. The crude extract of goji berry exhibited potent antioxidant activity as accessed by DPPH (151.34 mmol TE/g), ABTS (202.89 mmol TE/g) and FRAP assay (64.43 mmol TE/g), which were reduced after in vitro gastrointestinal digestion. However, the pronounced reduction was observed after in vivo intestinal digestion as determined by DPPH (23.23 mmol TE/g), ABTS (141.29 mmol TE/g) and FRAP assay (25.53 mmol TE/g). Furthermore, UPLC-Q-TOF-MS chromatograms revealed that the chemical structures of anthocyanins were stable during gastric digestion and significant alterations were observed during intestinal digestion.","PeriodicalId":15882,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Food Bioactives","volume":"39 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-06-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"80036147","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Edible fungi and lactic acid bacteria (LAB) are emerging as reservoirs of diverse bio-functional products. This study investigated antioxidant and antimicrobial activities of a mushroom; Calocybe indica protein (CIP) and cell-free supernatant (CFS) of Lactococcus lactis, Lactobacillus fermentum, and Lactobacillus brevis isolated from a fermented cereal food-Kati against free radicals and microorganisms associated with fruits spoilage. Protein extract from C. indica was subjected to ammonium sulfate precipitation (55% saturation). Synergistic radical scavenging activities of CIP and CFSs of LAB against 2,2’-azinobis (3-ethylbenzothiazoline-6-sulfonic acid) (ABTS˙+), 1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH˙), hydroxyl radicals (OH˙) and their Fe2+ ion chelation activity were within 70.39-84.77%, 62.51-87.63%, 70.58-88.56%%, and 62.83-78.76%, respectively. Combinatory effects of CIP and CFSs showed pronounced zones of inhibition of 6.5 mm to 12.1 mm against tested microorganisms. The study established that, bioactivities of C. indica and Lactobacilli can be attributed to their inherent bioactive proteins, suggesting their potential exploitation as natural bio-preservatives.
{"title":"Bioactivities of Calocybe indica Protein combined with Cell-Free Supernatant of Lactobacilli from a Fermented Cereal against Free Radicals and Microorganisms","authors":"T. Adewole, C. O. Ogidi, A. Kuku","doi":"10.31665/jfb.2022.18314","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.31665/jfb.2022.18314","url":null,"abstract":"Edible fungi and lactic acid bacteria (LAB) are emerging as reservoirs of diverse bio-functional products. This study investigated antioxidant and antimicrobial activities of a mushroom; Calocybe indica protein (CIP) and cell-free supernatant (CFS) of Lactococcus lactis, Lactobacillus fermentum, and Lactobacillus brevis isolated from a fermented cereal food-Kati against free radicals and microorganisms associated with fruits spoilage. Protein extract from C. indica was subjected to ammonium sulfate precipitation (55% saturation). Synergistic radical scavenging activities of CIP and CFSs of LAB against 2,2’-azinobis (3-ethylbenzothiazoline-6-sulfonic acid) (ABTS˙+), 1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH˙), hydroxyl radicals (OH˙) and their Fe2+ ion chelation activity were within 70.39-84.77%, 62.51-87.63%, 70.58-88.56%%, and 62.83-78.76%, respectively. Combinatory effects of CIP and CFSs showed pronounced zones of inhibition of 6.5 mm to 12.1 mm against tested microorganisms. The study established that, bioactivities of C. indica and Lactobacilli can be attributed to their inherent bioactive proteins, suggesting their potential exploitation as natural bio-preservatives.","PeriodicalId":15882,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Food Bioactives","volume":"48 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-06-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"81688770","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Ginger is traditionally known for its therapeutic and pharmaceutical properties. It has been used widely to treat various health problems such as high blood pressure, coughs, colds, swelling, nausea, rheumatic disorders, vomiting, bronchitis, indigestion, gastric ulcers, and behavioral problems. Shogaol and Gingerol are anti-inflammatory, anti-fever, anti-pain, and anti-cough compounds that may help treat a cold. This review provides an up-to-date understanding of the impact of ginger and its active compounds on human health. Various ginger compounds such as gingerol, shogaols, zingiberene, zingerone, paradols and zingerone are receiving attention for their clinical applications and pharmaceutical properties. Studies indicate that ginger is anti-inflammatory, anti-tumor, antimicrobial, antiemetic, hepatoprotective, and neuroprotective. During the inflammatory response, ginger inhibits (NF-κB) and immune system activation in addition to many other cellular processes. Ginger has shown benefits in preclinical and clinical studies for neurology, cardiovascular disease, and cancer. These findings indicate the necessity for further in vivo and clinical studies.
{"title":"Ginger- A Potential Source of Therapeutic and Pharmaceutical Compounds","authors":"R. Verma, Prakash S Bisen","doi":"10.31665/jfb.2022.18309","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.31665/jfb.2022.18309","url":null,"abstract":"Ginger is traditionally known for its therapeutic and pharmaceutical properties. It has been used widely to treat various health problems such as high blood pressure, coughs, colds, swelling, nausea, rheumatic disorders, vomiting, bronchitis, indigestion, gastric ulcers, and behavioral problems. Shogaol and Gingerol are anti-inflammatory, anti-fever, anti-pain, and anti-cough compounds that may help treat a cold. This review provides an up-to-date understanding of the impact of ginger and its active compounds on human health. Various ginger compounds such as gingerol, shogaols, zingiberene, zingerone, paradols and zingerone are receiving attention for their clinical applications and pharmaceutical properties. Studies indicate that ginger is anti-inflammatory, anti-tumor, antimicrobial, antiemetic, hepatoprotective, and neuroprotective. During the inflammatory response, ginger inhibits (NF-κB) and immune system activation in addition to many other cellular processes. Ginger has shown benefits in preclinical and clinical studies for neurology, cardiovascular disease, and cancer. These findings indicate the necessity for further in vivo and clinical studies. ","PeriodicalId":15882,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Food Bioactives","volume":"12 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-06-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"75589676","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
The use of alternative medicine products has increased tremendously in recent decades. Honey bees (Apis mellifera) create propolis naturally from a variety of botanical sources. Since ancient times, propolis has been used for its antibacterial, antifungal, and anti-inflammatory properties. Due to functional benefits of propolis, many food sectors have employed it to improve the quality and wellness of products. In this review, we focus on compiling relevant information about propolis research related to the nutritional composition and the bioactive compounds in propolis along with their therapeutic importance and their effectiveness against various types of chronic medical conditions viz. diabetes, obesity, and cancer. The study could generate both new and accessible alternatives and the use of propolis for the treatment of various diseases and will help to effectively evaluate the safety of its use.
{"title":"Nutritional Behaviour and Inhibiting Properties of Propolis in Food Diligence and Human Wellness","authors":"Anchal Kalia, Sonia Morya, A. Neumann","doi":"10.31665/jfb.2022.18310","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.31665/jfb.2022.18310","url":null,"abstract":"The use of alternative medicine products has increased tremendously in recent decades. Honey bees (Apis mellifera) create propolis naturally from a variety of botanical sources. Since ancient times, propolis has been used for its antibacterial, antifungal, and anti-inflammatory properties. Due to functional benefits of propolis, many food sectors have employed it to improve the quality and wellness of products. In this review, we focus on compiling relevant information about propolis research related to the nutritional composition and the bioactive compounds in propolis along with their therapeutic importance and their effectiveness against various types of chronic medical conditions viz. diabetes, obesity, and cancer. The study could generate both new and accessible alternatives and the use of propolis for the treatment of various diseases and will help to effectively evaluate the safety of its use.","PeriodicalId":15882,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Food Bioactives","volume":"31 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-06-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"85376518","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
A. Naidu, F. Shahidi, Chin-Kun Wang, Kenji Sato, A. Wirakartakusumah, Ogugua C. Aworhf, B. Halliwell, Roger A. Clemensh
‘Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2’ (SARS-CoV-2) is a highly transmissible viral pathogen responsible for the ongoing ‘coronavirus disease 2019’ (COVID-19) pandemic. The current re-purposed antiviral interventions against SARS-CoV-2 are classified into two major groups: Group-1 represents the family of drugs, mainly the vaccines that directly target the virus, and Group-2 includes a specific class of inhibitors that interfere with the host-cell machinery, which is critical for viral infection and replication. Global efforts to control COVID-19 pandemic with vaccines and repurposed therapeutics represent only a phased victory. The emergence of several SARS-CoV-2 variants of concern (VOCs) has compromised several vaccinations and pharma-therapeutic protocols, which highlights the dire necessity for specific antiviral interventions that target highly conserved domains, which are less likely to mutate in the SARS-CoV-2 genome. Several bioactive phytochemicals that block viral enzymes such as nsp5/main proteinase (Mpro) and RNA-dependent nsp7/nsp8/nsp12 RNA-dependent RNA-polymerase (RdRp) complex, are extensively investigated in this direction. The SARS-CoV-2 infection triggers a complex human host-pathogen interaction(s) resulting in ‘host metabolic reprogramming’ (HMR), iron (Fe)-redox dysregulation (FeRD), and altered mitochondrial function that cumulatively disrupt several metabolic pathways involved in cellular energy and antioxidant enzyme function; thereby, compromise the innate host defense. The circulatory/RAAS axis contributes to FeRD and any alteration or imbalance in the Fe-redox homeostasis (Fe-R-H) may lead to ‘new onset’ metabolic disorders (i.e., diabetes). Such inherent body damage and its long-term health consequences in post-acute sequelae of COVID-19 (PASC) require effective nutritional intervention strategies, particularly at the interface of organ system functions and immune system dynamics. The long-term sequelae of PASC indicate an accelerated rate of immune exhaustion in COVID-19 patients, due to prolonged antigen stimulation (also due to vaccine exposure). Abnormal immune metabolism may also cause systemic perturbations (i.e., FeRD), ROS/RNS production, oxidative and nitrosative stress, which could trigger multi-organ disorders ranging from mild symptoms to an incapacitating state and reduced quality of life that could last for weeks or longer following recovery from COVID-19. The five most long-term clinical manifestations of PASC include fatigue, headache, attention disorder, hair loss, and dyspnea. This narrative review elucidates the intricate impairments and sequelae associated with eight major physiological systems in COVID-19 survivors (i.e., pulmonary, neuro-cognitive, cardiovascular, renal, gastrointestinal/hepato-biliary, endocrinal, skeleton-muscular, and reproductive) – triggered by the FeRD, amplified by the HMR, altered mitochondrial function and ACE2/RAAS axis. We have attempted to exp
{"title":"SARS-CoV-2-induced Host Metabolic Reprogram (HMR): Nutritional Interventions for Global Management of COVID-19 and Post-Acute Sequelae of COVID-19 (PASC)","authors":"A. Naidu, F. Shahidi, Chin-Kun Wang, Kenji Sato, A. Wirakartakusumah, Ogugua C. Aworhf, B. Halliwell, Roger A. Clemensh","doi":"10.31665/jfb.2022.18306","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.31665/jfb.2022.18306","url":null,"abstract":"‘Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2’ (SARS-CoV-2) is a highly transmissible viral pathogen responsible for the ongoing ‘coronavirus disease 2019’ (COVID-19) pandemic. The current re-purposed antiviral interventions against SARS-CoV-2 are classified into two major groups: Group-1 represents the family of drugs, mainly the vaccines that directly target the virus, and Group-2 includes a specific class of inhibitors that interfere with the host-cell machinery, which is critical for viral infection and replication. Global efforts to control COVID-19 pandemic with vaccines and repurposed therapeutics represent only a phased victory. The emergence of several SARS-CoV-2 variants of concern (VOCs) has compromised several vaccinations and pharma-therapeutic protocols, which highlights the dire necessity for specific antiviral interventions that target highly conserved domains, which are less likely to mutate in the SARS-CoV-2 genome. Several bioactive phytochemicals that block viral enzymes such as nsp5/main proteinase (Mpro) and RNA-dependent nsp7/nsp8/nsp12 RNA-dependent RNA-polymerase (RdRp) complex, are extensively investigated in this direction. The SARS-CoV-2 infection triggers a complex human host-pathogen interaction(s) resulting in ‘host metabolic reprogramming’ (HMR), iron (Fe)-redox dysregulation (FeRD), and altered mitochondrial function that cumulatively disrupt several metabolic pathways involved in cellular energy and antioxidant enzyme function; thereby, compromise the innate host defense. The circulatory/RAAS axis contributes to FeRD and any alteration or imbalance in the Fe-redox homeostasis (Fe-R-H) may lead to ‘new onset’ metabolic disorders (i.e., diabetes). Such inherent body damage and its long-term health consequences in post-acute sequelae of COVID-19 (PASC) require effective nutritional intervention strategies, particularly at the interface of organ system functions and immune system dynamics. The long-term sequelae of PASC indicate an accelerated rate of immune exhaustion in COVID-19 patients, due to prolonged antigen stimulation (also due to vaccine exposure). Abnormal immune metabolism may also cause systemic perturbations (i.e., FeRD), ROS/RNS production, oxidative and nitrosative stress, which could trigger multi-organ disorders ranging from mild symptoms to an incapacitating state and reduced quality of life that could last for weeks or longer following recovery from COVID-19. The five most long-term clinical manifestations of PASC include fatigue, headache, attention disorder, hair loss, and dyspnea. This narrative review elucidates the intricate impairments and sequelae associated with eight major physiological systems in COVID-19 survivors (i.e., pulmonary, neuro-cognitive, cardiovascular, renal, gastrointestinal/hepato-biliary, endocrinal, skeleton-muscular, and reproductive) – triggered by the FeRD, amplified by the HMR, altered mitochondrial function and ACE2/RAAS axis. We have attempted to exp","PeriodicalId":15882,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Food Bioactives","volume":"24 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-06-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"82184483","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Effective blood flow is vital to homeostasis. Ischemic diseases, i.e. myocardial infarction and cerebral ischemic stroke, are becoming the leading causes of death in the global. Primarily, distressed or even no blood flow leads to an imbalance between oxygen supply and demand to initiate and exacerbate damage or dysfunction in the area dominated by vessel. To prevent further damage, interventions for prompt restoration of blood flow in injury area are usually taken into account as the first-line solution. Actually, thrombolysis and percutaneous transluminal coronary angioplasty has been identified as the most effective strategy for rescuing infarcted myocardium and improving the outcome in patients with acute myocardial infarction
{"title":"Citrus flavanone glucoside hesperidin acts as a novel CaMKII-δ inhibitor to ameliorate cardiac ischemia/reperfusion Injury","authors":"Wei Zhao, H Zhao","doi":"10.31665/jfb.2022.18311","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.31665/jfb.2022.18311","url":null,"abstract":"Effective blood flow is vital to homeostasis. Ischemic diseases, i.e. myocardial infarction and cerebral ischemic stroke, are becoming the leading causes of death in the global. Primarily, distressed or even no blood flow leads to an imbalance between oxygen supply and demand to initiate and exacerbate damage or dysfunction in the area dominated by vessel. To prevent further damage, interventions for prompt restoration of blood flow in injury area are usually taken into account as the first-line solution. Actually, thrombolysis and percutaneous transluminal coronary angioplasty has been identified as the most effective strategy for rescuing infarcted myocardium and improving the outcome in patients with acute myocardial infarction","PeriodicalId":15882,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Food Bioactives","volume":"38 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-06-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"84943985","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
This study explores the potential role of cinnamaldehyde from cinnamon to elicit immunity against the pathogens of COVID-19. In the culture of traditional and herbal treatments, it was more valuable than gold. It has been observed that coronavirus infects cells of an organism including innate and adaptive immune cells. Cinnamaldehyde, eugenol, and other secondary metabolism of cinnamon extract, have a potential role to interact with spike protein of coronavirus. Available literature supports the suitability of cinnamon for acute respiratory infectious disease syndromes. It might be a promising source for the immune system to control viral infections like COVID-19. Preclinical and clinical trials are necessary for the safety and efficacy of the drug.
{"title":"Cinnamon- An Immune modulator food additive to coronavirus","authors":"R. Verma, P. Bisen","doi":"10.31665/jfb.2022.17298","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.31665/jfb.2022.17298","url":null,"abstract":"This study explores the potential role of cinnamaldehyde from cinnamon to elicit immunity against the pathogens of COVID-19. In the culture of traditional and herbal treatments, it was more valuable than gold. It has been observed that coronavirus infects cells of an organism including innate and adaptive immune cells. Cinnamaldehyde, eugenol, and other secondary metabolism of cinnamon extract, have a potential role to interact with spike protein of coronavirus. Available literature supports the suitability of cinnamon for acute respiratory infectious disease syndromes. It might be a promising source for the immune system to control viral infections like COVID-19. Preclinical and clinical trials are necessary for the safety and efficacy of the drug.","PeriodicalId":15882,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Food Bioactives","volume":"13 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-03-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"85457664","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Theaflavins in black tea and other fermented tea have attracted many studies because of their stronger antioxidant and anti-inflammatory effects among bioactives other than catechins. However, within the four major theaflavins, namely theaflavin, theaflavin-3-O-gallate, theaflavin-3′-O-gallate and theaflavin-3,3′-O,O-digallate, their biological properties are different. A method to efficiently and selectively synthesize targeted theaflavins with desired property is a key condition for further evaluation. Herein, we have summarized the sources of polyphenol oxidase (PPO) and the yields of total and individual theaflavins based on some available publications. This overview lays the foundation for a comprehensive review in this area of researchin the near future.
红茶和其他发酵茶中的茶黄素因其具有除儿茶素外较强的抗氧化和抗炎作用而引起了人们的广泛研究。然而，在四种主要的茶黄素中，即茶黄素、茶黄素-3-O-没食子酸酯、茶黄素-3 ' -O-没食子酸酯和茶黄素-3,3 ' -O, o -二二酸酯，它们的生物学特性是不同的。高效、选择性地合成具有理想性质的靶向茶黄素是进一步评价的关键条件。本文综述了多酚氧化酶(PPO)的来源以及总茶黄素和单个茶黄素的产率。本文的综述为今后对该领域的研究进行全面综述奠定了基础。
{"title":"Selection of polyphenol oxidase affects biotransformation efficacy of targeted theaflavins","authors":"Weixin Wang, Chi-Tang Ho, Shiming Li","doi":"10.31665/jfb.2022.17297","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.31665/jfb.2022.17297","url":null,"abstract":"Theaflavins in black tea and other fermented tea have attracted many studies because of their stronger antioxidant and anti-inflammatory effects among bioactives other than catechins. However, within the four major theaflavins, namely theaflavin, theaflavin-3-O-gallate, theaflavin-3′-O-gallate and theaflavin-3,3′-O,O-digallate, their biological properties are different. A method to efficiently and selectively synthesize targeted theaflavins with desired property is a key condition for further evaluation. Herein, we have summarized the sources of polyphenol oxidase (PPO) and the yields of total and individual theaflavins based on some available publications. This overview lays the foundation for a comprehensive review in this area of researchin the near future.","PeriodicalId":15882,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Food Bioactives","volume":"147 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-03-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"86653094","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
J. Wang, Liangliang Fang, Jinfeng Yu, Lili Zhao, Jiaojiao Yao, He Li, Xue Chen
AAPH and hydroxyl radicals were used to induce oxidative damage to biomolecules (lipid, DNA, protein), and the inhibitory effect of Jerusalem artichoke polysaccharides (JAPS) on oxidative damage was evaluated. The results showed that Jerusalem artichoke polysaccharides had a good inhibitory effect on the oxidative damage of lipids and DNA caused by AAPH and hydroxyl radicals. In the concentration range of 0.5-50.0 μg/mL, the degree of inhibition of Jerusalem artichoke polysaccharides on lipid peroxidation and DNA oxidation increased at first and then decreased. The protective effect of Jerusalem artichoke polysaccharides was the best at a concentration of 5.0 μg/mL. However, Jerusalem artichoke polysaccharides performed weakly in inhibiting protein oxidation, and they even exerted prooxidative effect in hydroxyl radical reaction system. These results may provide some preliminary information to further study Jerusalem artichoke polysaccharides and to help in better utilization of Jerusalem artichoke.
{"title":"The protective effect of Jerusalem artichoke polysaccharides against oxidative damage to biomolecules","authors":"J. Wang, Liangliang Fang, Jinfeng Yu, Lili Zhao, Jiaojiao Yao, He Li, Xue Chen","doi":"10.31665/jfb.2022.17303","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.31665/jfb.2022.17303","url":null,"abstract":"AAPH and hydroxyl radicals were used to induce oxidative damage to biomolecules (lipid, DNA, protein), and the inhibitory effect of Jerusalem artichoke polysaccharides (JAPS) on oxidative damage was evaluated. The results showed that Jerusalem artichoke polysaccharides had a good inhibitory effect on the oxidative damage of lipids and DNA caused by AAPH and hydroxyl radicals. In the concentration range of 0.5-50.0 μg/mL, the degree of inhibition of Jerusalem artichoke polysaccharides on lipid peroxidation and DNA oxidation increased at first and then decreased. The protective effect of Jerusalem artichoke polysaccharides was the best at a concentration of 5.0 μg/mL. However, Jerusalem artichoke polysaccharides performed weakly in inhibiting protein oxidation, and they even exerted prooxidative effect in hydroxyl radical reaction system. These results may provide some preliminary information to further study Jerusalem artichoke polysaccharides and to help in better utilization of Jerusalem artichoke.","PeriodicalId":15882,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Food Bioactives","volume":"12 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-03-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"90825075","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Food-derived bioactive peptides are promising ingredients for developing functional foods and nutraceuticals due to their putative safety, low cost, and multiple health benefits. Chicken egg is considered a major source of dietary protein, lipids, vitamins, and minerals but is also highly allergenic. The aim of this work was to investigate the inherent bioactive properties of chicken ovalbumin peptides using in silico approaches. Ovalbumin was in silico hydrolyzed with gastrointestinal proteases (chymotrypsin, trypsin, and pepsin) and results indicated cleavage of the most allergenic protein with an overall 36.62% theoretical degree of hydrolysis, consisting of 132 fragments of which 65 were di-, tri-, tetra- or oligopeptides. The most represented biological targets obtained for these peptides include HLA class I histocompatibility antigen A-3, E3 ubiquitin-protein ligase XIAP, and angiotensin-converting enzyme. Notably, peptides AIVF and AVL were found to have multi-target potentials. Gene enrichment analysis showed interaction of these peptides with some kinases and transcription factors. Overall, results from binding affinity, pharmacokinetics and physicochemical properties, and therapeutic activity showed that PGF, SSL, GGL, AVL, VY, and IL are promising peptide candidates for further studies. These results are important in the design of peptide-based functional foods and therapeutic products devoid of allergenic property of ovalbumin.
{"title":"In silico investigation of molecular targets, pharmacokinetics, and biological activities of chicken egg ovalbumin protein hydrolysates","authors":"T. Fatoki, R. Aluko, Chibuike C. Udenigwe","doi":"10.31665/jfb.2022.17302","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.31665/jfb.2022.17302","url":null,"abstract":"Food-derived bioactive peptides are promising ingredients for developing functional foods and nutraceuticals due to their putative safety, low cost, and multiple health benefits. Chicken egg is considered a major source of dietary protein, lipids, vitamins, and minerals but is also highly allergenic. The aim of this work was to investigate the inherent bioactive properties of chicken ovalbumin peptides using in silico approaches. Ovalbumin was in silico hydrolyzed with gastrointestinal proteases (chymotrypsin, trypsin, and pepsin) and results indicated cleavage of the most allergenic protein with an overall 36.62% theoretical degree of hydrolysis, consisting of 132 fragments of which 65 were di-, tri-, tetra- or oligopeptides. The most represented biological targets obtained for these peptides include HLA class I histocompatibility antigen A-3, E3 ubiquitin-protein ligase XIAP, and angiotensin-converting enzyme. Notably, peptides AIVF and AVL were found to have multi-target potentials. Gene enrichment analysis showed interaction of these peptides with some kinases and transcription factors. Overall, results from binding affinity, pharmacokinetics and physicochemical properties, and therapeutic activity showed that PGF, SSL, GGL, AVL, VY, and IL are promising peptide candidates for further studies. These results are important in the design of peptide-based functional foods and therapeutic products devoid of allergenic property of ovalbumin.","PeriodicalId":15882,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Food Bioactives","volume":"8 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-03-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"81784271","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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