Pub Date : 2020-05-15DOI: 10.18231/j.ijceo.2020.017
S. Lavanya, Padmavathy, Ramakrishnan
Introduction: The purpose was to study the diagnostic yield of the various tests including lid fatigue test, Cogan twitch, Rest test, Ice test and Repetitive nerve stimulation (RNS) study in clinically diagnosed myasthenic patients. Materials and Methods: A prospective study of newly diagnosed myasthenic patients was done at tertiary eye - care centre. Totally, 58 patients underwent tests for the confirmation of myasthenia gravis. Fishers Exact test was used for comparative analysis. Results: Average age of presentation was 44.13 years. Number of male and female were 33 (56.9%) and 25 (43.1%). 8 (13.8%) patients were under the age of 15 years. Variability was observed in 47/58 (81.04%) patients and Fatigue was seen in 40 /58(68.97%) patients. Cogan twitch was observed in 28/58(48.28%) patients. Sensitivity of Rest test was 50%. Sensitivity of Ice test was 72.4%. Ice test positivity was 90% (9/10) in mild, 75% (21/28) in moderate, 68.75% (11/16) in severe ptosis indicating that increasing severity decreases the sensitivity. Sensitivity of combined Rest test and ice test was 90 %. Sensitivity of RNS study was 90%. The difference between the RNS study and Ice test was not statistically significant (p- 0.583). However RNS study showed higher percentage of positivity. Conclusion: Ice test is more sensitive than rest test. Rest test and Ice test are simple, cost benefit bed side tests when combined, have sensitivity equivalent to RNS study. However RNS study is the gold standard confirmatory test. Keywords: Cogan Twitch, Ice Test, Myasthenia, Rest Test.
{"title":"Office investigations for myasthenia gravis: Comparative analysis","authors":"S. Lavanya, Padmavathy, Ramakrishnan","doi":"10.18231/j.ijceo.2020.017","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18231/j.ijceo.2020.017","url":null,"abstract":"Introduction: The purpose was to study the diagnostic yield of the various tests including lid fatigue\u0000test, Cogan twitch, Rest test, Ice test and Repetitive nerve stimulation (RNS) study in clinically diagnosed\u0000myasthenic patients.\u0000Materials and Methods: A prospective study of newly diagnosed myasthenic patients was done at tertiary\u0000eye - care centre. Totally, 58 patients underwent tests for the confirmation of myasthenia gravis. Fishers\u0000Exact test was used for comparative analysis.\u0000Results: Average age of presentation was 44.13 years. Number of male and female were 33 (56.9%) and\u000025 (43.1%). 8 (13.8%) patients were under the age of 15 years. Variability was observed in 47/58 (81.04%)\u0000patients and Fatigue was seen in 40 /58(68.97%) patients. Cogan twitch was observed in 28/58(48.28%)\u0000patients. Sensitivity of Rest test was 50%. Sensitivity of Ice test was 72.4%. Ice test positivity was 90%\u0000(9/10) in mild, 75% (21/28) in moderate, 68.75% (11/16) in severe ptosis indicating that increasing severity\u0000decreases the sensitivity. Sensitivity of combined Rest test and ice test was 90 %. Sensitivity of RNS study\u0000was 90%. The difference between the RNS study and Ice test was not statistically significant (p- 0.583).\u0000However RNS study showed higher percentage of positivity.\u0000Conclusion: Ice test is more sensitive than rest test. Rest test and Ice test are simple, cost benefit bed side\u0000tests when combined, have sensitivity equivalent to RNS study. However RNS study is the gold standard\u0000confirmatory test.\u0000\u0000Keywords: Cogan Twitch, Ice Test, Myasthenia, Rest Test.","PeriodicalId":165482,"journal":{"name":"MedPulse International Journal of Ophthalmology","volume":"30 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-05-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"122929934","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Thaialnayaki Vellaichamy, S. Padmanaban, K. Swetha
BACKGROUND: Pterygium is a common chronic ophthalmic disease in our country which amounts to a significant visual morbidity. It may be affected by many factors such as age, gender, ultraviolet radiation exposure, dry eyes and time spent outdoors. AIM F THE STUDY: To study and analyze the epidemiology of pterygium including risk factors and specific associations in tertiary care centre. METHODOLOGY: A hospital based cross sectional observational study of 104 patients with pterygium attending the outpatient department from June 2016 to May 2017 was performed. A detailed history with socio demographic characteristics and complete ocular examination was done with the help of a structured questionnaire. The characteristics of pterygium with respect to type and stage were correlated with the socio demographic and clinical data of the patients including nature of occupation, amount of sun exposure, comorbid conditions and dry eyes. RESULTS: Majority of the patients in our study were in the age group 45 to 55 years with a female predominance. The years of sun exposure and cumulative hours of sun exposure were significantly higher in the fleshy type of pterygium (p<0.05). No significant association was found between high altitude, diabetes and hypertension with pterygium. 19 patients had dry eye, most of whom were clinically asymptomatic. Most common clinical symptoms include irritation and foreign body sensation in eye, visual disturbances, redness and visible growth in eye. With the rule astigmatism was more commonly associated with pterygium. CONCLUSION: Prolonged sunlight and UV light exposure is a known risk factor in development of pterygium. Patient working outdoors should be counseled about the importance of wearing protective eye gears to delay the onset and the progression of pterygium to some extent. Adequate management of asymptomatic dry eye is mandatory especially in patients working outdoors, as it can play a contributory role and hence the importance of dry eye evaluation in all cases of pterygium. As pterygium is usually a bilateral disease and the development of one eye always precedes the other, educating the patient can delay the progression in the affected eye and also to reduce the risk of pterygium developing in the other eye to some extent.
{"title":"An analytical study on the epidemiology of pterygium in a tertiary care centre","authors":"Thaialnayaki Vellaichamy, S. Padmanaban, K. Swetha","doi":"10.26611/10091021","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.26611/10091021","url":null,"abstract":"BACKGROUND: \u0000Pterygium is a common chronic ophthalmic disease in our country which amounts to a significant visual morbidity. It may be affected by many factors such as age, gender, ultraviolet radiation exposure, dry eyes and time spent outdoors. \u0000AIM F THE STUDY: \u0000To study and analyze the epidemiology of pterygium including risk factors and specific associations in tertiary care centre. \u0000METHODOLOGY: \u0000A hospital based cross sectional observational study of 104 patients with pterygium attending the outpatient department from June 2016 to May 2017 was performed. A detailed history with socio demographic characteristics and complete ocular examination was done with the help of a structured questionnaire. The characteristics of pterygium with respect to type and stage were correlated with the socio demographic and clinical data of the patients including nature of occupation, amount of sun exposure, comorbid conditions and dry eyes. \u0000RESULTS: \u0000Majority of the patients in our study were in the age group 45 to 55 years with a female predominance. The years of sun exposure and cumulative hours of sun exposure were significantly higher in the fleshy type of pterygium (p<0.05). No significant association was found between high altitude, diabetes and hypertension with pterygium. 19 patients had dry eye, most of whom were clinically asymptomatic. Most common clinical symptoms include irritation and foreign body sensation in eye, visual disturbances, redness and visible growth in eye. With the rule astigmatism was more commonly associated with pterygium. \u0000CONCLUSION: \u0000Prolonged sunlight and UV light exposure is a known risk factor in development of pterygium. Patient working outdoors should be counseled about the importance of wearing protective eye gears to delay the onset and the progression of pterygium to some extent. Adequate management of asymptomatic dry eye is mandatory especially in patients working outdoors, as it can play a contributory role and hence the importance of dry eye evaluation in all cases of pterygium. As pterygium is usually a bilateral disease and the development of one eye always precedes the other, educating the patient can delay the progression in the affected eye and also to reduce the risk of pterygium developing in the other eye to some extent.","PeriodicalId":165482,"journal":{"name":"MedPulse International Journal of Ophthalmology","volume":"32 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"131765622","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Correlative study of diabetic retinopathy and peripheral neuropathy in Vijayawada population","authors":"Swapna Damulri","doi":"10.26611/10091226","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.26611/10091226","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":165482,"journal":{"name":"MedPulse International Journal of Ophthalmology","volume":"196 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"123072776","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Incidence and pattern of clinical presentation of ocular injuries due to vehicular accidents","authors":"Kavita Patil, Rohit Patil","doi":"10.26611/10091227","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.26611/10091227","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":165482,"journal":{"name":"MedPulse International Journal of Ophthalmology","volume":"189 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"123265905","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Penetrating keratoplasty: indications, outcomes and complications","authors":"Pankaj Vitthal Shaha","doi":"10.26611/10093310","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.26611/10093310","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":165482,"journal":{"name":"MedPulse International Journal of Ophthalmology","volume":"13 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"122232622","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Pre and post-operative effects on corneal astigmatism in patients with glaucoma","authors":"Jyothi","doi":"10.26611/10091922","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.26611/10091922","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":165482,"journal":{"name":"MedPulse International Journal of Ophthalmology","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"130614954","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Study of complications and outcomes of phacoemulsification cataract surgery at a tertiary hospital","authors":"Kedar Dighe","doi":"10.26611/10091813","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.26611/10091813","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":165482,"journal":{"name":"MedPulse International Journal of Ophthalmology","volume":"109 2S 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"123689697","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"A clinical study on ocular manifestations of diabetes mellitus","authors":"S. Sarawade","doi":"10.26611/10091921","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.26611/10091921","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":165482,"journal":{"name":"MedPulse International Journal of Ophthalmology","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"125760088","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Effect of COVID -19 related lockdown on management of the patients with diabetic retinopathy","authors":"A. Rajput","doi":"10.26611/10092014","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.26611/10092014","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":165482,"journal":{"name":"MedPulse International Journal of Ophthalmology","volume":"161 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"131793233","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
A. Awargaonkar, A. Vare, V. S. Nandedkar, Sagar Janrao, A. Jiwane
{"title":"Effectiveness of limbal relaxing incision for correction of post-operative astigmatism after phacoemulsification cataract surgery with intraocular lens implantation","authors":"A. Awargaonkar, A. Vare, V. S. Nandedkar, Sagar Janrao, A. Jiwane","doi":"10.26611/10091111","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.26611/10091111","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":165482,"journal":{"name":"MedPulse International Journal of Ophthalmology","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"130744215","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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