Journal of nuclear medicine technology最新文献

In September 2020, the Journal of Nuclear Medicine and Technology published a continuing education article, "Breast Cancer: Evaluating Tumor Estrogen Receptor Status with Molecular Imaging to Increase Response to Therapy and Improve Patient Outcomes," that reviewed a promising new PET tracer, 16α-¹⁸F-fluoro-17β-fluoroestradiol (¹⁸F-FES). This tracer had the potential to be a valuable tool for medical oncologists and breast surgeons in noninvasively evaluating the estrogen receptor site status of their patients' recurrent tumor and secondary metastatic lesions. In May 2020, ¹⁸F-FES received Food and Drug Administration approval and began being marketed by Zionexa using the trade name Cerianna and manufactured by PETNET. In May 2021, GE Healthcare acquired Zionexa, and Cerianna and is now being marketed by GE Healthcare and is still being manufactured by PETNET. This article will review the ¹⁸F-FES package insert information and imaging protocol, as well as important guidelines for imaging with ¹⁸F-FES.

ChatGPT chatbot powered by GPT 3.5 was released in late November 2022 but has been rapidly assimilated into educational and clinical environments. Method: Insight into ChatGPT capabilities was undertaken in an interview-style approach with the chatbot itself. Results: ChatGPT powered by GPT 3.5 exudes confidence in its capabilities in supporting and enhancing student learning in nuclear medicine and in supporting clinical practice. ChatGPT is also self-aware of limitations and flaws in capabilities and the risks these pose to academic integrity. Conclusion: Further objective evaluation of ChatGPT capabilities in authentic learning and clinical scenarios is required.

Academic integrity has been challenged by artificial intelligence algorithms in teaching institutions, including those providing nuclear medicine training. The GPT 3.5-powered ChatGPT chatbot released in late November 2022 has emerged as an immediate threat to academic and scientific writing. Methods: Both examinations and written assignments for nuclear medicine courses were tested using ChatGPT. Included was a mix of core theory subjects offered in the second and third years of the nuclear medicine science course. Long-answer-style questions (8 subjects) and calculation-style questions (2 subjects) were included for examinations. ChatGPT was also used to produce responses to authentic writing tasks (6 subjects). ChatGPT responses were evaluated by Turnitin plagiarism-detection software for similarity and artificial intelligence scores, scored against standardized rubrics, and compared with the mean performance of student cohorts. Results: ChatGPT powered by GPT 3.5 performed poorly in the 2 calculation examinations (overall, 31.7% compared with 67.3% for students), with particularly poor performance in complex-style questions. ChatGPT failed each of 6 written tasks (overall, 38.9% compared with 67.2% for students), with worsening performance corresponding to increasing writing and research expectations in the third year. In the 8 examinations, ChatGPT performed better than students for general or early subjects but poorly for advanced and specific subjects (overall, 51% compared with 57.4% for students). Conclusion: Although ChatGPT poses a risk to academic integrity, its usefulness as a cheating tool can be constrained by higher-order taxonomies. Unfortunately, the constraints to higher-order learning and skill development also undermine potential applications of ChatGPT for enhancing learning. There are several potential applications of ChatGPT for teaching nuclear medicine students.

The recommendation for the duration of breastfeeding interruption after radiopharmaceutical administration has not been standardized and varies among the guidance documents and publications in the literature. Methods: A working group consisting of 3 staff physicians, 2 fellows, and 2 technologists was designated to update the institutional recommendations on breastfeeding interruption based on the review of the guidance documents and the literature. Results: Our institutional recommendations on the duration of breastfeeding interruption for 54 radiopharmaceuticals are presented in 4 summary tables. For completeness, we also include other radiopharmaceuticals with available information. Conclusion: The detailed recommendation summary on breastfeeding might be helpful to other centers.

The protein expression of the prostate-specific membrane antigen correlates with unfavorable or aggressive histologic features of prostate cancer, resulting in use as a diagnostic PET imaging radiotracer and therapeutic target. Here, we discuss the methods to develop ²²⁵Ac-DOTA-J591, an α-labeled compound targeting an extracellular epitope of prostate-specific membrane antigen, which is currently being studied in early clinical trials. In addition, we review quality control, radiation safety measures, and clinical considerations before administration of this radioimmunotherapeutic agent.

Immediate and complete decontamination procedures are essential to restore the functionality, precision, accuracy, and safety of tests done within the nuclear medicine facility. Decontamination is a simple procedure that, if performed correctly, effectively reduces exposure brought about by spills. The determination of a suitable radiodecontaminant may be beneficial in decontaminating patient beds, collimators, probes, and machines. Methods: Two surface types (i.e., stainless steel and vinyl) were contaminated with a predetermined activity of ^99mTcO₄ and ¹³¹I. After air drying, static images of the contaminated surfaces were obtained using a γ-camera to determine the activity counts on each surface before and after decontamination procedures. Different decontaminant contact times (i.e., 5, 10, and 15 min) were used for each decontaminant (i.e., ionized water, 10% bleach, detergent solution, a negative control [no treatment], and a positive control [a commercial radiodecontaminant]). Differences between the effectiveness of ionized water and the other decontaminants against ^99mTcO₄ and ¹³¹I at different contact times were measured, and the mean percentage activity removed (%AR) was compared using 2-way ANOVA at the 0.05 level of significance. Results: ^99mTcO₄ and ¹³¹I contaminants had %ARs of greater than 80% after 5 min of contact time for ionized water and the other decontaminants. At 15 min contact time, ionized water was not as effective as the other decontaminating agents for ¹³¹I on vinyl surfaces. There was no significant interaction between the effects of the decontaminants (%AR) and the contact times with stainless steel and vinyl for either ^99mTcO₄ or ¹³¹I. Conclusion: For ^99mTcO₄ and ¹³¹I on stainless steel surfaces, ionized water is an effective decontaminant at contact times of 5, 10, and 15 min. For ^99mTcO₄ on vinyl surfaces, ionized water is also an effective decontaminant at contact times of 5, 10, and 15 min. For ¹³¹I on vinyl surfaces, ionized water is as effective as 10% bleach, detergent solution, and a commercial radiodecontaminant at contact times of 5 and 10 min.

Our aim was to investigate the effectiveness of the technologist-driven injection technique of lymphoscintigraphy used at a rural hospital in Australia to identify the correct lymph node for sentinel lymph node biopsy (SLNB) in early-stage breast cancer patients. Methods: A retrospective audit was conducted using imaging and medical record data from 145 eligible patients who underwent preoperative lymphoscintigraphy for SLNB at a single center throughout 2013 and 2014. The lymphoscintigraphy technique included a single periareolar injection with subsequent dynamic and static images as required. Descriptive statistics, sentinel node identification rates, and imaging-surgery concordance rates were generated from the data. Additionally, χ² analysis was used to examine the relationships between age, previous surgical intervention, and injection site and time until a sentinel node is visualized. The technique and statistical results were directly compared against multiple similar studies in the literature. Results: The sentinel node identification rate was 99.3%, and the imaging-surgery concordance rate was 97.2%. The identification rate was significantly higher than those of similar studies in the literature, and concordance rates were similar across studies. The findings demonstrated that age (P = 0.508) and previous surgical intervention (P = 0.966) did not influence the time it takes to visualize a sentinel node. Injection site did appear to have a statistically significant effect (P = 0.001), with injections in the upper outer quadrant correlating with increased times between injection and visualization. Conclusion: The reported lymphoscintigraphy technique for identifying sentinel lymph nodes for SLNB in early-stage breast cancer patients can be justified as an accurate and effective method that is time-sensitive and has outcomes comparable to those of successful studies in the literature.

Prostate-specific membrane antigen (PSMA) expression has been observed in the neovasculature of various malignancies. We present a case of metastatic renal cell carcinoma (RCC) with comparative ¹⁸F-FDG PET/CT and ⁶⁸Ga-PSMA-11 imaging in which FDG PET/CT failed to detect metastatic thyroid disease and showed less ¹⁸F-FDG-concentrating lesions at other sites, whereas ⁶⁸Ga-PSMA-11 PET/CT identified metastatic thyroid disease and demonstrated intensely ⁶⁸Ga-PSMA-11-expressing distant metastatic lesions. ⁶⁸Ga-PSMA-11 PET/CT may be considered a potentially useful imaging technique in RCC to detect metastasis and to guide the choice of specific treatments, such as PSMA-based radionuclide therapy in patients with recurrent metastatic RCC.