M. Aramesh, Sahar Majidinezjad, Huda Ilkhanipak, M. Peyvasteh
Teratomas are rare neoplasms in the nasopharyngeal area. They are composed of all germ cell layers and tend to be benign in all sites. Teratomas can cause dysphagia and respiratory problems. Diagnosing them antenatally helps to be prepared for possible complications that may occur after birth. Rised maternal AFP levels and polyhydramnios are seen and prompt further evaluations. In this case we present a Nasopharyngeal teratoma in a baby girl which occluded the airway and leaded to intubation. She developed seizures during her admission and since the mass was near to the CNS, MRI and neurological evaluations were preformed prior to the surgery. The mass was removed surgically after controlling the seizures with anticonvulsive therapy and ruling out any possible connections between the mass and the CNS. She was extubated two days after the surgery and was discharged after being successfully orally fed. J Neurol Res. 2020;10(2):48-51 doi: https://doi.org/10.14740/jnr578
{"title":"Nasopharyngeal Teratoma in a Neonate","authors":"M. Aramesh, Sahar Majidinezjad, Huda Ilkhanipak, M. Peyvasteh","doi":"10.14740/jnr578","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.14740/jnr578","url":null,"abstract":"Teratomas are rare neoplasms in the nasopharyngeal area. They are composed of all germ cell layers and tend to be benign in all sites. Teratomas can cause dysphagia and respiratory problems. Diagnosing them antenatally helps to be prepared for possible complications that may occur after birth. Rised maternal AFP levels and polyhydramnios are seen and prompt further evaluations. In this case we present a Nasopharyngeal teratoma in a baby girl which occluded the airway and leaded to intubation. She developed seizures during her admission and since the mass was near to the CNS, MRI and neurological evaluations were preformed prior to the surgery. The mass was removed surgically after controlling the seizures with anticonvulsive therapy and ruling out any possible connections between the mass and the CNS. She was extubated two days after the surgery and was discharged after being successfully orally fed. J Neurol Res. 2020;10(2):48-51 doi: https://doi.org/10.14740/jnr578","PeriodicalId":16489,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Neurology Research","volume":"15 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-03-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"79257488","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Leonardo Jardim Vaz de Mello, A. Seifi, I. Perez, D. Godoy
Electroencephalography (EEG) remains an important complementary tool to diagnose neurologic diseases, including encephalitis. The objectives of this short review are to show the electroencephalographic findings in different types of encephalitis and to highlight the changing outlines during and after the specific treatment. In our study, we did a non-systematic review of literature on the role of EEG in infectious and autoimmune encephalitis. We concluded that EEG can be very useful in the diagnosis and follow-up of different types of encephalitis. Early changes during the illness can have an impact on prognosis. J Neurol Res. 2020;10(2):32-37 doi: https://doi.org/10.14740/jnr568
{"title":"Electroencephalography During the Acute Phase Of Encephalitis: A Brief Review","authors":"Leonardo Jardim Vaz de Mello, A. Seifi, I. Perez, D. Godoy","doi":"10.14740/jnr568","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.14740/jnr568","url":null,"abstract":"Electroencephalography (EEG) remains an important complementary tool to diagnose neurologic diseases, including encephalitis. The objectives of this short review are to show the electroencephalographic findings in different types of encephalitis and to highlight the changing outlines during and after the specific treatment. In our study, we did a non-systematic review of literature on the role of EEG in infectious and autoimmune encephalitis. We concluded that EEG can be very useful in the diagnosis and follow-up of different types of encephalitis. Early changes during the illness can have an impact on prognosis. J Neurol Res. 2020;10(2):32-37 doi: https://doi.org/10.14740/jnr568","PeriodicalId":16489,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Neurology Research","volume":"14 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-03-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"79696101","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Background: We aimed to investigate the possible association between the value of neutrophil to lymphocyte ratio ( NLR) and some specific features of migraine. Methods: We have included initially all the patients with migraine who applied to our neurology clinic in Yozgat City Hospital during December 2019 and agreed to participate in this study. The demographic and clinical characteristics including migraine subtype (episodic/chronic), headache frequency per month, headache characteristics of all patients were interrogated. Besides, the presence of fibromyalgia (FM) and chronic fatigue syndrome (CFS) was also noted. The severity of migraine was assessed using the headache impact test (HIT-6) and the severity of chronic fatigue was assessed using the Functional Assessment of Chronic Illness Therapy (FACIT) fatigue scale. A hemogram was performed upon admission to the clinic. The patients with migraine attacks during the clinic visits were excluded from the study. Results: Ultimately, 52 migraineurs were included in this study. The mean age was 37.34 ± 11.80 and the female/male (F/M) ratio was 49/3. Thirty-six patients (69%) were diagnosed with episodic migraine (EM), and 16 of them (31%) were diagnosed with chronic migraine (CM). The results of the comparative analyses between EM and CM groups showed that the NLR did not differ between groups. To evaluate the possible association of the NLR with other clinical parameters, additional comparative analyses evaluating the presence of FM, CFS, cognitive symptoms and tinnitus were also conducted, which showed no significant differences. The results of the correlation analyses to evaluate the possible associations between the NLR value and other clinical parameters were also unremarkable. Conclusions: We suggest that the NLR cannot be a specific marker to be used in the differential diagnosis or prediction of any features of migraines during the interictal period. However, in light of the previous reports, the utility of this value in the differentiating of migraine attacks from other causes of headache attacks can be investigated in future related studies. J Neurol Res. 2020;10(2):38-43 doi: https://doi.org/10.14740/jnr574
{"title":"May Neutrophil to Lymphocyte Ratio Serve a Role in the Prediction of Clinical Features of Migraine","authors":"H. Onder, Muhammed Mustafa Deliktas","doi":"10.14740/JNR.V0I0.574","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.14740/JNR.V0I0.574","url":null,"abstract":"Background: We aimed to investigate the possible association between the value of neutrophil to lymphocyte ratio ( NLR) and some specific features of migraine. Methods: We have included initially all the patients with migraine who applied to our neurology clinic in Yozgat City Hospital during December 2019 and agreed to participate in this study. The demographic and clinical characteristics including migraine subtype (episodic/chronic), headache frequency per month, headache characteristics of all patients were interrogated. Besides, the presence of fibromyalgia (FM) and chronic fatigue syndrome (CFS) was also noted. The severity of migraine was assessed using the headache impact test (HIT-6) and the severity of chronic fatigue was assessed using the Functional Assessment of Chronic Illness Therapy (FACIT) fatigue scale. A hemogram was performed upon admission to the clinic. The patients with migraine attacks during the clinic visits were excluded from the study. Results: Ultimately, 52 migraineurs were included in this study. The mean age was 37.34 ± 11.80 and the female/male (F/M) ratio was 49/3. Thirty-six patients (69%) were diagnosed with episodic migraine (EM), and 16 of them (31%) were diagnosed with chronic migraine (CM). The results of the comparative analyses between EM and CM groups showed that the NLR did not differ between groups. To evaluate the possible association of the NLR with other clinical parameters, additional comparative analyses evaluating the presence of FM, CFS, cognitive symptoms and tinnitus were also conducted, which showed no significant differences. The results of the correlation analyses to evaluate the possible associations between the NLR value and other clinical parameters were also unremarkable. Conclusions: We suggest that the NLR cannot be a specific marker to be used in the differential diagnosis or prediction of any features of migraines during the interictal period. However, in light of the previous reports, the utility of this value in the differentiating of migraine attacks from other causes of headache attacks can be investigated in future related studies. J Neurol Res. 2020;10(2):38-43 doi: https://doi.org/10.14740/jnr574","PeriodicalId":16489,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Neurology Research","volume":"56 1","pages":"38-43"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-03-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"84270564","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Yi Bao, Yayong Ding, Ran An, Xiaodong Liu, Dianyuzi Xie, G. Liu
Chronic inflammatory demyelinating polyneuropathy (CIDP) with autoimmune hepatitis is rare in clinical practice. Here we present a case to describe the relevant clinical features and provide case data for the diagnosis and treatment of the disease. The diagnosis was supported by medical history, physical examination, laboratory and imaging examination, nerve conduction velocity and cerebrospinal fluid examination. The combined disease was identified by autoimmune antibodies and ultrasonography. Combined with the patient’s history of chronic progression, clinical manifestations of peripheral nerve damage, cerebrospinal fluid showing protein-cell separation and nerve conduction velocity showing decreased amplitude and conduction velocity, CIDP was confirmed. Combined with the patient’s examination result of abdominal bulging, color Doppler ultrasound examination showed cirrhosis, positive (+) anti-liver/kidney microsomal type 1 antibody (anti-LKM-1), considering combination of autoimmune hepatitis type II (AIH-II). The clinical symptoms of both were significantly improved by hormone therapy. CIDP is clinically uncommon in elderly male patients, and it is also rare to have AIH-II. But according to the typical pathogenesis, clinical manifestations, detailed physical examination, laboratory and imaging examination, and neuro-immunological data, clinical diagnosis can be made. Pathological data are needed to confirm the diagnosis. Both have poor natural prognosis. However, the use of hormone therapy according to its pathogenesis can effectively alleviate clinical symptoms and prevent progression. J Neurol Res. 2020;10(1):25-29 doi: https://doi.org/10.14740/jnr542
{"title":"Clinical Features of Chronic Inflammatory Demyelinating Polyneuropathy With Autoimmune Hepatitis","authors":"Yi Bao, Yayong Ding, Ran An, Xiaodong Liu, Dianyuzi Xie, G. Liu","doi":"10.14740/jnr542","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.14740/jnr542","url":null,"abstract":"Chronic inflammatory demyelinating polyneuropathy (CIDP) with autoimmune hepatitis is rare in clinical practice. Here we present a case to describe the relevant clinical features and provide case data for the diagnosis and treatment of the disease. The diagnosis was supported by medical history, physical examination, laboratory and imaging examination, nerve conduction velocity and cerebrospinal fluid examination. The combined disease was identified by autoimmune antibodies and ultrasonography. Combined with the patient’s history of chronic progression, clinical manifestations of peripheral nerve damage, cerebrospinal fluid showing protein-cell separation and nerve conduction velocity showing decreased amplitude and conduction velocity, CIDP was confirmed. Combined with the patient’s examination result of abdominal bulging, color Doppler ultrasound examination showed cirrhosis, positive (+) anti-liver/kidney microsomal type 1 antibody (anti-LKM-1), considering combination of autoimmune hepatitis type II (AIH-II). The clinical symptoms of both were significantly improved by hormone therapy. CIDP is clinically uncommon in elderly male patients, and it is also rare to have AIH-II. But according to the typical pathogenesis, clinical manifestations, detailed physical examination, laboratory and imaging examination, and neuro-immunological data, clinical diagnosis can be made. Pathological data are needed to confirm the diagnosis. Both have poor natural prognosis. However, the use of hormone therapy according to its pathogenesis can effectively alleviate clinical symptoms and prevent progression. J Neurol Res. 2020;10(1):25-29 doi: https://doi.org/10.14740/jnr542","PeriodicalId":16489,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Neurology Research","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-02-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"87388958","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Background: Up to date, a substantial amount of research has remarked on the potential role of parathormone (PTH) in the development of subclinical and clinical vascular diseases. However, the association between the hyperparathyroidism and cerebrovascular disease has rather been underestimated in the literature. Herein, we aimed to investigate the association between serum PTH levels and ischemic stroke. Methods: Serum PTH levels were measured in all patients with ischemic stroke who were hospitalized in the Yozgat City Hospital between January 1, 2017 and January 1, 2019. Clinical and demographic findings were retrospectively evaluated via computer-based patient record system of Yozgat City Hospital (AKGUN). Results: Overall, 158 patients with ischemic stroke with a median age of 71.5 ± 11.5 were enrolled in this study. Parathyroid hormone was found to be high in 31 of the patients (19.6%). The stroke subtype of extracranial atherosclerosis was found to be more common in the group of patients with a high level of PTH (12%/3%; P = 0.008). Remarkably, logistic regression analyses also confirmed that high PTH level was a significant variable in the determination of the stroke subtype of extracranial atherosclerosis (P = 0.024). Conclusions: We have found a high rate of hyperparathyroidism in our group of patients with ischemic stroke. Remarkably, the elevation of PTH was found to be significantly associated with the ischemic stroke subtype of extracranial atherosclerosis. Clarification of these results in the future large-scale studies may provide crucial perspectives regarding our understanding of the pathophysiology of some subtypes of ischemic stroke and potentially lead to a large public health implication in this area. J Neurol Res. 2020;10(1):7-12 doi: https://doi.org/10.14740/jnr564
{"title":"The Association Between Hyperparathyroidism and Ischemic Stroke Subtypes","authors":"H. Onder, Guven Arslan","doi":"10.14740/jnr564","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.14740/jnr564","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Up to date, a substantial amount of research has remarked on the potential role of parathormone (PTH) in the development of subclinical and clinical vascular diseases. However, the association between the hyperparathyroidism and cerebrovascular disease has rather been underestimated in the literature. Herein, we aimed to investigate the association between serum PTH levels and ischemic stroke. Methods: Serum PTH levels were measured in all patients with ischemic stroke who were hospitalized in the Yozgat City Hospital between January 1, 2017 and January 1, 2019. Clinical and demographic findings were retrospectively evaluated via computer-based patient record system of Yozgat City Hospital (AKGUN). Results: Overall, 158 patients with ischemic stroke with a median age of 71.5 ± 11.5 were enrolled in this study. Parathyroid hormone was found to be high in 31 of the patients (19.6%). The stroke subtype of extracranial atherosclerosis was found to be more common in the group of patients with a high level of PTH (12%/3%; P = 0.008). Remarkably, logistic regression analyses also confirmed that high PTH level was a significant variable in the determination of the stroke subtype of extracranial atherosclerosis (P = 0.024). Conclusions: We have found a high rate of hyperparathyroidism in our group of patients with ischemic stroke. Remarkably, the elevation of PTH was found to be significantly associated with the ischemic stroke subtype of extracranial atherosclerosis. Clarification of these results in the future large-scale studies may provide crucial perspectives regarding our understanding of the pathophysiology of some subtypes of ischemic stroke and potentially lead to a large public health implication in this area. J Neurol Res. 2020;10(1):7-12 doi: https://doi.org/10.14740/jnr564","PeriodicalId":16489,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Neurology Research","volume":"6 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-02-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"84287790","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
R. Bokhari, Mohammed Bafaqeeh, Saad Al-Obaysi, Areej Al-Aman, W. Alshakweer
Atypical teratoid/rhabdoid tumors (AT/RTs) are rare and aggressive pediatric malignant rhabdoid tumors (MRTs) that occur within the brain. The majority of these tumors occur in the cerebellum. Only 45 cases of adults with AT/RTs have been reported in the literature to date. We present a case of sellar and suprasellar AT/RT in a 40-year-old female patient with this rare entity. To our knowledge, this is the 14th case of an adult-onset AT/RT in the sellar and suprasellar region. J Neurol Res. 2020;10(1):13-16 doi: https://doi.org/10.14740/jnr556
{"title":"Atypical Teratoid/Rhabdoid Tumor of the Sellar Region: A Case Report and Review of the Literature","authors":"R. Bokhari, Mohammed Bafaqeeh, Saad Al-Obaysi, Areej Al-Aman, W. Alshakweer","doi":"10.14740/jnr556","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.14740/jnr556","url":null,"abstract":"Atypical teratoid/rhabdoid tumors (AT/RTs) are rare and aggressive pediatric malignant rhabdoid tumors (MRTs) that occur within the brain. The majority of these tumors occur in the cerebellum. Only 45 cases of adults with AT/RTs have been reported in the literature to date. We present a case of sellar and suprasellar AT/RT in a 40-year-old female patient with this rare entity. To our knowledge, this is the 14th case of an adult-onset AT/RT in the sellar and suprasellar region. J Neurol Res. 2020;10(1):13-16 doi: https://doi.org/10.14740/jnr556","PeriodicalId":16489,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Neurology Research","volume":"2 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-02-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"84208781","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
In this report, I present a rare patient of Wernicke encephalopathy (WE) with a callosal lesion on magnetic resonance imaging at whom a dramatic clinical recovery was achieved by parenteral thiamine therapy. Based on the presentation of this patient, first, I suggest that the awareness of WE among clinicians should be further increased. Second, I re-emphasize the importance of initiation of parenteral thiamine treatments in clinical suspicion of WE which may provide dramatic responses even in patients with atypical lesion sites as in our patient. Future reports including outcomes of a larger number of cases with distinct neuroimaging signs may provide a better understanding of the real clinical burden of the disease as well as unknown aspects of WE. J Neurol Res. 2020;10(1):17-19 doi: https://doi.org/10.14740/jnr559
{"title":"Dramatic Recovery of a Patient With Wernicke Encephalopathy Presenting With the Lesion of the Corpus Callosum","authors":"H. Onder","doi":"10.14740/jnr559","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.14740/jnr559","url":null,"abstract":"In this report, I present a rare patient of Wernicke encephalopathy (WE) with a callosal lesion on magnetic resonance imaging at whom a dramatic clinical recovery was achieved by parenteral thiamine therapy. Based on the presentation of this patient, first, I suggest that the awareness of WE among clinicians should be further increased. Second, I re-emphasize the importance of initiation of parenteral thiamine treatments in clinical suspicion of WE which may provide dramatic responses even in patients with atypical lesion sites as in our patient. Future reports including outcomes of a larger number of cases with distinct neuroimaging signs may provide a better understanding of the real clinical burden of the disease as well as unknown aspects of WE. J Neurol Res. 2020;10(1):17-19 doi: https://doi.org/10.14740/jnr559","PeriodicalId":16489,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Neurology Research","volume":"122 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-02-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"79457168","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Dihydroergotamine (DHE), in the setting of polypharmacy, may increase the possibility of reversible cerebral vasoconstriction syndrome (RCVS). A 64-year-old woman with chronic migraine and medication-overuse headache (on amitriptyline, duloxetine, erenumab) was electively admitted for 5 days of intravenous (IV) ketamine (up to 55 mg/h) to treat intractable migraine pain. On the seventh day, upon receiving her forth dose of IV DHE (0.25 mg) and the first of IV valproic acid (VPA) (500 mg) adjunctively, she developed acute bilateral decreased visual acuity, bitemporal visual field deficit, and unsteady gait. Brain magnetic resonance imaging/magnetic resonance angiography (MRI/MRA) showed confluent bilateral T2 hyperintensities with punctate restricted diffusion in the occipital lobes associated with multi-segmental narrowing involving anterior, middle, posterior cerebral, and basilar arteries consistent with RCVS. Verapamil was initiated, whereas DHE, neuroleptics, and serotonergic agents were discontinued. Though she continued to have constant, non-thunderclap migrainous headache, her other neurologic symptoms resolved in 24 h. Concomitant use of VPA and erenumab with DHE may result in RCVS. VPA likely displaces the protein-bound DHE causing a transient surge of free DHE level in the serum. Erenumab may have impaired the protective vasodilatory mechanism, augmenting DHE’s vasoconstrictive effect. This case report highlights the importance and awareness of such a drug-drug interaction with DHE. J Neurol Res. 2020;10(1):20-24 doi: https://doi.org/10.14740/jnr558
{"title":"Acute Reversible Cerebral Vasoconstriction Syndrome With Low-Dose Dihydroergotamine Possibly Potentiated by Valproic Acid and Erenumab: A Case Report","authors":"Hsiangkuo Yuan, S. Nahas, M. Berk","doi":"10.14740/jnr558","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.14740/jnr558","url":null,"abstract":"Dihydroergotamine (DHE), in the setting of polypharmacy, may increase the possibility of reversible cerebral vasoconstriction syndrome (RCVS). A 64-year-old woman with chronic migraine and medication-overuse headache (on amitriptyline, duloxetine, erenumab) was electively admitted for 5 days of intravenous (IV) ketamine (up to 55 mg/h) to treat intractable migraine pain. On the seventh day, upon receiving her forth dose of IV DHE (0.25 mg) and the first of IV valproic acid (VPA) (500 mg) adjunctively, she developed acute bilateral decreased visual acuity, bitemporal visual field deficit, and unsteady gait. Brain magnetic resonance imaging/magnetic resonance angiography (MRI/MRA) showed confluent bilateral T2 hyperintensities with punctate restricted diffusion in the occipital lobes associated with multi-segmental narrowing involving anterior, middle, posterior cerebral, and basilar arteries consistent with RCVS. Verapamil was initiated, whereas DHE, neuroleptics, and serotonergic agents were discontinued. Though she continued to have constant, non-thunderclap migrainous headache, her other neurologic symptoms resolved in 24 h. Concomitant use of VPA and erenumab with DHE may result in RCVS. VPA likely displaces the protein-bound DHE causing a transient surge of free DHE level in the serum. Erenumab may have impaired the protective vasodilatory mechanism, augmenting DHE’s vasoconstrictive effect. This case report highlights the importance and awareness of such a drug-drug interaction with DHE. J Neurol Res. 2020;10(1):20-24 doi: https://doi.org/10.14740/jnr558","PeriodicalId":16489,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Neurology Research","volume":"54 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-02-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"75050355","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Background: This study focuses on the trend of prevalence of epilepsy hospital discharges in the USA, and the aim is to find any change in the trend of prevalence of epilepsy in the USA and its in-hospital mortality. Methods: A retrospective cohort study used the Healthcare Cost and Utilization Project (HCUP) national database to analyze trends of epilepsy outcomes between 1997 and 2014. Results: A total of 4,594,213 total epilepsy discharges were documented between 1997 and 2014 in the HCUP database. The prevalence of annual discharges increased significantly during the study period from 209,002 discharges in 1997 to 280,255 in 2014 (P < 0.0001). There were a total of 35,643 in-hospital deaths due to epilepsy within the cohort during the study period. Mortality of epilepsy decreased across the entire cohort and between genders. In 1997, there were 2,256 documented in-hospital deaths, while 1,759 were recorded in 2014 (P = 0.00157). Conclusions: Our data showed that the prevalence of hospital epilepsy discharges is increasing in recent years; however, the in-hospital mortality is decreasing. The increase in the prevalence could be due to better detection or increased population, while the improved mortality could be due to better available treatments in recent years. Focusing on designing more accurate and affordable screening tools, as well as targeting further pharmacology-based treatments are an area of research that requires further investigation. J Neurol Res. 2020;10(1):3-6 doi: https://doi.org/10.14740/jnr563
{"title":"The Trend of In-Hospital Epilepsy and Its Mortality in the USA: A National Analysis During 1997 - 2014","authors":"J. Stowers, N. Ahmadi, A. Seifi","doi":"10.14740/jnr563","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.14740/jnr563","url":null,"abstract":"Background: This study focuses on the trend of prevalence of epilepsy hospital discharges in the USA, and the aim is to find any change in the trend of prevalence of epilepsy in the USA and its in-hospital mortality. Methods: A retrospective cohort study used the Healthcare Cost and Utilization Project (HCUP) national database to analyze trends of epilepsy outcomes between 1997 and 2014. Results: A total of 4,594,213 total epilepsy discharges were documented between 1997 and 2014 in the HCUP database. The prevalence of annual discharges increased significantly during the study period from 209,002 discharges in 1997 to 280,255 in 2014 (P < 0.0001). There were a total of 35,643 in-hospital deaths due to epilepsy within the cohort during the study period. Mortality of epilepsy decreased across the entire cohort and between genders. In 1997, there were 2,256 documented in-hospital deaths, while 1,759 were recorded in 2014 (P = 0.00157). Conclusions: Our data showed that the prevalence of hospital epilepsy discharges is increasing in recent years; however, the in-hospital mortality is decreasing. The increase in the prevalence could be due to better detection or increased population, while the improved mortality could be due to better available treatments in recent years. Focusing on designing more accurate and affordable screening tools, as well as targeting further pharmacology-based treatments are an area of research that requires further investigation. J Neurol Res. 2020;10(1):3-6 doi: https://doi.org/10.14740/jnr563","PeriodicalId":16489,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Neurology Research","volume":"12 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-02-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"85171585","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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