Özlem Terzi, Nuran Karabulut, Ezgi Paslı Uysalol, Ayşe Gonca Kaçar, Hüseyin Avni Solgun, Saide Ertürk, Halil İbrahim Şimşek, Cengiz Bayram, Ali Ayçiçek
Abstract Objective The role of respiratory viral pathogens (RVPs) in children with cancer having febrile neutropenic (FEN) episodes has not been well studied. The objectives of this study were to investigate the prevalence and clinical outcomes of RVP in this group. Methods Pediatric patients with cancer and an episode of FEN, presenting between March 2021 and March 2022 were included. All data were retrospectively retrieved from patient files. A throat swab sample was obtained for the detection of 17 RVPs and evaluated by a polymerase chain reaction (PCR) method. Results A total of 110 (male n = 76; 69.1%) patients with a mean ± standard deviation age of 6.68 ± 4.92 years were included. Reproduction in PCR was seen in 76 (69.1%) children. Rhinovirus (31.6%) and respiratory syncytial virus (15.8%) were the most frequently detected viruses. Mixed respiratory viruses (coinfections of ≥2 viruses) were only seen in 13%. The median (range) duration of hospitalization was 11 (2–143) days, and 8.2% of the children were admitted to the pediatric intensive care unit (PICU). The median (range) length of stay (LOS) in the PICU was 8 (1–100) days. Overall mortality rate was 3.6%. There was no significant difference in LOS in the hospital, rate of admission to PICU, LOS in the PICU, and the mortality rate between children with and without growth in PCR (p > 0.05). Conclusion There was high prevalence of RVP in children with cancer and FEN. However, given that having a positive RVP does not affect LOS in the hospital/PICU or disease severity, in this population, there was no association between positive PCR findings and clinical features investigated or outcome.
{"title":"A Retrospective Study of the Association between Respiratory Tract Viral PCR Panel Results and Clinical Outcomes in Children with Cancer and Febrile Neutropenia and Review of the Literature","authors":"Özlem Terzi, Nuran Karabulut, Ezgi Paslı Uysalol, Ayşe Gonca Kaçar, Hüseyin Avni Solgun, Saide Ertürk, Halil İbrahim Şimşek, Cengiz Bayram, Ali Ayçiçek","doi":"10.1055/s-0043-1775839","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1055/s-0043-1775839","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract Objective The role of respiratory viral pathogens (RVPs) in children with cancer having febrile neutropenic (FEN) episodes has not been well studied. The objectives of this study were to investigate the prevalence and clinical outcomes of RVP in this group. Methods Pediatric patients with cancer and an episode of FEN, presenting between March 2021 and March 2022 were included. All data were retrospectively retrieved from patient files. A throat swab sample was obtained for the detection of 17 RVPs and evaluated by a polymerase chain reaction (PCR) method. Results A total of 110 (male n = 76; 69.1%) patients with a mean ± standard deviation age of 6.68 ± 4.92 years were included. Reproduction in PCR was seen in 76 (69.1%) children. Rhinovirus (31.6%) and respiratory syncytial virus (15.8%) were the most frequently detected viruses. Mixed respiratory viruses (coinfections of ≥2 viruses) were only seen in 13%. The median (range) duration of hospitalization was 11 (2–143) days, and 8.2% of the children were admitted to the pediatric intensive care unit (PICU). The median (range) length of stay (LOS) in the PICU was 8 (1–100) days. Overall mortality rate was 3.6%. There was no significant difference in LOS in the hospital, rate of admission to PICU, LOS in the PICU, and the mortality rate between children with and without growth in PCR (p > 0.05). Conclusion There was high prevalence of RVP in children with cancer and FEN. However, given that having a positive RVP does not affect LOS in the hospital/PICU or disease severity, in this population, there was no association between positive PCR findings and clinical features investigated or outcome.","PeriodicalId":16739,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Pediatric infectious diseases","volume":"14 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-10-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"136079540","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Abstract Objective This article assesses the incidence, risk factors, and outcomes of ventilator-associated pneumonia (VAP) in pediatric intensive care unit (PICU) patients in western Saudi Arabia. Methods A retrospective cohort study enrolled 375 children admitted to the PICU of King Abdulaziz University Hospital, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia. The study data involves clinical assessment of pediatric patients admitted to the PICU who received mechanical ventilation for ≥ 48 hours to monitor the primary outcome of developing VAP. Statistical analysis with univariate and multivariate analysis, a chi-square test, and a logistic regression model were used to analyze the risk factors associated with VAP. Results The VAP incidence among 375 enrolled patients was estimated to be 29.1% (95% class interval = 24.5–34.0%), accounting for 73.6 cases per 1,000 ventilator days. An approximately 1.4-fold increased mortality risk was observed in VAP cases with no statistical significance (p = 0.248). VAP incidence was independently associated with age groups 0 to 30 days (odds ratio [OR] = 6.88, p = 0.001), 1 to 12 months (OR = 4.55, p = 0.003), and > 6 years (OR = 3.45, p = 0.038), in addition to the nasogastric tube (OR = 2.23, p = 0.019), bronchoscopy (OR = 6.28, p = 0.001), and longer ICU stay including 4 to 7 days (OR = 4.08, p = 0.002) and > 7 days (OR = 4.96, p = 0.002). Conclusion Given the observed high incidence of VAP, it is imperative to urgently enhance our preventive strategies and rigorously scrutinize VAP risk factors within the institution. Extra precautions and specific risk identification may be warranted in high-risk age groups. Our findings underscore the necessity for a comprehensive assessment of risk factors and etiological agents, aligning them with incidence rates. This proactive approach would facilitate the early implementation of strategic interventions and practices, potentially reducing VAP development.
摘要目的评估沙特阿拉伯西部儿童重症监护病房(PICU)患者呼吸机相关性肺炎(VAP)的发病率、危险因素和结局。方法对沙特阿拉伯吉达阿卜杜勒阿齐兹国王大学医院PICU收治的375例患儿进行回顾性队列研究。研究数据包括对PICU收治的接受机械通气≥48小时的儿科患者进行临床评估，以监测发生VAP的主要结局。采用单因素和多因素统计分析、卡方检验和logistic回归模型分析与VAP相关的危险因素。结果375例入组患者VAP发生率为29.1%(95%分类间隔= 24.5 ~ 34.0%)，占73.6例/ 1000呼吸机d。VAP患者死亡风险增加约1.4倍，但无统计学意义(p = 0.248)。VAP发病率与0 ~ 30天(比值比[OR] = 6.88, p = 0.001)、1 ~ 12个月(比值比[OR] = 4.55, p = 0.003)和>6年(OR = 3.45, p = 0.038)，除鼻胃管(OR = 2.23, p = 0.019)，支气管镜检查(OR = 6.28, p = 0.001)外，ICU住院时间更长，包括4至7天(OR = 4.08, p = 0.002)和>7天(OR = 4.96, p = 0.002)。结论鉴于VAP的高发，迫切需要加强预防措施，并严格审查机构内VAP的危险因素。高危年龄组可能需要额外的预防措施和具体的风险识别。我们的研究结果强调了对危险因素和病因进行全面评估的必要性，并使其与发病率保持一致。这种积极主动的方法将促进战略干预措施和实践的早期实施，从而可能减少VAP的发展。
{"title":"Ventilation-Associated Pneumonia in Pediatric Intensive Care in Saudi Arabia: A Two-Year Retrospective Study of Incidence, Risk Factors, and Outcome","authors":"Khouloud Abdulrhman Al-Sofyani","doi":"10.1055/s-0043-1774818","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1055/s-0043-1774818","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract Objective This article assesses the incidence, risk factors, and outcomes of ventilator-associated pneumonia (VAP) in pediatric intensive care unit (PICU) patients in western Saudi Arabia. Methods A retrospective cohort study enrolled 375 children admitted to the PICU of King Abdulaziz University Hospital, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia. The study data involves clinical assessment of pediatric patients admitted to the PICU who received mechanical ventilation for ≥ 48 hours to monitor the primary outcome of developing VAP. Statistical analysis with univariate and multivariate analysis, a chi-square test, and a logistic regression model were used to analyze the risk factors associated with VAP. Results The VAP incidence among 375 enrolled patients was estimated to be 29.1% (95% class interval = 24.5–34.0%), accounting for 73.6 cases per 1,000 ventilator days. An approximately 1.4-fold increased mortality risk was observed in VAP cases with no statistical significance (p = 0.248). VAP incidence was independently associated with age groups 0 to 30 days (odds ratio [OR] = 6.88, p = 0.001), 1 to 12 months (OR = 4.55, p = 0.003), and > 6 years (OR = 3.45, p = 0.038), in addition to the nasogastric tube (OR = 2.23, p = 0.019), bronchoscopy (OR = 6.28, p = 0.001), and longer ICU stay including 4 to 7 days (OR = 4.08, p = 0.002) and > 7 days (OR = 4.96, p = 0.002). Conclusion Given the observed high incidence of VAP, it is imperative to urgently enhance our preventive strategies and rigorously scrutinize VAP risk factors within the institution. Extra precautions and specific risk identification may be warranted in high-risk age groups. Our findings underscore the necessity for a comprehensive assessment of risk factors and etiological agents, aligning them with incidence rates. This proactive approach would facilitate the early implementation of strategic interventions and practices, potentially reducing VAP development.","PeriodicalId":16739,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Pediatric infectious diseases","volume":"19 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-09-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135769906","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Hatice Uygun, Sibel Yavuz, Tarık Şahin, Nurettin Erdem, Mehmet Turgut
Abstract Objective Multisystem inflammatory syndrome in children (MIS-C) is a serious complication of coronavirus disease 2019 which causes a hyperinflammatory syndrome that can affect all organ systems. Functional gastrointestinal disorders (FGIDs) are a heterogeneous disease spectrum with unclear etiology. Today, it is known that low-grade inflammation can cause FGIDs. Our aim in this study was to investigate whether there is a higher frequency of FGID in children diagnosed with MIS-C. Methods In this study, 48 pediatric patients diagnosed with MIS-C were evaluated for functional gastrointestinal diseases according to the Rome IV criteria at least 6 months after diagnosis. The control group consisted of 61 pediatric patients without any chronic disease. Results In our study, the overall prevalence of FGIDs was 54.1% (n = 26) in the patient group and 22.9% (n = 14) in the control group. The difference between the groups was statistically significant (p < 0.001). The frequencies of undiagnosed abdominal pain, irritable bowel syndrome, constipation, and dyspepsia were 41.6% (n = 20), 12.5% (n = 6), 8.3% (n = 4), and 6.2% (n = 3) in the patient group, respectively. In the control group, the corresponding rates were 9.8% (n = 6), 3.2% (n = 2), 4.9% (n = 3), and 4.9% (n = 3), respectively. A significant difference was observed between the patient and control groups in terms of functional abdominal pain (p < 0.001). Conclusion The overall frequency of FGIDs and the prevalence of functional abdominal pain were higher in MIS-C patients than in control subjects. The data from this study support the hypothesis that FGIDs are more common in patients diagnosed with MIS-C than in healthy controls.
{"title":"Association between MIS-C and Functional Gastrointestinal Disorders in Children: A Cross-Sectional Study","authors":"Hatice Uygun, Sibel Yavuz, Tarık Şahin, Nurettin Erdem, Mehmet Turgut","doi":"10.1055/s-0043-1774781","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1055/s-0043-1774781","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract Objective Multisystem inflammatory syndrome in children (MIS-C) is a serious complication of coronavirus disease 2019 which causes a hyperinflammatory syndrome that can affect all organ systems. Functional gastrointestinal disorders (FGIDs) are a heterogeneous disease spectrum with unclear etiology. Today, it is known that low-grade inflammation can cause FGIDs. Our aim in this study was to investigate whether there is a higher frequency of FGID in children diagnosed with MIS-C. Methods In this study, 48 pediatric patients diagnosed with MIS-C were evaluated for functional gastrointestinal diseases according to the Rome IV criteria at least 6 months after diagnosis. The control group consisted of 61 pediatric patients without any chronic disease. Results In our study, the overall prevalence of FGIDs was 54.1% (n = 26) in the patient group and 22.9% (n = 14) in the control group. The difference between the groups was statistically significant (p < 0.001). The frequencies of undiagnosed abdominal pain, irritable bowel syndrome, constipation, and dyspepsia were 41.6% (n = 20), 12.5% (n = 6), 8.3% (n = 4), and 6.2% (n = 3) in the patient group, respectively. In the control group, the corresponding rates were 9.8% (n = 6), 3.2% (n = 2), 4.9% (n = 3), and 4.9% (n = 3), respectively. A significant difference was observed between the patient and control groups in terms of functional abdominal pain (p < 0.001). Conclusion The overall frequency of FGIDs and the prevalence of functional abdominal pain were higher in MIS-C patients than in control subjects. The data from this study support the hypothesis that FGIDs are more common in patients diagnosed with MIS-C than in healthy controls.","PeriodicalId":16739,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Pediatric infectious diseases","volume":"44 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-09-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"136015161","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Abstract Objective Streptococcus pyogenes also called Group A streptococci (GAS) is an important pathogen known since past years and infects millions of people around the world every year and can cause death. Although it often causes pharyngitis and skin infections, it can also spread to the bloodstream and cause invasive GAS (iGAS) infections. In this review, studies on the epidemiology of GAS and iGAS and vaccine studies were reviewed. Methods A comprehensive search of databases was conducted up to April 1, 2023 to related studies, in English using the following terms: S. pyogenes , GAS, invasive S. pyogenes infections, iGAS, S. pyogenes vaccine. The data extraction was conducted by two investigators using the same methodology. Results There has been an increase in iGAS infections in various countries in the last year and they have been followed closely. Although the reason for the increase in iGAS cases cannot be determined exactly, it is thought that the recent removal of coronavirus disease 2019 restrictions and the increase in the number of individuals susceptible to GAS and to viral respiratory pathogens is thought to have caused this situation. Another important issue with GAS is the vaccine studies. Vaccines are based on two different targets: M protein-based and non-M protein-based. Phase-I clinical trials have been initiated for some vaccines. Conclusion The increase in recent iGAS infections will draw attention to this agent and accelerate vaccine studies.
{"title":"Invasive Streptococcus pyogenes : A Short Literature Review","authors":"Y. Tanrıverdi Çaycı, M. Altındiş","doi":"10.1055/s-0043-1772740","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1055/s-0043-1772740","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract Objective Streptococcus pyogenes also called Group A streptococci (GAS) is an important pathogen known since past years and infects millions of people around the world every year and can cause death. Although it often causes pharyngitis and skin infections, it can also spread to the bloodstream and cause invasive GAS (iGAS) infections. In this review, studies on the epidemiology of GAS and iGAS and vaccine studies were reviewed. Methods A comprehensive search of databases was conducted up to April 1, 2023 to related studies, in English using the following terms: S. pyogenes , GAS, invasive S. pyogenes infections, iGAS, S. pyogenes vaccine. The data extraction was conducted by two investigators using the same methodology. Results There has been an increase in iGAS infections in various countries in the last year and they have been followed closely. Although the reason for the increase in iGAS cases cannot be determined exactly, it is thought that the recent removal of coronavirus disease 2019 restrictions and the increase in the number of individuals susceptible to GAS and to viral respiratory pathogens is thought to have caused this situation. Another important issue with GAS is the vaccine studies. Vaccines are based on two different targets: M protein-based and non-M protein-based. Phase-I clinical trials have been initiated for some vaccines. Conclusion The increase in recent iGAS infections will draw attention to this agent and accelerate vaccine studies.","PeriodicalId":16739,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Pediatric infectious diseases","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.3,"publicationDate":"2023-04-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42887719","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
[17] Diseases with a long incubation period (leishmaniasis and leptospirosis) and vector-borne diseases such as malaria and dengue should be considered as possible infections during the recovery phase (> 4 weeks) of natural disasters. [20] Outbreaks of group A streptococcus infection in camps could have devastating consequences, not just as a cause of respiratory infection, but also of wound infections. [10] In the post-earthquake period, the first wave of infectious diseases is caused by food-borne and/or water-borne infections, and/or by infections transmitted by respiratory droplets. [Extracted from the article] Copyright of Journal of Pediatric Infectious Diseases is the property of Thieme Medical Publishing Inc. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full . (Copyright applies to all s.)
在自然灾害恢复阶段(4周)，潜伏期较长的疾病(利什曼病和钩端螺旋体病)以及疟疾和登革热等病媒传播疾病应被视为可能的感染。营地爆发A群链球菌感染可能造成毁灭性后果，不仅会引起呼吸道感染，还会引起伤口感染。[10]在地震后时期，传染病的第一波是由食源性和/或水源性感染和/或呼吸道飞沫传播的感染引起的。【文章摘自】《儿科传染病杂志》版权为Thieme Medical Publishing Inc.所有，未经版权所有者明确书面许可，不得将其内容复制或通过电子邮件发送到多个网站或发布到listserv。但是，用户可以打印、下载或通过电子邮件发送文章供个人使用。这可以删节。对副本的准确性不作任何保证。用户应参阅原始出版版本的材料的完整。(版权适用于所有人。)
{"title":"Infection Diseases Following Natural Disaster in Children: Health Prevention and Assessment","authors":"Selin Uğraklı, M. Özdemir, James Gray","doi":"10.1055/s-0043-1768212","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1055/s-0043-1768212","url":null,"abstract":"[17] Diseases with a long incubation period (leishmaniasis and leptospirosis) and vector-borne diseases such as malaria and dengue should be considered as possible infections during the recovery phase (> 4 weeks) of natural disasters. [20] Outbreaks of group A streptococcus infection in camps could have devastating consequences, not just as a cause of respiratory infection, but also of wound infections. [10] In the post-earthquake period, the first wave of infectious diseases is caused by food-borne and/or water-borne infections, and/or by infections transmitted by respiratory droplets. [Extracted from the article] Copyright of Journal of Pediatric Infectious Diseases is the property of Thieme Medical Publishing Inc. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full . (Copyright applies to all s.)","PeriodicalId":16739,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Pediatric infectious diseases","volume":"18 1","pages":"113 - 115"},"PeriodicalIF":0.3,"publicationDate":"2023-04-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"45526318","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
I. Mckechnie, Ankit Mishra, J. Torres-Grau, Jonathan Cohen, S. Filson
Abstract Objective Children with chickenpox complicated by soft tissue infections can become critically unwell. We investigated cases that were referred to our center to examine the role of medical and surgical management in their care. Methods Children presenting with severe soft tissue infections (SSTIs) associated with varicella infections to a tertiary children's hospital in London serving the South East of England were identified. A retrospective review of the patients' records was performed. Results Ten patients presented having developed severe fever and localized cellulitis at around day 4 of their varicella infection. Group A Streptococcus (GAS) was identified as the causative organism in 90% of cases. Every patient required surgical intervention in addition to medical therapy to establish control of their soft tissue infection. We report 100% survival, and no patients required further reconstructive surgery. Conclusion SSTIs, often caused by invasive GAS, can severely complicate otherwise innocuous cases of chickenpox. Failure to respond to maximal medical therapy should prompt urgent referral to a specialist center, and early surgical intervention can prevent progression to more serious illness.
{"title":"Life-Threatening Streptococcal Soft Tissue Infections in Children with Chickenpox: A Post-COVID-19 Case Series","authors":"I. Mckechnie, Ankit Mishra, J. Torres-Grau, Jonathan Cohen, S. Filson","doi":"10.1055/s-0043-1771348","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1055/s-0043-1771348","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract Objective Children with chickenpox complicated by soft tissue infections can become critically unwell. We investigated cases that were referred to our center to examine the role of medical and surgical management in their care. Methods Children presenting with severe soft tissue infections (SSTIs) associated with varicella infections to a tertiary children's hospital in London serving the South East of England were identified. A retrospective review of the patients' records was performed. Results Ten patients presented having developed severe fever and localized cellulitis at around day 4 of their varicella infection. Group A Streptococcus (GAS) was identified as the causative organism in 90% of cases. Every patient required surgical intervention in addition to medical therapy to establish control of their soft tissue infection. We report 100% survival, and no patients required further reconstructive surgery. Conclusion SSTIs, often caused by invasive GAS, can severely complicate otherwise innocuous cases of chickenpox. Failure to respond to maximal medical therapy should prompt urgent referral to a specialist center, and early surgical intervention can prevent progression to more serious illness.","PeriodicalId":16739,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Pediatric infectious diseases","volume":"18 1","pages":"302 - 309"},"PeriodicalIF":0.3,"publicationDate":"2023-03-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48019876","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Cengiz Zeybek, A. Bolat, O. Gürsel, İ. Eker, A. Kürekçi
Abstract Objective Parvovirus B19 (PVB19) is a virus that can present with many hematological and extra-hematological findings. Its prognosis is relatively good in immunocompetent patients, but severe disease may develop in immunocompromised patients. We retrospectively reviewed a series of children who presented with PVB19 during a 6-year period at our institution. Methods Nine children with positive polymerase chain reaction and serological test results for PVB19 were studied. Their demographic data, atypical clinical and laboratory findings, treatment regiments, clinical course, and prognosis were noted. Results The hematological abnormalities associated with PVB19 were anemia, neutropenia, and thrombocytopenia, and the extra-hematological abnormalities were systemic lupus erythematosus-like syndrome, hemophagocytic lymphohistiocytosis, and acute kidney injury. All patients had good outcomes with no significant sequelae. Conclusion This case review suggests that clinicians should not consider PVB19 only as a cause of hematological events; they should also be alert to the possibility that it may cause extra-hematological diseases.
{"title":"Hematological and Extra-Hematological Manifestations of Parvovirus B19 Disease","authors":"Cengiz Zeybek, A. Bolat, O. Gürsel, İ. Eker, A. Kürekçi","doi":"10.1055/s-0043-1772160","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1055/s-0043-1772160","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract Objective Parvovirus B19 (PVB19) is a virus that can present with many hematological and extra-hematological findings. Its prognosis is relatively good in immunocompetent patients, but severe disease may develop in immunocompromised patients. We retrospectively reviewed a series of children who presented with PVB19 during a 6-year period at our institution. Methods Nine children with positive polymerase chain reaction and serological test results for PVB19 were studied. Their demographic data, atypical clinical and laboratory findings, treatment regiments, clinical course, and prognosis were noted. Results The hematological abnormalities associated with PVB19 were anemia, neutropenia, and thrombocytopenia, and the extra-hematological abnormalities were systemic lupus erythematosus-like syndrome, hemophagocytic lymphohistiocytosis, and acute kidney injury. All patients had good outcomes with no significant sequelae. Conclusion This case review suggests that clinicians should not consider PVB19 only as a cause of hematological events; they should also be alert to the possibility that it may cause extra-hematological diseases.","PeriodicalId":16739,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Pediatric infectious diseases","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.3,"publicationDate":"2023-03-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"43291813","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Julián C. Galvis, C. Beltrán, E. Sierra, Aleyda M. Montaño, Fáiver Ramírez, P. Villa, A. Diaz, C. Robledo, J. Robledo
Abstract Objective In this study, we describe the clinical and epidemiological characteristics of a cluster of children with acute gastrointestinal (GI) infection caused by Yersinia enterocolitica in Medellín, Colombia. Methods A retrospective descriptive observational study was performed with the information recorded in clinical charts of GI infection cases caused by Y. enterocolitica in pediatric population of two hospital institutions in Medellín, Colombia. The microorganism identification was performed directly from stool samples using molecular biology techniques and from stool cultures using mass spectrometry. Space-time simulations and antibiotic susceptibility profiles were performed using Whonet 5.6 and Clinical and Laboratory Standards Institute 2020 guide. Results A total of 37 cases were identified in children younger than 15 years; between November 2020 and January 2021, 45.9% of cases were in children aged 1 to 5 years. Most children had diarrhea (97.3%) and fever (67.6%), 21.6% had abdominal pain and vomiting, and 13.5% had hyporexia. Sixteen of the patients (43.2%) received azithromycin, 24.3% ( n = 9) received ceftriaxone, and 13.5% ( n = 5) received a combined treatment of ceftriaxone and azithromycin or azithromycin and metronidazole. Based on space-time simulations, the clonality analysis and the characteristics of the cases suggest a community outbreak of unknown origin. Conclusion Our findings confirm the occurrence of an outbreak related to Y. enterocolitica from the community whose source could not be identified. Although it is presumed that the frequency of this microorganism is low in these regions, the use of new diagnostic tools in clinical microbiology allowed the early identification of the epidemiological event.
{"title":"Outbreak of Gastrointestinal Infections Caused by Yersinia enterocolitica in Children, Medellín, Colombia","authors":"Julián C. Galvis, C. Beltrán, E. Sierra, Aleyda M. Montaño, Fáiver Ramírez, P. Villa, A. Diaz, C. Robledo, J. Robledo","doi":"10.1055/s-0043-1772209","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1055/s-0043-1772209","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract Objective In this study, we describe the clinical and epidemiological characteristics of a cluster of children with acute gastrointestinal (GI) infection caused by Yersinia enterocolitica in Medellín, Colombia. Methods A retrospective descriptive observational study was performed with the information recorded in clinical charts of GI infection cases caused by Y. enterocolitica in pediatric population of two hospital institutions in Medellín, Colombia. The microorganism identification was performed directly from stool samples using molecular biology techniques and from stool cultures using mass spectrometry. Space-time simulations and antibiotic susceptibility profiles were performed using Whonet 5.6 and Clinical and Laboratory Standards Institute 2020 guide. Results A total of 37 cases were identified in children younger than 15 years; between November 2020 and January 2021, 45.9% of cases were in children aged 1 to 5 years. Most children had diarrhea (97.3%) and fever (67.6%), 21.6% had abdominal pain and vomiting, and 13.5% had hyporexia. Sixteen of the patients (43.2%) received azithromycin, 24.3% ( n = 9) received ceftriaxone, and 13.5% ( n = 5) received a combined treatment of ceftriaxone and azithromycin or azithromycin and metronidazole. Based on space-time simulations, the clonality analysis and the characteristics of the cases suggest a community outbreak of unknown origin. Conclusion Our findings confirm the occurrence of an outbreak related to Y. enterocolitica from the community whose source could not be identified. Although it is presumed that the frequency of this microorganism is low in these regions, the use of new diagnostic tools in clinical microbiology allowed the early identification of the epidemiological event.","PeriodicalId":16739,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Pediatric infectious diseases","volume":"18 1","pages":"289 - 294"},"PeriodicalIF":0.3,"publicationDate":"2023-02-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48573351","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Gökhan Tüzemen, Nazmiye Ülkü Tüzemen, Perihan Erkan Alkan, C. Özakın
Abstract Objective Bacterial biofilm formation is a multistep process involving bacterial adhesion to inorganic or mucosal surfaces. We aimed to identify Staphylococcus aureus and Pseudomonas aeruginosa strains colonizing the respiratory tracts of cystic fibrosis (CF) patients and to gauge the antibiofilm potential of streptomycin and ozone solutions against them. Methods Bacteria were obtained from CF patients' sputum samples processed in our microbiology laboratory over 1 year (2021–2022). A total of 26 nonduplicate strains (13 S. aureus and 13 P. aeruginosa ) were included in this study. Results Both ozone and streptomycin solutions showed significant inhibitory activity. However, when faced with mature biofilm, the streptomycin solution had a significantly more substantial impact than the ozone solution. Furthermore, the ozone solution had no inhibitory effect on mature P. aeruginosa biofilm. Conclusion Ozone and streptomycin solutions might be used as nasal irrigation to eliminate the biofilms in patients with CF in acute respiratory infections. However, our in vitro observations would need to be confirmed in vivo. In chronic inflammation, ozone solution cannot degrade the mature biofilm of P. aeruginosa , whereas streptomycin solution can degrade such biofilms. This result is promising in lessening the biofilms associated with these bacteria that colonize patients with CF.
{"title":"Antibiofilm Activity of Different Washing Solutions against Biofilms in Cystic Fibrosis Patients' Nasal Cavities","authors":"Gökhan Tüzemen, Nazmiye Ülkü Tüzemen, Perihan Erkan Alkan, C. Özakın","doi":"10.1055/s-0043-1770989","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1055/s-0043-1770989","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract Objective Bacterial biofilm formation is a multistep process involving bacterial adhesion to inorganic or mucosal surfaces. We aimed to identify Staphylococcus aureus and Pseudomonas aeruginosa strains colonizing the respiratory tracts of cystic fibrosis (CF) patients and to gauge the antibiofilm potential of streptomycin and ozone solutions against them. Methods Bacteria were obtained from CF patients' sputum samples processed in our microbiology laboratory over 1 year (2021–2022). A total of 26 nonduplicate strains (13 S. aureus and 13 P. aeruginosa ) were included in this study. Results Both ozone and streptomycin solutions showed significant inhibitory activity. However, when faced with mature biofilm, the streptomycin solution had a significantly more substantial impact than the ozone solution. Furthermore, the ozone solution had no inhibitory effect on mature P. aeruginosa biofilm. Conclusion Ozone and streptomycin solutions might be used as nasal irrigation to eliminate the biofilms in patients with CF in acute respiratory infections. However, our in vitro observations would need to be confirmed in vivo. In chronic inflammation, ozone solution cannot degrade the mature biofilm of P. aeruginosa , whereas streptomycin solution can degrade such biofilms. This result is promising in lessening the biofilms associated with these bacteria that colonize patients with CF.","PeriodicalId":16739,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Pediatric infectious diseases","volume":"18 1","pages":"250 - 255"},"PeriodicalIF":0.3,"publicationDate":"2023-02-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"49026737","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Flora Cruz-López, Joaquín Rincón-Zuno, R. Morfín-Otero, E. Rodríguez-Noriega, R. E. Corte-Rojas, J. M. Feliciano-Guzmán, Mariana Gil-Veloz, L. Rodríguez-Muñoz, Elena Victoria Choy-Chang, Carlos Miguel Cetina-Umaña, L. K. Avilés-Benítez, Adrián Martínez-Meléndez, Esaú López-Jácome, J. Silva-Sánchez, E. Bolado-Martínez, M. López-García, Juan de Dios Castañeda-Duarte, C. L. Ramos-Medellin, Samuel Pavel Escalante-Armenta, Luis Javier Quintanilla-Cazares, C. A. Couoh-May, Sandra Quintana-Ponce, O. Newton-Sánchez, Verónica Rodríguez-Galicia, Dulce María López-López, Guadalupe Soledad Huirache-Villalobos, Jose Luis Ramirez-Mis, F. Rojas-Larios, Arely Elizabeth Guerrero-Núñez, Héctor Miguel Zubiate-Tejada, Lizbeth Soraya Duarte-Miranda, Irma Elena Barroso-Herrera-Y-Cairo, G. Padilla-Rivas, E. Garza-González
Abstract Objective To analyze the resistance to antimicrobials in clinical isolates from pediatric patients in Mexico. Methods Susceptibility data from relevant specimens were collected in the pediatric population over 6 months from 25 centers from 17 states of Mexico and analyzed using the WHONET 5.6 software. Data were stratified into three age groups: younger than 2 years, 2 to 6 years, and 6 to 18 years. Results For Escherichia coli , the infant/toddler group had higher resistance rates to ampicillin, ampicillin-sulbactam, cefuroxime, cefepime, gentamicin, quinolones ( p < 0.001), amoxicillin/clavulanic acid ( p = 0.003), and ceftazidime ( p = 0.004) than the other two age groups. Additionally, a high proportion of extended-spectrum β-lactamase (ESBL)-producing isolates for E. coli (75.3%) was detected in this age group. Comparable results were observed for Klebsiella pneumoniae , with higher resistance to ampicillin-sulbactam, ceftazidime, gentamicin, cefepime, trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole, carbapenems ( p = 0.001) and amoxicillin/clavulanic acid ( p = 0.023) in the infant/toddler group. Moreover, a high proportion of ESBL producers (76%) was detected in this age group. Regarding wards, E. coli and K. pneumoniae had the highest carbapenem resistance in the ICU area, and Acinetobacter baumannii had the highest carbapenem resistance in medical wards. Conclusion High antibiotic resistance rates were detected in the infant/toddler group. This report presents baseline data for future prospective surveillance studies of antimicrobial resistance in pediatric patients in Mexico.
{"title":"Drug Resistance Analysis of Pathogens Isolated from Pediatric Patients in Mexico","authors":"Flora Cruz-López, Joaquín Rincón-Zuno, R. Morfín-Otero, E. Rodríguez-Noriega, R. E. Corte-Rojas, J. M. Feliciano-Guzmán, Mariana Gil-Veloz, L. Rodríguez-Muñoz, Elena Victoria Choy-Chang, Carlos Miguel Cetina-Umaña, L. K. Avilés-Benítez, Adrián Martínez-Meléndez, Esaú López-Jácome, J. Silva-Sánchez, E. Bolado-Martínez, M. López-García, Juan de Dios Castañeda-Duarte, C. L. Ramos-Medellin, Samuel Pavel Escalante-Armenta, Luis Javier Quintanilla-Cazares, C. A. Couoh-May, Sandra Quintana-Ponce, O. Newton-Sánchez, Verónica Rodríguez-Galicia, Dulce María López-López, Guadalupe Soledad Huirache-Villalobos, Jose Luis Ramirez-Mis, F. Rojas-Larios, Arely Elizabeth Guerrero-Núñez, Héctor Miguel Zubiate-Tejada, Lizbeth Soraya Duarte-Miranda, Irma Elena Barroso-Herrera-Y-Cairo, G. Padilla-Rivas, E. Garza-González","doi":"10.1055/s-0043-1771528","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1055/s-0043-1771528","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract Objective To analyze the resistance to antimicrobials in clinical isolates from pediatric patients in Mexico. Methods Susceptibility data from relevant specimens were collected in the pediatric population over 6 months from 25 centers from 17 states of Mexico and analyzed using the WHONET 5.6 software. Data were stratified into three age groups: younger than 2 years, 2 to 6 years, and 6 to 18 years. Results For Escherichia coli , the infant/toddler group had higher resistance rates to ampicillin, ampicillin-sulbactam, cefuroxime, cefepime, gentamicin, quinolones ( p < 0.001), amoxicillin/clavulanic acid ( p = 0.003), and ceftazidime ( p = 0.004) than the other two age groups. Additionally, a high proportion of extended-spectrum β-lactamase (ESBL)-producing isolates for E. coli (75.3%) was detected in this age group. Comparable results were observed for Klebsiella pneumoniae , with higher resistance to ampicillin-sulbactam, ceftazidime, gentamicin, cefepime, trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole, carbapenems ( p = 0.001) and amoxicillin/clavulanic acid ( p = 0.023) in the infant/toddler group. Moreover, a high proportion of ESBL producers (76%) was detected in this age group. Regarding wards, E. coli and K. pneumoniae had the highest carbapenem resistance in the ICU area, and Acinetobacter baumannii had the highest carbapenem resistance in medical wards. Conclusion High antibiotic resistance rates were detected in the infant/toddler group. This report presents baseline data for future prospective surveillance studies of antimicrobial resistance in pediatric patients in Mexico.","PeriodicalId":16739,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Pediatric infectious diseases","volume":"18 1","pages":"273 - 282"},"PeriodicalIF":0.3,"publicationDate":"2023-02-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"45023499","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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