José Airton, Ianara de Souza Greco Annik, Santiago Pereira Renan, Roberto Malfara Wilson, da Silva Soares de Souza Maricelma, Maria Barbalho Sandra, Landgraf Guiguer Élen, Cressoni Araújo Adriano
1 Postgraduate Program in Structural and Functional Interactions in Rehabilitation, University of Marília (UNIMAR), Marília, Brazil. 2 Department of Biochemistry and Pharmacology, School of Medicine, University of Marília (UNIMAR), Marília, Brazil. 3 Barão de Mauá University Center, Ribeirão Preto, Brazil. 4 Department of Biochemistry and Nutrition, Faculty of Food Technology of Marília, Marília, Brazil.
{"title":"Evaluation of the anxiolytic effects of acute administration of Passiflora alata extract in wistar rats submitted to swimming","authors":"José Airton, Ianara de Souza Greco Annik, Santiago Pereira Renan, Roberto Malfara Wilson, da Silva Soares de Souza Maricelma, Maria Barbalho Sandra, Landgraf Guiguer Élen, Cressoni Araújo Adriano","doi":"10.5897/jmpr2021.7205","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5897/jmpr2021.7205","url":null,"abstract":"1 Postgraduate Program in Structural and Functional Interactions in Rehabilitation, University of Marília (UNIMAR), Marília, Brazil. 2 Department of Biochemistry and Pharmacology, School of Medicine, University of Marília (UNIMAR), Marília, Brazil. 3 Barão de Mauá University Center, Ribeirão Preto, Brazil. 4 Department of Biochemistry and Nutrition, Faculty of Food Technology of Marília, Marília, Brazil.","PeriodicalId":16387,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Medicinal Plants Research","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-02-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41690828","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Tsebang Baloyi Itumeleng, Jesulayomi Adeosun Idowu, Ahmed Yusuf Abdullahi, Cosa Sekelwa
South African indigenous plants have been predominantly studied for their antibacterial abilities, overlooking their antipathogenic and antivirulence (also known as antiquorum sensing) potential. Hence, this study explored the selected medicinal plants as possible agents capable of interfering with bacterial growth, quorum sensing and biofilm formation and identified their respective bioactive compounds. Ten medicinal plants were extracted with varied solvents. Melianthus comosus (dichloromethane, aqueous and methanol), Pelargonium sidoides (aqueous) and Vachellia karroo (aqueous and methanol) extracts showed potent minimum inhibitory concentration values ranging from 0.19 to 0.78 mg/ml against the tested bacterial pathogens: Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Klebsiella pneumoniae, Staphylococcus aureus, Streptococcus pyogenes, and Escherichia coli. Reduced violacein production (up to 38.34%) in Chromobacterium violaceum was noted for Melianthus comosus, Plectranthus ecklonii and Pelargonium sidoides extracts. Treatment of five MDR bacterial pathogens with active extracts for anti-adhesion and biofilm development showed up to 66.34 and 31.82% inhibitory effects, respectively. Chemical characterization of active extracts revealed compounds such as α-D-glucopyranoside, methyl, linalool, octadecanoic acid and hexadecanoic acid. The biological assays validated the tested plant extracts as having antibacterial and antipathogenic potentials that could be used against multidrug resistant bacteria.
南非本土植物主要研究其抗菌能力，忽视了它们的抗致病性和抗毒力(也称为抗群体感应)潜力。因此，本研究探索了选定的药用植物作为可能干扰细菌生长、群体感应和生物膜形成的药物，并鉴定了它们各自的生物活性化合物。采用不同溶剂提取10种药用植物。对铜绿假单胞菌、肺炎克雷伯菌、金黄色葡萄球菌、化脓性链球菌和大肠杆菌等病原菌的最低抑菌浓度为0.19 ~ 0.78 mg/ml。在紫色杆菌中，绵草、石竹和天竺葵提取物的紫色素产量降低了38.34%。活性提取物对5种耐多药病原菌的抗黏附和生物膜发育的抑制效果分别达到66.34%和31.82%。活性提取物的化学成分主要为α- d -葡萄糖吡喃苷、甲基、芳樟醇、十八烷酸和十六烷酸。生物试验验证了所测植物提取物具有抗菌和抗致病性，可用于治疗多重耐药细菌。
{"title":"Antibacterial, antiquorum sensing, antibiofilm activities and chemical profiling of selected South African medicinal plants against multi-drug resistant bacteria","authors":"Tsebang Baloyi Itumeleng, Jesulayomi Adeosun Idowu, Ahmed Yusuf Abdullahi, Cosa Sekelwa","doi":"10.5897/jmpr2021.7192","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5897/jmpr2021.7192","url":null,"abstract":"South African indigenous plants have been predominantly studied for their antibacterial abilities, overlooking their antipathogenic and antivirulence (also known as antiquorum sensing) potential. Hence, this study explored the selected medicinal plants as possible agents capable of interfering with bacterial growth, quorum sensing and biofilm formation and identified their respective bioactive compounds. Ten medicinal plants were extracted with varied solvents. Melianthus comosus (dichloromethane, aqueous and methanol), Pelargonium sidoides (aqueous) and Vachellia karroo (aqueous and methanol) extracts showed potent minimum inhibitory concentration values ranging from 0.19 to 0.78 mg/ml against the tested bacterial pathogens: Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Klebsiella pneumoniae, Staphylococcus aureus, Streptococcus pyogenes, and Escherichia coli. Reduced violacein production (up to 38.34%) in Chromobacterium violaceum was noted for Melianthus comosus, Plectranthus ecklonii and Pelargonium sidoides extracts. Treatment of five MDR bacterial pathogens with active extracts for anti-adhesion and biofilm development showed up to 66.34 and 31.82% inhibitory effects, respectively. Chemical characterization of active extracts revealed compounds such as α-D-glucopyranoside, methyl, linalool, octadecanoic acid and hexadecanoic acid. The biological assays validated the tested plant extracts as having antibacterial and antipathogenic potentials that could be used against multidrug resistant bacteria.","PeriodicalId":16387,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Medicinal Plants Research","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-02-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48381577","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Dias Ribeiro Silva Ianna, Fernandes Ramos Uebem, Esquerdo Cerqueira Luciana, Santa Brígida da Silva Andressa, Alves Damasceno Junior Geraldo, Alexandre Carollo Carlos, dos Santos Bastos Ivanildes, Puccinelli Orlandi Patrícia, Markus-Michalczyk Heike, Luiz Ramos Barbosa Wagner
1 Laboratory of Chromatography and Mass Spectrometry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Institute of Health Sciences, Federal University Pará, Rua Augusto Corrêa, 1, 66075-110, Belém, Brazil. 2 Federal University of Mato Grosso do Sul, Campo Grande, Mato Grosso do Sul, Brazil. 3 Leônidas and Maria Deane Institute, Oswaldo Cruz Foundation – FIOCRUZ, Rua Teresina, 6905707, Manaus, AM, Brazil. 4 NIOZ Royal Netherlands Institute for Sea Research, Department of Estuarine and Delta Systems, and Utrecht University, P. O. Box 140, 4400 AC, Yerseke, The Netherlands.
{"title":"Antiplasmodial activity and phenolic composition of Brazilian Salix humboldtiana Willd. extract and fractions","authors":"Dias Ribeiro Silva Ianna, Fernandes Ramos Uebem, Esquerdo Cerqueira Luciana, Santa Brígida da Silva Andressa, Alves Damasceno Junior Geraldo, Alexandre Carollo Carlos, dos Santos Bastos Ivanildes, Puccinelli Orlandi Patrícia, Markus-Michalczyk Heike, Luiz Ramos Barbosa Wagner","doi":"10.5897/jmpr2021.7131","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5897/jmpr2021.7131","url":null,"abstract":"1 Laboratory of Chromatography and Mass Spectrometry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Institute of Health Sciences, Federal University Pará, Rua Augusto Corrêa, 1, 66075-110, Belém, Brazil. 2 Federal University of Mato Grosso do Sul, Campo Grande, Mato Grosso do Sul, Brazil. 3 Leônidas and Maria Deane Institute, Oswaldo Cruz Foundation – FIOCRUZ, Rua Teresina, 6905707, Manaus, AM, Brazil. 4 NIOZ Royal Netherlands Institute for Sea Research, Department of Estuarine and Delta Systems, and Utrecht University, P. O. Box 140, 4400 AC, Yerseke, The Netherlands.","PeriodicalId":16387,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Medicinal Plants Research","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-02-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"46347096","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pinto e Nose Natalia, Sunti Dalcin Mateus, L. Bruna, Solci Toloy Rodrigo, Souza Carlos Mourao Dalmarcia, Giongo Marcos, Cangussu Alex, Helena da Cruz Araujo Sabrina, Rodrigues dos Santos Gil
1 Programa de Pós-graduação em Produção Vegetal, Universidade Federal do Tocantins, Brazil. 2 Programa de Pós-graduação em Biotecnologia da Rede Bionorte, Rede Bionorte, Brazil. 3 Programa de Pós-graduação em Ciências Florestais e Ambientais, Universidade Federal do Tocantins, Brazil. 4 Programa de Mestrado em Biotecnologia e Doutorado em Rede de Biodiversidade e Biotecnologia da Amazônia Legal, Brazil.
{"title":"Noni essential oil associated with adjuvants in the production of phytoalexins and in the control of soybean anthracnosis","authors":"Pinto e Nose Natalia, Sunti Dalcin Mateus, L. Bruna, Solci Toloy Rodrigo, Souza Carlos Mourao Dalmarcia, Giongo Marcos, Cangussu Alex, Helena da Cruz Araujo Sabrina, Rodrigues dos Santos Gil","doi":"10.5897/jmpr2021.7154","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5897/jmpr2021.7154","url":null,"abstract":"1 Programa de Pós-graduação em Produção Vegetal, Universidade Federal do Tocantins, Brazil. 2 Programa de Pós-graduação em Biotecnologia da Rede Bionorte, Rede Bionorte, Brazil. 3 Programa de Pós-graduação em Ciências Florestais e Ambientais, Universidade Federal do Tocantins, Brazil. 4 Programa de Mestrado em Biotecnologia e Doutorado em Rede de Biodiversidade e Biotecnologia da Amazônia Legal, Brazil.","PeriodicalId":16387,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Medicinal Plants Research","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-01-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48012947","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
A total of 128 medicinal plant species belonging to 71 genera and 46 families were identified and used to treat 42 human ailments. Euphorbiaceae was the leading family with 14 species, followed by Rubiaceae and Leg-Caesalpiniaceae with 12 and 8 species, respectively. Seven species (Coffea stenophylla, Garcinia afzelii, Mitragyna stipulosa, Irvingia gabonensis, Milicia regia, Nauclea diderrichii and Nesogordonia papaverifera) are of conservation concern. Herbs are the highest followed by shrubs, trees, climbers and epiphytes. Leaves are the most used parts, followed by roots, fruits, stems, flowers, nuts, tubers and seeds. The highest calculated Relative Frequency of Citations Index (RFC) was for Musa sapientum, followed by Zingiber officinale, Anisophyllea laurina, Cola nitida, Nauclea latifolia, Tetracera potatoria Allophylus africanus, Cassia sieberiana and Termitomyces microcarpus. The highest Use Value index (UV) was calculated for Cola nitida (1.9) followed by Nauclea latifolia (1.56), Zingiber officinale (1.55) Ficus exasperata and Tetracera potatoria (1.44) respectively. Medicinal plants knowledge is strongly associated with the elderly in secret societies which are structured along gender lines. Plant use for medicinal reason actually addresses a significant part of the way of life and customs of the people living in this area and other rural locations in Sierra Leone.
{"title":"Ethnobotanical survey of medicinal plants utilized by forest edge communities in southern Sierra Leone","authors":"Johnny Jonathan, Lebbie Aiah, Wadsworth Richard","doi":"10.5897/jmpr2021.7193","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5897/jmpr2021.7193","url":null,"abstract":"A total of 128 medicinal plant species belonging to 71 genera and 46 families were identified and used to treat 42 human ailments. Euphorbiaceae was the leading family with 14 species, followed by Rubiaceae and Leg-Caesalpiniaceae with 12 and 8 species, respectively. Seven species (Coffea stenophylla, Garcinia afzelii, Mitragyna stipulosa, Irvingia gabonensis, Milicia regia, Nauclea diderrichii and Nesogordonia papaverifera) are of conservation concern. Herbs are the highest followed by shrubs, trees, climbers and epiphytes. Leaves are the most used parts, followed by roots, fruits, stems, flowers, nuts, tubers and seeds. The highest calculated Relative Frequency of Citations Index (RFC) was for Musa sapientum, followed by Zingiber officinale, Anisophyllea laurina, Cola nitida, Nauclea latifolia, Tetracera potatoria Allophylus africanus, Cassia sieberiana and Termitomyces microcarpus. The highest Use Value index (UV) was calculated for Cola nitida (1.9) followed by Nauclea latifolia (1.56), Zingiber officinale (1.55) Ficus exasperata and Tetracera potatoria (1.44) respectively. Medicinal plants knowledge is strongly associated with the elderly in secret societies which are structured along gender lines. Plant use for medicinal reason actually addresses a significant part of the way of life and customs of the people living in this area and other rural locations in Sierra Leone.","PeriodicalId":16387,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Medicinal Plants Research","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-01-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44642830","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Clinacanthus nutans is an economically important medicinal plant that can be found grown in many countries in the Asian region. Useful medicine properties such as anti-cancer, anti-bacteria, and anti-viral, backed by its high content of phytochemical compounds such vitexin, isovitexin, stigmasterol and lupeol has increased the demand for C. nutans in the market. Extensive work had been carried out on its content and pharmacological activity using fresh samples but limited studies for in vitro cultures of C. nutans . No genome size estimation has been done for C. nutans . Objective of this study was to analyse nuclear DNA content of C. nutans using flow cytometry. Preparation of different nuclei isolation buffer and stoichiometric DNA staining using propidium iodide was carried out. The genome size of C. nutans was estimated using Glycine max cv. Polanka as internal standard and its genome size was compared with in vitro plantlets of C. nutans. Flow cytometry analysis revealed that nuclear 2C DNA of C. nutans content is estimated at 1.75 ± 0.006 pg. Coefficient of variation in flow cytometric analysis was within the limit of 5% implying that the results were reliable with the Tris.MgCl 2 being the best nuclei isolation buffer. No significant difference was observed from field grown and in vitro C. nutans . This finding will assist further in genome size evolution analysis of Clinacanthus spp. and to determine polyploids for increased active compounds and biomass. replicate being performed on different days. In all the experiments, the fluorescence of at least 5000 nuclei to 10000 nuclei was measured. Conversion from picograms (pg) to base pair numbers was done as follows: 1 pg DNA is equivalent to 0.978 × 10 9 bp (Dolezel et al., 2007). The results were analysed using one way analysis of variance (ANOVA) using SPSS version 25. For significant effect, Tukey’s pairwise comparison was carried out with p value ≤ 0.05..
胡桃木是一种经济上重要的药用植物，在亚洲地区的许多国家都有种植。抗癌、抗菌和抗病毒等有用的药物特性，加上其高含量的植物化学化合物，如卵黄蛋白、异卵黄蛋白、豆甾醇和羽扇豆醇，增加了市场对坚果的需求。使用新鲜样品对其含量和药理活性进行了广泛的研究，但对坚果梭菌体外培养的研究有限。目前尚未对坚果C.nutans进行基因组大小估计。本研究的目的是用流式细胞术分析坚果核DNA的含量。制备不同的细胞核分离缓冲液，并用碘化丙啶进行化学计量DNA染色。以Glycine max cv.Polanka为内标，对坚果C.nutans的基因组大小进行了估算，并将其与离体植株进行了比较。流式细胞仪分析表明，坚果细胞核2C DNA含量估计为1.75±0.006pg。流式细胞术分析的变异系数在5%以内，表明结果是可靠的，Tris.MgCl2是最佳的细胞核分离缓冲液。在野外生长和体外培养的坚果中没有观察到显著差异。这一发现将有助于进一步进行Clinacanthus spp.的基因组大小进化分析，并确定活性化合物和生物量增加的多倍体。在不同的日子进行复制。在所有实验中，测量了至少5000个核至10000个核的荧光。从皮克（pg）到碱基对数的转换如下：1 pg DNA相当于0.978×109bp（Dolezel等人，2007）。结果采用SPSS 25版单因素方差分析（ANOVA）进行分析。为了获得显著效果，进行了Tukey的成对比较，p值≤0.05。。
{"title":"Optimized flow cytometric protocol and genome size estimation of Sabah snake grass (Clinacanthus nutans)","authors":"Kandaiah Vidhyaini, Singaram Nallammai, Isparan Kandasamy Kodi","doi":"10.5897/jmpr2021.7162","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5897/jmpr2021.7162","url":null,"abstract":"Clinacanthus nutans is an economically important medicinal plant that can be found grown in many countries in the Asian region. Useful medicine properties such as anti-cancer, anti-bacteria, and anti-viral, backed by its high content of phytochemical compounds such vitexin, isovitexin, stigmasterol and lupeol has increased the demand for C. nutans in the market. Extensive work had been carried out on its content and pharmacological activity using fresh samples but limited studies for in vitro cultures of C. nutans . No genome size estimation has been done for C. nutans . Objective of this study was to analyse nuclear DNA content of C. nutans using flow cytometry. Preparation of different nuclei isolation buffer and stoichiometric DNA staining using propidium iodide was carried out. The genome size of C. nutans was estimated using Glycine max cv. Polanka as internal standard and its genome size was compared with in vitro plantlets of C. nutans. Flow cytometry analysis revealed that nuclear 2C DNA of C. nutans content is estimated at 1.75 ± 0.006 pg. Coefficient of variation in flow cytometric analysis was within the limit of 5% implying that the results were reliable with the Tris.MgCl 2 being the best nuclei isolation buffer. No significant difference was observed from field grown and in vitro C. nutans . This finding will assist further in genome size evolution analysis of Clinacanthus spp. and to determine polyploids for increased active compounds and biomass. replicate being performed on different days. In all the experiments, the fluorescence of at least 5000 nuclei to 10000 nuclei was measured. Conversion from picograms (pg) to base pair numbers was done as follows: 1 pg DNA is equivalent to 0.978 × 10 9 bp (Dolezel et al., 2007). The results were analysed using one way analysis of variance (ANOVA) using SPSS version 25. For significant effect, Tukey’s pairwise comparison was carried out with p value ≤ 0.05..","PeriodicalId":16387,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Medicinal Plants Research","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-12-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48360274","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Infertility resulting from sperm dysfunction is a serious health problem leading to psychological, economic, and medical implications worldwide. Borassus aethiopum is a plant that has been used as an aphrodisiac. This study evaluated the effect of hydromethanol hypocotyls extracts of B. aethiopum on the sperm and gonadal indices of male Wistar rats. The extract was prepared and administered orally at doses of (250, 500 and 1000 mg/kg) to 40 male Wistar rats, divided into four groups; three experimental groups and one control group (distilled water). Sperm parameters (count, motility, viability and morphology) and gonadal indices were determined. Testicular tissues were examined histologically for evidence of morphological changes. The extract increased significantly sperm count in a dosedependent manner across all treatment groups (p<0.05). Sperm viability was significantly increased in the treatment group after 7 days but was unaffected after 28 days of treatment. The histological examination of the testicular tissue showed evidence of increased spermatogenesis. Photomicrograph of the testes showed spermatogonia at different stages of maturation. Some areas of focal necrosis and evidence of spermatogenic arrest in the segment biopsied at the highest dose (1000 mg/kg) after 28 days of extract administration were observed. The results of this study suggest that the extract increases sperm count, motility and spermatogenesis at the doses tested and is likely to be beneficial in the management of male infertility.
{"title":"Effects of hydromethanol hypocotyls extract of Borassus aethiopum on sperm and gonadal indices of male Wistar rats","authors":"A. Mansur, B. Adamu, H. Abdullahi","doi":"10.5897/jmpr2021.7172","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5897/jmpr2021.7172","url":null,"abstract":"Infertility resulting from sperm dysfunction is a serious health problem leading to psychological, economic, and medical implications worldwide. Borassus aethiopum is a plant that has been used as an aphrodisiac. This study evaluated the effect of hydromethanol hypocotyls extracts of B. aethiopum on the sperm and gonadal indices of male Wistar rats. The extract was prepared and administered orally at doses of (250, 500 and 1000 mg/kg) to 40 male Wistar rats, divided into four groups; three experimental groups and one control group (distilled water). Sperm parameters (count, motility, viability and morphology) and gonadal indices were determined. Testicular tissues were examined histologically for evidence of morphological changes. The extract increased significantly sperm count in a dosedependent manner across all treatment groups (p<0.05). Sperm viability was significantly increased in the treatment group after 7 days but was unaffected after 28 days of treatment. The histological examination of the testicular tissue showed evidence of increased spermatogenesis. Photomicrograph of the testes showed spermatogonia at different stages of maturation. Some areas of focal necrosis and evidence of spermatogenic arrest in the segment biopsied at the highest dose (1000 mg/kg) after 28 days of extract administration were observed. The results of this study suggest that the extract increases sperm count, motility and spermatogenesis at the doses tested and is likely to be beneficial in the management of male infertility.","PeriodicalId":16387,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Medicinal Plants Research","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-11-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"43208199","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Youl Ollo, Yougbare Sibidou, L. Palpouguini, Y. Boubacar, M. Christian, T. Halidou, H. Adama, Traore Maminata
Infectious diseases, including skin infections, have always been treated by plants and other natural products since ancient times. This study investigated the antimicrobial activity of nine medicinal plant species from Gonsé Forest and Bangreweogo Park, Burkina Faso on seven microbial strains involved in skin infections. Sixty-eight organic and aqueous extracts from leaves, stem and root barks of the nine plants were tested on five bacterial and two fungal American Type Culture Collection (ATCC) strains using the disk diffusion and microdilution methods. Twenty-eight extracts (41.17%) from eight of the plants differently inhibited bacteria and fungi, the exception being Wissadula amplissima specie. Gram-positive Cocci (GPC) were the most sensitive to the extracts. Eleven extracts had a Minimum Inhibitory Concentration (MIC) lower than 1 mg/ml (MIC < 1 mg/ml). The extracts of Opilia celtidifolia gave the largest zones of inhibition ranging from 21.67 to 24.33 mm at 100 to 300 mg/ml on GPC and Candida albicans. Its MIC varied from 0.03 to 0.06 mg/ml on Streptococcus pyogenes, and from 0.07 to 0.24 mg/ml on Streptococcus agalactiae. Ethanolic extracts (80 and 96%) of Lawsonia inermis had MIC ranging from 0.29 to 9.37 mg/ml on the sensitive strains. The variable inhibitory activity displayed by the plants confirmed in part their traditional use in the treatment of some bacterial and fungal skin infections.
{"title":"Preliminary screening of the antimicrobial activity of nine medicinal plant species from Burkina Faso","authors":"Youl Ollo, Yougbare Sibidou, L. Palpouguini, Y. Boubacar, M. Christian, T. Halidou, H. Adama, Traore Maminata","doi":"10.5897/jmpr2021.7106","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5897/jmpr2021.7106","url":null,"abstract":"Infectious diseases, including skin infections, have always been treated by plants and other natural products since ancient times. This study investigated the antimicrobial activity of nine medicinal plant species from Gonsé Forest and Bangreweogo Park, Burkina Faso on seven microbial strains involved in skin infections. Sixty-eight organic and aqueous extracts from leaves, stem and root barks of the nine plants were tested on five bacterial and two fungal American Type Culture Collection (ATCC) strains using the disk diffusion and microdilution methods. Twenty-eight extracts (41.17%) from eight of the plants differently inhibited bacteria and fungi, the exception being Wissadula amplissima specie. Gram-positive Cocci (GPC) were the most sensitive to the extracts. Eleven extracts had a Minimum Inhibitory Concentration (MIC) lower than 1 mg/ml (MIC < 1 mg/ml). The extracts of Opilia celtidifolia gave the largest zones of inhibition ranging from 21.67 to 24.33 mm at 100 to 300 mg/ml on GPC and Candida albicans. Its MIC varied from 0.03 to 0.06 mg/ml on Streptococcus pyogenes, and from 0.07 to 0.24 mg/ml on Streptococcus agalactiae. Ethanolic extracts (80 and 96%) of Lawsonia inermis had MIC ranging from 0.29 to 9.37 mg/ml on the sensitive strains. The variable inhibitory activity displayed by the plants confirmed in part their traditional use in the treatment of some bacterial and fungal skin infections.","PeriodicalId":16387,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Medicinal Plants Research","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-11-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48314134","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Gabriela Pérez Flores, Jose David Torres Tirado, Ramiro Martínez Acosta, Jorge Alejandro Chavez Aguirre, M. Pescador, M. C. Flores, Ashley Stephanie Herrera Godina, E. Guzmán
Cardiac ischemia includes severe damage to heart muscle tissue due to decreased or cessation of blood flow, which involves failure to supply nutrients and oxygenation to heart cells. Causes can include blockages due to fat and cholesterol deposits. These damages include cell apoptosis, calcium and sodium concentration imbalance, loss of contraction force, and formation of reactive oxygen species. In the present work, oregano extracts administered to Wistar rats were tested. After 15 days of treatment, the hearts were extracted and the pharmacological response was evaluated in Langendorff isolated perfused heart assay. Left ventricular contractility and perfusion pressure were evaluated before and after inducing an ischemia-reperfusion event by administering three different drugs to stimulate said response. The results, expressed as a percentage of loss of cardiac functionality, suggest a protective effect against cardiac damage in those hearts treated with the extracts after each event. Key words: Wistar rats, cardiac ischemia, Langendorff, oregano extracts.
{"title":"Protective effect of commercial extracts of oregano (Lippia graveolens) against cardiac ischemia-reperfusion damage","authors":"Gabriela Pérez Flores, Jose David Torres Tirado, Ramiro Martínez Acosta, Jorge Alejandro Chavez Aguirre, M. Pescador, M. C. Flores, Ashley Stephanie Herrera Godina, E. Guzmán","doi":"10.5897/JMPR2021.7110","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5897/JMPR2021.7110","url":null,"abstract":"Cardiac ischemia includes severe damage to heart muscle tissue due to decreased or cessation of blood flow, which involves failure to supply nutrients and oxygenation to heart cells. Causes can include blockages due to fat and cholesterol deposits. These damages include cell apoptosis, calcium and sodium concentration imbalance, loss of contraction force, and formation of reactive oxygen species. In the present work, oregano extracts administered to Wistar rats were tested. After 15 days of treatment, the hearts were extracted and the pharmacological response was evaluated in Langendorff isolated perfused heart assay. Left ventricular contractility and perfusion pressure were evaluated before and after inducing an ischemia-reperfusion event by administering three different drugs to stimulate said response. The results, expressed as a percentage of loss of cardiac functionality, suggest a protective effect against cardiac damage in those hearts treated with the extracts after each event. \u0000 \u0000 Key words: Wistar rats, cardiac ischemia, Langendorff, oregano extracts.","PeriodicalId":16387,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Medicinal Plants Research","volume":"5 1","pages":"461-465"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-10-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"46147613","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Kelechi Nkechinyere Akinyele, B. Emma-Okon, Adeniyi Oluwadare Fajobi, A. Morakinyo, O. Oyedapo
This study investigated the anti-hyperglycemic and antioxidant activities of methanol extract of Dioscorea bulbifera with a view to studying the possibility of utilizing the yam in the management of hyperglycemia. Methanol extracts of the peels (MEPL), fresh (MEFL), and the whole tuber (MEWT) were prepared, phytochemically screened and assayed for α-amylase. Hyperglycemia was induced in rats using intraperitoneal injections of streptozotocin (40 mg/kg bwt) for five days, followed by administration of various doses of extract. Fasting blood sugar, alpha amylase, total protein, lipid profiles, creatinine, albumin, alanine aminotransferase (ALT) and aspartate aminotransferase (AST) were measured in plasma of test rats. The extracts were found to contain alkaloids, cardiac glycosides, carbohydrate, flavonoids, protein, saponins, tannins, triterpenoids and vitamin C and E. Preliminary assessment revealed that the whole tuber (MEWT) contained the highest levels of these phytochemicals and exhibited highest α-amylase inhibitory potential (47.54%, IC50 169.83 ± 18.64 μg/ml). Also, the extract possessed potent and concentration-dependent radical scavenging activities, comparable to that of the standard (Vitamin C). The extract also inhibited alpha amylase activity and caused significant improvement in elevated lipid profile and creatinine, comparable with that brought about by the standard drug Metformin. Histological examination of pancreatic section showed improved arrangement of islets of Langerhans in exocrine tissues of hyperglycemic groups treated with the extract when compared with hyperglycemic control. These results suggest that methanol extract of whole tubers possesses potent significant anti-hyperglycemic activity and that whole yam (without peeling) is appropriate for use in the management of hyperglycemia disorders. Key words: Dioscorea bulbifera, methanol extract, Streptozotozin, hyperglycemia, diabetes mellitus, antioxidants, lipid profile.
{"title":"Studies of the anti-hyperglycemic and antioxidant activities of the extract of aerial yam (Dioscorea bulbifera)","authors":"Kelechi Nkechinyere Akinyele, B. Emma-Okon, Adeniyi Oluwadare Fajobi, A. Morakinyo, O. Oyedapo","doi":"10.5897/JMPR2021.7167","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5897/JMPR2021.7167","url":null,"abstract":"This study investigated the anti-hyperglycemic and antioxidant activities of methanol extract of Dioscorea bulbifera with a view to studying the possibility of utilizing the yam in the management of hyperglycemia. Methanol extracts of the peels (MEPL), fresh (MEFL), and the whole tuber (MEWT) were prepared, phytochemically screened and assayed for α-amylase. Hyperglycemia was induced in rats using intraperitoneal injections of streptozotocin (40 mg/kg bwt) for five days, followed by administration of various doses of extract. Fasting blood sugar, alpha amylase, total protein, lipid profiles, creatinine, albumin, alanine aminotransferase (ALT) and aspartate aminotransferase (AST) were measured in plasma of test rats. The extracts were found to contain alkaloids, cardiac glycosides, carbohydrate, flavonoids, protein, saponins, tannins, triterpenoids and vitamin C and E. Preliminary assessment revealed that the whole tuber (MEWT) contained the highest levels of these phytochemicals and exhibited highest α-amylase inhibitory potential (47.54%, IC50 169.83 ± 18.64 μg/ml). Also, the extract possessed potent and concentration-dependent radical scavenging activities, comparable to that of the standard (Vitamin C). The extract also inhibited alpha amylase activity and caused significant improvement in elevated lipid profile and creatinine, comparable with that brought about by the standard drug Metformin. Histological examination of pancreatic section showed improved arrangement of islets of Langerhans in exocrine tissues of hyperglycemic groups treated with the extract when compared with hyperglycemic control. These results suggest that methanol extract of whole tubers possesses potent significant anti-hyperglycemic activity and that whole yam (without peeling) is appropriate for use in the management of hyperglycemia disorders. \u0000 \u0000 Key words: Dioscorea bulbifera, methanol extract, Streptozotozin, hyperglycemia, diabetes mellitus, antioxidants, lipid profile.","PeriodicalId":16387,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Medicinal Plants Research","volume":"5 1","pages":"503-514"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-10-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"46349691","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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