Purpose: The aim of the study was to assess the relationship between tax incentives and corporate tax avoidance strategies in Kenya. Methodology: This study adopted a desk methodology. A desk study research design is commonly known as secondary data collection. This is basically collecting data from existing resources preferably because of its low cost advantage as compared to a field research. Our current study looked into already published studies and reports as the data was easily accessed through online journals and libraries. Findings: The relationship between Tax Incentives and Corporate Tax Avoidance Strategies in Kenya has been a subject of research. Findings indicate that while tax incentives are intended to promote economic growth and investment, they can also create opportunities for corporate tax avoidance. Companies in Kenya have sometimes leveraged these incentives to reduce their tax liabilities through legal but aggressive tax planning strategies, potentially leading to reduced government revenue. Implications to Theory, Practice and Policy: Agency theory, resource dependence theory and political economy theory may be use to anchor future studies on assessing relationship between tax incentives and corporate tax avoidance strategies in Kenya. For practitioners, understanding how tax incentives and avoidance strategies vary across industries is essential. Policymakers should actively engage in global collaboration to address tax avoidance by multinational corporations. International tax policy reforms and coordinated efforts are needed to create a fair and transparent global tax environment that discourages aggressive tax avoidance.
{"title":"Relationship between Tax Incentives and Corporate Tax Avoidance Strategies in Kenya","authors":"Section Editor11, Bonface Kimani","doi":"10.47672/ajacc.1788","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.47672/ajacc.1788","url":null,"abstract":"Purpose: The aim of the study was to assess the relationship between tax incentives and corporate tax avoidance strategies in Kenya. \u0000Methodology: This study adopted a desk methodology. A desk study research design is commonly known as secondary data collection. This is basically collecting data from existing resources preferably because of its low cost advantage as compared to a field research. Our current study looked into already published studies and reports as the data was easily accessed through online journals and libraries. \u0000Findings: The relationship between Tax Incentives and Corporate Tax Avoidance Strategies in Kenya has been a subject of research. Findings indicate that while tax incentives are intended to promote economic growth and investment, they can also create opportunities for corporate tax avoidance. Companies in Kenya have sometimes leveraged these incentives to reduce their tax liabilities through legal but aggressive tax planning strategies, potentially leading to reduced government revenue. \u0000Implications to Theory, Practice and Policy: Agency theory, resource dependence theory and political economy theory may be use to anchor future studies on assessing relationship between tax incentives and corporate tax avoidance strategies in Kenya. For practitioners, understanding how tax incentives and avoidance strategies vary across industries is essential. Policymakers should actively engage in global collaboration to address tax avoidance by multinational corporations. International tax policy reforms and coordinated efforts are needed to create a fair and transparent global tax environment that discourages aggressive tax avoidance.","PeriodicalId":165748,"journal":{"name":"American Journal of Accounting","volume":"421 ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-02-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140453004","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Purpose: The aim of the study was to assess the impact of financial reporting transparency on investor decision-making in Kenya. Methodology: This study adopted a desk methodology. A desk study research design is commonly known as secondary data collection. This is basically collecting data from existing resources preferably because of its low cost advantage as compared to a field research. Our current study looked into already published studies and reports as the data was easily accessed through online journals and libraries. Findings: In summary, financial reporting transparency significantly impacts investor decisions. It boosts confidence, reduces information gaps, lowers capital costs, enhances stock liquidity, and encourages long-term investments. Moreover, it improves risk assessment, ensures regulatory compliance, and safeguards investor interests. Implications to Theory, Practice and Policy: Information asymmetry theory, agency theory and behavioral finance theory may be use to anchor future studies on assessing the impact of financial reporting transparency on investor decision-making in Kenya. Companies should recognize the potential variation in the impact of financial reporting transparency across industries. Policymakers should work towards promoting the adoption of global reporting standards that encourage consistent and transparent financial disclosures.
{"title":"Impact of Financial Reporting Transparency on Investor Decision-Making","authors":"Mahesh Yoro","doi":"10.47672/ajacc.1785","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.47672/ajacc.1785","url":null,"abstract":"Purpose: The aim of the study was to assess the impact of financial reporting transparency on investor decision-making in Kenya. \u0000Methodology: This study adopted a desk methodology. A desk study research design is commonly known as secondary data collection. This is basically collecting data from existing resources preferably because of its low cost advantage as compared to a field research. Our current study looked into already published studies and reports as the data was easily accessed through online journals and libraries. \u0000Findings: In summary, financial reporting transparency significantly impacts investor decisions. It boosts confidence, reduces information gaps, lowers capital costs, enhances stock liquidity, and encourages long-term investments. Moreover, it improves risk assessment, ensures regulatory compliance, and safeguards investor interests. \u0000Implications to Theory, Practice and Policy: Information asymmetry theory, agency theory and behavioral finance theory may be use to anchor future studies on assessing the impact of financial reporting transparency on investor decision-making in Kenya. Companies should recognize the potential variation in the impact of financial reporting transparency across industries. Policymakers should work towards promoting the adoption of global reporting standards that encourage consistent and transparent financial disclosures.","PeriodicalId":165748,"journal":{"name":"American Journal of Accounting","volume":"282 ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-02-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140452605","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Purpose: The aim of the study was to assess the effect of audit quality on earnings management practices. Methodology: This study adopted a desk methodology. A desk study research design is commonly known as secondary data collection. This is basically collecting data from existing resources preferably because of its low cost advantage as compared to a field research. Our current study looked into already published studies and reports as the data was easily accessed through online journals and libraries. Findings: Research indicates that higher audit quality is associated with reduced earnings management practices. High-quality audits lead to improved financial reporting, fraud detection, and lower costs of capital. Market reactions are positive when reputable audit firms are involved. However, outcomes may vary by industry and country, depending on regulatory and institutional factors. Implications to Theory, Practice and Policy: Agency theory, signaling theory and information risk and auditor reputation theory may be use to anchor future studies on assessing the effect of audit quality on earnings management practices. Audit firms should invest in ongoing training and professional development programs to enhance the skills and knowledge of auditors. Regulatory authorities should continue to strengthen their oversight of the audit profession. This includes periodically reviewing and updating auditing standards, enforcing compliance with auditing regulations, and imposing penalties for audit failures.
{"title":"Effect of Audit Quality on Earnings Management Practices","authors":"John Mwangi","doi":"10.47672/ajacc.1783","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.47672/ajacc.1783","url":null,"abstract":"Purpose: The aim of the study was to assess the effect of audit quality on earnings management practices. \u0000Methodology: This study adopted a desk methodology. A desk study research design is commonly known as secondary data collection. This is basically collecting data from existing resources preferably because of its low cost advantage as compared to a field research. Our current study looked into already published studies and reports as the data was easily accessed through online journals and libraries. \u0000Findings: Research indicates that higher audit quality is associated with reduced earnings management practices. High-quality audits lead to improved financial reporting, fraud detection, and lower costs of capital. Market reactions are positive when reputable audit firms are involved. However, outcomes may vary by industry and country, depending on regulatory and institutional factors. \u0000Implications to Theory, Practice and Policy: Agency theory, signaling theory and information risk and auditor reputation theory may be use to anchor future studies on assessing the effect of audit quality on earnings management practices. Audit firms should invest in ongoing training and professional development programs to enhance the skills and knowledge of auditors. Regulatory authorities should continue to strengthen their oversight of the audit profession. This includes periodically reviewing and updating auditing standards, enforcing compliance with auditing regulations, and imposing penalties for audit failures.","PeriodicalId":165748,"journal":{"name":"American Journal of Accounting","volume":"277 ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-02-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140452613","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Purpose: The aim of the study was to assess the influence of accounting information systems (AIS) on financial reporting accuracy. Methodology: This study adopted a desk methodology. A desk study research design is commonly known as secondary data collection. This is basically collecting data from existing resources preferably because of its low cost advantage as compared to a field research. Our current study looked into already published studies and reports as the data was easily accessed through online journals and libraries. Findings: Accounting Information Systems (AIS) have a substantial positive impact on financial reporting accuracy through error reduction, data integrity assurance, consistency enforcement, audit trail provision, and facilitating timely reporting, ultimately leading to more reliable financial statements. Implications to Theory, Practice and Policy: Agency theory, information economics theory and structuration theory may be use to anchor future studies on assessing the influence of accounting information systems (AIS) on financial reporting accuracy. Research should explore the potential synergy between different advanced AIS technologies, such as AI and blockchain, to better understand how their combined use can enhance financial reporting accuracy. Organizations, especially in industries like healthcare, should consider investing in AIS automation to reduce reporting errors and improve financial reporting accuracy.
{"title":"Influence of Accounting Information Systems (AIS) on Financial Reporting Accuracy","authors":"Bonface Kimani","doi":"10.47672/ajacc.1787","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.47672/ajacc.1787","url":null,"abstract":"Purpose: The aim of the study was to assess the influence of accounting information systems (AIS) on financial reporting accuracy. \u0000Methodology: This study adopted a desk methodology. A desk study research design is commonly known as secondary data collection. This is basically collecting data from existing resources preferably because of its low cost advantage as compared to a field research. Our current study looked into already published studies and reports as the data was easily accessed through online journals and libraries. \u0000Findings: Accounting Information Systems (AIS) have a substantial positive impact on financial reporting accuracy through error reduction, data integrity assurance, consistency enforcement, audit trail provision, and facilitating timely reporting, ultimately leading to more reliable financial statements. \u0000Implications to Theory, Practice and Policy: Agency theory, information economics theory and structuration theory may be use to anchor future studies on assessing the influence of accounting information systems (AIS) on financial reporting accuracy. Research should explore the potential synergy between different advanced AIS technologies, such as AI and blockchain, to better understand how their combined use can enhance financial reporting accuracy. Organizations, especially in industries like healthcare, should consider investing in AIS automation to reduce reporting errors and improve financial reporting accuracy.","PeriodicalId":165748,"journal":{"name":"American Journal of Accounting","volume":"107 ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-02-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140452621","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
The COVID-19 pandemic quarantine has affected every sector and area, including families, communities, and economies worldwide. Global businesses have suffered income losses, higher operational expenses, and delayed credit collection. To address these challenges, the government should implement fiscal stimuli for the real estate industry through central banks and mortgage financing regulators. This will preserve investments, save low-paying jobs, and maintain housing affordability for low-income families. Lowering mortgage interest rates and expanding access to preferential home finance loans are crucial measures. This research focuses on accountants' roles in Abuja's real estate business and examines the impact of COVID-19 on the market. Understanding the effects of mortgage financing difficulties is essential for assessing market competitiveness. The pandemic has affected every aspect of the real estate sector, making it important to consider the perspectives of stakeholders. The regulatory framework implemented due to COVID-19 has reduced rental prices and operating income for real estate businesses. The pandemic's global quarantine measures have made financial instruments less attractive, leading to income losses, increased operating costs, and delayed credit collection for organizations worldwide. In Nigeria, property owners are allowed to postpone annual reports by up to three months. This research employs a cross-sectional design and investigates the impact of COVID-19 on accounting practices in Abuja's real estate market. Quantitative data is used for statistical analysis, adopting a deductive approach. The study examines accounting problems faced by real estate businesses in Abuja following the COVID-19 outbreak. It reveals significant challenges such as decreased demand, disrupted supply chains, and increased expenses. Consequently, accounting practices, especially in areas like cash management, cost control, and financial reporting, have been greatly affected. Transparent and effective communication of financial information is crucial during crises to maintain stakeholder and investor confidence.
{"title":"A Real Estate Focuses on Covid-19 Accounting Considerations – The Case of Abuja, Federal Capital Territory in Nigeria","authors":"E. Otun, L. Kaur","doi":"10.47672/ajacc.1523","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.47672/ajacc.1523","url":null,"abstract":"The COVID-19 pandemic quarantine has affected every sector and area, including families, communities, and economies worldwide. Global businesses have suffered income losses, higher operational expenses, and delayed credit collection. To address these challenges, the government should implement fiscal stimuli for the real estate industry through central banks and mortgage financing regulators. This will preserve investments, save low-paying jobs, and maintain housing affordability for low-income families. Lowering mortgage interest rates and expanding access to preferential home finance loans are crucial measures. This research focuses on accountants' roles in Abuja's real estate business and examines the impact of COVID-19 on the market. Understanding the effects of mortgage financing difficulties is essential for assessing market competitiveness. The pandemic has affected every aspect of the real estate sector, making it important to consider the perspectives of stakeholders. The regulatory framework implemented due to COVID-19 has reduced rental prices and operating income for real estate businesses. The pandemic's global quarantine measures have made financial instruments less attractive, leading to income losses, increased operating costs, and delayed credit collection for organizations worldwide. In Nigeria, property owners are allowed to postpone annual reports by up to three months. This research employs a cross-sectional design and investigates the impact of COVID-19 on accounting practices in Abuja's real estate market. Quantitative data is used for statistical analysis, adopting a deductive approach. The study examines accounting problems faced by real estate businesses in Abuja following the COVID-19 outbreak. It reveals significant challenges such as decreased demand, disrupted supply chains, and increased expenses. Consequently, accounting practices, especially in areas like cash management, cost control, and financial reporting, have been greatly affected. Transparent and effective communication of financial information is crucial during crises to maintain stakeholder and investor confidence. \u0000 ","PeriodicalId":165748,"journal":{"name":"American Journal of Accounting","volume":" 9","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-07-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"120832176","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Purpose: The application of forensic accounting techniques in public procurement practices helps to maintain value for money. Loss attributable to fraud in the public sector environment due to leakages in procurement practices, which in turn affected the economic growth and development of the nation. Evidence from literature showed that many public sector of Nigeria have not deployed forensic accounting techniques in deriving maximum value from government spending. Hence, the study investigated the effect of forensic accounting techniques on procurement practices in public sector of Nigeria. This study therefore examines the effect of forensic accounting techniques on procurement practices in Federal Government parastatals in Nigeria. The study adopted survey research design. Methodology: The population of the study was 5 federal government agencies. Purposive sampling technique was used to select 2 agencies. The target population of the study was 131 accountants in the two agencies chosen- Nigeria Port Authority and Nigeria Civil Aviation Authority. Total enumeration was adopted. A validated and structured questionnaire was used to administer 131 copies of the questionnaire to the respondents. 126 copies were retrieved which represented 96% retrieval rate. The Cronbach alpha reliability coefficients ranged from 0.740 – 0.892. The data were analyzed using descriptive and inferential (multiple regression) statistics at 5% level of significant. Findings: The result found that forensic accounting techniques had significant effect on value for money practice in public sector of Nigeria (Adj. R2 = 0.299; F (6, 125) = 14.352, p < 0.05). The result also found that forensic accounting techniques had positive significant effect on procurement practices (Adj. R2 = 0.270, F (6, 125) = 12.562, p <0.05). The study concluded that forensic accounting techniques influenced value for money practices (measured by procurement practices) in federal public sector of Nigeria. Recommendations: The study therefore recommended that government should formulate policy that will mandate the use of forensic accounting techniques in order to avoid leakages and achieve value for money in government businesses.
目的:法务会计技术在公共采购实践中的应用有助于保持物有所值。由于采购行为的泄漏，公共部门环境中的欺诈行为造成的损失，这反过来影响了国家的经济增长和发展。来自文献的证据表明，尼日利亚的许多公共部门没有部署法务会计技术，以从政府支出中获得最大价值。因此，该研究调查了法务会计技术对尼日利亚公共部门采购实践的影响。因此，本研究考察了法务会计技术对尼日利亚联邦政府半国有企业采购实践的影响。本研究采用调查研究设计。研究方法:研究对象为5个联邦政府机构。采用目的抽样方法，选取2家机构。这项研究的目标人群是尼日利亚港口管理局和尼日利亚民航局这两个机构的131名会计师。采用全枚举法。一份经过验证的结构化问卷被用于向受访者发放131份问卷。检索126份，检索率96%。Cronbach α信度系数为0.740 ~ 0.892。数据采用5%显著性水平的描述性和推断性(多元回归)统计进行分析。结果发现，法务会计技术对尼日利亚公共部门的货币价值实践有显著影响(相对值R2 = 0.299;F (6,125) = 14.352, p < 0.05)。结果还发现法务会计技术对采购实践有显著的正向影响(相对值R2 = 0.270, F (6,125) = 12.562, p <0.05)。该研究的结论是，法务会计技术影响了尼日利亚联邦公共部门的物有所值做法(以采购做法衡量)。建议:因此，该研究建议政府应制定政策，强制使用法务会计技术，以避免泄漏并实现政府业务的物有所值。
{"title":"Forensic Accounting Techniques and Procurement Practices in Federal Government Parastatals of Nigeria","authors":"A. Olabode, Olayinka Moses","doi":"10.47672/ajacc.1508","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.47672/ajacc.1508","url":null,"abstract":"Purpose: The application of forensic accounting techniques in public procurement practices helps to maintain value for money. Loss attributable to fraud in the public sector environment due to leakages in procurement practices, which in turn affected the economic growth and development of the nation. Evidence from literature showed that many public sector of Nigeria have not deployed forensic accounting techniques in deriving maximum value from government spending. Hence, the study investigated the effect of forensic accounting techniques on procurement practices in public sector of Nigeria. This study therefore examines the effect of forensic accounting techniques on procurement practices in Federal Government parastatals in Nigeria. The study adopted survey research design. \u0000Methodology: The population of the study was 5 federal government agencies. Purposive sampling technique was used to select 2 agencies. The target population of the study was 131 accountants in the two agencies chosen- Nigeria Port Authority and Nigeria Civil Aviation Authority. Total enumeration was adopted. A validated and structured questionnaire was used to administer 131 copies of the questionnaire to the respondents. 126 copies were retrieved which represented 96% retrieval rate. The Cronbach alpha reliability coefficients ranged from 0.740 – 0.892. The data were analyzed using descriptive and inferential (multiple regression) statistics at 5% level of significant. \u0000Findings: The result found that forensic accounting techniques had significant effect on value for money practice in public sector of Nigeria (Adj. R2 = 0.299; F (6, 125) = 14.352, p < 0.05). \u0000The result also found that forensic accounting techniques had positive significant effect on procurement practices (Adj. R2 = 0.270, F (6, 125) = 12.562, p <0.05). The study concluded that forensic accounting techniques influenced value for money practices (measured by procurement practices) in federal public sector of Nigeria. \u0000Recommendations: The study therefore recommended that government should formulate policy that will mandate the use of forensic accounting techniques in order to avoid leakages and achieve value for money in government businesses. \u0000 ","PeriodicalId":165748,"journal":{"name":"American Journal of Accounting","volume":"5 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-06-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"123796626","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Dr. John B Baguma Muhunga Kule, Dr. John Rwakihembo, Dr. Nsambu Frederick Kijjambu, Professor Nixon Kamukama
Purpose: To establish the relationship between control integrity and ethical values, and financial performance of SACCOs in Mid-Western Uganda. Methodology: To collect data was presented using frequency tables and was analyzed using standard regression analysis. Besides, a cross-sectional research design and positivist paradigm were used. Besides, a closed-ended questionnaire was used to collect data. Findings: The study findings indicate a strong positive significant relationship between integrity and ethical values and financial performance of SACCOs in Mid-Western Uganda. Unique Contribution to Practice and Policy: This study provides a detailed understanding of how integrity and ethical values influence financial performance, thus pointing to the fact that integrity and ethical values are predictors of financial performance.
{"title":"Integrity and Ethical Values, and Financial Performance of Savings and Credit Cooperatives (SACCOs) in Mid-Western Uganda","authors":"Dr. John B Baguma Muhunga Kule, Dr. John Rwakihembo, Dr. Nsambu Frederick Kijjambu, Professor Nixon Kamukama","doi":"10.47672/ajacc.1470","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.47672/ajacc.1470","url":null,"abstract":"Purpose: To establish the relationship between control integrity and ethical values, and financial performance of SACCOs in Mid-Western Uganda. \u0000Methodology: To collect data was presented using frequency tables and was analyzed using standard regression analysis. Besides, a cross-sectional research design and positivist paradigm were used. Besides, a closed-ended questionnaire was used to collect data. \u0000Findings: The study findings indicate a strong positive significant relationship between integrity and ethical values and financial performance of SACCOs in Mid-Western Uganda. \u0000Unique Contribution to Practice and Policy: This study provides a detailed understanding of how integrity and ethical values influence financial performance, thus pointing to the fact that integrity and ethical values are predictors of financial performance. \u0000 ","PeriodicalId":165748,"journal":{"name":"American Journal of Accounting","volume":"116 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-05-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"124270356","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Dr. John B Baguma Muhunga Kule, Dr. Frederick Nsambu Kijjambu, Professor Nixon Kamukama Professor Nixon Kamukama, Dr. John Rwakihembo
Purpose: To test the association between internal control environment and financial accountability of SACCOs in Mid-Western Uganda. Methodology: The study adopted a cross-sectional research design and positivist paradigm to gather data from 93 SACCOs in Mid-Western Uganda using a closed-ended questionnaire. Data was analyzed using the standard linear regression. Findings: The study depict a strong positive significant association relationship between internal control environment and financial accountability of SACCOs in Mid-Western Uganda. Unique Contribution to Theory, Practice and Policy: The high level of transparency and value for money can be achieved if management puts into place effective internal control environment if SACCOs are to realize a high level of transparence and value for money.
{"title":"Internal Control Environment and Financial Accountability of Savings and Credit Cooperatives in Mid-Western Uganda","authors":"Dr. John B Baguma Muhunga Kule, Dr. Frederick Nsambu Kijjambu, Professor Nixon Kamukama Professor Nixon Kamukama, Dr. John Rwakihembo","doi":"10.47672/ajacc.1468","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.47672/ajacc.1468","url":null,"abstract":"Purpose: To test the association between internal control environment and financial accountability of SACCOs in Mid-Western Uganda. \u0000Methodology: The study adopted a cross-sectional research design and positivist paradigm to gather data from 93 SACCOs in Mid-Western Uganda using a closed-ended questionnaire. Data was analyzed using the standard linear regression. \u0000Findings: The study depict a strong positive significant association relationship between internal control environment and financial accountability of SACCOs in Mid-Western Uganda. \u0000Unique Contribution to Theory, Practice and Policy: The high level of transparency and value for money can be achieved if management puts into place effective internal control environment if SACCOs are to realize a high level of transparence and value for money. \u0000 ","PeriodicalId":165748,"journal":{"name":"American Journal of Accounting","volume":"54 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-05-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"115175074","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Purpose: The aim of the study is to examine the potential problems with the new proposed Central Bank Digital Currency (CBDC) known as the digital dollar. Methodology: Qualitative research design examining pertinent and timely studies and articles about several aspects of the CBDC. Kuznichenko’s study used the Vector Autoregressive model to examine volatility spillover to the CBDC from equity markets. Most studies researched on the subject were Qualitative as well. Findings: The CBDC, although providing benefits like payment efficiency, cross-border transactions, and less illegal activity than a cryptocurrency, also has potential downsides. During periods of financial panic, people can run from banks to the digital dollar. These bank runs could be even worse because whereas normal bank runs cause deposits to be moved from one bank to another, in this case, deposits would be moved out of the banking system entirely, into the digital dollar. Another theoretical problem with the digital dollar is a potential lack of individual privacy. Because the government would have a permanent blockchain record of all transactions and access to a person’s finances, this could cause potential government overreach. Lastly, although unlikely, if the Federal Reserve does not regulate the CBDC to the extent that it needs to be, volatility spillover from equity and forex markets could problematic to the stability of the digital dollar. Recommendations: Theoretically, policymakers can manage risk using the knowledge that the CBDC can exacerbate financial panics and instability. Increased regulation would be necessary to avoid potential volatility and bank runs during financial panics.
{"title":"The Digital Dollar Is Coming and May Be Problematic","authors":"Morgan Beckerman","doi":"10.47672/ajacc.1436","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.47672/ajacc.1436","url":null,"abstract":"Purpose: The aim of the study is to examine the potential problems with the new proposed Central Bank Digital Currency (CBDC) known as the digital dollar. \u0000Methodology: Qualitative research design examining pertinent and timely studies and articles about several aspects of the CBDC. Kuznichenko’s study used the Vector Autoregressive model to examine volatility spillover to the CBDC from equity markets. Most studies researched on the subject were Qualitative as well. \u0000Findings: The CBDC, although providing benefits like payment efficiency, cross-border transactions, and less illegal activity than a cryptocurrency, also has potential downsides. During periods of financial panic, people can run from banks to the digital dollar. These bank runs could be even worse because whereas normal bank runs cause deposits to be moved from one bank to another, in this case, deposits would be moved out of the banking system entirely, into the digital dollar. Another theoretical problem with the digital dollar is a potential lack of individual privacy. Because the government would have a permanent blockchain record of all transactions and access to a person’s finances, this could cause potential government overreach. Lastly, although unlikely, if the Federal Reserve does not regulate the CBDC to the extent that it needs to be, volatility spillover from equity and forex markets could problematic to the stability of the digital dollar. \u0000Recommendations: Theoretically, policymakers can manage risk using the knowledge that the CBDC can exacerbate financial panics and instability. Increased regulation would be necessary to avoid potential volatility and bank runs during financial panics. \u0000 ","PeriodicalId":165748,"journal":{"name":"American Journal of Accounting","volume":"17 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-04-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"132212218","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Purpose: The main objective of this study was to understand the effect of financial inclusion on economic growth of Africa. Although Africa is the second-most populous continent in the world with a 3.17% growth rate, it has the biggest proportion of the world's population without access to a bank, at a startling 45% throughout the continent. However, a growing number of Fintech businesses have emerged in Africa in recent years to address the issue of financial inclusion. With this advent, it was imperative to study the phenomenon and ascertain if there is any effect on the economy. Methodology: Descriptive and Correlational Research Design were employed to explain and examine the relationship between financial inclusion and economic growth. This study adopted the quantitative research approach. Secondary data from Financial Access Survey (FAS), World Development Indicators (WDI) and The Global Financial Index Report from 2015 – 2021 were examined. The relationships were tested using Generalized Moments Method (GMM) that was preferred over the Ordinary Least Square method (OLS) because of its efficiency and veracity to work with small samples. The data was presented in form of tables and graphs. Findings: The results showed that financial inclusion indicators are positively correlated to the economic growth. Using the dimensions of financial inclusion such as availability, penetration, and usage, we can ascertain a positive impact on the economic growth of Africa at large. Unique Contribution to Theory, Practice and Policy: The outcome of the study will guide policy makers to identify the most effective strategies to achieve financial inclusion that enhances economic growth. While previous studies identified ATM and CBB as one of the highest financial inclusion indicators that aid economic growth, it is recommended that BCB with a higher correlation be considered too for economic growth. Therefore, governments should focus on building structures and systems that encourage borrowing to stimulate economic growth.
{"title":"Impact of Financial Inclusion on Economic Growth of African Countries","authors":"Dr. Aitaa Sam Kilimvi, Amadi Solomon Ezekwesiri","doi":"10.47672/ajacc.1427","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.47672/ajacc.1427","url":null,"abstract":"Purpose: The main objective of this study was to understand the effect of financial inclusion on economic growth of Africa. Although Africa is the second-most populous continent in the world with a 3.17% growth rate, it has the biggest proportion of the world's population without access to a bank, at a startling 45% throughout the continent. However, a growing number of Fintech businesses have emerged in Africa in recent years to address the issue of financial inclusion. With this advent, it was imperative to study the phenomenon and ascertain if there is any effect on the economy. \u0000Methodology: Descriptive and Correlational Research Design were employed to explain and examine the relationship between financial inclusion and economic growth. This study adopted the quantitative research approach. Secondary data from Financial Access Survey (FAS), World Development Indicators (WDI) and The Global Financial Index Report from 2015 – 2021 were examined. The relationships were tested using Generalized Moments Method (GMM) that was preferred over the Ordinary Least Square method (OLS) because of its efficiency and veracity to work with small samples. The data was presented in form of tables and graphs. \u0000Findings: The results showed that financial inclusion indicators are positively correlated to the economic growth. Using the dimensions of financial inclusion such as availability, penetration, and usage, we can ascertain a positive impact on the economic growth of Africa at large. \u0000Unique Contribution to Theory, Practice and Policy: The outcome of the study will guide policy makers to identify the most effective strategies to achieve financial inclusion that enhances economic growth. While previous studies identified ATM and CBB as one of the highest financial inclusion indicators that aid economic growth, it is recommended that BCB with a higher correlation be considered too for economic growth. Therefore, governments should focus on building structures and systems that encourage borrowing to stimulate economic growth. \u0000 ","PeriodicalId":165748,"journal":{"name":"American Journal of Accounting","volume":"22 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-04-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"122216094","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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