Pub Date : 2022-01-17DOI: 10.34172/jrip.2022.31928
A. Aref, Samaneh Tirom, H. Shahbazian, A. Ghorbani
Introduction: Based on the evidence, rituximab may be an effective treatment for kidney transplantation for reducing panel-reactive antibody. Objectives: This study was conducted to investigate the effect of rituximab on reducing the panel in transplant dialysis patients. Patients and Methods: This is an interventional study that was conducted on 20 dialysis patients who were candidates for kidney transplantation. Patients first had a panel-reactive antibody test and patients with a panel-reactive antibody above the age of 30 were included in the study. First, rituximab was administered at a dose of one gram and then after two weeks, another dose of one gram was administered. Panel-reactive antibody was measured baseline, one and six months later. Results: One and six months after stopping the drug, we found a significant decrease in the mean amount of reactive antibodies. Additionally, six months after stopping the drug, a significant decrease in the level of patients’ reactive antibodies in comparison to one month before taking the drug was detected (P<0.05). Conclusion: The findings showed that treatment with rituximab is useful for reducing panel-reactive antibody in kidney transplant patients. However, more studies are needed to optimize rituximab injection protocols.
{"title":"Effect of rituximab on reducing the panel-reactive antibody in dialysis patients of transplant candidate","authors":"A. Aref, Samaneh Tirom, H. Shahbazian, A. Ghorbani","doi":"10.34172/jrip.2022.31928","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.34172/jrip.2022.31928","url":null,"abstract":"Introduction: Based on the evidence, rituximab may be an effective treatment for kidney transplantation for reducing panel-reactive antibody. Objectives: This study was conducted to investigate the effect of rituximab on reducing the panel in transplant dialysis patients. Patients and Methods: This is an interventional study that was conducted on 20 dialysis patients who were candidates for kidney transplantation. Patients first had a panel-reactive antibody test and patients with a panel-reactive antibody above the age of 30 were included in the study. First, rituximab was administered at a dose of one gram and then after two weeks, another dose of one gram was administered. Panel-reactive antibody was measured baseline, one and six months later. Results: One and six months after stopping the drug, we found a significant decrease in the mean amount of reactive antibodies. Additionally, six months after stopping the drug, a significant decrease in the level of patients’ reactive antibodies in comparison to one month before taking the drug was detected (P<0.05). Conclusion: The findings showed that treatment with rituximab is useful for reducing panel-reactive antibody in kidney transplant patients. However, more studies are needed to optimize rituximab injection protocols.","PeriodicalId":16950,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Renal Injury Prevention","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.7,"publicationDate":"2022-01-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44273696","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-01-10DOI: 10.34172/jrip.2022.32013
Elham Emami, A. Hasanpour Dehkordi, A. Maghsoudi, H. Nasri, Alireza Vahedi
Introduction: Gentamicin is an aminoglycoside antibiotic that is widely administered to treat infections caused by gram-negative bacteria. Gentamicin may cause renal injury in patients after seven days of administration. Atorvastatin is a cholesterol-lowering statin that acts through the mevalonate pathway. Objectives: In this study, we investigated the histopathological effects of atorvastatin against gentamicin-induced renal injury. Materials and Methods: Twenty male Wistar rats were randomly assigned into five groups and treated as the following; group 1 (normal group, no drug), group 2 [gentamicin group, daily 80 mg/kg, intra-peritoneal (i.p.) for 7 days], groups 3 to 5 (gentamicin 80 mg/kg + atorvastatin at doses of 5, 25 and 75 mg/kg, respectively). Kidney sections were examined for histopathological parameters including vacuolization of the kidney tubular cells, degeneration, necrosis, flattening of the tubular cells and debris in the tubular lumen. Results: Compared to the normal group, gentamicin significantly exacerbated the histopathological parameters. Treatment with atorvastatin significantly decreased vacuolization, degeneration, necrosis and debris in the nephrotoxic rats. Conclusion: The findings of this research indicated that atorvastatin therapy can ameliorate histopathological renal injury following gentamicin injection.
{"title":"A histopathological study on the effects of atorvastatin against gentamicin-induced renal injury","authors":"Elham Emami, A. Hasanpour Dehkordi, A. Maghsoudi, H. Nasri, Alireza Vahedi","doi":"10.34172/jrip.2022.32013","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.34172/jrip.2022.32013","url":null,"abstract":"Introduction: Gentamicin is an aminoglycoside antibiotic that is widely administered to treat infections caused by gram-negative bacteria. Gentamicin may cause renal injury in patients after seven days of administration. Atorvastatin is a cholesterol-lowering statin that acts through the mevalonate pathway. Objectives: In this study, we investigated the histopathological effects of atorvastatin against gentamicin-induced renal injury. Materials and Methods: Twenty male Wistar rats were randomly assigned into five groups and treated as the following; group 1 (normal group, no drug), group 2 [gentamicin group, daily 80 mg/kg, intra-peritoneal (i.p.) for 7 days], groups 3 to 5 (gentamicin 80 mg/kg + atorvastatin at doses of 5, 25 and 75 mg/kg, respectively). Kidney sections were examined for histopathological parameters including vacuolization of the kidney tubular cells, degeneration, necrosis, flattening of the tubular cells and debris in the tubular lumen. Results: Compared to the normal group, gentamicin significantly exacerbated the histopathological parameters. Treatment with atorvastatin significantly decreased vacuolization, degeneration, necrosis and debris in the nephrotoxic rats. Conclusion: The findings of this research indicated that atorvastatin therapy can ameliorate histopathological renal injury following gentamicin injection.","PeriodicalId":16950,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Renal Injury Prevention","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.7,"publicationDate":"2022-01-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"45466258","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-01-08DOI: 10.34172/jrip.2022.31994
Azita Zafar Mohtashami, A. Amiri, B. Hadian, Pardis Nasiri
Introduction: Patients undergoing dialysis are suffering from some degree of cellular immunity impairment which predispose them to develop latent tuberculosis infection (LTBI) which can turn into active tuberculosis (TB). Diagnosing LTBI in dialysis patients is helpful in preventing disease evolution. Objectives: The aim of this study was to estimate the frequency of LTBI in a group of hemodialysis patients. Patients and Methods: We studied all patients undergoing hemodialysis in Khorramabad teaching hospitals. Data were collected by completing a questionnaire through observation and interview. The Mantoux tuberculin skin test (TST) was performed, then 48 to 72 hours later, the induration was measured in millimeters. Results equal to or greater than 10 mm were considered positive. Results: One hundred and nineteen patients undergoing hemodialysis participated in the study. The mean age of patients in this study was 58.55 ± 16.04 years. The induration size at the TST site was equal to or greater than 10 mm for 97 patients (81.5%) and less than 10 mm for 22 patients (18.5%). More than 81% of participants had LTBI. Until about two years later, none developed active tuberculosis without preventive treatment. Conclusion: Several studies indicate the uncertainty of TST results in hemodialysis patients. Eighty-two percent positive is too much, and makes it difficult to consider all of them to be true positives. Therefore, it will be challenging to decide on starting preventive treatment. We recommend World Health Organization (WHO) to focus on a new affordable accessible efficient test for LTBI screening which does not require to be repeated or be confirmed by another diagnostic method, especially, for the expanded screening of the general population in the future.
{"title":"Assessment of the prevalence of latent tuberculosis infection in hemodialysis patients using tuberculin skin test","authors":"Azita Zafar Mohtashami, A. Amiri, B. Hadian, Pardis Nasiri","doi":"10.34172/jrip.2022.31994","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.34172/jrip.2022.31994","url":null,"abstract":"Introduction: Patients undergoing dialysis are suffering from some degree of cellular immunity impairment which predispose them to develop latent tuberculosis infection (LTBI) which can turn into active tuberculosis (TB). Diagnosing LTBI in dialysis patients is helpful in preventing disease evolution. Objectives: The aim of this study was to estimate the frequency of LTBI in a group of hemodialysis patients. Patients and Methods: We studied all patients undergoing hemodialysis in Khorramabad teaching hospitals. Data were collected by completing a questionnaire through observation and interview. The Mantoux tuberculin skin test (TST) was performed, then 48 to 72 hours later, the induration was measured in millimeters. Results equal to or greater than 10 mm were considered positive. Results: One hundred and nineteen patients undergoing hemodialysis participated in the study. The mean age of patients in this study was 58.55 ± 16.04 years. The induration size at the TST site was equal to or greater than 10 mm for 97 patients (81.5%) and less than 10 mm for 22 patients (18.5%). More than 81% of participants had LTBI. Until about two years later, none developed active tuberculosis without preventive treatment. Conclusion: Several studies indicate the uncertainty of TST results in hemodialysis patients. Eighty-two percent positive is too much, and makes it difficult to consider all of them to be true positives. Therefore, it will be challenging to decide on starting preventive treatment. We recommend World Health Organization (WHO) to focus on a new affordable accessible efficient test for LTBI screening which does not require to be repeated or be confirmed by another diagnostic method, especially, for the expanded screening of the general population in the future.","PeriodicalId":16950,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Renal Injury Prevention","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.7,"publicationDate":"2022-01-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"45388100","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-01-08DOI: 10.34172/jrip.2022.25804
S. Farshid, M. Reza Roshandel, A. Tehranchi, H. Ranjbar, R. Valizadeh
Introduction: The probability of encrustation after embedding ureteral stent is 9.6% in six weeks, 47.5% in 6 to 12 weeks and 76.3% in more than 12 weeks. Objectives: This study was designed to evaluate the effect of potassium citrate and hydrochlorothiazide on ureteral stent encrustation as a single-blinded clinical trial. Patients and Methods: After embedding ureteral stent in 130 patients, the individuals were randomly divided into two groups using random allocation software. Convenience sampling method was used in this study. One group was given hydrochlorothiazide and potassium citrate, and the other group did not receive any medication. All stents were the same brand and the maximum time of stents being in situ was six weeks. Four to six weeks after stent implantation, patients were referred for stent removal. Then, ureteral stent encrustation was recorded in the two groups according to the visual appearance and the difficulty in stent removing due to stent encrustation. Results: The mean age of the patients was 42.62±14.86 years. Regarding gender, 78 patients (67.8%) were male and 37 patients (32.2%) were female. In this study, 15 patients (13%) had ureteral stent encrustation, of which 13 patients (20%) were in the group without medication and two patients (4%) were in the group who received hydrochlorothiazide and potassium citrate (P = 0.012). Conclusion: The rate of ureteral stent encrustation in the patients who received hydrochlorothiazide and potassium citrate was significantly lower than the patients in the control group. This can be justified by the diuretic properties of hydrochlorothiazide and the reduction of urinary calcium levels. Additionally, high urinary citrate level and induction of urinary alkalization after the administration of potassium citrate. Are the ameliorating factors. Trial Registration: Registration of trial protocol has been approved by Iranian Registry of Clinical Trials (identifier: IRCT20180625040232N3, https://en.irct.ir/trial/46227, ethical code# IR.UMSU. REC.1396.130).
{"title":"Comparison of the effects of potassium citrate and hydrochlorothiazide on the ureteral stent encrustation in patients with long stent survival; a single-blinded clinical trial","authors":"S. Farshid, M. Reza Roshandel, A. Tehranchi, H. Ranjbar, R. Valizadeh","doi":"10.34172/jrip.2022.25804","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.34172/jrip.2022.25804","url":null,"abstract":"Introduction: The probability of encrustation after embedding ureteral stent is 9.6% in six weeks, 47.5% in 6 to 12 weeks and 76.3% in more than 12 weeks. Objectives: This study was designed to evaluate the effect of potassium citrate and hydrochlorothiazide on ureteral stent encrustation as a single-blinded clinical trial. Patients and Methods: After embedding ureteral stent in 130 patients, the individuals were randomly divided into two groups using random allocation software. Convenience sampling method was used in this study. One group was given hydrochlorothiazide and potassium citrate, and the other group did not receive any medication. All stents were the same brand and the maximum time of stents being in situ was six weeks. Four to six weeks after stent implantation, patients were referred for stent removal. Then, ureteral stent encrustation was recorded in the two groups according to the visual appearance and the difficulty in stent removing due to stent encrustation. Results: The mean age of the patients was 42.62±14.86 years. Regarding gender, 78 patients (67.8%) were male and 37 patients (32.2%) were female. In this study, 15 patients (13%) had ureteral stent encrustation, of which 13 patients (20%) were in the group without medication and two patients (4%) were in the group who received hydrochlorothiazide and potassium citrate (P = 0.012). Conclusion: The rate of ureteral stent encrustation in the patients who received hydrochlorothiazide and potassium citrate was significantly lower than the patients in the control group. This can be justified by the diuretic properties of hydrochlorothiazide and the reduction of urinary calcium levels. Additionally, high urinary citrate level and induction of urinary alkalization after the administration of potassium citrate. Are the ameliorating factors. Trial Registration: Registration of trial protocol has been approved by Iranian Registry of Clinical Trials (identifier: IRCT20180625040232N3, https://en.irct.ir/trial/46227, ethical code# IR.UMSU. REC.1396.130).","PeriodicalId":16950,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Renal Injury Prevention","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.7,"publicationDate":"2022-01-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"46732518","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
We report a 74-year-old male with a recent history of COVID-19 pneumonia who was admitted with acute periumbilical and left lower quadrant pain and respiratory distress. Laboratory data showed pre-renal azotemia and microscopic hematuria. An abdominopelvic computerized tomography (CT) scan with intravenous contrast was conducted, showing signs of right renal vein thrombosis (RVT) with extension to inferior vena cava (IVC), without any evidence of renal ischemia. The patient did not have any risk factors for thrombosis except for probable hypercoagulopathy due to COVID-19 and diabetes mellitus. He was not an appropriate candidate for surgical or radiologic thrombectomy, thus received heparin infusion accordingly. Unfortunately, he died after the cardiopulmonary arrest on the second day of admission. Considering his respiratory distress, we suspect pulmonary embolism as the most probable cause of death.
{"title":"Renal vein thrombosis in a recent COVID-19 patient; a case report","authors":"Hosna Mirfakhraee, Samaneh Saghafian Larijani, Zhaleh Zandieh, Adnan Tizmaghaze, Faranak Olamaeian, A. Tayebi, Maryam Niksolat","doi":"10.34172/jrip.2022.31997","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.34172/jrip.2022.31997","url":null,"abstract":"We report a 74-year-old male with a recent history of COVID-19 pneumonia who was admitted with acute periumbilical and left lower quadrant pain and respiratory distress. Laboratory data showed pre-renal azotemia and microscopic hematuria. An abdominopelvic computerized tomography (CT) scan with intravenous contrast was conducted, showing signs of right renal vein thrombosis (RVT) with extension to inferior vena cava (IVC), without any evidence of renal ischemia. The patient did not have any risk factors for thrombosis except for probable hypercoagulopathy due to COVID-19 and diabetes mellitus. He was not an appropriate candidate for surgical or radiologic thrombectomy, thus received heparin infusion accordingly. Unfortunately, he died after the cardiopulmonary arrest on the second day of admission. Considering his respiratory distress, we suspect pulmonary embolism as the most probable cause of death.","PeriodicalId":16950,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Renal Injury Prevention","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.7,"publicationDate":"2022-01-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47290549","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-12-11DOI: 10.34172/jrip.2022.32000
Mohammadmehdi Peighanbari, Hoda Raffieijelodar, Z. Shafii
Introduction: Remote ischemic preconditioning (RIPC) is now proposed as an effective approach for preventing contrast-induced nephropathy (CIN); however, the results on its efficacy have already remained uncertain. Objectives: We aimed to assess the beneficial effects of RIPC in preventing CIN in patients undergoing coronary angiography (CA) followed by angioplasty. Patients and Methods: One hundred patients candidate for elective CA and coronary angioplasty, moderate to high risk for CIN were randomized into two groups including the group which planned for RIPC, and the control group. The overall prevalence rate of CIN was assessed and compared across the two groups. Results: The two groups were matched for demographics, cardiovascular risk profiles and laboratory parameters. The prevalence of CIN in RIPC group was 14.0% and in the control group was 26.0% indicating no statistical difference between the two groups (P = 0.105). Requiring dialysis was also planned for 0.0% and 2.0% respectively with no difference (P = 0.500). Conclusion: RIPC may not prevent CIN in patients who are candidate for invasive CA. Trial Registration: The study was approved in the Iranian Registry of Clinical Trials (identifier: IRCT20171230038144N1; https://www.irct.ir/trial/28715, ethical code: IR.IUMS. FMD.REC 1396.9311171014).
{"title":"The role of remote ischemic preconditioning in preventing contrast-induced nephropathy following invasive coronary angiography; a randomized controlled trial","authors":"Mohammadmehdi Peighanbari, Hoda Raffieijelodar, Z. Shafii","doi":"10.34172/jrip.2022.32000","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.34172/jrip.2022.32000","url":null,"abstract":"Introduction: Remote ischemic preconditioning (RIPC) is now proposed as an effective approach for preventing contrast-induced nephropathy (CIN); however, the results on its efficacy have already remained uncertain. Objectives: We aimed to assess the beneficial effects of RIPC in preventing CIN in patients undergoing coronary angiography (CA) followed by angioplasty. Patients and Methods: One hundred patients candidate for elective CA and coronary angioplasty, moderate to high risk for CIN were randomized into two groups including the group which planned for RIPC, and the control group. The overall prevalence rate of CIN was assessed and compared across the two groups. Results: The two groups were matched for demographics, cardiovascular risk profiles and laboratory parameters. The prevalence of CIN in RIPC group was 14.0% and in the control group was 26.0% indicating no statistical difference between the two groups (P = 0.105). Requiring dialysis was also planned for 0.0% and 2.0% respectively with no difference (P = 0.500). Conclusion: RIPC may not prevent CIN in patients who are candidate for invasive CA. Trial Registration: The study was approved in the Iranian Registry of Clinical Trials (identifier: IRCT20171230038144N1; https://www.irct.ir/trial/28715, ethical code: IR.IUMS. FMD.REC 1396.9311171014).","PeriodicalId":16950,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Renal Injury Prevention","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.7,"publicationDate":"2021-12-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"45713478","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-12-10DOI: 10.34172/jrip.2022.30858
Nurul Hafiez Fijasri, Mohamed Ashraf Mohamed Daud, Wan Zainira Wan Zain, Siti Rahmah Hashim Isa Merican, I. S. Mohamad
Large benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH) that obstructs the urinary bladder neck was a known cause of acute renal dysfunction. However, it is rare to get renal impairment in a non-dilated upper tract caused by BPH. We are reporting a case of a man who presented to our urology unit with remarkable renal impairment due to concurrent BPH, with no evidence of a dilated system. The patient is a 65-year-old man who presented to our urology unit for the complaints of severe irritative and obstructive symptoms of the lower urinary tract for the past few months. Initial renal function test showed severe renal impairment and ultrasound of kidney urinary and bladder (KUB) revealed normal bilateral kidneys with no evidence of hydronephrosis bilaterally. The patient subsequently underwent transurethral resection of the prostate (TURP) in our centre and his kidney function instantaneously returned to normal before discharging home. Dilated urinary system in obstructive uropathy does not always correspond to the degree of obstruction as in our case. Thus, immediate intervention to release obstruction in a non-dilated urinary system due to bladder neck obstruction is recommended.
{"title":"A case report to a successful surgical treatment of non-catheter dependent benign prostatic hyperplasia as a cause of non-dilated obstructive uropathy","authors":"Nurul Hafiez Fijasri, Mohamed Ashraf Mohamed Daud, Wan Zainira Wan Zain, Siti Rahmah Hashim Isa Merican, I. S. Mohamad","doi":"10.34172/jrip.2022.30858","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.34172/jrip.2022.30858","url":null,"abstract":"Large benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH) that obstructs the urinary bladder neck was a known cause of acute renal dysfunction. However, it is rare to get renal impairment in a non-dilated upper tract caused by BPH. We are reporting a case of a man who presented to our urology unit with remarkable renal impairment due to concurrent BPH, with no evidence of a dilated system. The patient is a 65-year-old man who presented to our urology unit for the complaints of severe irritative and obstructive symptoms of the lower urinary tract for the past few months. Initial renal function test showed severe renal impairment and ultrasound of kidney urinary and bladder (KUB) revealed normal bilateral kidneys with no evidence of hydronephrosis bilaterally. The patient subsequently underwent transurethral resection of the prostate (TURP) in our centre and his kidney function instantaneously returned to normal before discharging home. Dilated urinary system in obstructive uropathy does not always correspond to the degree of obstruction as in our case. Thus, immediate intervention to release obstruction in a non-dilated urinary system due to bladder neck obstruction is recommended.","PeriodicalId":16950,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Renal Injury Prevention","volume":"27 8","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.7,"publicationDate":"2021-12-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41310692","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-12-06DOI: 10.34172/jrip.2022.31942
Adil Mustafa, Moamin J. Salim, K. N. Ahmad, M. Ahmed, Azzawi M. Hadi
Introduction: Hypericum perforatum consists of several biologically active compounds that may affect cell physiology. Objectives: This study attempted to estimate the effect and safety of a tea that was prepared from H. perforatum on renal histology and function. Materials and Methods: A double-blind controlled experimental trial was conducted on 25 male rats. These animals were divided into four groups. Three of them were labeled as the study groups, and each consisted of seven animals. The fourth group was labeled as the control group consisting of four animals that lived in the same environment and consumed the same food as the other groups. The animals in each study group consumed a prepared tea with a different concentration for each group. The herbal tea of H. perforatum was made as recommended by the local traditional preparation method. Doses of 3, 6, and 9 cc/kg/d were calculated and selected according to the recommendation. Each of these doses was given to each group of the experiment for four weeks mixed with water. Results: A slight increase in blood urea and serum creatinine and a decrease in serum albumin levels were noticed in the experimental groups compared to the control group. In addition, the weight of the kidneys in the study groups was more than the control group. There were microscopical changes in the renal histology that was noticed in the higher doses of H. perforatum tea. Conclusion: Higher doses of H. perforatum tea can induce damage to the renal tissue.
{"title":"Effect of hypericum perforatum tea on renal histology and function","authors":"Adil Mustafa, Moamin J. Salim, K. N. Ahmad, M. Ahmed, Azzawi M. Hadi","doi":"10.34172/jrip.2022.31942","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.34172/jrip.2022.31942","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000 Introduction:\u0000 Hypericum perforatum consists of several biologically active compounds that may affect cell physiology. Objectives: This study attempted to estimate the effect and safety of a tea that was prepared from H. perforatum on renal histology and function. Materials and Methods: A double-blind controlled experimental trial was conducted on 25 male rats. These animals were divided into four groups. Three of them were labeled as the study groups, and each consisted of seven animals. The fourth group was labeled as the control group consisting of four animals that lived in the same environment and consumed the same food as the other groups. The animals in each study group consumed a prepared tea with a different concentration for each group. The herbal tea of H. perforatum was made as recommended by the local traditional preparation method. Doses of 3, 6, and 9 cc/kg/d were calculated and selected according to the recommendation. Each of these doses was given to each group of the experiment for four weeks mixed with water. Results: A slight increase in blood urea and serum creatinine and a decrease in serum albumin levels were noticed in the experimental groups compared to the control group. In addition, the weight of the kidneys in the study groups was more than the control group. There were microscopical changes in the renal histology that was noticed in the higher doses of H. perforatum tea. Conclusion: Higher doses of H. perforatum tea can induce damage to the renal tissue.","PeriodicalId":16950,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Renal Injury Prevention","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.7,"publicationDate":"2021-12-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41706549","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-11-05DOI: 10.34172/jrip.2022.31969
Nader Nourimajalan, A. Shajari, Sarasadat Moghadasimousavi
A In most cases, neither angiotensin converting enzyme (ACE) inhibitor therapy nor angiotensin II receptor blockers (ARBs) therapy alone inhibits completely the renin-angiotensin aldosterone system (RAAS). The drawbacks of ACE inhibitors are the ACE escape and aldosterone escape phenomenon, which are related to the tissue construction of angiotensin II and aldosterone by enzymes besides ACE. Combination of RAAS inhibition may avoid the ACE and aldosterone escape events that increases the efficiency of ACE inhibitors and ARBs and obstruct all angiotensin II and aldosterone actions accordingly. ONTARGET, largest trial of combination against alone RAAS blockade therapy in patients with vascular diseases or diabetes along with disease of such organs displayed that combination therapy advised no extra-benefit in reducing advance to end-stage renal disease in diabetic patients and decreasing the risk of cardiovascular. Certainly, in this trial, the administration of dual RAAS blockade therapy of an ACE inhibitor plus ARB was correlated with a higher degree of side effects in comparison to monotherapy. In addition to the study of ONTARGET, the ORIENT, VALIANT, VA NEPHRON-D and HALT-PKD trials also proved this finding. Adverse events associated with combination therapy of ACE inhibitor plus ARB is including hyperkalemia, low blood pressure, acute kidney injury (AKI) and withdrawal because of side effects.
{"title":"Benefits and risks of dual inhibition of the renin– angiotensin aldosterone system for kidney disease","authors":"Nader Nourimajalan, A. Shajari, Sarasadat Moghadasimousavi","doi":"10.34172/jrip.2022.31969","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.34172/jrip.2022.31969","url":null,"abstract":"A In most cases, neither angiotensin converting enzyme (ACE) inhibitor therapy nor angiotensin II receptor blockers (ARBs) therapy alone inhibits completely the renin-angiotensin aldosterone system (RAAS). The drawbacks of ACE inhibitors are the ACE escape and aldosterone escape phenomenon, which are related to the tissue construction of angiotensin II and aldosterone by enzymes besides ACE. Combination of RAAS inhibition may avoid the ACE and aldosterone escape events that increases the efficiency of ACE inhibitors and ARBs and obstruct all angiotensin II and aldosterone actions accordingly. ONTARGET, largest trial of combination against alone RAAS blockade therapy in patients with vascular diseases or diabetes along with disease of such organs displayed that combination therapy advised no extra-benefit in reducing advance to end-stage renal disease in diabetic patients and decreasing the risk of cardiovascular. Certainly, in this trial, the administration of dual RAAS blockade therapy of an ACE inhibitor plus ARB was correlated with a higher degree of side effects in comparison to monotherapy. In addition to the study of ONTARGET, the ORIENT, VALIANT, VA NEPHRON-D and HALT-PKD trials also proved this finding. Adverse events associated with combination therapy of ACE inhibitor plus ARB is including hyperkalemia, low blood pressure, acute kidney injury (AKI) and withdrawal because of side effects.","PeriodicalId":16950,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Renal Injury Prevention","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.7,"publicationDate":"2021-11-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"49519652","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-11-02DOI: 10.34172/jrip.2022.27830
S. Sadeghi-bojd, Gholamreza Soleimani, Seyed Hosein Soleimanzadeh Mousavi, Saeedeh Yaghoubi
Introduction: Causes of acute renal failure in children vary in developed and developing countries. Prevention plays an important role in reducing the complications of acute renal failure (ARF), while changes in fluid therapy management and infection control can reduce the incidence and severity of renal failure. Objectives: The aim of this study was to investigate the prevalence and causes of ARF in children. Patients and Methods: A prospective descriptive-analytical study was conducted in Ali-Ibn-Abitaleb hospital in Zahedan during a period of one year from April to March 2017 in patients aged one month to 15 years who were admitted to the pediatric emergency department. Results: Among 201 patients with acute kidney injury (AKI), the highest number was 112 patients (28.3%) between one month and one year, followed by 80 patients (7.9%), one year to five years, and 9 patients (3.1%) above 5 years. Gender did not play a significant role in the development of acute kidney disease. The most common causes of AKI were sepsis (87.2%), underlying renal disease (64.9%), heart disease (37.5%), and gastrointestinal disease (19.5%), respectively. The most common laboratory findings in patients with AKI were hypokalemia (56.7%) and hypernatremia (57.1%). Conclusion: ARF is one of the most problems in medical system, but its exact cause is not well established. Knowing ARF epidemiology by standard definitions can help to measure high-risk pediatrics, as the first step for treatment and improving outcomes. A future study may benefit from better identification of risk factors and early detection of AKI using novel biomarkers to prevent the progression of AKI.
{"title":"Prevalence of acute renal failure in pediatrics admitted to the emergency department","authors":"S. Sadeghi-bojd, Gholamreza Soleimani, Seyed Hosein Soleimanzadeh Mousavi, Saeedeh Yaghoubi","doi":"10.34172/jrip.2022.27830","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.34172/jrip.2022.27830","url":null,"abstract":"Introduction: Causes of acute renal failure in children vary in developed and developing countries. Prevention plays an important role in reducing the complications of acute renal failure (ARF), while changes in fluid therapy management and infection control can reduce the incidence and severity of renal failure. Objectives: The aim of this study was to investigate the prevalence and causes of ARF in children. Patients and Methods: A prospective descriptive-analytical study was conducted in Ali-Ibn-Abitaleb hospital in Zahedan during a period of one year from April to March 2017 in patients aged one month to 15 years who were admitted to the pediatric emergency department. Results: Among 201 patients with acute kidney injury (AKI), the highest number was 112 patients (28.3%) between one month and one year, followed by 80 patients (7.9%), one year to five years, and 9 patients (3.1%) above 5 years. Gender did not play a significant role in the development of acute kidney disease. The most common causes of AKI were sepsis (87.2%), underlying renal disease (64.9%), heart disease (37.5%), and gastrointestinal disease (19.5%), respectively. The most common laboratory findings in patients with AKI were hypokalemia (56.7%) and hypernatremia (57.1%). Conclusion: ARF is one of the most problems in medical system, but its exact cause is not well established. Knowing ARF epidemiology by standard definitions can help to measure high-risk pediatrics, as the first step for treatment and improving outcomes. A future study may benefit from better identification of risk factors and early detection of AKI using novel biomarkers to prevent the progression of AKI.","PeriodicalId":16950,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Renal Injury Prevention","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.7,"publicationDate":"2021-11-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44100748","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
京公网安备 11010802042870号
京ICP备2023020795号-1
扫码关注我们
求助内容：
应助结果提醒方式：