This paper models the relationship between innovation and sustained economic growth through as being mediated by institutions that calibrate a 'structure of technological production' analogous to capital-based models of the structure of production. Our framework discusses two types of capital: physical capital and ethereal capital (productivity-enhancing ideas). We cast these two structures in a network, the structure of which is determined by the institutions of a society. Predictions derived from this model may resolve some puzzles in the history of economic growth, such as ancient inventions 'far ahead of their time' failing to stimulate sustained growth, the phenomena of simultaneous independent invention, and failures of technology transfers.
{"title":"A Tale of Two Capitals: Modeling the Interaction between Ideas, Physical Capital, and Growth","authors":"S. Gangotena, Ryan Safner","doi":"10.2139/ssrn.3789195","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2139/ssrn.3789195","url":null,"abstract":"This paper models the relationship between innovation and sustained economic growth through as being mediated by institutions that calibrate a 'structure of technological production' analogous to capital-based models of the structure of production. Our framework discusses two types of capital: physical capital and ethereal capital (productivity-enhancing ideas). We cast these two structures in a network, the structure of which is determined by the institutions of a society. Predictions derived from this model may resolve some puzzles in the history of economic growth, such as ancient inventions 'far ahead of their time' failing to stimulate sustained growth, the phenomena of simultaneous independent invention, and failures of technology transfers.","PeriodicalId":169525,"journal":{"name":"IRPN: Innovation Networks (Topic)","volume":"14 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-01-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"132244087","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Goal amounts set by entrepreneurs in reward-based crowdfunding campaigns exhibit clear clustering at round numbers. The use of round goal amounts is associated with lower likelihood of campaign success and adverse campaign performance for the entrepreneurs. The use of round numbers in prior campaigns has predictive power over subsequent campaign success, suggesting that the round number heuristic conveys information about entrepreneur quality. A quasi-experiment based on a rule change reducing the average entrepreneur quality is associated with increased use of round numbers and weaker resulting campaign performance. The likelihood of setting a round goal amount decreases with entrepreneur experience.
{"title":"The Round Number Heuristic and Entrepreneur Crowdfunding Performance","authors":"Tse-Chun Lin, Vesa Pursiainen","doi":"10.2139/ssrn.3224543","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2139/ssrn.3224543","url":null,"abstract":"Goal amounts set by entrepreneurs in reward-based crowdfunding campaigns exhibit clear clustering at round numbers. The use of round goal amounts is associated with lower likelihood of campaign success and adverse campaign performance for the entrepreneurs. The use of round numbers in prior campaigns has predictive power over subsequent campaign success, suggesting that the round number heuristic conveys information about entrepreneur quality. A quasi-experiment based on a rule change reducing the average entrepreneur quality is associated with increased use of round numbers and weaker resulting campaign performance. The likelihood of setting a round goal amount decreases with entrepreneur experience.","PeriodicalId":169525,"journal":{"name":"IRPN: Innovation Networks (Topic)","volume":"38 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-01-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"123285926","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2020-09-30DOI: 10.5121/ijcnc.2020.12502
J. A. Jahanshahi
Since Doppler shift is one of the most important parameters in wireless propagation, the evaluation of the Doppler shift at the base station (BTS) in vehicular communications improves BTS in many aspects such as channel varying rate, jamming detection, and handover operations. Therefore, in this study, we propose a novel method at a base station based on the received user signal to estimate the channel Doppler shift seen by BTS. Utilizing the inherent information existed in common receivers, a level crossing rate (LCR) based Doppler shift estimation algorithm is developed without any excessive hardware. Moreover, a jamming detection algorithm is improved based on the proposed Doppler shift estimation scheme. The performance of the proposed scheme is evaluated in a Terrestrial Trunked Radio (TETRA) network, and comprehensive experimental results have shown superior performance in a wide range of velocities, signal to noise ratios and jammers.
{"title":"Jamming Detection based on Doppler Shift Estimation in Vehicular Communications Systems","authors":"J. A. Jahanshahi","doi":"10.5121/ijcnc.2020.12502","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5121/ijcnc.2020.12502","url":null,"abstract":"Since Doppler shift is one of the most important parameters in wireless propagation, the evaluation of the Doppler shift at the base station (BTS) in vehicular communications improves BTS in many aspects such as channel varying rate, jamming detection, and handover operations. Therefore, in this study, we propose a novel method at a base station based on the received user signal to estimate the channel Doppler shift seen by BTS. Utilizing the inherent information existed in common receivers, a level crossing rate (LCR) based Doppler shift estimation algorithm is developed without any excessive hardware. Moreover, a jamming detection algorithm is improved based on the proposed Doppler shift estimation scheme. The performance of the proposed scheme is evaluated in a Terrestrial Trunked Radio (TETRA) network, and comprehensive experimental results have shown superior performance in a wide range of velocities, signal to noise ratios and jammers.","PeriodicalId":169525,"journal":{"name":"IRPN: Innovation Networks (Topic)","volume":"48 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-09-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"117269041","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Business derives technology and technology enables Business” and the best and live example to prove the above technology is cloud computing and cryptography. As we all know from last one decade everything has changed the markets have transformed to e-market and from cash transactions we have switched over to e-wallet and online transactions but as these resources and technologies evolves they brings some drastic changes within them. Space and security are the two major concerns where space means the networks, storages, database and applications where security includes security of data and records in every sense Cloud computing resolves the problem of space as it provides space and access to networks, applications. Whereas cryptography ensures the security of data. In this research paper we are going to discuss that how cloud computing and Elliptic Curve Cryptography (ECC) when combined together makes it more easy safe and secure for user. Semantic Computing is an extension of Semantic Web. It connects and combines technologies such as software engineering, user interface, programming language, grid computing and pervasive computing, natural language processing, artificial intelligence, among others, into a complete and unified theme.
{"title":"Secured Cloud Computing Model Using Cryptographic Techniques and Its Comparative Analysis Using Semantics and Task Scheduling","authors":"Dr. S Sathish Kumar, Varsha Sharma","doi":"10.2139/ssrn.3310095","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2139/ssrn.3310095","url":null,"abstract":"Business derives technology and technology enables Business” and the best and live example to prove the above technology is cloud computing and cryptography. As we all know from last one decade everything has changed the markets have transformed to e-market and from cash transactions we have switched over to e-wallet and online transactions but as these resources and technologies evolves they brings some drastic changes within them. Space and security are the two major concerns where space means the networks, storages, database and applications where security includes security of data and records in every sense Cloud computing resolves the problem of space as it provides space and access to networks, applications. Whereas cryptography ensures the security of data. In this research paper we are going to discuss that how cloud computing and Elliptic Curve Cryptography (ECC) when combined together makes it more easy safe and secure for user. Semantic Computing is an extension of Semantic Web. It connects and combines technologies such as software engineering, user interface, programming language, grid computing and pervasive computing, natural language processing, artificial intelligence, among others, into a complete and unified theme.","PeriodicalId":169525,"journal":{"name":"IRPN: Innovation Networks (Topic)","volume":"40 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-01-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"132388641","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
This study aims to determine whether there is influence between Information and Communication Technology (ICT), Innovation in Small and Medium Enterprises (SMES), Internet, Networks and Entrepreneurship to the Development of the Creative Economy. This research was conducted for two months from July until December 2018. The research method used is survey method with the approach of causality. The population in this study is the inhabitants of the millennial generation, which amounted to 316 respondents. The sampling technique used is the technique of nonprobability purposive sampling namely the inhabitants of the millennial domiciled in Jakarta, so that the sample in this study amounted to 290 respondents. The technique of data grouping is using the techniques of literature and questionnaire. Data analysis techniques using software SmartPLS version 3.2.8. Partial Least Square (PLS) with the analysis of structural equation (SEM). The results showed that the variables that have a major influence on the creative economy is a Network. While the variables that have a low influence against the Creative Economy is the Innovation of SMES. The value of the Innovation of SMES shows that the Innovation of SMES have the direction to the negative relationship. It can be said, if the Creative Economy is high then the not necessarily have innovation in the business activities. While the Innovation of SMES will not necessarily generate a creative economy. The description above shows that there is a significant influence between Information and Communications Technology (ICT), Innovation in Small and Medium Enterprises, Internet, Network and Entrepreneurship.
{"title":"The Influence of ICT, Innovation of SMES, Internet, Networking, Entrepreneurship to the Development of the Creative Economy","authors":"Osly Usman, A. Claudia, Siti Nafilah","doi":"10.2139/ssrn.3309622","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2139/ssrn.3309622","url":null,"abstract":"This study aims to determine whether there is influence between Information and Communication Technology (ICT), Innovation in Small and Medium Enterprises (SMES), Internet, Networks and Entrepreneurship to the Development of the Creative Economy. This research was conducted for two months from July until December 2018. The research method used is survey method with the approach of causality. The population in this study is the inhabitants of the millennial generation, which amounted to 316 respondents. The sampling technique used is the technique of nonprobability purposive sampling namely the inhabitants of the millennial domiciled in Jakarta, so that the sample in this study amounted to 290 respondents. The technique of data grouping is using the techniques of literature and questionnaire. Data analysis techniques using software SmartPLS version 3.2.8. Partial Least Square (PLS) with the analysis of structural equation (SEM). The results showed that the variables that have a major influence on the creative economy is a Network. While the variables that have a low influence against the Creative Economy is the Innovation of SMES. The value of the Innovation of SMES shows that the Innovation of SMES have the direction to the negative relationship. It can be said, if the Creative Economy is high then the not necessarily have innovation in the business activities. While the Innovation of SMES will not necessarily generate a creative economy. The description above shows that there is a significant influence between Information and Communications Technology (ICT), Innovation in Small and Medium Enterprises, Internet, Network and Entrepreneurship.","PeriodicalId":169525,"journal":{"name":"IRPN: Innovation Networks (Topic)","volume":"71 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-01-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"114719768","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Internet, as a global communications network, forms electronic market and the supply of many new services which have a huge impact on business and society. IT has made enormous changes in the financial sector and today is an important factor for the successful achievement of banks targets. Bank information systems are the basis of each bank and without these extremely complex systems, today there would be neither internet banking, nor mobile and it is no surprise that the banks give special attention to precisely these systems in order to be successful in the market where customers' expectations rise as each day passes by. This paper has defined five approaches which lead to business excellence banks, which together form a system. It presents the research which will provide answers to various questions related to analysis of implementation and functionality of e-banking services in the Croatia. The purpose of this study was to observe the concept of business excellence and whose improvement leads to more performance. Considering that the banking is an important part of the economy and it is closely associated with the technology, conducted research will answer the variety of questions and user needs while visiting the banks Websites.
{"title":"Analysis of Electronic Banking and Its Impact on the Excellence of Banks in Croatia","authors":"Natalija Kokolek, Dajana Ćorić","doi":"10.2139/ssrn.3282265","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2139/ssrn.3282265","url":null,"abstract":"Internet, as a global communications network, forms electronic market and the supply of many new services which have a huge impact on business and society. IT has made enormous changes in the financial sector and today is an important factor for the successful achievement of banks targets. Bank information systems are the basis of each bank and without these extremely complex systems, today there would be neither internet banking, nor mobile and it is no surprise that the banks give special attention to precisely these systems in order to be successful in the market where customers' expectations rise as each day passes by. This paper has defined five approaches which lead to business excellence banks, which together form a system. It presents the research which will provide answers to various questions related to analysis of implementation and functionality of e-banking services in the Croatia. The purpose of this study was to observe the concept of business excellence and whose improvement leads to more performance. Considering that the banking is an important part of the economy and it is closely associated with the technology, conducted research will answer the variety of questions and user needs while visiting the banks Websites.","PeriodicalId":169525,"journal":{"name":"IRPN: Innovation Networks (Topic)","volume":"53 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2016-09-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"116903145","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Following the discussion on the role of Internet in the formation of ties across space, this paper seeks to supplement recent findings on location-dependent preferential attachment online. For this purpose, instead of looking at egonetworks, we look at networks of online communities specifically aimed at development of location-independent ties. The paper focuses on professional communities of software developers. The data are obtained automatically from the VKontakte social networking site. Evidence suggests that membership, friendship, commenting and liking ties are overwhelmingly cross-city
{"title":"When Location Does Not Matter: Membership and Networking in Online Communities of Software Developers","authors":"Olessia Koltsova, S. Koltcov","doi":"10.2139/ssrn.2542189","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2139/ssrn.2542189","url":null,"abstract":"Following the discussion on the role of Internet in the formation of ties across space, this paper seeks to supplement recent findings on location-dependent preferential attachment online. For this purpose, instead of looking at egonetworks, we look at networks of online communities specifically aimed at development of location-independent ties. The paper focuses on professional communities of software developers. The data are obtained automatically from the VKontakte social networking site. Evidence suggests that membership, friendship, commenting and liking ties are overwhelmingly cross-city","PeriodicalId":169525,"journal":{"name":"IRPN: Innovation Networks (Topic)","volume":"102 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2014-12-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"114627822","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
F. Grippa, Shannon M. Provost, P. Gloor, M. McKean, Sunny Thakkar
In this paper we describe a methodology to measure communication behaviors in innovation teams. We collected data over two years by mining email communication archives and applied the methodology to study innovation teams working to re-design the delivery of care for chronically ill children. We used social network analysis and sentiment analysis to calculate network metrics such as group density, group betweenness centrality, actor betweenness centrality, average weighted variance in contribution index, and emotionality ratio. We administered surveys to senior leaders to assess their perception of teams’ performance. We conducted “virtual mirroring” sessions with teams to share preliminary results. This paper explores the associations between performance, network density and average weighted variance in contribution index. Our preliminary findings show that high-performing teams tend to interact in less close-knit networks characterized by lower network density and a more balanced exchange of information among team members.
{"title":"Recognizing Communication Patterns in Chronic Care Innovation Networks","authors":"F. Grippa, Shannon M. Provost, P. Gloor, M. McKean, Sunny Thakkar","doi":"10.2139/ssrn.2539920","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2139/ssrn.2539920","url":null,"abstract":"In this paper we describe a methodology to measure communication behaviors in innovation teams. We collected data over two years by mining email communication archives and applied the methodology to study innovation teams working to re-design the delivery of care for chronically ill children. We used social network analysis and sentiment analysis to calculate network metrics such as group density, group betweenness centrality, actor betweenness centrality, average weighted variance in contribution index, and emotionality ratio. We administered surveys to senior leaders to assess their perception of teams’ performance. We conducted “virtual mirroring” sessions with teams to share preliminary results. This paper explores the associations between performance, network density and average weighted variance in contribution index. Our preliminary findings show that high-performing teams tend to interact in less close-knit networks characterized by lower network density and a more balanced exchange of information among team members.","PeriodicalId":169525,"journal":{"name":"IRPN: Innovation Networks (Topic)","volume":"25 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2014-08-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"116447912","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Creativity has a strong social component. The capture of distributed collective creativity plays a significant role in the innovative processes in organizations. In recent years, many localized spaces of collaborative innovation have been created predominantly in cities under different names such as: Fab Labs, hackerspaces, makerspaces, co-working spaces and Living Labs. All these spaces are based on openness, collaboration, and knowledge sharing. However, they differ in their entrepreneurial approach. This chapter proposes a classification of different localized collaborative spaces according to 1) their focus either on the exploration of new ideas or the exploitation of innovations with a business purpose, and 2) the governance mode, whether it is ‘top-down’ or ‘bottom-up’. It analyses the similarities and differences of these four different ‘ideal’ types and discusses how these spaces act as platforms for interaction of local actors and potential places for the emergence of local communities around specific practices and interests.
{"title":"Typologies of Localized Spaces of Collaborative Innovation","authors":"Ignasi Capdevila","doi":"10.2139/ssrn.2414402","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2139/ssrn.2414402","url":null,"abstract":"Creativity has a strong social component. The capture of distributed collective creativity plays a significant role in the innovative processes in organizations. In recent years, many localized spaces of collaborative innovation have been created predominantly in cities under different names such as: Fab Labs, hackerspaces, makerspaces, co-working spaces and Living Labs. All these spaces are based on openness, collaboration, and knowledge sharing. However, they differ in their entrepreneurial approach. This chapter proposes a classification of different localized collaborative spaces according to 1) their focus either on the exploration of new ideas or the exploitation of innovations with a business purpose, and 2) the governance mode, whether it is ‘top-down’ or ‘bottom-up’. It analyses the similarities and differences of these four different ‘ideal’ types and discusses how these spaces act as platforms for interaction of local actors and potential places for the emergence of local communities around specific practices and interests.","PeriodicalId":169525,"journal":{"name":"IRPN: Innovation Networks (Topic)","volume":"2 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2013-06-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"128745245","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Inter-firm R&D collaborations through contractual arrangements have become increasingly popular, but in many cases they are broken up without any joint discovery. We provide a rationale for the breakup date in R&D collaboration agreements. More specifically, we consider a research consortium initiated by a firm A with a firm B. B has private information about whether it is committed to the project or a free-rider. We show that under fairly general conditions, a breakup date in the contract is a (second-best) optimal screening device for firm A to screen out free-riders. With the additional constraint of renegotiation proofness, A can only partially screen out free-riders: entry by some free-riders makes sure that A does not have an incentive to renegotiate the contract ex post. We also propose empirical strategies for identifying the three likely causes of a breakup date: adverse selection, moral hazard, and project non-viability.
{"title":"Breaking Up a Research Consortium","authors":"Andras Niedermayer, Jianjun Wu","doi":"10.2139/ssrn.2261461","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2139/ssrn.2261461","url":null,"abstract":"Inter-firm R&D collaborations through contractual arrangements have become increasingly popular, but in many cases they are broken up without any joint discovery. We provide a rationale for the breakup date in R&D collaboration agreements. More specifically, we consider a research consortium initiated by a firm A with a firm B. B has private information about whether it is committed to the project or a free-rider. We show that under fairly general conditions, a breakup date in the contract is a (second-best) optimal screening device for firm A to screen out free-riders. With the additional constraint of renegotiation proofness, A can only partially screen out free-riders: entry by some free-riders makes sure that A does not have an incentive to renegotiate the contract ex post. We also propose empirical strategies for identifying the three likely causes of a breakup date: adverse selection, moral hazard, and project non-viability.","PeriodicalId":169525,"journal":{"name":"IRPN: Innovation Networks (Topic)","volume":"122 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2013-05-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"133860120","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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