Pub Date : 2019-11-07DOI: 10.4000/books.irdeditions.33212
Ismael Rafols, Tommaso Ciarli, Diego Chavarro
Context: Science is increasingly expected to help address grand challenges and societal problems such as tackling obesity, climate change, and pandemics. It is important to understand the different research options than can help to tackle these problems, and to consider the directions in which scientific research should be developed. Bibliometrics can provide helpful tools for developing representations of the existing "supply" of science. However, these representations depend on the data and methods used. Bibliometric tools or indicators, therefore, often reflect choices made in data collection and treatment. Conventional bibliometric analyses are biased against non-English languages, applied research, the social sciences and humanities, and interdisciplinary research. This study investigated the biases of available databases in the representation of research topics, particularly those related to developing countries and topics potentially relevant to disenfranchised populations. In spite of notable differences between the Web of Science (WoS) and Scopus, comparisons between these two main databases have produced similar rankings of publication production by country in different fields. When intergovernmental agencies benchmark science, these two databases continue to be used. However, the partial coverage of these main commercial databases may lead to serious misrepresentation of science in developing countries. There is a need to improve scientometric indicators to properly evaluate global science. Agricultural research is an important endeavour in developing countries. Scientists are under considerable pressure from stakeholders to solve local problems rather than contribute to the development of "universal" knowledge. This study focused on rice because it is a staple crop for millions of people across the world. Rice research was at the core of the green revolution and it sparked numerous controversies relating to the impoverishment of diets, overuse of water, exhaustion of soils, and pollution. Given the applied orientation of rice research, the local specificity of the topics, and the relative lack of relevance of the topic for many developed countries, rice research is an interesting case to test the extent of coverage by the main bibliographic databases. This study investigated biases in rice research by comparing coverage of WoS and Scopus with CAB Abstracts (Centre for Agriculture and Biosciences International, CABI), which is a specialized agriculture and environment database with a broader coverage of developing countries. The second contribution was to describe a substantive bias in coverage of different research topics. Third, the potential effects of these biases on policy were explored.
背景:人们越来越期望科学能够帮助解决重大挑战和社会问题，如解决肥胖、气候变化和流行病。重要的是要了解能够帮助解决这些问题的不同研究选择，并考虑科学研究应该发展的方向。文献计量学可以为发展现有科学“供给”的表征提供有用的工具。然而，这些表示取决于所使用的数据和方法。因此，文献计量工具或指标往往反映在数据收集和处理中所作的选择。传统的文献计量分析对非英语语言、应用研究、社会科学和人文科学以及跨学科研究存在偏见。这项研究调查了现有数据库在研究主题的代表性方面的偏差，特别是与发展中国家有关的主题和可能与被剥夺权利的人口有关的主题。尽管Web of Science (WoS)和Scopus之间存在显著差异，但对这两个主要数据库的比较得出了不同领域按国家分列的出版物产量排名。当政府间机构对科学进行基准测试时，继续使用这两个数据库。然而，这些主要商业数据库的部分覆盖可能导致发展中国家对科学的严重歪曲。有必要改进科学计量指标，以便正确地评估全球科学。农业研究是发展中国家的一项重要工作。科学家正面临来自利益相关者的巨大压力，要求他们解决当地问题，而不是为“普遍”知识的发展做出贡献。这项研究的重点是大米，因为它是世界上数百万人的主要作物。水稻研究是绿色革命的核心，它引发了许多与饮食贫乏、水的过度使用、土壤枯竭和污染有关的争议。考虑到水稻研究的应用方向、主题的地方性以及许多发达国家相对缺乏相关性，水稻研究是检验主要书目数据库覆盖范围的一个有趣案例。本研究通过比较WoS和Scopus与CAB Abstracts(国际农业与生物科学中心，CABI)的覆盖范围，调查了水稻研究中的偏差。CAB Abstracts是一个专门的农业和环境数据库，覆盖了更广泛的发展中国家。第二个贡献是描述了不同研究主题覆盖的实质性偏差。第三，探讨了这些偏见对政策的潜在影响。
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Pub Date : 1900-01-01DOI: 10.4000/books.irdeditions.33072
C. Beaudry, Carl Saint-Pierre
{"title":"How young scholars in four ASEAN countries forged successful research careers","authors":"C. Beaudry, Carl Saint-Pierre","doi":"10.4000/books.irdeditions.33072","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4000/books.irdeditions.33072","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":159065,"journal":{"name":"The Transformation of Research in the South","volume":"29 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"125547433","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 1900-01-01DOI: 10.4000/books.irdeditions.33192
Keston K. Perry
{"title":"Governing science—industry relations in the South","authors":"Keston K. Perry","doi":"10.4000/books.irdeditions.33192","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4000/books.irdeditions.33192","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":159065,"journal":{"name":"The Transformation of Research in the South","volume":"87 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"133883241","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 1900-01-01DOI: 10.4000/books.irdeditions.33122
G. Rivas, Jaime Alvarez, Dan Poniachik
{"title":"Looking for Transformative Innovation in the South","authors":"G. Rivas, Jaime Alvarez, Dan Poniachik","doi":"10.4000/books.irdeditions.33122","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4000/books.irdeditions.33122","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":159065,"journal":{"name":"The Transformation of Research in the South","volume":"71 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"124776887","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 1900-01-01DOI: 10.4000/books.irdeditions.32862
J. Lebel, Jean-Paul Moatti
{"title":"Préface","authors":"J. Lebel, Jean-Paul Moatti","doi":"10.4000/books.irdeditions.32862","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4000/books.irdeditions.32862","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":159065,"journal":{"name":"The Transformation of Research in the South","volume":"70 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"123128463","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 1900-01-01DOI: 10.4000/books.irdeditions.32952
Ana Pereyra, Solange Martinez Demarco
{"title":"Instruments shaping policy design","authors":"Ana Pereyra, Solange Martinez Demarco","doi":"10.4000/books.irdeditions.32952","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4000/books.irdeditions.32952","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":159065,"journal":{"name":"The Transformation of Research in the South","volume":"351 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"122840657","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 1900-01-01DOI: 10.4000/books.irdeditions.33052
P. Prakash, P. Deosthali, S. Rege
{"title":"How people’s movements have influenced research priorities in India","authors":"P. Prakash, P. Deosthali, S. Rege","doi":"10.4000/books.irdeditions.33052","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4000/books.irdeditions.33052","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":159065,"journal":{"name":"The Transformation of Research in the South","volume":"9 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"128009569","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 1900-01-01DOI: 10.4000/books.irdeditions.32887
R. Arvanitis, Sari Hanafi
{"title":"Research policy in Arab countries","authors":"R. Arvanitis, Sari Hanafi","doi":"10.4000/books.irdeditions.32887","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4000/books.irdeditions.32887","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":159065,"journal":{"name":"The Transformation of Research in the South","volume":"52 5 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"133919265","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 1900-01-01DOI: 10.4000/books.irdeditions.33317
Lourdes J. Cruz, Mohd. Nordin Hasan, T. Yamagata, A. Cabanban, Marie Antonette Menez, Fadzilah Binti Abdul Majid
{"title":"Research Cooperation on the Sustainability of the Marginal Seas of South and East Asia","authors":"Lourdes J. Cruz, Mohd. Nordin Hasan, T. Yamagata, A. Cabanban, Marie Antonette Menez, Fadzilah Binti Abdul Majid","doi":"10.4000/books.irdeditions.33317","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4000/books.irdeditions.33317","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":159065,"journal":{"name":"The Transformation of Research in the South","volume":"39 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"129762123","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 1900-01-01DOI: 10.4000/books.irdeditions.33362
B. Hubert, R. Cittadini, C. Carvalho
{"title":"When the South comes to the North","authors":"B. Hubert, R. Cittadini, C. Carvalho","doi":"10.4000/books.irdeditions.33362","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4000/books.irdeditions.33362","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":159065,"journal":{"name":"The Transformation of Research in the South","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"130360404","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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