Pub Date : 2023-12-06DOI: 10.51337/jasb20231206005
Miriam Vesela
Listeria monocytogenes was identified as one of the most dangerous food-borne pathogens of the 21st century, not only due to its high mortality rate but also because of its ability to establish itself as a part of drain biofilms and persist there over long periods of time. The insides of twelve drains in a cheese processing facility were swabbed over a period of five months. Bacterial DNA was isolated and quantified to ascertain the presence and abundance of the biofilm. Presence of Listeria spp. prs gene was found in four of the twelve drains, with one drain testing positive for the prs gene presence on three different occasions. 16S rRNA amplicon sequencing was conducted on the isolated DNA from two Listeria positive and two Listeria negative drains. The microbial community composition was evaluated. Most notably genera Streptococci and unclassified Lactobacillales were significantly different in abundance in the Listeria negative drains. Genera Flavobacterium and unclassified Xanthomonadaceae were found to be significantly more different in abundance in the LisTeria positive drains. The latter two genera were not previously associated with Listeria spp. or reported to be widespread in food processing environments (FPE), however, they help to illustrate the higher diversity that was seen in Listeria positive drains. This study suggests that even though the alpha diversity is not sigN ificantly different, there are differences between the drain biofilm composition between Listeria positive and Listeria negative drains, which can be further researched to ascertain how these organisms affect the presence of Listeria spp. inside drain biofilms.
单核细胞增生李斯特菌被确定为 21 世纪最危险的食源性病原体之一，这不仅是因为它的死亡率很高，还因为它能够在下水道生物膜中形成自己的一部分并长期存在。在五个月的时间里，我们对一家奶酪加工厂的十二个下水道内部进行了抽样检查。对细菌 DNA 进行了分离和量化，以确定生物膜的存在和数量。在 12 个下水道中的 4 个发现了李斯特菌属 prs 基因，其中一个下水道的 prs 基因在 3 个不同场合的检测中均呈阳性。对从两个李斯特菌阳性和两个李斯特菌阴性排水沟中分离出的 DNA 进行了 16S rRNA 扩增片段测序。对微生物群落组成进行了评估。最明显的是链球菌属和未分类的乳酸杆菌属在李斯特菌阴性排水沟中的丰度有显著差异。在李斯特菌阳性的排水沟中，黄杆菌属和未分类的黄单胞菌属在丰度上有显著差异。后两个属以前与李斯特菌属没有关联，也没有报道说它们广泛存在于食品加工环境（FPE）中，但它们有助于说明李斯特菌阳性排水沟中更高的多样性。这项研究表明，尽管α多样性没有显著差异，但李斯特菌阳性排水沟和李斯特菌阴性排水沟的排水沟生物膜组成存在差异，可以对此进行进一步研究，以确定这些生物如何影响排水沟生物膜中李斯特菌属的存在。
{"title":"Drain biofilm microbiota inside a cheese processing facility: Comparison of Listeria positive and Listeria negative drains","authors":"Miriam Vesela","doi":"10.51337/jasb20231206005","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.51337/jasb20231206005","url":null,"abstract":"Listeria monocytogenes was identified as one of the most dangerous food-borne pathogens of the 21st century, not only due to its high mortality rate but also because of its ability to establish itself as a part of drain biofilms and persist there over long periods of time. The insides of twelve drains in a cheese processing facility were swabbed over a period of five months. Bacterial DNA was isolated and quantified to ascertain the presence and abundance of the biofilm. Presence of Listeria spp. prs gene was found in four of the twelve drains, with one drain testing positive for the prs gene presence on three different occasions. 16S rRNA amplicon sequencing was conducted on the isolated DNA from two Listeria positive and two Listeria negative drains. The microbial community composition was evaluated. Most notably genera Streptococci and unclassified Lactobacillales were significantly different in abundance in the Listeria negative drains. Genera Flavobacterium and unclassified Xanthomonadaceae were found to be significantly more different in abundance in the LisTeria positive drains. The latter two genera were not previously associated with Listeria spp. or reported to be widespread in food processing environments (FPE), however, they help to illustrate the higher diversity that was seen in Listeria positive drains. This study suggests that even though the alpha diversity is not sigN ificantly different, there are differences between the drain biofilm composition between Listeria positive and Listeria negative drains, which can be further researched to ascertain how these organisms affect the presence of Listeria spp. inside drain biofilms.","PeriodicalId":161839,"journal":{"name":"Journal of the ASB Society","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-12-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139186067","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-12-06DOI: 10.51337/jasb20231206003
Matyas Pokorny, Petr Macha, Vojtech Svoboda
In this paper, the direct and inverse equilibrium computation mode of the NICE code is put into operation for the case of the GOLEM tokamak. This enables, for the first time, simulations of GOLEM's magnetic field. The computation mode put into operation simulates the magnetohydrodynamic equilibrium of a tokamak plasma based on a given plasma position or given currents in poloidal magnetic field coils. In order to set up NICE, a virtual model of GOLEM is introduced that includes axially symmetrical approximations of GOLEM's iron core and primary transformer coils. The results of NICE simulations are compared with experimental measurements, and it is shown that NICE simulations produce plasma equilibrium configurations typical for GOLEM. Nevertheless, a more detailed validation of GOLEM's virtual model and of the results of NICE simulations is to be performed in the future.
{"title":"Magnetic field simulations of the GOLEM tokamak via the NICE code","authors":"Matyas Pokorny, Petr Macha, Vojtech Svoboda","doi":"10.51337/jasb20231206003","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.51337/jasb20231206003","url":null,"abstract":"In this paper, the direct and inverse equilibrium computation mode of the NICE code is put into operation for the case of the GOLEM tokamak. This enables, for the first time, simulations of GOLEM's magnetic field. The computation mode put into operation simulates the magnetohydrodynamic equilibrium of a tokamak plasma based on a given plasma position or given currents in poloidal magnetic field coils. In order to set up NICE, a virtual model of GOLEM is introduced that includes axially symmetrical approximations of GOLEM's iron core and primary transformer coils. The results of NICE simulations are compared with experimental measurements, and it is shown that NICE simulations produce plasma equilibrium configurations typical for GOLEM. Nevertheless, a more detailed validation of GOLEM's virtual model and of the results of NICE simulations is to be performed in the future.","PeriodicalId":161839,"journal":{"name":"Journal of the ASB Society","volume":"48 4","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-12-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139185972","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-12-06DOI: 10.51337/jasb20231206002
Benedikt Mrazek
In present thesis, the author deals with the problem of free will and the possibility of its existence. He discovers the falsity of libertarianism radically conceived, according to which (radical) indeterminism is required for free will. But if we show that radical indeterminism is false, and if we deny any type of compatibilism as well, a logical dilemma once called an "Ancient Dilemma" enters the scene: If neither determinism nor indeterminism is consistent with free will, then free will simply cannot exist. The author provides a solution for this dilemma, while attempting to prove human freedom consistent. As he believes, however, this cannot be done until some important distinctions are provided, especially between External and Internal Determinism. While the author refutes External Determinism (and External Compatibilism), he defends Internal (or Intellectual) Determinism (as well as respective compatibilism). In the ending passage of his treatment, the author compares his philosophical solution of the free will problem with some recent scientific theories, especially with the physicalistically concieved Law of Conservation of Energy.
{"title":"Towards the intellectual compatibilism","authors":"Benedikt Mrazek","doi":"10.51337/jasb20231206002","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.51337/jasb20231206002","url":null,"abstract":"In present thesis, the author deals with the problem of free will and the possibility of its existence. He discovers the falsity of libertarianism radically conceived, according to which (radical) indeterminism is required for free will. But if we show that radical indeterminism is false, and if we deny any type of compatibilism as well, a logical dilemma once called an \"Ancient Dilemma\" enters the scene: If neither determinism nor indeterminism is consistent with free will, then free will simply cannot exist. The author provides a solution for this dilemma, while attempting to prove human freedom consistent. As he believes, however, this cannot be done until some important distinctions are provided, especially between External and Internal Determinism. While the author refutes External Determinism (and External Compatibilism), he defends Internal (or Intellectual) Determinism (as well as respective compatibilism). In the ending passage of his treatment, the author compares his philosophical solution of the free will problem with some recent scientific theories, especially with the physicalistically concieved Law of Conservation of Energy.","PeriodicalId":161839,"journal":{"name":"Journal of the ASB Society","volume":"47 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-12-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139186084","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-12-06DOI: 10.51337/jasb20231206001
Marcel Konicek
A woman growing scales which must be removed using skin-care products, or a man whose body disintegrates into dust after he left an elevator where he had spent his whole life. Modern Japanese literature is full of elements that run against our everyday experience such as these and writings of female writers Tawada Yōko and Ogawa Yōko are especially inundated by disconcerting and puzzling dreamlike scenes. What meaning are they trying to convey? What function does their inclusion in the text fulfil? How do they influence structure of their worlds? These questions pose a vexing problem for anyone attempting to analyse many of the works of contemporary Japanese literature as it is not easy to find a suitable theoretical approach to answer them. In this paper through interpretation of two shorter works by both authors E.B.'s Unfulfilled Wish by Ogawa and The Bath by Tawada) using a theoretical framework based on unnatural narratology and fictional world theory I attempt to answer these questions and show the central role these elements fulfil in both world-formation and meaning-formation of the texts. I will also point out how the usage of unnatural elements places both authors firmly into the realm of the ontology-dominated postmodern literature as defined by Brian McHale.
{"title":"Unnatural Elements in Works of Tawada Yōko and Ogawa Yōko","authors":"Marcel Konicek","doi":"10.51337/jasb20231206001","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.51337/jasb20231206001","url":null,"abstract":"A woman growing scales which must be removed using skin-care products, or a man whose body disintegrates into dust after he left an elevator where he had spent his whole life. Modern Japanese literature is full of elements that run against our everyday experience such as these and writings of female writers Tawada Yōko and Ogawa Yōko are especially inundated by disconcerting and puzzling dreamlike scenes. What meaning are they trying to convey? What function does their inclusion in the text fulfil? How do they influence structure of their worlds? These questions pose a vexing problem for anyone attempting to analyse many of the works of contemporary Japanese literature as it is not easy to find a suitable theoretical approach to answer them. In this paper through interpretation of two shorter works by both authors E.B.'s Unfulfilled Wish by Ogawa and The Bath by Tawada) using a theoretical framework based on unnatural narratology and fictional world theory I attempt to answer these questions and show the central role these elements fulfil in both world-formation and meaning-formation of the texts. I will also point out how the usage of unnatural elements places both authors firmly into the realm of the ontology-dominated postmodern literature as defined by Brian McHale.","PeriodicalId":161839,"journal":{"name":"Journal of the ASB Society","volume":"15 11","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-12-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139185995","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-12-06DOI: 10.51337/jasb20231206004
Vaclav Verner
Practical organic chemistry is one of the least accessible subjects to study in high school laboratories, due to high cost demands on organic chemicals and equipement. The objective of this project was to design and carry out an easily replicable synthesis for students to try out or for educators to demonstrate. The resulting 4-step 5-reaction synthesis, which uses well-known as well as alternative reactions, but only cheap and accessible reagents produces a diazonium dye which can be demonstrated by its pH-measuring properties.
{"title":"Azo dyes synthesis demonstrations for education purposes","authors":"Vaclav Verner","doi":"10.51337/jasb20231206004","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.51337/jasb20231206004","url":null,"abstract":"Practical organic chemistry is one of the least accessible subjects to study in high school laboratories, due to high cost demands on organic chemicals and equipement. The objective of this project was to design and carry out an easily replicable synthesis for students to try out or for educators to demonstrate. The resulting 4-step 5-reaction synthesis, which uses well-known as well as alternative reactions, but only cheap and accessible reagents produces a diazonium dye which can be demonstrated by its pH-measuring properties.","PeriodicalId":161839,"journal":{"name":"Journal of the ASB Society","volume":"91 3","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-12-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139186165","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-12-06DOI: 10.51337/jasb20221206004
P. Dubovský, I. Kudzej, Tomáš Medulka, Petrik Karol, S. Shugarov
We are experiencing an increased rate of nova explosion observed from the northern hemisphere in the recent 2 years. Starting from July 2020 with the strongly reddened nova V1391 Cas, we are continuously observing some novae in outburst. Here, we report the observations of 5 classical novae: Nova Cas 2020 = V1391 Cas, Nova Per 2020 = V1112 Per, Nova Cas 2021 = V1405 Cas, Nova Her 2021 = V1674 Her and Nova Vul 2021 = V606 Vul. The best at the end - the recurrent symbiotic nova RS Oph. In this paper, we report our photometric and spectroscopic observations. Thorough analysis is to be done in the near future. At this moment we want to highlight two important facts. In the case of V1405 Cas, we know the orbital period of the progenitor. The progenitor of V1674 Her is an intermediate polar with known white dwarf spin period. In both cases, it will be very interesting to compare the values after the nova explosion. In the case of V1674 Her, we have already measured both the orbital and the spin period.
我们正在经历最近两年从北半球观测到的新星爆炸率的增加。从2020年7月强烈变红的新星V1391 Cas开始，我们连续观测到一些新星的爆发。本文报道了5颗经典新星的观测结果:Nova Cas 2020 = V1391 Cas, Nova Per 2020 = V1112 Per, Nova Cas 2021 = V1405 Cas, Nova Her 2021 = V1674 Her和Nova Vul 2021 = V606 Vul。最好的在最后-复发共生新星RS蛇夫。在本文中，我们报告了我们的光度和光谱观测结果。在不久的将来要进行彻底的分析。此时此刻，我们想强调两个重要的事实。在V1405 Cas的例子中，我们知道其前身的轨道周期。V1674 Her的前身是一个具有已知白矮星自旋周期的中间极。在这两种情况下，比较新星爆炸后的数值将是非常有趣的。在V1674 Her的例子中，我们已经测量了轨道和自旋周期。
{"title":"Observations of Recent Novae Visible on the Northern Hemisphere","authors":"P. Dubovský, I. Kudzej, Tomáš Medulka, Petrik Karol, S. Shugarov","doi":"10.51337/jasb20221206004","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.51337/jasb20221206004","url":null,"abstract":"We are experiencing an increased rate of nova explosion observed from the northern hemisphere in the recent 2 years. Starting from July 2020 with the strongly reddened nova V1391 Cas, we are continuously observing some novae in outburst. Here, we report the observations of 5 classical novae: Nova Cas 2020 = V1391 Cas, Nova Per 2020 = V1112 Per, Nova Cas 2021 = V1405 Cas, Nova Her 2021 = V1674 Her and Nova Vul 2021 = V606 Vul. The best at the end - the recurrent symbiotic nova RS Oph. In this paper, we report our photometric and spectroscopic observations. Thorough analysis is to be done in the near future. At this moment we want to highlight two important facts. In the case of V1405 Cas, we know the orbital period of the progenitor. The progenitor of V1674 Her is an intermediate polar with known white dwarf spin period. In both cases, it will be very interesting to compare the values after the nova explosion. In the case of V1674 Her, we have already measured both the orbital and the spin period.","PeriodicalId":161839,"journal":{"name":"Journal of the ASB Society","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-12-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"130196983","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-12-06DOI: 10.51337/jasb20221206003
Marco Souza de Joode
In this article, the period-luminosity (P-L) relation is determined of delta Sct stars, based on a strictly selected sample of 483 stars from the OGLE-IV Galactic bulge fileds, together with 547 delta Sct, of which 52 are high-amplitude delta Sct stars (HADS) from the CzeV catalogue using Gaia DR2 parallaxes and apparent magnitudes. Absolute magnitudes were corrected for interstellar extinction using the Planck thermal foreground dust maps and the 3D Bayestar probabilistic dust map. Where possible, the CzeV catalogue periods were compared with photometric measurements from the TESS mission.
{"title":"Period-luminosity relation of delta Sct stars from OGLE-IV and the CzeV catalogues","authors":"Marco Souza de Joode","doi":"10.51337/jasb20221206003","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.51337/jasb20221206003","url":null,"abstract":"In this article, the period-luminosity (P-L) relation is determined of delta Sct stars, based on a strictly selected sample of 483 stars from the OGLE-IV Galactic bulge fileds, together with 547 delta Sct, of which 52 are high-amplitude delta Sct stars (HADS) from the CzeV catalogue using Gaia DR2 parallaxes and apparent magnitudes. Absolute magnitudes were corrected for interstellar extinction using the Planck thermal foreground dust maps and the 3D Bayestar probabilistic dust map. Where possible, the CzeV catalogue periods were compared with photometric measurements from the TESS mission.","PeriodicalId":161839,"journal":{"name":"Journal of the ASB Society","volume":"55 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-12-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"129333462","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-12-06DOI: 10.51337/jasb20221206002
P. Mártonfi, Galis Rudolf
AX Persei belongs to a group of symbiotic stars, which are open binaries usually consisting of a cool giant and a white dwarf. The mass transfer between the components of these interacting systems is responsible for the manifestations of their observed outburst activity. In this article, we present the results of determining the orbital period of AX Persei based on the analysis of its radial velocity curve. We used 75 radial velocities, out of which 45 were collected from literature and 30 were derived using the spectra from ARAS database. Two methods were used to determine the radial velocities: the Doppler shift measurement of the sodium absorption doublet and the cross-correlation analysis. The result of the period analysis of the radial velocities of AX Persei is the orbital period of 681.2 ± 4.2days, which is in good agreement with the value determined by our previous analysis of photometric variability of the symbiotic system as well as with the values derived by other researchers.
{"title":"Orbital period of the symbiotic system AX Persei determined by the method of radial velocities","authors":"P. Mártonfi, Galis Rudolf","doi":"10.51337/jasb20221206002","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.51337/jasb20221206002","url":null,"abstract":"AX Persei belongs to a group of symbiotic stars, which are open binaries usually consisting of a cool giant and a white dwarf. The mass transfer between the components of these interacting systems is responsible for the manifestations of their observed outburst activity. In this article, we present the results of determining the orbital period of AX Persei based on the analysis of its radial velocity curve. We used 75 radial velocities, out of which 45 were collected from literature and 30 were derived using the spectra from ARAS database. Two methods were used to determine the radial velocities: the Doppler shift measurement of the sodium absorption doublet and the cross-correlation analysis. The result of the period analysis of the radial velocities of AX Persei is the orbital period of 681.2 ± 4.2days, which is in good agreement with the value determined by our previous analysis of photometric variability of the symbiotic system as well as with the values derived by other researchers.","PeriodicalId":161839,"journal":{"name":"Journal of the ASB Society","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-12-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"131190998","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-12-06DOI: 10.51337/jasb20221206001
M. Brchnelova
When most people hear the phrase "space exploration", they imagine preparing the colonisation of Mars, studying distant planets, searching for alien life or studying exotic black holes. Many times, however, mankind tends to leap before looking and focus on the exotic and the interesting instead of that which might not seem that special to most of us, but which which can be crucial for our survival. This way, many major and important issues in astrophysics - and sciences in general - can become overlooked and take very long to resolve. One such major issue in astrophysics is the behaviour of our closest star, the Sun. While we generally assume that we have a good idea about the most significant processes in the solar interior acting as its main energy source, our attempts at explaining the dynamics and structure of the solar atmosphere (the so-called corona) are still merely an educated guesswork at best. Due to several of the magnetohydrodynamic processes which we do not yet fully understand, the temperature of the solar atmosphere is very high compared to the layers underneath and reaches millions of Kelvins. Since this is where the major mass ejections occur, some of which might be directed towards the Earth causing geomagnetic storms, it is crucial that we start not only to fully understand these processes, but also to be able to accurately predict their outcomes. As will be shown in this text however, it is not only our limited understanding of the physics which prevents us from doing that; it is also the lack of computational resources. This paper firstly briefly discusses the basic physics behind the behaviour of the solar coronal plasma. Afterwards, it discusses the coronal heating problem in more detail and finally, it outlines the major challenges we currently face which seem to prevent us from efficient simulation and complete understanding of the behaviour of our closest star.
{"title":"There is More Than Just One “Corona” That Can Kill Us All","authors":"M. Brchnelova","doi":"10.51337/jasb20221206001","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.51337/jasb20221206001","url":null,"abstract":"When most people hear the phrase \"space exploration\", they imagine preparing the colonisation of Mars, studying distant planets, searching for alien life or studying exotic black holes. Many times, however, mankind tends to leap before looking and focus on the exotic and the interesting instead of that which might not seem that special to most of us, but which which can be crucial for our survival. This way, many major and important issues in astrophysics - and sciences in general - can become overlooked and take very long to resolve. One such major issue in astrophysics is the behaviour of our closest star, the Sun. While we generally assume that we have a good idea about the most significant processes in the solar interior acting as its main energy source, our attempts at explaining the dynamics and structure of the solar atmosphere (the so-called corona) are still merely an educated guesswork at best. Due to several of the magnetohydrodynamic processes which we do not yet fully understand, the temperature of the solar atmosphere is very high compared to the layers underneath and reaches millions of Kelvins. Since this is where the major mass ejections occur, some of which might be directed towards the Earth causing geomagnetic storms, it is crucial that we start not only to fully understand these processes, but also to be able to accurately predict their outcomes. As will be shown in this text however, it is not only our limited understanding of the physics which prevents us from doing that; it is also the lack of computational resources. This paper firstly briefly discusses the basic physics behind the behaviour of the solar coronal plasma. Afterwards, it discusses the coronal heating problem in more detail and finally, it outlines the major challenges we currently face which seem to prevent us from efficient simulation and complete understanding of the behaviour of our closest star.","PeriodicalId":161839,"journal":{"name":"Journal of the ASB Society","volume":"212 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-12-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"122127603","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-12-27DOI: 10.51337/jasb20211227002
Otakar Kořínek
This paper draws on weekly consumer spending data collected by American private companies to analyze the impact of the Economic Impact Payments on consumer spending in American counties. We use regression discontinuity design to quantify the causal effect of the Stimulus Checks on spending and use heterogeneity in economic and demographic factors to determine which groups of counties increased their spending the most, to see what factors affected the Stimulus Checks’ effectiveness. We then use the observed difference in impact across groups of counties to discuss whether the Stimulus Checks were the optimal governmental policy in the crisis and discuss the effectiveness of one-time transfer payments in future recessions.
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