Pub Date : 2022-05-21DOI: 10.21608/jesaun.2022.127095.1122
M. Saied, M. Abu zeid, Mostafa A. Abdel Naiem
Structures constructed on soft soils may undergo significant settlement, local or global instability, and a significant lateral displacement of the soft soil layer. Ordinary stone columns (OSC) and stone columns strengthened with geosynthetic reinforcement reduce settlement and improve the subsoil's bearing capacity. Numerical analyses have been performed using a 3-dimensional finite element program (PLAXIS3D) to investigate the time-dependent behavior of embankments resting on stone columns constructed in very soft clay. The geosynthetic encasement is the more typical type of reinforcement; however, laminated layers can be adopted in this study. The geosynthetics material was used to strengthen the OSC in the form of vertical encasement, horizontal stripes, and combined vertical-horizontal reinforcement and vertical-basal geogrid reinforcement (BGR). This research compares these forms of reinforcement on embankment behavior. The research results showed that using the encased stone column (ESC) and the vertical-horizontal reinforced stone columns (V-HRSC) have provided a considerable improvement in the lateral deformation of the column over its length, generation, and dissipation of excess pore pressure, and settlement. An increase in factor of safety (FOS) against failure of the embankment was observed by 53% using the ESC compared to untreated soil. Using the horizontal geosynthetic layer (HGL) and the (BGR) after encasing the stone columns has no effect on the safety factor as the failure mechanism converted from deep-seated to surface failure.
{"title":"Numerical Study of the Behaviour of Embankment Constructed over Soft Soil Stabilized with Ordinary and Geosynthetic - Reinforced Stone Columns","authors":"M. Saied, M. Abu zeid, Mostafa A. Abdel Naiem","doi":"10.21608/jesaun.2022.127095.1122","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21608/jesaun.2022.127095.1122","url":null,"abstract":"Structures constructed on soft soils may undergo significant settlement, local or global instability, and a significant lateral displacement of the soft soil layer. Ordinary stone columns (OSC) and stone columns strengthened with geosynthetic reinforcement reduce settlement and improve the subsoil's bearing capacity. Numerical analyses have been performed using a 3-dimensional finite element program (PLAXIS3D) to investigate the time-dependent behavior of embankments resting on stone columns constructed in very soft clay. The geosynthetic encasement is the more typical type of reinforcement; however, laminated layers can be adopted in this study. The geosynthetics material was used to strengthen the OSC in the form of vertical encasement, horizontal stripes, and combined vertical-horizontal reinforcement and vertical-basal geogrid reinforcement (BGR). This research compares these forms of reinforcement on embankment behavior. The research results showed that using the encased stone column (ESC) and the vertical-horizontal reinforced stone columns (V-HRSC) have provided a considerable improvement in the lateral deformation of the column over its length, generation, and dissipation of excess pore pressure, and settlement. An increase in factor of safety (FOS) against failure of the embankment was observed by 53% using the ESC compared to untreated soil. Using the horizontal geosynthetic layer (HGL) and the (BGR) after encasing the stone columns has no effect on the safety factor as the failure mechanism converted from deep-seated to surface failure.","PeriodicalId":166670,"journal":{"name":"JES. Journal of Engineering Sciences","volume":"7 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-05-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"129129260","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-05-11DOI: 10.21608/jesaun.2022.114295.1105
G. Dawod, H. Mohamed, Ghada Haggag
Sea Level Rise (SLR) is a vital outcome of the environmental global warming phenomenon. This paper aims to investigate the basic properties of tides in Alexandria, Egypt and to analyze SLR in Egypt over a long period to examine the differences in Egypt's vertical geodetic datum. The annual relative SLR at Alexandria between 1906 and 2020 was found to be 2.6 mm/year. Moreover, the relative SLR has been 3.1 mm/y for the last two decades, 2001-2020. It could be considered the most appropriate value to be taken into consideration in Egypt's coastal management activities. Carrying out additional investigations is suggested to investigate possible major variations of MSL in Egypt at other TG sites over both the Mediterranean and Red seas. Based on available data and accomplished results, it is recommended to regard Egypt's MSL datum as a semi-kinematic rather than a fixed one.
{"title":"Mean Sea Level and Tides Variations at Alexandria, Egypt over 1906-2020","authors":"G. Dawod, H. Mohamed, Ghada Haggag","doi":"10.21608/jesaun.2022.114295.1105","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21608/jesaun.2022.114295.1105","url":null,"abstract":"Sea Level Rise (SLR) is a vital outcome of the environmental global warming phenomenon. This paper aims to investigate the basic properties of tides in Alexandria, Egypt and to analyze SLR in Egypt over a long period to examine the differences in Egypt's vertical geodetic datum. The annual relative SLR at Alexandria between 1906 and 2020 was found to be 2.6 mm/year. Moreover, the relative SLR has been 3.1 mm/y for the last two decades, 2001-2020. It could be considered the most appropriate value to be taken into consideration in Egypt's coastal management activities. Carrying out additional investigations is suggested to investigate possible major variations of MSL in Egypt at other TG sites over both the Mediterranean and Red seas. Based on available data and accomplished results, it is recommended to regard Egypt's MSL datum as a semi-kinematic rather than a fixed one.","PeriodicalId":166670,"journal":{"name":"JES. Journal of Engineering Sciences","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-05-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"130658918","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-05-09DOI: 10.21608/jesaun.2022.114553.1106
Mohamad S Eissa, A. Megahed, M. Rashwan, O. Farghal
Proceeding from the saying of our God almighty on his book, the holy Qur'an: "Then ignite for me, O Hāmān, (a fire) upon the clay (From which bricks are made) and make for me a tower....". In addition to, our duty as civil engineers, we must work continually to develop cement admixtures, to reduce the negative impact during its manufacture. Therefore, this paper presents an investigation on, using calcined ball-clay (CBC) as mineral pozzolanic admixture for concrete production. CBC is obtained from calcination processes for local ball-clay at specified conditions. To evaluate ball-clay calcination process, various temperatures (600–900 ºC) and burning durations (2, 3 and 4 hours) are used and the optimum temperature and burning time for calcination are assessed by strength activity index at age of 28 days. The hardened properties development of concrete mixtures containing 0%, 10%, 15% and 20% CBC as cement partial replacement are analysed in terms of compressive strength at 7, 28, 90 and 180 days, water absorption, ultrasonic pulse velocity and electrical resistivity. In addition, microstructure by XRD of the cement pastes incorporating CBC was studied. The results showed that the optimum calcination process to obtain CBC are carried out at temperature 800 °C for 4 hours. The replacement of cement by 10% of CBC is an optimal dosage for concrete mixtures since it achieved an increase of compressive strength by 28% as compared with control one. Therefore, adding CBC can lead to a beneficial utilization of natural local resources, which reduces energy consumption and minimizes CO 2 footprint during the manufacturing of cement concrete, thus, concrete can become an eco-friendly and sustainable material.
{"title":"Development of A New Local Mineral Admixture for Enhancing Concrete properties","authors":"Mohamad S Eissa, A. Megahed, M. Rashwan, O. Farghal","doi":"10.21608/jesaun.2022.114553.1106","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21608/jesaun.2022.114553.1106","url":null,"abstract":"Proceeding from the saying of our God almighty on his book, the holy Qur'an: \"Then ignite for me, O Hāmān, (a fire) upon the clay (From which bricks are made) and make for me a tower....\". In addition to, our duty as civil engineers, we must work continually to develop cement admixtures, to reduce the negative impact during its manufacture. Therefore, this paper presents an investigation on, using calcined ball-clay (CBC) as mineral pozzolanic admixture for concrete production. CBC is obtained from calcination processes for local ball-clay at specified conditions. To evaluate ball-clay calcination process, various temperatures (600–900 ºC) and burning durations (2, 3 and 4 hours) are used and the optimum temperature and burning time for calcination are assessed by strength activity index at age of 28 days. The hardened properties development of concrete mixtures containing 0%, 10%, 15% and 20% CBC as cement partial replacement are analysed in terms of compressive strength at 7, 28, 90 and 180 days, water absorption, ultrasonic pulse velocity and electrical resistivity. In addition, microstructure by XRD of the cement pastes incorporating CBC was studied. The results showed that the optimum calcination process to obtain CBC are carried out at temperature 800 °C for 4 hours. The replacement of cement by 10% of CBC is an optimal dosage for concrete mixtures since it achieved an increase of compressive strength by 28% as compared with control one. Therefore, adding CBC can lead to a beneficial utilization of natural local resources, which reduces energy consumption and minimizes CO 2 footprint during the manufacturing of cement concrete, thus, concrete can become an eco-friendly and sustainable material.","PeriodicalId":166670,"journal":{"name":"JES. Journal of Engineering Sciences","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-05-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"128288622","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-05-05DOI: 10.21608/jesaun.2022.115375.1108
Mohamed Ahmed, Gaber Ahmed Taha, Khalil Ibrahim, M. Mohamed, Hossam Zeen Elabedeen
The Brix value is an important factor in the sugar industry's extraction processes. Brix refers to the amount of sucrose in the raw sugar solution. The concentration of dissolved solids in a solution is measured by the degree Brix (symbol °Bx). One gram of sucrose in 100 grams of solution equals one-degree Brix. a New Suggested method for measuring brix was designed to be low-cost and accurate Brix measuring in raw sugar solutions. it was depended on electronic sensors can directly measure the mass and temperature of the sugary solution to express the brix and give the result on the screen. Digital suggested brixmeter was made based on this method. It can be used manually on the production line and in various food industries. The aim of this paper was to evaluate the digital brixmeter performance for measuring brix in raw sugar solutions. Brix measurements were tested for a group of samples at different sizes to find the optimal measurement sizes can verify accurate brix degree value. The factors affecting the accuracy of the measurement were also studied. The results were compared with the brix read from accurate optical refractometer to check and a prove the accuracy of the proposed digital brixmeter .
{"title":"Evaluation of Digital Brixmeter Performance for Brix Measurement In Raw Sugar Solution","authors":"Mohamed Ahmed, Gaber Ahmed Taha, Khalil Ibrahim, M. Mohamed, Hossam Zeen Elabedeen","doi":"10.21608/jesaun.2022.115375.1108","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21608/jesaun.2022.115375.1108","url":null,"abstract":"The Brix value is an important factor in the sugar industry's extraction processes. Brix refers to the amount of sucrose in the raw sugar solution. The concentration of dissolved solids in a solution is measured by the degree Brix (symbol °Bx). One gram of sucrose in 100 grams of solution equals one-degree Brix. a New Suggested method for measuring brix was designed to be low-cost and accurate Brix measuring in raw sugar solutions. it was depended on electronic sensors can directly measure the mass and temperature of the sugary solution to express the brix and give the result on the screen. Digital suggested brixmeter was made based on this method. It can be used manually on the production line and in various food industries. The aim of this paper was to evaluate the digital brixmeter performance for measuring brix in raw sugar solutions. Brix measurements were tested for a group of samples at different sizes to find the optimal measurement sizes can verify accurate brix degree value. The factors affecting the accuracy of the measurement were also studied. The results were compared with the brix read from accurate optical refractometer to check and a prove the accuracy of the proposed digital brixmeter .","PeriodicalId":166670,"journal":{"name":"JES. Journal of Engineering Sciences","volume":"19 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-05-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"134435520","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-05-03DOI: 10.21608/jesaun.2022.135176.1131
Hamed M. Gamil, Mostafa M. Elbeblawi, M. Ahmed, M. T. Mohamed
Marble is one of the most important materials in the field of interior design for houses and buildings. Marble is a natural material with aesthetic values that may vary from one type to another depending on its mineral compositions and its properties. In this research, the necessary tests were done for six types of Egyptian marble to (The main aims of this research) are: To compare the differences between geological, chemical, physical, and mechanical properties of the same marble type in the different areas and to quantify the different characteristics and uses of selected marble types. The tests were physical, mechanical (according to ASTM standards), chemical, as well as petrography analysis. It was found that: South Sinai Teriesta marble samples had the highest values of major oxides, as SiO 2 1.03%, MgO 0.638%, Al 2 O 3 0.355%, Fe 2 O 3 0.339%, and the lowest value of CaO 54.6%, compared with other studied marble types. Zaafarana marble samples had the lowest values of water absorption with average of 0.356% and the apparent porosity with average of 0.894%, the highest average values of: bulk density 2.729 gm/cm3, abrasion resistance 2.345, and compressive strength 100.29 MPa compared with other studied marble types. Elminya Selvia marble samples had the highest values of water absorption with average of 1.488% and the apparent porosity with average of 3.770%., the lowest average values of: bulk density with 2.468 gm/cm3, abrasion resistance 1.145, and compressive strength 41.37 MPa. Modulus of rupture ranged from 7.2 to 13.8 MPa, for dry and wet conditions and the flexural strength ranged from 6.4 to 12.25 MPa, for dry and wet conditions. It was cleared that Red Sea Zaafarana marble is the strongest type and Elminya Selvia marble is the weakest one. aluminium oxide, 0.157% iron oxide, 0.875% silicon oxide, and traces of other elements. The grain size of this type is very fine to medium grained, and its colour is light beige. The average values of physic-mechanical tests results are water absorption is 1.19 % of its volume, apparent porosity is 3.18%, bulk density is 2.68 gm/cm3, abrasion resistance is 1.31, loss of thickness is 2.37 mm, dry and wet compressive strength are 54.21 MPa and 45.84 MPa respectively, dry, and wet modulus of rupture are 9.86 MPa and 7.81 MPa respectively, and dry and wet flexural strength are 9.52 MPa and 7.59 MPa respectively. The type of salvia contains 57.5% calcium oxide, 0.096% magnesium oxide, 0.049% aluminium oxide, 0.041% iron oxide, 0.188% silicon oxide, and traces of other elements. The grain size of this type is very fine to medium grained, and its colour is light beige. The average values of physic mechanical tests results are water absorption is 1.49% of its volume, apparent porosity is 3.77%, bulk density is 2.47 gm/cm3, abrasion resistance is 1.15, loss of thickness is 2.74 mm, dry and wet compressive strength are 41.37 MPa and 36.93 MPa respectively, dry, and wet modulus of rupture are 8.1 MPa and 8
{"title":"TESTING AND ASSESSMENT OF SOME EGYPTIAN MARBLE TYPES","authors":"Hamed M. Gamil, Mostafa M. Elbeblawi, M. Ahmed, M. T. Mohamed","doi":"10.21608/jesaun.2022.135176.1131","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21608/jesaun.2022.135176.1131","url":null,"abstract":"Marble is one of the most important materials in the field of interior design for houses and buildings. Marble is a natural material with aesthetic values that may vary from one type to another depending on its mineral compositions and its properties. In this research, the necessary tests were done for six types of Egyptian marble to (The main aims of this research) are: To compare the differences between geological, chemical, physical, and mechanical properties of the same marble type in the different areas and to quantify the different characteristics and uses of selected marble types. The tests were physical, mechanical (according to ASTM standards), chemical, as well as petrography analysis. It was found that: South Sinai Teriesta marble samples had the highest values of major oxides, as SiO 2 1.03%, MgO 0.638%, Al 2 O 3 0.355%, Fe 2 O 3 0.339%, and the lowest value of CaO 54.6%, compared with other studied marble types. Zaafarana marble samples had the lowest values of water absorption with average of 0.356% and the apparent porosity with average of 0.894%, the highest average values of: bulk density 2.729 gm/cm3, abrasion resistance 2.345, and compressive strength 100.29 MPa compared with other studied marble types. Elminya Selvia marble samples had the highest values of water absorption with average of 1.488% and the apparent porosity with average of 3.770%., the lowest average values of: bulk density with 2.468 gm/cm3, abrasion resistance 1.145, and compressive strength 41.37 MPa. Modulus of rupture ranged from 7.2 to 13.8 MPa, for dry and wet conditions and the flexural strength ranged from 6.4 to 12.25 MPa, for dry and wet conditions. It was cleared that Red Sea Zaafarana marble is the strongest type and Elminya Selvia marble is the weakest one. aluminium oxide, 0.157% iron oxide, 0.875% silicon oxide, and traces of other elements. The grain size of this type is very fine to medium grained, and its colour is light beige. The average values of physic-mechanical tests results are water absorption is 1.19 % of its volume, apparent porosity is 3.18%, bulk density is 2.68 gm/cm3, abrasion resistance is 1.31, loss of thickness is 2.37 mm, dry and wet compressive strength are 54.21 MPa and 45.84 MPa respectively, dry, and wet modulus of rupture are 9.86 MPa and 7.81 MPa respectively, and dry and wet flexural strength are 9.52 MPa and 7.59 MPa respectively. The type of salvia contains 57.5% calcium oxide, 0.096% magnesium oxide, 0.049% aluminium oxide, 0.041% iron oxide, 0.188% silicon oxide, and traces of other elements. The grain size of this type is very fine to medium grained, and its colour is light beige. The average values of physic mechanical tests results are water absorption is 1.49% of its volume, apparent porosity is 3.77%, bulk density is 2.47 gm/cm3, abrasion resistance is 1.15, loss of thickness is 2.74 mm, dry and wet compressive strength are 41.37 MPa and 36.93 MPa respectively, dry, and wet modulus of rupture are 8.1 MPa and 8","PeriodicalId":166670,"journal":{"name":"JES. Journal of Engineering Sciences","volume":"324 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-05-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"122708999","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-04-27DOI: 10.21608/jesaun.2022.59895.1030
S. Abdelaziz, M. Gad, H. Ahmed
Good management of flash floods requires accurate estimation for both the hazard degrees and flood risk maps. Morphological parameters greatly affect the strength of flood’s hydrograph and accordingly the flash flood hazard degree. This study uses decision-making tools such as Multi Criteria Analysis (MCA) and/or Multi-Attribute Utility Theory (MAUT) to estimate the Gulf of Suez’s flash flood hazard degree, Sinai Peninsula, Egypt. The MAUT was applied successfully in estimating the hazard degrees of 56 basins in the coastal zone of the Suez Gulf. Based on the resulted correlation between all hydro-morphological parameters, only six equal weight parameters were selected and used to calculate the hazard degree. The results showed that, about 40 % of the 56 basins have high or moderately high hazard degree. Values of the correlation factors between the hydro-morphological parameters and the resulted hazard degrees are ranged between 0.813 for basin’s Sinuosity and 0.011 for Centroid Stream Slope. The weights of those parameters were non-linearly optimized to make the correlation of all chosen parameters with the hazard degree higher than or equal to the threshold value (0.6). Accordingly, percentage of basins with high or moderately high hazard degree have decreased to 32 %. Capability and validation of current model have been achieved using the damage information of some flood events in the last few decades. The comparison between current model’s scenarios and flood events showed that, all the affected basins that had high or moderated high hazard degree are highly coincide with the real cases.
{"title":"Flash Floods Hazard Degrees Assessment Applying Multi-Attributes Utility Theory for Gulf of Suez Basins, Egypt","authors":"S. Abdelaziz, M. Gad, H. Ahmed","doi":"10.21608/jesaun.2022.59895.1030","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21608/jesaun.2022.59895.1030","url":null,"abstract":"Good management of flash floods requires accurate estimation for both the hazard degrees and flood risk maps. Morphological parameters greatly affect the strength of flood’s hydrograph and accordingly the flash flood hazard degree. This study uses decision-making tools such as Multi Criteria Analysis (MCA) and/or Multi-Attribute Utility Theory (MAUT) to estimate the Gulf of Suez’s flash flood hazard degree, Sinai Peninsula, Egypt. The MAUT was applied successfully in estimating the hazard degrees of 56 basins in the coastal zone of the Suez Gulf. Based on the resulted correlation between all hydro-morphological parameters, only six equal weight parameters were selected and used to calculate the hazard degree. The results showed that, about 40 % of the 56 basins have high or moderately high hazard degree. Values of the correlation factors between the hydro-morphological parameters and the resulted hazard degrees are ranged between 0.813 for basin’s Sinuosity and 0.011 for Centroid Stream Slope. The weights of those parameters were non-linearly optimized to make the correlation of all chosen parameters with the hazard degree higher than or equal to the threshold value (0.6). Accordingly, percentage of basins with high or moderately high hazard degree have decreased to 32 %. Capability and validation of current model have been achieved using the damage information of some flood events in the last few decades. The comparison between current model’s scenarios and flood events showed that, all the affected basins that had high or moderated high hazard degree are highly coincide with the real cases.","PeriodicalId":166670,"journal":{"name":"JES. Journal of Engineering Sciences","volume":"14 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-04-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"131493201","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-04-27DOI: 10.21608/jesaun.2022.121021.1115
A. Tohamy, R. Sadeek, A. Saddek, S. Badran, A. El-Serwi
{"title":"Behavior Of Trapezoidal Corrugated Girders webs with cutouts: Experimental and Analytical Solution","authors":"A. Tohamy, R. Sadeek, A. Saddek, S. Badran, A. El-Serwi","doi":"10.21608/jesaun.2022.121021.1115","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21608/jesaun.2022.121021.1115","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":166670,"journal":{"name":"JES. Journal of Engineering Sciences","volume":"392 ","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-04-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"113998187","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-03-22DOI: 10.21608/jesaun.2022.90196.1070
A. Drar, K. Samie
{"title":"NUMERICAL STUDY OF CONCRETE DEEP BEAMS REINFORCED BY INCLINED WEB STIRRUPS","authors":"A. Drar, K. Samie","doi":"10.21608/jesaun.2022.90196.1070","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21608/jesaun.2022.90196.1070","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":166670,"journal":{"name":"JES. Journal of Engineering Sciences","volume":"15 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-03-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"122372892","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-03-06DOI: 10.21608/jesaun.2022.124056.1121
Hanan Hosni Badr, Ali Abdel Rahman Gad, A. Farghaly
Chlorine disinfection in traditional water treatment plants is a popular and low-cost method for disinfecting raw water before it is distributed to consumers in Egypt. Nevertheless, the chlorination process in the presence of natural organic matter and decreased water quality due to uncontrollable population results in formation of high concentrations of carcinogenic disinfection by-products, from which trihalomethanes (THMs). In this paper, the water quality of Assiut drinking water network (ADWN) was assessed in terms of THMs studying different water quality parameters. An extended period simulation based on a modelling software WaterGEMS was employed to obtain the critical locations to be examined according to key parameters namely: water age, residual chlorine concentration, water velocity, and type of storage. The study concluded that THMs concentrations from all critical locations in Assiut drinking water network would not go over the Egyptian regulatory threshold and US Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) guidelines. Some locations in ADWN showed zero residual chlorine concentration at different times a day. It is recommended that more chlorine injection points should be installed in various locations based on water quality modelling and in-field analysis. Even more, an investigated domestic roof tank should be critically operated under a planned scheme of monitoring and maintenance due to its deteriorated water quality. A wash valve chamber should be installed in the surrounding area of ElMolimen water treatment plant, that would be periodically employed by the central operator to clean the network at those locations.
{"title":"ASSESSMENT OF WATER QUALITY IN CHLORINATED DRINKING WATER DISTRIBUTION NETWORKS REGARDING TO TRIHALOMETHANES FORMATION","authors":"Hanan Hosni Badr, Ali Abdel Rahman Gad, A. Farghaly","doi":"10.21608/jesaun.2022.124056.1121","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21608/jesaun.2022.124056.1121","url":null,"abstract":"Chlorine disinfection in traditional water treatment plants is a popular and low-cost method for disinfecting raw water before it is distributed to consumers in Egypt. Nevertheless, the chlorination process in the presence of natural organic matter and decreased water quality due to uncontrollable population results in formation of high concentrations of carcinogenic disinfection by-products, from which trihalomethanes (THMs). In this paper, the water quality of Assiut drinking water network (ADWN) was assessed in terms of THMs studying different water quality parameters. An extended period simulation based on a modelling software WaterGEMS was employed to obtain the critical locations to be examined according to key parameters namely: water age, residual chlorine concentration, water velocity, and type of storage. The study concluded that THMs concentrations from all critical locations in Assiut drinking water network would not go over the Egyptian regulatory threshold and US Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) guidelines. Some locations in ADWN showed zero residual chlorine concentration at different times a day. It is recommended that more chlorine injection points should be installed in various locations based on water quality modelling and in-field analysis. Even more, an investigated domestic roof tank should be critically operated under a planned scheme of monitoring and maintenance due to its deteriorated water quality. A wash valve chamber should be installed in the surrounding area of ElMolimen water treatment plant, that would be periodically employed by the central operator to clean the network at those locations.","PeriodicalId":166670,"journal":{"name":"JES. Journal of Engineering Sciences","volume":"601 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-03-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"130990308","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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