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2013 IEEE Ninth World Congress on Services最新文献

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Using Rules for Web Service Client Side Testing 使用规则进行Web服务客户端测试
Pub Date : 2013-06-28 DOI: 10.1109/SERVICES.2013.63
Nabil El Ioini, A. Sillitti, G. Succi
Web Services (WS) are software components accessible over the Internet through a well-defined set of standards. When consumers invoke a service, they expect to receive a valid response. However, the problem is to determine the structure of a valid request [21]. WS specifications are used to solve this problem since they are considered the primary piece of information for building service requests. Unfortunately, existing specifications do not provide enough support for this type information (e.g., WSDL) or there is little support on the client side (e.g., OWL-S). In this paper we address this issue by implementing a technique to reduce the number of faulty requests. We specifically propose an approach for extending WSDL with service input parameters rules that help consumers and integrators to verify their calls on the client side.
Web服务(WS)是通过一组定义良好的标准在Internet上访问的软件组件。当消费者调用服务时,他们希望收到有效的响应。但是,问题在于确定有效请求[21]的结构。WS规范被用来解决这个问题,因为它们被认为是构建服务请求的主要信息。不幸的是,现有的规范没有为这种类型信息提供足够的支持(例如,WSDL),或者在客户端几乎没有支持(例如,OWL-S)。在本文中,我们通过实现一种技术来减少错误请求的数量来解决这个问题。我们特别提出了一种使用服务输入参数规则扩展WSDL的方法,该规则可帮助消费者和集成商在客户端验证其调用。
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引用次数: 2
QoS Auditing for Evaluation of SLA in Cloud-based Distributed Services 面向云分布式服务SLA评估的QoS审计
Pub Date : 2013-06-28 DOI: 10.1109/SERVICES.2013.74
K. Ravindran
Given cloud-based realization of a distributed system S, QoS auditing enables risk analysis and accounting of SLA violations under various security threats and resource depletions faced by S. The problem of QoS failures and security infringements arises due to the third-party control of cloud resources and components that are used in realizing the application-oriented service exported by S. The less-than-100% trust between the various sub-systems of S is a major issue that necessitates a probabilistic analysis of the application behavior relative to the SLA negotiated with S. In this light, QoS auditing allows reasoning about how good the SLA is complied by S in the face of hostile environment conditions. The paper describes case studies of CDN and replicated web service realized on a cloud.
给定分布式系统S基于云的实现,QoS审计可以对S面临的各种安全威胁和资源消耗情况下的SLA违规行为进行风险分析和核算。由于S输出面向应用的服务所使用的云资源和组件被第三方控制,导致了QoS失效和安全违规的问题。S各子系统之间的信任低于100%是一个主要问题,需要对其相关的应用行为进行概率分析从这个角度来看,QoS审计允许推断S在面对恶劣环境条件时遵守SLA的程度。本文介绍了在云上实现CDN和复制web服务的案例研究。
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引用次数: 9
EC2BargainHunter: It's Easy to Hunt for Cost Savings on Amazon EC2! EC2BargainHunter:很容易在亚马逊EC2上寻找成本节省!
Pub Date : 2013-06-28 DOI: 10.1109/SERVICES.2013.52
K. Rajaraman, Le Duy Ngan, Yuzhang Feng, Anitha Veeramani, Joel Koo Chong En, C. C. Keong, F. S. Tsai, A. Andrzejak
Return on investment is a critical decision factor for end-users going for cloud deployments. However, major cloud vendors typically provide a myriad of interdependent cloud service options in a variety of purchasing models, that severely complicates cost estimation and optimization. In this paper, we propose a novel Amazon EC2 cost optimization system, called EC2 Bargain Hunter, that innovatively combines services and cloud computing principles with ideas from semantic technologies. The system supports the entire-range of EC2 instance types, and can be used in real-time to perform live cost optimization. We demonstrate that unprecedented cost savings, by a factor of 30, on Amazon EC2 offerings can be found with this system in a few clicks. Furthermore, our approach can be adapted to other IaaS providers, which enables truly real-life cloud cost optimization and thus is a significant step towards making the cloud really cost-effective for the end-users.
投资回报是最终用户选择云部署的关键决策因素。然而,主要的云供应商通常在各种购买模型中提供无数相互依赖的云服务选项,这严重复杂化了成本估算和优化。在本文中,我们提出了一个新的Amazon EC2成本优化系统,称为EC2讨价还价猎人,它创新地将服务和云计算原理与语义技术的思想结合起来。该系统支持所有EC2实例类型,并可用于实时执行实时成本优化。我们证明,使用这个系统只需点击几下鼠标,就可以在Amazon EC2产品上节省30倍的空前成本。此外,我们的方法可以适用于其他IaaS提供商,从而实现真正现实的云成本优化,因此是使最终用户的云真正具有成本效益的重要一步。
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引用次数: 2
An Energy-Efficient Online Parallel Scheduling Algorithm for Cloud Data Centers 一种高效节能的云数据中心在线并行调度算法
Pub Date : 2013-06-28 DOI: 10.1109/SERVICES.2013.57
Wenhong Tian, Ruini Xue, Jun Cao, Qin Xiong, Yunjun Hu
This paper considers online energy-efficient scheduling of real-time virtual machines (VMs) for Cloud data centers. Each request is associated with a starttime, a end-time, a processing time and demand for a Physical Machine (PM) capacity. The goal is to schedule all of the requests non-preemptively in their start-timeend- time windows, subjecting to PM capacity constraints, such that total busy time of all used PMs is minimized (called MinTBT-ON for abbreviation). This problem is a fundamental scheduling problem for parallel jobs allocation on mutliple machines, it has important applications in power-aware scheduling in cloud computing, optical network design and customer service systems and other related areas. Offline scheduling to minimize busy time is NP-hard already in the special case where all jobs have the same processing time and can be scheduled in a fixed time interval. One best-known result for MinTBT-ON problem is a g-competitive algorithm for general instances using First-Fit algorithm for unit-size jobs, where g is the total capacity of a PM. In this paper, a B-competitive algorithm, GRID is proposed and proved for general case, where B is a natural number and 1 <; B <; g. More results are obtained and applied to Cloud computing to improve energy-efficiency.
研究了云数据中心实时虚拟机的在线节能调度问题。每个请求都与开始时间、结束时间、处理时间和对物理机(PM)容量的需求相关联。目标是在它们的start-timeend- time窗口中非抢占性地调度所有请求,服从PM容量限制,这样所有使用的PM的总忙时间就最小化了(简称为MinTBT-ON)。该问题是多台机器上并行作业分配的基本调度问题,在云计算、光网络设计和客户服务系统等相关领域的功耗感知调度中有着重要的应用。在所有作业都具有相同的处理时间并且可以在固定的时间间隔内调度的特殊情况下,最小化繁忙时间的脱机调度已经是NP-hard了。对于MinTBT-ON问题,一个最著名的结果是对一般实例使用First-Fit算法的g竞争算法,其中g是PM的总容量。本文提出了一种B竞争算法GRID,并对B为自然数且1 <;B <;g.获得更多结果并应用于云计算以提高能源效率。
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引用次数: 4
A Hierarchical Cloud Pricing System 分级云定价系统
Pub Date : 2013-06-28 DOI: 10.1109/SERVICES.2013.78
Zhijie Li, Ming Li
Cloud computing is experiencing phenomenal growth and there are now many vendors offering their cloud services. In cloud computing, cloud providers cooperate together to offer their computing resource as a utility and software as a service to customers. The demands and the price of cloud service should be negotiated between providers and users based on the Service Level Agreement (SLA). In order to help cloud providers achieving an agreeable price for their services and maximizing the benefits of both cloud providers and clients, this paper proposes a cloud pricing system consisting of hierarchical system, M/M/c queuing model and pricing model. Simulation results verify the efficiency of our proposed system.
云计算正在经历惊人的增长,现在有许多供应商提供他们的云服务。在云计算中,云提供商共同合作,将其计算资源作为实用工具提供给客户,并将软件作为服务提供给客户。云服务的需求和价格应由提供商和用户根据服务水平协议(SLA)进行协商。为了帮助云提供商获得一个令人满意的服务价格,使云提供商和客户双方的利益最大化,本文提出了一种由分层体系、M/M/c排队模型和定价模型组成的云定价体系。仿真结果验证了系统的有效性。
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引用次数: 17
Cloud Based Architecture for Enabling Intuitive Decision Making 支持直觉决策的基于云的架构
Pub Date : 2013-06-28 DOI: 10.1109/SERVICES.2013.11
Brian Xu, S. Kumar, Manonmani Kumar
To address the current need of innovative technologies that blend rapid data processing capabilities of computers with intuitive decision making skills of humans, we have developed a prototype of Cloud Enabled Brain Computer Interface (CEB) decision making technologies. The implemented architecture integrates cloud enabled big data analytics capabilities, networked BCI (Brain Computer Interface) devices, and Decision Making Engine. The novel CEB technology comprises of 1. Cloud-enabled BCI (Brain-Computer Interface) headsets, which is developed and networked in a cloud to enable rapid decision making and 2. Genetic algorithm based decision making engine, to intelligently assist the users in decision making; Advantage of our architecture is that when CEB loads the data, it will automatically recommend the best applicable Machine Learning (ML) algorithms after being evaluated to solve a given problem. Hence, with such automated machine learning techniques, CEB users workload is significantly reduced. Our experiments on DARPA dataset indicate that CEB technologies performed 10 times faster and about 4 times less false negative rate than current computational methods in seeking and understanding information. Our results demonstrate that these CEB technologies would enable humans to accurately and quickly detect meaningful information from a mass amount of data. The novel CEB technologies ensure that the reduced manpower does not result in reduced performance.
为了解决当前对将计算机的快速数据处理能力与人类的直觉决策技能相结合的创新技术的需求,我们开发了一种云支持脑机接口(CEB)决策技术的原型。实现的架构集成了云支持的大数据分析功能、联网BCI(脑机接口)设备和决策引擎。新型CEB技术包括:1。云支持的BCI(脑机接口)耳机,它是在云中开发和联网的,以实现快速决策和2。基于遗传算法的决策引擎,智能协助用户进行决策;我们架构的优势在于,当CEB加载数据时,它会在评估以解决给定问题后自动推荐最佳适用的机器学习(ML)算法。因此,使用这种自动化的机器学习技术,CEB用户的工作量大大减少。我们在DARPA数据集上的实验表明,CEB技术在寻找和理解信息方面的速度比现有计算方法快10倍,假阴性率低4倍左右。我们的研究结果表明,这些CEB技术将使人类能够准确、快速地从大量数据中检测出有意义的信息。新的CEB技术确保减少的人力不会导致性能下降。
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引用次数: 6
Towards a Goal Driven Task Personalization Specification Framework 迈向目标驱动的任务个性化规范框架
Pub Date : 2013-06-28 DOI: 10.1109/SERVICES.2013.75
George Chatzikonstantinou, Michael Athanasopoulos, K. Kontogiannis
Since its inception, Service Orientation allowed for distributed clients to invoke remote operations utilizing standardized protocols, programming paradigms and architectures. Furthermore, the problem of compiling complex service compositions, based on contextual information and user preferences, has been also extensively investigated by the research community. However, these techniques are mostly used within a single, or within coupled service domains that utilize predefined orchestration and composition service flows. In this paper, we propose an approach whereby service providers can specify complex service tasks as collections of goal model templates that can be instantiated and customized by the invoking clients. A reasoning process evaluates whether instantiated goals can be fulfilled based on the clients selections and consequently generates service flows that are compliant to the goal model and to the clients preferences. The major difference from existing context aware service computing frameworks is the introduction of a reasoning process that allows for the evaluation of various and possibly synergetic client goals and the on-time initiation and enactment of goal compliant service compositions. A proof of concept prototype has been implemented utilizing SOA technologies for service invocation and flow control.
从一开始,面向服务就允许分布式客户端调用使用标准化协议、编程范例和体系结构的远程操作。此外,基于上下文信息和用户偏好编译复杂服务组合的问题也得到了研究界的广泛研究。然而,这些技术主要在单个或耦合的服务域中使用,这些服务域中使用预定义的编排和组合服务流。在本文中,我们提出了一种方法,通过这种方法,服务提供者可以将复杂的服务任务指定为目标模型模板的集合,这些目标模型模板可以由调用客户端实例化和自定义。推理过程根据客户端选择评估是否可以实现实例化的目标,从而生成符合目标模型和客户端首选项的服务流。与现有上下文感知服务计算框架的主要区别在于引入了一个推理过程,该过程允许评估各种可能协同的客户端目标,并及时启动和制定符合目标的服务组合。利用SOA技术实现了一个概念验证原型,用于服务调用和流控制。
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引用次数: 2
Storing, Indexing and Querying Large Provenance Data Sets as RDF Graphs in Apache HBase 在Apache HBase中以RDF图的形式存储、索引和查询大型数据源集
Pub Date : 2013-06-28 DOI: 10.1109/SERVICES.2013.32
Artem Chebotko, John Abraham, P. Brazier, Anthony Piazza, A. Kashlev, Shiyong Lu
Provenance, which records the history of an in-silico experiment, has been identified as an important requirement for scientific workflows to support scientific discovery reproducibility, result interpretation, and problem diagnosis. Large provenance datasets are composed of many smaller provenance graphs, each of which corresponds to a single workflow execution. In this work, we explore and address the challenge of efficient and scalable storage and querying of large collections of provenance graphs serialized as RDF graphs in an Apache HBase database. Specifically, we propose: (i) novel storage and indexing techniques for RDF data in HBase that are better suited for provenance datasets rather than generic RDF graphs and (ii) novel SPARQL query evaluation algorithms that solely rely on indices to compute expensive join operations, make use of numeric values that represent triple positions rather than actual triples, and eliminate the need for intermediate data transfers over a network. The empirical evaluation of our algorithms using provenance datasets and queries of the University of Texas Provenance Benchmark confirms that our approach is efficient and scalable.
出处,它记录了一个硅实验的历史,已经被确定为科学工作流程的一个重要要求,以支持科学发现的可重复性、结果解释和问题诊断。大型来源数据集由许多较小的来源图组成,每个来源图对应于单个工作流执行。在这项工作中,我们探索并解决了在Apache HBase数据库中序列化为RDF图的大型来源图集合的高效和可伸缩存储和查询的挑战。具体来说,我们建议:(i) HBase中RDF数据的新颖存储和索引技术,它更适合于起源数据集,而不是通用的RDF图;(ii)新颖的SPARQL查询计算算法,它只依赖于索引来计算昂贵的连接操作,使用表示三元组位置的数值而不是实际的三元组,并且消除了通过网络传输中间数据的需要。我们的算法使用来源数据集和德克萨斯大学来源基准的查询进行了实证评估,证实了我们的方法是高效和可扩展的。
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引用次数: 22
Parallel Matrix Multiplication Algorithm Based on Vector Linear Combination Using MapReduce 基于MapReduce的向量线性组合的并行矩阵乘法算法
Pub Date : 2013-06-28 DOI: 10.1109/SERVICES.2013.67
Jianhua Zheng, Liang-Jie Zhang, Rong Zhu, Ke Ning, Dong Liu
Matrix multiplication is used in a variety of applications. It requires a lot of computation time especially for large-scale matrices. Parallel processing is a good choice for matrix multiplication operation. To overcome the efficiencies of existing algorithms for parallel matrix multiplication, a matrix multiplication processing scheme based on vector linear combination (VLC) was presented. The VLC scheme splits the matrix multiplication procedure into two steps. The first step obtains the weighted vectors by scalar multiplication. The second step gets the final result through a linear combination of the weighted vectors with identical row numbers. We present parallel matrix multiplication implementations using MapReduce (MR) based on VLC scheme and explain in detail the MR job. The map method receives the matrix input and generates intermediate (key, value) pairs according to the VLC scheme requirement. The reduce method conducts the scalar multiplication and vectors summation. In the end, the reduce method outputs the result in the way of row vector. Then performance theoretical analysis and experiment result comparing with other algorithms are proposed. Algorithm presented in this paper needs less computation time than other algorithms. Finally, we conclude the paper and propose future works.
矩阵乘法被用于各种各样的应用中。它需要大量的计算时间,特别是对于大规模的矩阵。并行处理是矩阵乘法运算的一个很好的选择。为了克服现有并行矩阵乘法算法的效率问题,提出了一种基于向量线性组合(VLC)的矩阵乘法处理方案。VLC方案将矩阵乘法过程分为两步。第一步通过标量乘法得到加权向量。第二步通过具有相同行号的加权向量的线性组合获得最终结果。提出了基于VLC方案的MapReduce (MR)并行矩阵乘法实现,并详细解释了MR的工作。map方法接收矩阵输入,根据VLC方案要求生成中间(键、值)对。约简法进行标量乘法和向量求和。最后,reduce方法以行向量的方式输出结果。然后给出了性能理论分析和与其他算法比较的实验结果。与其他算法相比,本文算法的计算时间更少。最后,对全文进行总结,并对后续工作提出建议。
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引用次数: 7
Towards a Forensic-Based Service Oriented Architecture Framework for Auditing of Cloud Logs 基于取证的面向服务的云日志审计架构框架
Pub Date : 2013-06-28 DOI: 10.1109/SERVICES.2013.76
Sean S. E. Thorpe, Tyrone Grandison, Arnett Campbell, Janet Williams, K. Burrell, I. Ray
Cloud computing log digital investigations relate to the investigation of a potential crime using the digital forensic evidence from a virtual machine (VM) host operating system using the hypervisor event logs. In cloud digital log forensics, work on the forensic reconstruction of evidence on VM hosts system is required, but with the heterogeneous complexity involved with an enterprise's private cloud not to mention public cloud distributed environments, a possible Web Services-centric approach may be required for such log supported investigations. A data cloud log forensics service oriented architecture (SOA) audit framework for this type of forensic examination needs to allow for the reconstruction of transactions spanning multiple VM hosts, platforms and applications. This paper explores the requirements of a cloud log forensics SOA framework for performing effective digital investigation examinations in these abstract web services environments. This framework will be necessary in order to develop investigative and forensic auditing tools and techniques for use in cloud based log-centric SOAs.
云计算日志数字调查涉及使用来自虚拟机(VM)主机操作系统的数字取证证据,使用管理程序事件日志对潜在犯罪进行调查。在云数字日志取证中,需要对VM主机系统上的证据进行取证重建,但是由于企业私有云(更不用说公共云分布式环境)的异构复杂性,可能需要一种以Web服务为中心的方法来进行此类日志支持的调查。用于此类取证检查的数据云日志取证面向服务的体系结构(SOA)审计框架需要允许跨多个VM主机、平台和应用程序重建事务。本文探讨了云日志取证SOA框架在这些抽象web服务环境中执行有效数字调查检查的需求。为了开发在基于云的以日志为中心的soa中使用的调查和取证审计工具和技术,这个框架是必要的。
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引用次数: 29
期刊
2013 IEEE Ninth World Congress on Services
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