Pub Date : 2022-10-03DOI: 10.1007/s10872-022-00665-2
D. Shiode, Jotaro Yokotaki, Masao Nemoto, Tadashi Miyazaki, F. Hu, T. Tokai
{"title":"Oscillation and the resulting bait loss observed in pelagic longline hooks","authors":"D. Shiode, Jotaro Yokotaki, Masao Nemoto, Tadashi Miyazaki, F. Hu, T. Tokai","doi":"10.1007/s10872-022-00665-2","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s10872-022-00665-2","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":16640,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Oceanography","volume":"79 1","pages":"211-221"},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2022-10-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"43439465","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"An Investigation into the Ruling of International Tribunal for the Law of the Sea in the Norstar case","authors":"A. Towhidi, Reyhaneh Zandi","doi":"10.52547/joc.13.51.7","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.52547/joc.13.51.7","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT","PeriodicalId":16640,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Oceanography","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2022-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42160389","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Background and Theoretical Foundations: Since the 1980s, ocean fertilization has attracted much attention among various methods of climate engineering. Some foreign researchers have examined ocean fertilization from environmental, legal, and commercial perspectives. since 2007, as the London Convention / Protocol regulates ocean fertilization, and then with the adoption of the 2013 Amendment to the London Protocol on this technology, Legal research in this area has been Increased. Although the ocean fertilization process has not yet been widely operated and remains at a limited experimental level, but legal research has been written specifically to examine the conventional position of this technology. The present article aims to explore ocean fertilization technology as one of the methods to deal with global warming, to examine its potential environmental benefits and challenges, and to examine the approach of the principles of international environmental law to this challenging technology. Methodology: Data collection of this research is library method and the procedure is descriptive analytical; Accordingly, after describing the process of ocean fertilization, it is most important environmental consequences have been studied, and finally, how international environmental law has dealt with this emerging technology has been analysed and Finally, we analyze this emerging technology in the context of the principles of international environmental law. Findings: By strengthening the biological pump of the ocean, ocean fertilization as one of the new ways to deal with climate change, seeks to increase the absorption of carbon dioxide by the ocean and ultimately deal with global warming. Countering global warming, increasing of the fish resources, promote marine scientific research and the carbon trade have been cited as potential benefits of ocean fertilization, but in addition to these benefits, the possibility of environmental problems such as ocean acidification, toxic algal blooms and anoxia is not out of the question. The transboundary environmental effects of ocean fertilization — whether in the internal waters It is a testament to the need to intervene of international environmental law to regulate this technology and its consequences. Therefore, in the present article, we intend to examine the role of the principles of international environmental law in responding to issues arising from the ocean fertilization and its regulation and elimination of its treaty gaps. Conclusion: The ocean fertilization can be described as a double edged sword that on the one hand is able to overcome one of the most important environmental challenges of the present age, namely global warming and consequently climate change, and on the other hand is the cause of marine environmental damage. First of all, the findings of the present paper show that, there is insufficient scientific certainty about the environmental consequences of ocean fertilization, and further st
{"title":"Ocean Fertilization Technology from the perspective of the principles of international environmental law","authors":"Zahra Mahmoudi kordi, masume gholami miansarayi","doi":"10.52547/joc.13.51.10","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.52547/joc.13.51.10","url":null,"abstract":"Background and Theoretical Foundations: Since the 1980s, ocean fertilization has attracted much attention among various methods of climate engineering. Some foreign researchers have examined ocean fertilization from environmental, legal, and commercial perspectives. since 2007, as the London Convention / Protocol regulates ocean fertilization, and then with the adoption of the 2013 Amendment to the London Protocol on this technology, Legal research in this area has been Increased. Although the ocean fertilization process has not yet been widely operated and remains at a limited experimental level, but legal research has been written specifically to examine the conventional position of this technology. The present article aims to explore ocean fertilization technology as one of the methods to deal with global warming, to examine its potential environmental benefits and challenges, and to examine the approach of the principles of international environmental law to this challenging technology. Methodology: Data collection of this research is library method and the procedure is descriptive analytical; Accordingly, after describing the process of ocean fertilization, it is most important environmental consequences have been studied, and finally, how international environmental law has dealt with this emerging technology has been analysed and Finally, we analyze this emerging technology in the context of the principles of international environmental law. Findings: By strengthening the biological pump of the ocean, ocean fertilization as one of the new ways to deal with climate change, seeks to increase the absorption of carbon dioxide by the ocean and ultimately deal with global warming. Countering global warming, increasing of the fish resources, promote marine scientific research and the carbon trade have been cited as potential benefits of ocean fertilization, but in addition to these benefits, the possibility of environmental problems such as ocean acidification, toxic algal blooms and anoxia is not out of the question. The transboundary environmental effects of ocean fertilization — whether in the internal waters It is a testament to the need to intervene of international environmental law to regulate this technology and its consequences. Therefore, in the present article, we intend to examine the role of the principles of international environmental law in responding to issues arising from the ocean fertilization and its regulation and elimination of its treaty gaps. Conclusion: The ocean fertilization can be described as a double edged sword that on the one hand is able to overcome one of the most important environmental challenges of the present age, namely global warming and consequently climate change, and on the other hand is the cause of marine environmental damage. First of all, the findings of the present paper show that, there is insufficient scientific certainty about the environmental consequences of ocean fertilization, and further st","PeriodicalId":16640,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Oceanography","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2022-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"43775578","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Background and Objectives: Coastal physical vulnerability studies were first conducted by Gornitz in 1991 on the west coast of the Atlantic Ocean, and have since been studied extensively in other parts of the world. In this article, determining the severity of physical vulnerability of Sefidrood delta coast, identifying coastal landforms and how they deform over time are the main objectives of the research. Methods: By using the results of field monitoring, interpreting the results of remote sensing studies and digital changes of coastlines in the GIS environment, and by studying the effective criteria in the physical vulnerability of coasts such as: coast slope, type of coastal sediments, type of coastal landforms, rates Coastal line changes, physical vulnerability of Sefidrood delta coast were calculated. Findings: In The results show that the degree of physical vulnerability of Sefidrood delta coast varies in different regions. Areas leading to the western and eastern estuaries of Sefidrud River have the highest physical vulnerability and with increasing distance from the estuary to the west and east, the degree of physical vulnerability gradually decreases. Erosive coastal landforms in the area adjacent to the Sefidrood estuary have been formed as erosive terraces and sand spits have formed in the western and eastern extremities of the Sefidrud delta. Conclusion: The Sefidrood delta is affected by the erosive forces of the Caspian Sea, and the high volume of sedimentation of sandy materials produced by the Sefidrood River under the influence of coastal currents has the ability to create sedimentary landforms such as sand spits in coastal area. Achieving a physical vulnerability map of the White River Delta provides the conditions for making the right decisions in the integrated coastal zone management, and this method can be used for other coastal areas .
{"title":"The evaluating coastal zone Physical vulnerability, Sefidrood River Delta","authors":"H. Khoshravan","doi":"10.52547/joc.13.51.9","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.52547/joc.13.51.9","url":null,"abstract":"Background and Objectives: Coastal physical vulnerability studies were first conducted by Gornitz in 1991 on the west coast of the Atlantic Ocean, and have since been studied extensively in other parts of the world. In this article, determining the severity of physical vulnerability of Sefidrood delta coast, identifying coastal landforms and how they deform over time are the main objectives of the research. Methods: By using the results of field monitoring, interpreting the results of remote sensing studies and digital changes of coastlines in the GIS environment, and by studying the effective criteria in the physical vulnerability of coasts such as: coast slope, type of coastal sediments, type of coastal landforms, rates Coastal line changes, physical vulnerability of Sefidrood delta coast were calculated. Findings: In The results show that the degree of physical vulnerability of Sefidrood delta coast varies in different regions. Areas leading to the western and eastern estuaries of Sefidrud River have the highest physical vulnerability and with increasing distance from the estuary to the west and east, the degree of physical vulnerability gradually decreases. Erosive coastal landforms in the area adjacent to the Sefidrood estuary have been formed as erosive terraces and sand spits have formed in the western and eastern extremities of the Sefidrud delta. Conclusion: The Sefidrood delta is affected by the erosive forces of the Caspian Sea, and the high volume of sedimentation of sandy materials produced by the Sefidrood River under the influence of coastal currents has the ability to create sedimentary landforms such as sand spits in coastal area. Achieving a physical vulnerability map of the White River Delta provides the conditions for making the right decisions in the integrated coastal zone management, and this method can be used for other coastal areas .","PeriodicalId":16640,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Oceanography","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2022-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48395138","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Donya Gharib Khalkhal, Javid Imanpur namin, M. Sattari
ABSTRACT
抽象
{"title":"Concentration of heavy metals in different tissues (muscle, liver, gonad, skin, kidney) of Roach (Rutilus rutilus caspicus) in Guilan coasts of the Caspian Sea","authors":"Donya Gharib Khalkhal, Javid Imanpur namin, M. Sattari","doi":"10.52547/joc.13.51.8","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.52547/joc.13.51.8","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT","PeriodicalId":16640,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Oceanography","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2022-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"46849842","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"First record, taxonomy and temporal/spatial dispersion pattern of species in genus Pontella (Crustacea:Copepoda:Calanoida) from coastal/estuarine waters of Bushehr","authors":"R. Mousavi nadushan, منیر غیاث آبادی","doi":"10.52547/joc.13.51.6","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.52547/joc.13.51.6","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":16640,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Oceanography","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2022-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42758076","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Effectiveness of viscous damper on vibrations control of full -height lattice tower under wave and wind excitations in time-domain","authors":"Marzieh Emami, Reza Dezvareh, S. A. Mousavi","doi":"10.52547/joc.13.51.1","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.52547/joc.13.51.1","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT","PeriodicalId":16640,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Oceanography","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2022-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"70690100","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Analyzing Inter-Volatility Structure to Determine Optimum Hedging Ratio for the Ship Fuel","authors":"Mohmmad Amin Kouhbor, H. Yousefi","doi":"10.52547/joc.13.51.4","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.52547/joc.13.51.4","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT","PeriodicalId":16640,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Oceanography","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2022-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44923770","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Background and Objectives: The Oligo-Miocene marine deposits (Qom Formation) have been widely spread in the Central Iran Zone. According to economic value of these marine deposits, this Formation studied by several researchers. While there are many differences opinion among researchers. For this reason, to solve the existing ambiguities, it is necessary to study with new tools and techniques. Therefore, the present study is the first study aimed at biostratigraphy based on calcareous nannoplankton that has been performed on all succession exposed from the Oligo-Miocene marine deposits (members a to f of the Qom Formation). Methods: The studied deposits are located in the middle part of the Central Iran Zone and more precisely in the Navab anticline (northeast of Kashan city), which has a thickness of 417 meters. Due to the location and expansion of all members in this section, it has been a very suitable area for biostratigraphic assessments comparable to world standard models. In this study, a total of 370 microscopic slides prepared from rock samples were studied to the determination of the calcareous nannoplankton and accurately separate world standard biological zones. Findings: The present study led to the identification of 72 species belonging to 18 genera of this valuable group of the planktonic micro-organisms. According to the identified index species, standard nannoplankton biozones of the NP25 and NN1-NN4 were separated from this surface section of the Qom Formation. In addition, the equivalent biozones such as CNO5-6, CNM1- CNM6 as well as zones and subzones CP19b, CN1a, b, c, CN2- CN3, which belonging to the newest biozonation patterns, were also separated in this study. Conclusion: Therefore, based on the geological time value of the separated biozones, the age of late Chattian to late Burdigalian-early Langhian was proposed for the Qom Formation in the Navab anticline section. In this study, for the first time, the important chronostratigraphic boundaries such as the Paleogene- Neogene system boundary (or Chattian-Aquitanian stage boundary) in the upper parts of sub-member "c1", the Aquitanian- Burdigalian stage boundary at the base of member "e" and Burdigalian- Langhian in the upper part of member "f", were disaggregated based on biostratigraphic criteria.
{"title":"Biostratigraphy of Oligo-Miocene marine deposits of Central Iran basin based on calcareous nannoplanktons","authors":"M. Parandavar, F. Hadavi, Sayed Ali Aghanabati","doi":"10.52547/joc.13.51.2","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.52547/joc.13.51.2","url":null,"abstract":"Background and Objectives: The Oligo-Miocene marine deposits (Qom Formation) have been widely spread in the Central Iran Zone. According to economic value of these marine deposits, this Formation studied by several researchers. While there are many differences opinion among researchers. For this reason, to solve the existing ambiguities, it is necessary to study with new tools and techniques. Therefore, the present study is the first study aimed at biostratigraphy based on calcareous nannoplankton that has been performed on all succession exposed from the Oligo-Miocene marine deposits (members a to f of the Qom Formation). Methods: The studied deposits are located in the middle part of the Central Iran Zone and more precisely in the Navab anticline (northeast of Kashan city), which has a thickness of 417 meters. Due to the location and expansion of all members in this section, it has been a very suitable area for biostratigraphic assessments comparable to world standard models. In this study, a total of 370 microscopic slides prepared from rock samples were studied to the determination of the calcareous nannoplankton and accurately separate world standard biological zones. Findings: The present study led to the identification of 72 species belonging to 18 genera of this valuable group of the planktonic micro-organisms. According to the identified index species, standard nannoplankton biozones of the NP25 and NN1-NN4 were separated from this surface section of the Qom Formation. In addition, the equivalent biozones such as CNO5-6, CNM1- CNM6 as well as zones and subzones CP19b, CN1a, b, c, CN2- CN3, which belonging to the newest biozonation patterns, were also separated in this study. Conclusion: Therefore, based on the geological time value of the separated biozones, the age of late Chattian to late Burdigalian-early Langhian was proposed for the Qom Formation in the Navab anticline section. In this study, for the first time, the important chronostratigraphic boundaries such as the Paleogene- Neogene system boundary (or Chattian-Aquitanian stage boundary) in the upper parts of sub-member \"c1\", the Aquitanian- Burdigalian stage boundary at the base of member \"e\" and Burdigalian- Langhian in the upper part of member \"f\", were disaggregated based on biostratigraphic criteria.","PeriodicalId":16640,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Oceanography","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2022-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42796894","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
M. Alimoradi, M. Baaghideh, A. Entezari, Mohsen Hamidianpour, Teimour Aminirad
Background and Objectives: Coral ecosystems, like other natural habitats, are under the influence of global warming. Every year we see the bleaching of corals in different parts of the world. Since the physical parameters of seawater are affected by meteorological phenomena, so in this study using ten-year data of oceanographic buoys, the effect of physical parameters of seawater including water surface temperature, salinity, acidity and electrical conductivity on the phenomenon of bleaching of branching corals in Chabahar Bay was investigated. Methods: For this purpose, the trend of multi-year data of marine parameters was determined by non-parametric Mann-Kendall test. In the next step, the Pearson correlation test showed the correlation between seawater parameters and choreographed Zooxanthellae algae color score data as a coral health index produced by the authors during long-term diving operations using the Coral Watch method. Findings: The results of this study showed that among the four parameters: water surface temperature, electrical conductivity, acidity and salinity, the highest correlation and the most effective independent variable in multivariate regression between coral health and seawater parameters is concern to EC. Conclusion: Due to the insignificance of the increasing trend of water surface temperature in previous years and the existence of a significant negative correlation at the level of 0.01 between the health status of corals and water surface temperature, fortunately, the branching corals of Chabahar Bay have been in good condition. As human and sea pollutants are controlled in the coming years. We will see the survival of this valuable ecosystem.
{"title":"Investigation of the effect of physical parameters of seawater on the health of branching corals in Chabahar Bay","authors":"M. Alimoradi, M. Baaghideh, A. Entezari, Mohsen Hamidianpour, Teimour Aminirad","doi":"10.52547/joc.13.51.3","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.52547/joc.13.51.3","url":null,"abstract":"Background and Objectives: Coral ecosystems, like other natural habitats, are under the influence of global warming. Every year we see the bleaching of corals in different parts of the world. Since the physical parameters of seawater are affected by meteorological phenomena, so in this study using ten-year data of oceanographic buoys, the effect of physical parameters of seawater including water surface temperature, salinity, acidity and electrical conductivity on the phenomenon of bleaching of branching corals in Chabahar Bay was investigated. Methods: For this purpose, the trend of multi-year data of marine parameters was determined by non-parametric Mann-Kendall test. In the next step, the Pearson correlation test showed the correlation between seawater parameters and choreographed Zooxanthellae algae color score data as a coral health index produced by the authors during long-term diving operations using the Coral Watch method. Findings: The results of this study showed that among the four parameters: water surface temperature, electrical conductivity, acidity and salinity, the highest correlation and the most effective independent variable in multivariate regression between coral health and seawater parameters is concern to EC. Conclusion: Due to the insignificance of the increasing trend of water surface temperature in previous years and the existence of a significant negative correlation at the level of 0.01 between the health status of corals and water surface temperature, fortunately, the branching corals of Chabahar Bay have been in good condition. As human and sea pollutants are controlled in the coming years. We will see the survival of this valuable ecosystem.","PeriodicalId":16640,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Oceanography","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2022-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"45727950","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
京公网安备 11010802042870号
京ICP备2023020795号-1
扫码关注我们
求助内容：
应助结果提醒方式：