Pub Date : 1984-10-01DOI: 10.1177/009346588401400204
R. Lomax
n spite of numerous developments in coating technology during the past I decade, the basic methods for manufacturing coated fabrics have not radically altered. These materials function by blocking the pores of a woven, knitted or non-woven fabric with a cohesive polymer film which acts as a physical barrier against wind, water, and, in the case of protective workwear, aggressive chemicals, oils, and greases. The barrier concept thus distinguishes polymer coatings from chemical finishes, which merely coat the individual fibres of a fabric without blocking the pores, and repel fluids by surface tension effects. Recent advances in polymer coatings have been associated mainly with polyurethanes (PUS) and acrylics, both of which are amenable to basic changes in chemical composition to achieve new performance levels. Silicones, and to a lesser extent the fluorocarbon rubbers, have also flourished for specialist applications, whilst PVC, natural rubber, and many synthetic rubber coatings have not advanced as significantly for clothing purposes. A combination of these latest coatings with the development of coating techniques for loosely-woven fabrics, dimensionally unstable knits, and non-woven fabrics, which cannot be coated by direct knife spreading or calendering, has greatly extended the range of coated fabrics and enduses available to apparel manufacturers.
{"title":"Recent Developments in Coated Apparel","authors":"R. Lomax","doi":"10.1177/009346588401400204","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/009346588401400204","url":null,"abstract":"n spite of numerous developments in coating technology during the past I decade, the basic methods for manufacturing coated fabrics have not radically altered. These materials function by blocking the pores of a woven, knitted or non-woven fabric with a cohesive polymer film which acts as a physical barrier against wind, water, and, in the case of protective workwear, aggressive chemicals, oils, and greases. The barrier concept thus distinguishes polymer coatings from chemical finishes, which merely coat the individual fibres of a fabric without blocking the pores, and repel fluids by surface tension effects. Recent advances in polymer coatings have been associated mainly with polyurethanes (PUS) and acrylics, both of which are amenable to basic changes in chemical composition to achieve new performance levels. Silicones, and to a lesser extent the fluorocarbon rubbers, have also flourished for specialist applications, whilst PVC, natural rubber, and many synthetic rubber coatings have not advanced as significantly for clothing purposes. A combination of these latest coatings with the development of coating techniques for loosely-woven fabrics, dimensionally unstable knits, and non-woven fabrics, which cannot be coated by direct knife spreading or calendering, has greatly extended the range of coated fabrics and enduses available to apparel manufacturers.","PeriodicalId":170115,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Coated Fabrics","volume":"32 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1984-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"134516784","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 1984-10-01DOI: 10.1177/009346588401400201
Laminated boards Assignee: Matsushita Electric Works Patent No.: 50094450 Laminated boards in multiple manufacture by not pressing layers of metal free prepregs with interposing release sheets. The outer boards may optionally have a metal foil layer. Prepreg sheets are prepared by impregnation with resin varnish into a substrate of woven/nonwoven/glass fiber matletc. Process provides laminated boards concurrently for improved productivity.
{"title":"Patent","authors":"","doi":"10.1177/009346588401400201","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/009346588401400201","url":null,"abstract":"Laminated boards Assignee: Matsushita Electric Works Patent No.: 50094450 Laminated boards in multiple manufacture by not pressing layers of metal free prepregs with interposing release sheets. The outer boards may optionally have a metal foil layer. Prepreg sheets are prepared by impregnation with resin varnish into a substrate of woven/nonwoven/glass fiber matletc. Process provides laminated boards concurrently for improved productivity.","PeriodicalId":170115,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Coated Fabrics","volume":"13 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1984-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"117133953","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 1984-10-01DOI: 10.1177/009346588401400203
A. Lambert, E. J. Keating
The mechanics of a second generation atomization system for low wet pickup finishing has been studied. Air transports liquid spray particles to fabric from nozzles and utilizes particle momentum to eject the particles onto the fabric by redirecting the air/spray mixture. Wetting rates and uniformity were observed.
{"title":"Atomization System for Low Wet Pickup Finishing: Second Generation","authors":"A. Lambert, E. J. Keating","doi":"10.1177/009346588401400203","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/009346588401400203","url":null,"abstract":"The mechanics of a second generation atomization system for low wet pickup finishing has been studied. Air transports liquid spray particles to fabric from nozzles and utilizes particle momentum to eject the particles onto the fabric by redirecting the air/spray mixture. Wetting rates and uniformity were observed.","PeriodicalId":170115,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Coated Fabrics","volume":"11 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1984-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"121417789","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 1984-10-01DOI: 10.1177/009346588401400202
G. Flood
his paper is designed to familiarize the reader with the concept of ultraT sonic energy and its relationship to the bonding of non-woven fibers. It is hoped that it will provide a background for creative thought and further inquiry and research into ultrasonic technology and its contribution to fiber bonding technology. An exhaustive examination of ultrasonic theory is not provided because it would be of little use until specific applications oriented questions are developed. Ultrasonic energy is now a well established tool of any industry using thermoplastic materials. However, ultrasonic energy's usefulness precedes thermoplastic applications and originates in World War II sonar technology followed by industrial applications for non-destructive testing, industrial ultrasonic cleaning and ultrasonic plastic joining to mention a few. The use of this technology in fabric and fiber bonding goes back to 1970 and is probably best known in the textile industry for ultrasonically formed mattress pads and bedspreads via the PinsonicO process. It is the Pinsonic9 process which has provided the foundation for using ultrasonic energy to laminate and/or form non-woven fabrics and products. Why was the Pinsonic9 process so successful and why do we think ultrasonic bonding has so much promise in the non-woven industry? It is because of inherent advantages that generally apply to all welding of
{"title":"Ultrasonic Energy, a Process for Laminating and Bonding Nonwoven Web Structures","authors":"G. Flood","doi":"10.1177/009346588401400202","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/009346588401400202","url":null,"abstract":"his paper is designed to familiarize the reader with the concept of ultraT sonic energy and its relationship to the bonding of non-woven fibers. It is hoped that it will provide a background for creative thought and further inquiry and research into ultrasonic technology and its contribution to fiber bonding technology. An exhaustive examination of ultrasonic theory is not provided because it would be of little use until specific applications oriented questions are developed. Ultrasonic energy is now a well established tool of any industry using thermoplastic materials. However, ultrasonic energy's usefulness precedes thermoplastic applications and originates in World War II sonar technology followed by industrial applications for non-destructive testing, industrial ultrasonic cleaning and ultrasonic plastic joining to mention a few. The use of this technology in fabric and fiber bonding goes back to 1970 and is probably best known in the textile industry for ultrasonically formed mattress pads and bedspreads via the PinsonicO process. It is the Pinsonic9 process which has provided the foundation for using ultrasonic energy to laminate and/or form non-woven fabrics and products. Why was the Pinsonic9 process so successful and why do we think ultrasonic bonding has so much promise in the non-woven industry? It is because of inherent advantages that generally apply to all welding of","PeriodicalId":170115,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Coated Fabrics","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1984-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"132598734","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 1984-10-01DOI: 10.1177/009346588401400205
Nancy E. Wyatt, B. Goswami
The relationship between fiber dimensions, morphology, tensile properties of base fibers, and the mechanical behavior of thermally bonded carded poly(ethyl-enterepthalate) fiber webs is reported. The processing conditions used included PET binder fiber concentrations of 10%, 20%, and 30%, and bonding temperatures of 97°C, 107°C, and 121°C. In addition to fiber linear density, the tenacity and crystallinity of base fibers are important factors in determining the physical properties of fabrics. The binder concentration and bonding temperature significantly affect the dimensional and tensile properties of fabrics.
{"title":"Structure Property Relationships in Thermally Bonded Nonwoven Fabrics","authors":"Nancy E. Wyatt, B. Goswami","doi":"10.1177/009346588401400205","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/009346588401400205","url":null,"abstract":"The relationship between fiber dimensions, morphology, tensile properties of base fibers, and the mechanical behavior of thermally bonded carded poly(ethyl-enterepthalate) fiber webs is reported. The processing conditions used included PET binder fiber concentrations of 10%, 20%, and 30%, and bonding temperatures of 97°C, 107°C, and 121°C. In addition to fiber linear density, the tenacity and crystallinity of base fibers are important factors in determining the physical properties of fabrics. The binder concentration and bonding temperature significantly affect the dimensional and tensile properties of fabrics.","PeriodicalId":170115,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Coated Fabrics","volume":"410 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1984-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"122791196","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 1983-10-01DOI: 10.1177/009346588301300201
J. Harper
The purpose of this research and development project was to determine if an engineered system of reinforcing substrates as developed by aerospace technology is adaptable to industrial fabrics. The creation of an entirely new breed of industrial fabrics, however, also requires solid, demonstrative proof that such fabrics will satisfy an existing need better than existing materials and practices or introduce fabricators and manufacturers to an entirely new market. Very thin films used in commercial and space aircraft for insulation covering require effective reinforcement both for fabrication and strength purposes. To keep weight at a minimum, a reinforcing system of bonded, oriented, and continuous strand yarns was developed. In this system the fill yarns are coated with an adhesive, passed over the warp, and bonded to a substrate in a continuous procedure. Fill yarn spacing is variable at will. Virtually any size, type, and combination of yarns can be used. Adhesives are selected to match the end use of the reinforced product. As a part of the project, this reinforcing system was applied to many types of plastic films and to both woven and non-woven substrates. Laboratory and field work on this project began in August 1976. Over 400 different types of fabrics were constructed and evaluated for possible use in approximately 60 industrial applications.
{"title":"Reinforced Substrates: Aerospace Technology Introduces a New Concept for Industrial Fabrics","authors":"J. Harper","doi":"10.1177/009346588301300201","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/009346588301300201","url":null,"abstract":"The purpose of this research and development project was to determine if an engineered system of reinforcing substrates as developed by aerospace technology is adaptable to industrial fabrics. The creation of an entirely new breed of industrial fabrics, however, also requires solid, demonstrative proof that such fabrics will satisfy an existing need better than existing materials and practices or introduce fabricators and manufacturers to an entirely new market. Very thin films used in commercial and space aircraft for insulation covering require effective reinforcement both for fabrication and strength purposes. To keep weight at a minimum, a reinforcing system of bonded, oriented, and continuous strand yarns was developed. In this system the fill yarns are coated with an adhesive, passed over the warp, and bonded to a substrate in a continuous procedure. Fill yarn spacing is variable at will. Virtually any size, type, and combination of yarns can be used. Adhesives are selected to match the end use of the reinforced product. As a part of the project, this reinforcing system was applied to many types of plastic films and to both woven and non-woven substrates. Laboratory and field work on this project began in August 1976. Over 400 different types of fabrics were constructed and evaluated for possible use in approximately 60 industrial applications.","PeriodicalId":170115,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Coated Fabrics","volume":"24 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1983-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"131358644","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 1983-10-01DOI: 10.1177/009346588301300203
D. D. Johnson, T. Sheehan
Textiles of 3M's Nextel® Ceramic Fibers are flexible refractory materials available in a variety of fabrics, tapes and braided sleevings useful in applications above 1000°F. Performance comparisons, fabrication information, including sewing techniques using “Nextel” threads and a number of typical refractory applications are described.
{"title":"New Refractory Textile Products and Applications","authors":"D. D. Johnson, T. Sheehan","doi":"10.1177/009346588301300203","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/009346588301300203","url":null,"abstract":"Textiles of 3M's Nextel® Ceramic Fibers are flexible refractory materials available in a variety of fabrics, tapes and braided sleevings useful in applications above 1000°F. Performance comparisons, fabrication information, including sewing techniques using “Nextel” threads and a number of typical refractory applications are described.","PeriodicalId":170115,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Coated Fabrics","volume":"29 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1983-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"131564179","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 1983-10-01DOI: 10.1177/009346588301300206
The market for leather and leather-like materials is not confined to shoe uppers. There are also linings, insocks, insole covers, bindings, insoles and stiffeners. In spite of synthetics, leather has retained the major share of the shoe upper material market, particularly in men's footwear. But the threat of further inroads into leather's remaining market remains. We assess the synthetic rivals, their properties, their market share and likely developments.
{"title":"Footwear Materials: The Challenge of Synthetics","authors":"","doi":"10.1177/009346588301300206","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/009346588301300206","url":null,"abstract":"The market for leather and leather-like materials is not confined to shoe uppers. There are also linings, insocks, insole covers, bindings, insoles and stiffeners. In spite of synthetics, leather has retained the major share of the shoe upper material market, particularly in men's footwear. But the threat of further inroads into leather's remaining market remains. We assess the synthetic rivals, their properties, their market share and likely developments.","PeriodicalId":170115,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Coated Fabrics","volume":"24 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1983-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"121686783","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 1983-10-01DOI: 10.1177/009346588301300205
Charles D. Storm
U plastics and metals which combines the advantages of ultra low gloss, texture and color richness with outstanding resistance to marking, scuffing and abrasion damage. The coating uniformly scatters incident light, regardless of the entrance angle, and has a uniform ultrasuede appearance. Ultra-Suede has a soft cushioned feel, is readily cleanable and is not susceptible to burnishing. Ultra-Suede give stylists a way to achieve the soft import interior automotive look and feel on hard plastics thus avoiding retooling expense and replacing costly fabrics. Current released automotive applications include consoles and instrument panels. Other potential automotive applications include steering wheels, door liners, crash pads, glove box doors and interiors, exterior body trim moldings and accent overlays on RIM or over elastomeric coatings on flexible substrates. Non-automotive commercial applications include business machine keyboards, aircraft instrument panels, pens and furniture. Potential applications include cosmetic closures and eyeliners, caskets and cameras. Any application that can be enhanced by the ultra-suede look and feel or where non-reflectance of light is important is a potential candidate. Ultra-Suede is produced under license granted by Minnesota Mining 8 Manufacturing under U.S. Patent No. 3,527,729, Canadian
{"title":"Ultra-Suede™ — to Create New Styling Effects","authors":"Charles D. Storm","doi":"10.1177/009346588301300205","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/009346588301300205","url":null,"abstract":"U plastics and metals which combines the advantages of ultra low gloss, texture and color richness with outstanding resistance to marking, scuffing and abrasion damage. The coating uniformly scatters incident light, regardless of the entrance angle, and has a uniform ultrasuede appearance. Ultra-Suede has a soft cushioned feel, is readily cleanable and is not susceptible to burnishing. Ultra-Suede give stylists a way to achieve the soft import interior automotive look and feel on hard plastics thus avoiding retooling expense and replacing costly fabrics. Current released automotive applications include consoles and instrument panels. Other potential automotive applications include steering wheels, door liners, crash pads, glove box doors and interiors, exterior body trim moldings and accent overlays on RIM or over elastomeric coatings on flexible substrates. Non-automotive commercial applications include business machine keyboards, aircraft instrument panels, pens and furniture. Potential applications include cosmetic closures and eyeliners, caskets and cameras. Any application that can be enhanced by the ultra-suede look and feel or where non-reflectance of light is important is a potential candidate. Ultra-Suede is produced under license granted by Minnesota Mining 8 Manufacturing under U.S. Patent No. 3,527,729, Canadian","PeriodicalId":170115,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Coated Fabrics","volume":"17 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1983-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"123923045","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 1983-10-01DOI: 10.1177/009346588301300204
W. Krummheuer
T Polyester fabrics is of outstanding importance, as these materials are applied in most cases under open air conditions. In order to clear up the influence of coating and location of weathering we started a couple of years ago with a test program. After having already presented the two years results of this program on the occasion of IFAl's coaters and laminators division meeting May, 1980, in New York, N.Y., this publication will give the 5 years results. HE OPEN AIR WEATHERING BEHAVIOR OF VINYL COATED INDUSTRIAL
{"title":"Weathering Behaviour of Vinyl Coated Industrial Polyester Fabrics","authors":"W. Krummheuer","doi":"10.1177/009346588301300204","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/009346588301300204","url":null,"abstract":"T Polyester fabrics is of outstanding importance, as these materials are applied in most cases under open air conditions. In order to clear up the influence of coating and location of weathering we started a couple of years ago with a test program. After having already presented the two years results of this program on the occasion of IFAl's coaters and laminators division meeting May, 1980, in New York, N.Y., this publication will give the 5 years results. HE OPEN AIR WEATHERING BEHAVIOR OF VINYL COATED INDUSTRIAL","PeriodicalId":170115,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Coated Fabrics","volume":"14 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1983-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"127599982","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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