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Optimized protocol for collecting root canal biofilms for in vitro studies 为体外研究收集根管生物膜的优化方案。
IF 1.7 4区 生物学 Q4 BIOCHEMICAL RESEARCH METHODS Pub Date : 2024-09-25 DOI: 10.1016/j.mimet.2024.107048
Rafael da Silva Goulart , Mariana Oliveira-Silva , Milton Faria-Junior , Yara Teresinha Correa Silva-Sousa , Carlos Eduardo Saraiva Miranda , André Pitondo-Silva
Endodontic retreatment is often necessitated by several factors, including the persistence of microorganisms in the root canal system (RCS). Their complex organization in biofilms increases their pathogenic potential, necessitating new disinfection strategies. This study aimed to standardize a new in vitro protocol for collecting biofilm from the RCS. Thirty-four bovine incisors were used in the study, divided into two experimental groups with two collection steps each: (a) biofilm collection protocol and (b) absorbent paper points protocol. Twelve specimens from each group were selected for counting colony-forming units (CFUs), while eight specimens were prepared for scanning electron microscopy (SEM). Two additional specimens served as sterilization controls to ensure that experiments were free of contamination. The coronal region was removed and standardized at 15 mm. After preparation with ProTaper up to F5, the apical foramen was sealed with composite resin, and the roots were stabilized with acrylic resin in 1.5-mL Eppendorf tubes. The specimens were sterilized and inoculated with Enterococcus faecalis NTCT 775 every 24 h for 21 days. After this period, each group underwent biofilm collection protocols, and CFU and scanning electron microscopy (SEM) data were analyzed. The Shapiro–Wilk test was performed to assess the normality of log-transformed data, and the results indicated a normal distribution for all groups, allowing parametric testing. The Levene test was used to evaluate the equality of variances. The proposed biofilm collection method yielded significantly higher CFU counts compared with the absorbent paper points method, particularly when analyzed on a log₁₀ scale. An independent samples t-test confirmed a statistically significant difference between the two methods (p < 0.0001). The proposed protocol achieved an efficiency rate of 95.85 % ± 1.15 %, whereas the absorbent paper points protocol yielded a lower efficiency of 5.46 % ± 1.37 %. Therefore, the biofilm collection protocol proposed in this study proved to be more effective for biofilm removal from the RCS.
牙髓再治疗通常是由多种因素造成的,其中包括根管系统(RCS)中微生物的持续存在。它们在生物膜中的复杂组织结构增加了致病的可能性,因此需要新的消毒策略。本研究旨在规范从根管系统收集生物膜的体外新方案。研究使用了 34 颗牛门牙,分为两个实验组,每组有两个收集步骤:(a)生物膜收集方案和(b)吸水纸点方案。每组选取 12 个标本进行菌落形成单位(CFU)计数,同时准备 8 个标本进行扫描电子显微镜(SEM)检查。另外两个标本作为消毒对照,以确保实验不受污染。冠状区被移除并标准化为 15 毫米。用 ProTaper 制备至 F5 后,用复合树脂封住根尖孔,用 1.5 毫升 Eppendorf 管中的丙烯酸树脂稳定牙根。标本经过消毒后接种粪肠球菌 NTCT 775,每 24 小时接种一次,持续 21 天。之后,每组进行生物膜收集,并分析 CFU 和扫描电子显微镜(SEM)数据。采用 Shapiro-Wilk 检验评估对数变换数据的正态性,结果表明所有组均呈正态分布,可进行参数检验。Levene 检验用于评估方差齐性。与吸水纸点法相比,拟议的生物膜收集方法产生的 CFU 数明显更高,尤其是在对数₁₀ 标度上进行分析时。独立样本 t 检验证实,两种方法之间存在显著的统计学差异(p
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引用次数: 0
A comparative study of a rapid phenotypic antimicrobial susceptibility testing system directly from positive blood cultures to the disk diffusion and VITEK 2 methods 直接从阳性血液培养物进行表型抗菌药物敏感性快速检测系统与磁盘扩散法和 VITEK 2 方法的比较研究。
IF 1.7 4区 生物学 Q4 BIOCHEMICAL RESEARCH METHODS Pub Date : 2024-09-18 DOI: 10.1016/j.mimet.2024.107046
Merav Strauss, Shereen Affan Suleiman, Najwa Lauz, Bela Reznik-Gitlitz, Dana Sagas, Raul Colodner

Background

Sepsis is a life-threatening condition that impacts 49 million people annually and causes 11 million deaths worldwide. Surviving bloodstream infections (BSIs) depends on the rapid administration of effective antimicrobial treatment, underscoring a need for rapid antimicrobial susceptibility testing (AST).

Aim

To evaluate the performance of Quantamatrix's dRAST v2.5 system (Seoul, South Korea) for AST directly from positive blood cultures as compared to the Disk-Diffusion (DD) and VITEK 2 methods.

Methods

The study included 191 positive blood cultures from clinical samples and spiked blood culture bottles. Following Gram staining and species-level identification, AST was performed by VITEK 2 and standard DD methods using CLSI (2021) interpretation.

Results

dRAST demonstrated very good AST performance for a Gram-negative isolate, and good performance for Gram-positive isolates, meeting CLSI criteria for the acceptance of a new method. Antimicrobials that were not considered verified compared to VITEK 2 and DD were cefazolin, ceftazidime, meropenem, and trimethoprim/sulfamethoxazole for Gram-negatives and clindamycin, erythromycin, penicillin, and oxacillin for Gram-positives. dRAST ESBL detection results were strongly correlated with the ESBL phenotypes obtained with other methods. Additional resistance mechanisms were in concordance with traditional tests.

Conclusions

dRAST demonstrated good AST performance, meeting CLSI criteria for most relevant antibiotics. dRAST was associated with a significant reduction in time-to-results, labor, and the subjectivity of result analyses, making it a valuable addition to efforts supporting the treatment of patients with bacteremia.
AST (antimicrobial susceptibility test), blood culture, dRAST, rapid methods, sepsis, turnaround time (TAT).
背景:败血症是一种危及生命的疾病,每年影响全球 4,900 万人,并导致 1,100 万人死亡。目的:评估 Quantamatrix 的 dRAST v2.5 系统(韩国首尔)与磁盘扩散 (DD) 和 VITEK 2 方法相比,直接从阳性血培养物中检测抗菌药物敏感性的性能:研究包括 191 份来自临床样本和加标血培养瓶的阳性血培养物。结果:dRAST 对革兰氏阴性分离物的 AST 性能非常好,对革兰氏阳性分离物的 AST 性能也很好,符合 CLSI 的新方法验收标准。与 VITEK 2 和 DD 相比,未被认为经过验证的抗菌药物有:针对革兰氏阴性菌的头孢唑啉、头孢他啶、美罗培南和三甲双胍/磺胺甲噁唑,以及针对革兰氏阳性菌的克林霉素、红霉素、青霉素和氧青霉素。结论:dRAST 显示出良好的 AST 性能,符合 CLSI 关于大多数相关抗生素的标准。dRAST 显著缩短了检测时间,减少了人力,降低了结果分析的主观性,使其成为支持菌血症患者治疗工作的重要补充。AST(抗菌药物药敏试验)、血液培养、dRAST、快速方法、败血症、周转时间(TAT)。
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引用次数: 0
“Curing of common plasmids in gram-negative bacteria using a Cas9-based conjugative vector” "利用基于 Cas9 的共轭载体固化革兰氏阴性菌中的常见质粒"。
IF 1.7 4区 生物学 Q4 BIOCHEMICAL RESEARCH METHODS Pub Date : 2024-09-18 DOI: 10.1016/j.mimet.2024.107047
Kelly K. Yen , Austin J. Terlecky , Mingju Hao , Vanessa Cienfuegos , Albert Rojtman , Liang Chen , Barry N. Kreiswirth
We report the creation of 17 Escherichia coli strains harboring the conjugative plasmid pLCasCureT with a CRISPR-Cas9 system to surgically “cure” the most common plasmids among Enterobacterales species. This approach can create isogenic pairs of strains to study host-plasmid interactions, correlate plasmid genotype and phenotype, and create plasmid-free cloning strains.
我们报告了利用 CRISPR-Cas9 系统创建的 17 个携带共轭质粒 pLCasCureT 的大肠杆菌菌株,通过手术 "治愈 "了肠杆菌属物种中最常见的质粒。这种方法可以创建同源菌株对,用于研究宿主与质粒的相互作用、质粒基因型与表型的相关性,以及创建无质粒克隆菌株。
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引用次数: 0
A simple culture medium for phenotypic characterization and long-term storage of medically relevant fusarioid fungi 一种用于表型鉴定和长期储存医学相关真菌的简单培养基。
IF 1.7 4区 生物学 Q4 BIOCHEMICAL RESEARCH METHODS Pub Date : 2024-09-13 DOI: 10.1016/j.mimet.2024.107042
Ruan Campos Monteiro , Maria Cecília Zorat Yu , Somayeh Dolatabadi , Rossana de Aguiar Cordeiro , Edlâny Pinho Romão Milanez , Sarah Santos Gonçalves , Zoilo Pires de Camargo , Ana Luisa Höfling-Lima , Anderson Messias Rodrigues
Fusarioid fungi, particularly Neocosmospora solani and Fusarium oxysporum, are emerging as significant human pathogens, causing infections ranging from localized mycoses to life-threatening systemic diseases. Accurate identification and preservation of these fungi in clinical laboratories remain challenging because of their diverse morphologies and specific growth requirements. This study evaluated a novel milk-honey and malt agar (MHM) against conventional media for cultivating and preserving 60 clinical fusarioid isolates, including Neocosmospora spp. (n = 47), Bisifusarium spp. (n = 5), and Fusarium spp. (n = 8). Compared with Sabouraud dextrose 2 % agar (SDA) and malt extract agar (ME2), MHM significantly increased conidia production (p < 0.0001, mean = 3.4 × 103, standard deviation (SD) = ±1.3 × 103), with results similar to those of carnation leaf agar (CLA). MHM facilitated superior preservation of fusarioid viability for up to one year at room temperature on slant cultures and over two years on swabs in Amies gel with charcoal, outperforming current methods such as Castellani (water) or cryopreservation. Morphological characterization of fusarioid fungi grown on MHM revealed distinct growth patterns and conidial structures for Neocosmospora, Bisifusarium, and Fusarium species, aiding in identifying these genera. The superior performance of MHM in stimulating conidiation, maintaining viability, and preserving morphology underscore its potential as a reference medium for medically relevant fusarioid fungi, with broad implications for clinical mycology laboratories and resource-limited settings.
镰刀菌类真菌,尤其是新孢子菌(Neocosmospora solani)和氧孢子菌(Fusarium oxysporum),正在成为重要的人类病原体,可引起从局部真菌病到危及生命的全身性疾病等各种感染。由于这些真菌形态各异,对生长有特殊要求,因此在临床实验室中准确识别和保存这些真菌仍具有挑战性。本研究评估了新型牛奶蜂蜜麦芽琼脂(MHM)与传统培养基在培养和保存 60 株临床镰刀菌分离物方面的差异,包括新孢子菌属(n = 47)、双孢子菌属(n = 5)和镰刀菌属(n = 8)。与 Sabouraud dextrose 2 % 琼脂(SDA)和麦芽提取物琼脂(ME2)相比,MHM 显著提高了分生孢子的产量(p 3,标准偏差(SD)= ±1.3 × 103),其结果与康乃馨叶琼脂(CLA)相似。在室温下,MHM 可使斜面培养物上的镰刀菌存活率保存长达一年,在含木炭的 Amies 凝胶中的拭子上保存两年以上,优于卡斯特拉尼(水)或低温保存等现有方法。在 MHM 上生长的真菌的形态特征显示了新孢子菌属、双孢子菌属和镰刀菌属的独特生长模式和分生孢子结构,有助于确定这些菌属。MHM 在刺激分生、保持活力和保存形态方面的优越性能凸显了它作为医学相关真菌参考培养基的潜力,对临床真菌学实验室和资源有限的环境具有广泛的意义。
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引用次数: 0
Immunofluorescence detection of Ecytonucleospora hepatopenaei (EHP) in Penaeus vannamei 免疫荧光检测万年青中的肝包虫(EHP)
IF 1.7 4区 生物学 Q4 BIOCHEMICAL RESEARCH METHODS Pub Date : 2024-09-12 DOI: 10.1016/j.mimet.2024.107039
Sungman Cho , Deborah A. Schaefer , Hung N. Mai , Michael W. Riggs , Arun K. Dhar

Hepatopancreatic microsporidiosis (HPM), caused by the microsporidium Ecytonucleospora hepatopenaei (EHP) leads to retarded growth and enhanced susceptibility to other diseases in shrimp resulting in a major loss for the shrimp industry worldwide. It is little understood how EHP infects its host and hijacks its cellular machinery to replicate and exert clinical manifestations in infected shrimp. Since the initial record of HPM, histopathology and polymerase chain reaction (PCR)-based assays were developed for the detection of EHP to prevent spread of the disease. Availability of an antibody-based detection method would complement these existing diagnostic tools and be useful in studying EHP pathogenesis. We describe here an immunofluorescence assay (IFA) for detecting EHP using monoclonal antibodies (mAbs) that were originally developed against Cryptosporidium parvum, a coccidian parasite that infects calves (Bos taurus), other agriculturally important animals, and humans. Forty-one mAbs were screened and two mAbs, 3E2 and 3A12, were found to detect EHP successfully. The utility of these mAbs in detecting EHP was further assessed by testing 36 experimentally challenged EHP-infected shrimp (Penaeus vannamei). EHP-detection data from infected shrimp were compared by Hematoxylin and Eosin (H&E) histology, real-time PCR, and immunofluorescence. The data show IFA using mAbs 3E2 and 3A12 could successfully detect EHP and that the sensitivity of detection is comparable to H&E histology and quantitative PCR. Availability of mAbs that can detect EHP is expected to be immensely beneficial in HPM diagnosis. Since the pathobiology of C. parvum has been so widely studied, these cross-reactive mAbs may also aid in gaining some insight into EHP pathogenesis and disease.

由 Ecytonucleospora hepatopenaei(EHP)微孢子虫引起的肝胰腺微孢子虫病(HPM)会导致对虾生长迟缓,并增加对其他疾病的易感性,给全球对虾产业造成重大损失。人们对 EHP 如何感染宿主并劫持宿主的细胞机制进行复制并在受感染的对虾中产生临床表现知之甚少。自最初记录 HPM 以来,已开发出基于组织病理学和聚合酶链反应(PCR)的检测方法来检测 EHP,以防止疾病传播。抗体检测方法的出现将补充这些现有的诊断工具,并有助于研究 EHP 的致病机理。我们在此介绍一种使用单克隆抗体(mAbs)检测 EHP 的免疫荧光检测法(IFA),这种单克隆抗体最初是针对副猪隐孢子虫开发的,副猪隐孢子虫是一种球虫寄生虫,会感染小牛(金牛)、其他重要的农业动物和人类。对 41 种 mAbs 进行了筛选,发现 3E2 和 3A12 这两种 mAbs 能成功检测出 EHP。通过检测 36 只受到实验性 EHP 感染的对虾(Penaeus vannamei),进一步评估了这些 mAbs 检测 EHP 的实用性。通过血沉和伊红(H&E)组织学、实时 PCR 和免疫荧光对感染虾的 EHP 检测数据进行了比较。数据显示,使用 mAbs 3E2 和 3A12 的 IFA 能成功检测出 EHP,而且检测灵敏度与 H&E 组织学和定量 PCR 相当。可以检测 EHP 的 mAbs 的出现有望极大地促进 HPM 的诊断。由于对副猪嗜血杆菌病理生物学的研究非常广泛,这些交叉反应的 mAbs 也可能有助于深入了解 EHP 的发病机制和疾病。
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引用次数: 0
Optical detection and enumeration of Escherichia coli and Salmonella enterica using a low-magnification light microscope 使用低倍光学显微镜对大肠杆菌和肠炎沙门氏菌进行光学检测和计数
IF 1.7 4区 生物学 Q4 BIOCHEMICAL RESEARCH METHODS Pub Date : 2024-09-12 DOI: 10.1016/j.mimet.2024.107041
Yuzhen Zhang, Zili Gao, Lili He

A rapid and cost-effective method for detecting bacterial cells from surfaces is critical to food safety, clinical hygiene, and pharmacy quality. Herein, we established an optical detection method based on a gold chip coating with 3-mercaptophenylboronic acid (3-MPBA) to capture bacterial cells, which allows for the detection and quantification of bacterial cells with a standard light microscope under low-magnification (10×) objective lens. Then, integrate the developed optical detection method with swab sampling to detect bacterial cells loading on stainless-steel surfaces. Using Salmonella enterica (SE1045) and Escherichia coli (E. coli OP50) as model bacterial cells, we achieved a capture efficiency of up to 76.0 ± 2.0 % for SE1045 cells and 81.1 ± 3.3 % for E. coli OP50 cells at 103 CFU/mL upon the optimized conditions, which slightly decreased with the increasing bacterial concentrations. Our assay showed good linear relationships between the concentrations of bacterial cells with the cell counting in images in the range of 103 -107 CFU/mL for SE1045, and 103 -108 CFU/mL for E. coli OP50 cells. The limit of detection (LOD) was 103 CFU/mL for both SE1045 and E. coli OP50 cells. A further increase in sensitivity in detecting E. coli OP50 cells was achieved through a heat treatment, enabling the LOD to be reduced as low as 102 CFU/mL. Furthermore, a preliminary application succeeded in assessing bacterial contamination on stainless-steel surfaces following integration with the approximately 40 % recovery rate, suggesting prospects for evaluating the bacteria from surfaces. The entire process was completed within around 2 h, costing merely a few dollars per sample. Considering the low cost of standard light microscopes, our method holds significant potential for practical industrial applications in bacterial contamination control on surfaces, especially in low-resource settings.

一种快速、经济有效的表面细菌细胞检测方法对食品安全、临床卫生和制药质量至关重要。在此,我们建立了一种基于金芯片涂层的光学检测方法,用 3-巯基苯硼酸(3-MPBA)来捕获细菌细胞,从而可以在低倍(10 倍)物镜下用标准光学显微镜检测和定量细菌细胞。然后,将所开发的光学检测方法与拭子取样相结合,检测不锈钢表面上的细菌细胞。以肠炎沙门氏菌(SE1045)和大肠埃希氏菌(大肠杆菌 OP50)为模型细菌细胞,在优化条件下,103 CFU/mL 的 SE1045 细胞捕获效率高达 76.0 ± 2.0 %,大肠杆菌 OP50 细胞捕获效率高达 81.1 ± 3.3 %,随着细菌浓度的增加,捕获效率略有下降。我们的检测方法显示,细菌细胞浓度与图像中细胞计数之间具有良好的线性关系,SE1045 细胞的线性范围为 103 -107 CFU/mL,大肠杆菌 OP50 细胞的线性范围为 103 -108 CFU/mL。SE1045 和大肠杆菌 OP50 细胞的检测限 (LOD) 均为 103 CFU/mL。通过热处理,检测大肠杆菌 OP50 细胞的灵敏度进一步提高,使检测限降低到 102 CFU/mL。此外,一项初步应用成功地评估了不锈钢表面的细菌污染,其回收率约为 40%,为评估表面细菌污染提供了前景。整个过程大约在 2 小时内完成,每个样本的成本仅几美元。考虑到标准光学显微镜的低成本,我们的方法在表面细菌污染控制的实际工业应用中具有巨大的潜力,尤其是在资源匮乏的环境中。
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引用次数: 0
Evaluation of cobas® Liat® Cdiff, STANDARD™ M10 C. difficile and Xpert® C. difficile BT assays for rapid detection of toxigenic Clostridioides difficile 评估用于快速检测毒性艰难梭菌的 cobas® Liat® Cdiff、STANDARD™ M10 艰难梭菌和 Xpert® 艰难梭菌 BT 检测方法
IF 1.7 4区 生物学 Q4 BIOCHEMICAL RESEARCH METHODS Pub Date : 2024-09-12 DOI: 10.1016/j.mimet.2024.107043
Juulia Suominen , Suvi Korhonen , Heini Kutvonen , Hanna Jarva , Anu Pätäri-Sampo , Raisa Loginov

We evaluated the analytical performance of three commercial molecular assays for rapid detection of Clostridioides difficile toxin B in stool samples. The results were compared with results from the BD MAX™ Cdiff assay. We analyzed forty negative and thirty-two positive stool samples with three rapid assays: Roche cobas® Liat® Cdiff, SD Biosensor STANDARD™ M10 C. difficile and Cepheid Xpert® C. difficile BT. The assays demonstrated a sensitivity of 96.9 %, 96.9 % and 100.0 % and a specificity of 100 %, 97.5 % and 97.5 %, respectively. There is limited data available on the analytical performance of the newly introduced STANDARD™ M10 C. difficile assay. In this study, all three rapid assays demonstrated similarly high analytical performance and can be used for detection of toxigenic C. difficile.

我们对快速检测粪便样本中艰难梭菌毒素 B 的三种商用分子测定的分析性能进行了评估。结果与 BD MAX™ Cdiff 检测法的结果进行了比较。我们使用三种快速检测方法分析了 40 份阴性和 32 份阳性粪便样本:罗氏 cobas® Liat® Cdiff、SD Biosensor STANDARD™ M10 艰难梭菌和 Cepheid Xpert® 艰难梭菌 BT。这些检测方法的灵敏度分别为 96.9 %、96.9 % 和 100.0 %,特异性分别为 100 %、97.5 % 和 97.5 %。关于新推出的 STANDARD™ M10 艰难梭菌检测法的分析性能,目前可用的数据还很有限。在这项研究中,所有三种快速检测方法都表现出了类似的高分析性能,可用于检测致毒艰难梭菌。
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引用次数: 0
Use of a synthetic oligonucleotide to detect false positives caused by cross-contamination in nested PCR 使用合成寡核苷酸检测嵌套 PCR 中交叉污染导致的假阳性结果
IF 1.7 4区 生物学 Q4 BIOCHEMICAL RESEARCH METHODS Pub Date : 2024-09-11 DOI: 10.1016/j.mimet.2024.107040
Alexandre S. Maekawa , Luciene S. Santos , Paulo E.N.F. Velho , Marina R. Drummond

Nested PCR is a useful tool for identifying low-abundance target sequences of pathogens and avoiding false negatives. However, it carries an increased risk of cross-contamination, especially with its positive control. Here, we propose using customized synthetic oligonucleotides to detect false positives due to cross-contamination.

巢式 PCR 是鉴定病原体低丰度目标序列和避免假阴性的有效工具。然而,它也增加了交叉污染的风险,尤其是阳性对照。在此,我们建议使用定制的合成寡核苷酸来检测交叉污染导致的假阳性。
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引用次数: 0
Prediction strategy for screening functional Haloarchaea strains with qPCR assays 利用 qPCR 检测筛选功能性卤虫菌株的预测策略。
IF 1.7 4区 生物学 Q4 BIOCHEMICAL RESEARCH METHODS Pub Date : 2024-09-07 DOI: 10.1016/j.mimet.2024.107029
Xinyu Hu , Wenxiang Sun , Meng Zhang , Wenjun Guo , Shujing Yang , Lin Zhu , Xiang Xiao , Xiangru Xu , Wei Wei

As an extremophile resource, functional Haloarchaea strains are extremely time-consuming to screen. Here, taking the screening of low-salt-tolerant strains as an example, based on the qPCR assays that shortened time by 4–7 times and achieved 100 % accuracy, a universal strategy for rapid and accurate screening of functional Haloarchaea strains was established.

作为一种嗜极生物资源,功能性光古细菌菌株的筛选极为耗时。本文以筛选耐低盐菌株为例,基于缩短了4-7倍时间且准确率达到100%的qPCR检测方法,建立了快速准确筛选功能性光盐菌菌株的通用策略。
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引用次数: 0
Recovery of short-chain organic acids (SCOAs) obtained from anaerobic fermentation process 回收厌氧发酵过程中获得的短链有机酸 (SCOAs)。
IF 1.7 4区 生物学 Q4 BIOCHEMICAL RESEARCH METHODS Pub Date : 2024-09-06 DOI: 10.1016/j.mimet.2024.107031
M. Ghalibaf, N. Pap, M. Vainio, N. Honkala, S. Rasi

Short-chain organic acids (SCOAs) are the intermediates in the anaerobic fermentation process, and can be used in food, textile, and pharmaceutical industries to produce different end use products. SCOAs can be separated, purified, and concentrated by different processes, such as distillation, extraction or membrane-based systems. SCOAs production adds more profitable possibilities to an acidic fermentation process by integration these marketable acids as highly concentrated mixtures with other refinery processes. The present study investigated two approaches for recovering of SCOAs: i) the production of clarified SCOAs liquid by microfiltration (MF) and then performing their concentration by reverse osmosis (RO) and ii) the recovery and concentration by the so-called integrated neutralization and acidified reaction method. The results of MF showed that some SCOAs were retained in the retentate together with the solids. However, in the following RO treatment, SCOAs could be successfully concentrated with a yield retention of over 90 % from the SCOAs liquid. In the latter method, a color-free SCOAs liquid was obtained with an increase in the total SCOAs concentration from 23 g/L to 146 g/L.

短链有机酸(SCOAs)是厌氧发酵过程中的中间产物,可用于食品、纺织和制药行业,生产不同的最终产品。短链有机酸可通过蒸馏、萃取或基于膜的系统等不同工艺进行分离、纯化和浓缩。通过将这些适销对路的酸作为高浓度混合物与其他精炼工艺相结合,SCOAs 的生产为酸性发酵工艺增加了更多盈利的可能性。本研究调查了两种回收 SCOAs 的方法:i) 通过微过滤 (MF) 生产澄清的 SCOAs 液体,然后通过反渗透 (RO) 进行浓缩;ii) 通过所谓的综合中和与酸化反应方法进行回收和浓缩。微滤的结果表明,一些 SCOAs 与固体物质一起保留在回流液中。不过,在随后的反渗透处理中,SCOAs 可以成功浓缩,从 SCOAs 液体中保留的产量超过 90%。在后一种方法中,获得了无色的 SCOAs 液,SCOAs 总浓度从 23 克/升增加到 146 克/升。
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Journal of microbiological methods
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