Pub Date : 2013-07-03DOI: 10.1109/BlackSeaCom.2013.6623386
Xiayang Wang, M. Higgins, M. Leeson
This paper provides some initial results on an investigation concerning the application of three tailored Stop-and-Wait Automatic Repeat reQuest (SW-ARQ) schemes to a diffusion based molecular communications system. Each scheme is numerically simulated and evaluated to determine their performance with regards to average time and energy consumption. It is shown that all three schemes can be applied to the system and through the careful choice of parameters, two of the schemes offer favourable performance characteristics with regards to the trade-off between the time and energy requirements of a successful transmission. This trade-off optimisation will become more important in future applications involving molecular communications where energy efficiency is paramount.
{"title":"Stop-and-wait automatic repeat request schemes for molecular communications","authors":"Xiayang Wang, M. Higgins, M. Leeson","doi":"10.1109/BlackSeaCom.2013.6623386","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/BlackSeaCom.2013.6623386","url":null,"abstract":"This paper provides some initial results on an investigation concerning the application of three tailored Stop-and-Wait Automatic Repeat reQuest (SW-ARQ) schemes to a diffusion based molecular communications system. Each scheme is numerically simulated and evaluated to determine their performance with regards to average time and energy consumption. It is shown that all three schemes can be applied to the system and through the careful choice of parameters, two of the schemes offer favourable performance characteristics with regards to the trade-off between the time and energy requirements of a successful transmission. This trade-off optimisation will become more important in future applications involving molecular communications where energy efficiency is paramount.","PeriodicalId":170309,"journal":{"name":"2013 First International Black Sea Conference on Communications and Networking (BlackSeaCom)","volume":"58 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2013-07-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"125151522","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2013-07-03DOI: 10.1109/BlackSeaCom.2013.6623395
Riaz Mondal, J. Turkka, T. Ristaniemi, T. Henttonen
This paper presents a performance evaluation of Radio Frequency (RF) fingerprinting framework in heterogeneous Long Term Evolution (LTE) networks using Minimization of Drive Testing (MDT) measurements which allow automated construction of extensive RF fingerprint training databases. Fingerprint positioning was studied in heterogeneous small cell and regular macro networks using LTE cell detection performance requirements. Goal was to study how big effect the cell detection requirements have on positioning accuracy in interference limited inter-frequency small cell network deployment. The results show that RF fingerprint performance suffers degraded cell detection performance in fully loaded network deployments and results in lower dimensions of the RF signatures. However, in denser network deployments, the absolute positioning errors remain good being below the E911 emergency positioning requirements. This suggests that in dense small cell networks, MDT training databases can provide a good basis for location assisted Radio Resource Management (RRM) algorithms such as network based proximity detection.
{"title":"Positioning in heterogeneous small cell networks using MDT RF fingerprints","authors":"Riaz Mondal, J. Turkka, T. Ristaniemi, T. Henttonen","doi":"10.1109/BlackSeaCom.2013.6623395","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/BlackSeaCom.2013.6623395","url":null,"abstract":"This paper presents a performance evaluation of Radio Frequency (RF) fingerprinting framework in heterogeneous Long Term Evolution (LTE) networks using Minimization of Drive Testing (MDT) measurements which allow automated construction of extensive RF fingerprint training databases. Fingerprint positioning was studied in heterogeneous small cell and regular macro networks using LTE cell detection performance requirements. Goal was to study how big effect the cell detection requirements have on positioning accuracy in interference limited inter-frequency small cell network deployment. The results show that RF fingerprint performance suffers degraded cell detection performance in fully loaded network deployments and results in lower dimensions of the RF signatures. However, in denser network deployments, the absolute positioning errors remain good being below the E911 emergency positioning requirements. This suggests that in dense small cell networks, MDT training databases can provide a good basis for location assisted Radio Resource Management (RRM) algorithms such as network based proximity detection.","PeriodicalId":170309,"journal":{"name":"2013 First International Black Sea Conference on Communications and Networking (BlackSeaCom)","volume":"140 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2013-07-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"123248097","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2013-07-03DOI: 10.1109/BlackSeaCom.2013.6623415
Özge Cepheli, Günes Karabulut-Kurt
The unguided transmission nature of wireless communication channels in cognitive radio networks (CRNs) makes it easier for attackers to gather transmitted data or to avoid transmissions when compared to traditional wired systems. Furthermore, the shared spectrum concept may lead to various security threats and misusages, especially in the physical (PHY) layer with attacks such as primary user emulation and spectrum sensing data falsification. In this paper, the common PHY layer attacks are introduced from CRN perspective with the corresponding detection techniques and countermeasures. A correlation based trust factor is defined to identify attacks in CRNs, and a beamforming approach is proposed for their prevention. An optimization problem is defined to determine the beamforming coefficients that minimize the success of especially the spectrum sensing data falsification attack. The performance of the proposed method is compared with non-optimized techniques in different channel conditions and proven to be an efficient countermeasure by simulation results.
{"title":"Physical layer security in cognitive radio networks: A beamforming approach","authors":"Özge Cepheli, Günes Karabulut-Kurt","doi":"10.1109/BlackSeaCom.2013.6623415","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/BlackSeaCom.2013.6623415","url":null,"abstract":"The unguided transmission nature of wireless communication channels in cognitive radio networks (CRNs) makes it easier for attackers to gather transmitted data or to avoid transmissions when compared to traditional wired systems. Furthermore, the shared spectrum concept may lead to various security threats and misusages, especially in the physical (PHY) layer with attacks such as primary user emulation and spectrum sensing data falsification. In this paper, the common PHY layer attacks are introduced from CRN perspective with the corresponding detection techniques and countermeasures. A correlation based trust factor is defined to identify attacks in CRNs, and a beamforming approach is proposed for their prevention. An optimization problem is defined to determine the beamforming coefficients that minimize the success of especially the spectrum sensing data falsification attack. The performance of the proposed method is compared with non-optimized techniques in different channel conditions and proven to be an efficient countermeasure by simulation results.","PeriodicalId":170309,"journal":{"name":"2013 First International Black Sea Conference on Communications and Networking (BlackSeaCom)","volume":"26 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2013-07-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"122695580","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2013-07-03DOI: 10.1109/BlackSeaCom.2013.6623412
M. Kamgarpour, H. Tembine
We explore a game theoretic framework for multiple energy producers competing in energy market. Each producer, referred to as a player, optimizes its own objective function given the demand utility. The equilibrium strategy of each player depends on the production cost, referred to as type, of the other players. We show that as the number of players increases, the mean of the types is sufficient for finding the equilibrium. For finite number of players, we design a mean field distributed learning algorithm that converges to equilibrium. We discuss extensions of our model to include several realistic aspects of the energy market.
{"title":"A Bayesian mean field game approach to supply demand analysis of the smart grid","authors":"M. Kamgarpour, H. Tembine","doi":"10.1109/BlackSeaCom.2013.6623412","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/BlackSeaCom.2013.6623412","url":null,"abstract":"We explore a game theoretic framework for multiple energy producers competing in energy market. Each producer, referred to as a player, optimizes its own objective function given the demand utility. The equilibrium strategy of each player depends on the production cost, referred to as type, of the other players. We show that as the number of players increases, the mean of the types is sufficient for finding the equilibrium. For finite number of players, we design a mean field distributed learning algorithm that converges to equilibrium. We discuss extensions of our model to include several realistic aspects of the energy market.","PeriodicalId":170309,"journal":{"name":"2013 First International Black Sea Conference on Communications and Networking (BlackSeaCom)","volume":"114 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2013-07-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"124562108","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2013-07-03DOI: 10.1109/BlackSeaCom.2013.6623373
S. Stern, R. Fischer
We present a new approach for assessing the instantaneous power distributions of the continuous-time transmit signal (i.e., after pulse shaping) in single- and multi-carrier transmission schemes. On the one hand, an efficient calculation of the distribution for single-carrier signals via the fast Fourier transform (FFT) is given. On the other hand, tight approximations for multi-carrier transmission based on orthogonal frequency-division multiplexing (OFDM) are reviewed. Thereby, the effect of non-modulated carriers (guard bands) is taken into account. The impact of the roll-off factor of root-raised-cosine pulse shaping is analyzed and its converse influence on the peak-to-average power behavior of both modulation strategies is discussed. All theoretical derivations match very well with numerical results obtained from Monte-Carlo simulations.
{"title":"Efficient assessment of the instantaneous power distributions of pulse-shaped single- and multi-carrier signals","authors":"S. Stern, R. Fischer","doi":"10.1109/BlackSeaCom.2013.6623373","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/BlackSeaCom.2013.6623373","url":null,"abstract":"We present a new approach for assessing the instantaneous power distributions of the continuous-time transmit signal (i.e., after pulse shaping) in single- and multi-carrier transmission schemes. On the one hand, an efficient calculation of the distribution for single-carrier signals via the fast Fourier transform (FFT) is given. On the other hand, tight approximations for multi-carrier transmission based on orthogonal frequency-division multiplexing (OFDM) are reviewed. Thereby, the effect of non-modulated carriers (guard bands) is taken into account. The impact of the roll-off factor of root-raised-cosine pulse shaping is analyzed and its converse influence on the peak-to-average power behavior of both modulation strategies is discussed. All theoretical derivations match very well with numerical results obtained from Monte-Carlo simulations.","PeriodicalId":170309,"journal":{"name":"2013 First International Black Sea Conference on Communications and Networking (BlackSeaCom)","volume":"39 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2013-07-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"130795917","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2013-07-03DOI: 10.1109/BlackSeaCom.2013.6623377
Salvatore D’oro, L. Galluccio, G. Morabito, S. Palazzo
Opportunistic networking is rapidly emerging as a suitable communication paradigm to characterize social networking applications and contents dissemination. However, due to the sparsity of the opportunistic network, it is expected that the considered mobility model will play a crucial role in the delivery performance of the opportunistic system. Accordingly in this paper we present an analysis of the impact of different conventional mobility models on the delivery performance of opportunistic networks. In particular, we focus on the estimation of the packet delivery delay and the power consumption associated to the delivery procedure which are the two key metrics to be traded-off according to the application requirements.
{"title":"On the trade-off between delivery delay and power consumption in opportunistic scenarios","authors":"Salvatore D’oro, L. Galluccio, G. Morabito, S. Palazzo","doi":"10.1109/BlackSeaCom.2013.6623377","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/BlackSeaCom.2013.6623377","url":null,"abstract":"Opportunistic networking is rapidly emerging as a suitable communication paradigm to characterize social networking applications and contents dissemination. However, due to the sparsity of the opportunistic network, it is expected that the considered mobility model will play a crucial role in the delivery performance of the opportunistic system. Accordingly in this paper we present an analysis of the impact of different conventional mobility models on the delivery performance of opportunistic networks. In particular, we focus on the estimation of the packet delivery delay and the power consumption associated to the delivery procedure which are the two key metrics to be traded-off according to the application requirements.","PeriodicalId":170309,"journal":{"name":"2013 First International Black Sea Conference on Communications and Networking (BlackSeaCom)","volume":"47 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2013-07-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"115581437","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2013-07-03DOI: 10.1109/BlackSeaCom.2013.6623402
V. Rakovic, V. Atanasovski, L. Gavrilovska
Multi-antenna-based spatial multiplexing exhibit high potential for enhancing the system performance of future cognitive radio networks [1]-[3]. This paper proposes a novel cooperative spectrum sensing approach that utilizes coordinated beamforming and node clustering. It provides a generic framework that can be exploited by any cooperative spectrum sensing and fusion technique. The performance analysis shows that the proposed approach decreases the average sensing Bayesian risk and can achieve higher detection probability of more than an order of magnitude.
{"title":"Feasibility of cooperative spectrum sensing based on clustered beamforming","authors":"V. Rakovic, V. Atanasovski, L. Gavrilovska","doi":"10.1109/BlackSeaCom.2013.6623402","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/BlackSeaCom.2013.6623402","url":null,"abstract":"Multi-antenna-based spatial multiplexing exhibit high potential for enhancing the system performance of future cognitive radio networks [1]-[3]. This paper proposes a novel cooperative spectrum sensing approach that utilizes coordinated beamforming and node clustering. It provides a generic framework that can be exploited by any cooperative spectrum sensing and fusion technique. The performance analysis shows that the proposed approach decreases the average sensing Bayesian risk and can achieve higher detection probability of more than an order of magnitude.","PeriodicalId":170309,"journal":{"name":"2013 First International Black Sea Conference on Communications and Networking (BlackSeaCom)","volume":"75 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2013-07-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"124746801","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2013-07-03DOI: 10.1109/BlackSeaCom.2013.6623414
Xin Dong, M. Vuran
Wireless underground communications is mainly characterized by the effects of soil moisture on antenna return loss and bandwidth as well as path loss. In this paper, the impacts of soil moisture, especially on underground channel capacity, are analyzed for underground wireless communications. It is shown that for a given antenna and soil moisture level, there exits an optimal operation frequency that maximizes channel capacity. While existing research on wireless underground communication is focused on fixed-frequency systems, this paper motivates the use of cognitive radio systems, which can adjust operation frequency in a wide range, for efficiency for wireless underground communication. Moreover, it is shown that soil type significantly affects the channel capacity and the capacity can be improved by using longer antennas that allow lower operation frequencies. However, the size of the antenna is also limited by other factors, such as device size and deployment challenges.
{"title":"Impacts of soil moisture on cognitive radio underground networks","authors":"Xin Dong, M. Vuran","doi":"10.1109/BlackSeaCom.2013.6623414","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/BlackSeaCom.2013.6623414","url":null,"abstract":"Wireless underground communications is mainly characterized by the effects of soil moisture on antenna return loss and bandwidth as well as path loss. In this paper, the impacts of soil moisture, especially on underground channel capacity, are analyzed for underground wireless communications. It is shown that for a given antenna and soil moisture level, there exits an optimal operation frequency that maximizes channel capacity. While existing research on wireless underground communication is focused on fixed-frequency systems, this paper motivates the use of cognitive radio systems, which can adjust operation frequency in a wide range, for efficiency for wireless underground communication. Moreover, it is shown that soil type significantly affects the channel capacity and the capacity can be improved by using longer antennas that allow lower operation frequencies. However, the size of the antenna is also limited by other factors, such as device size and deployment challenges.","PeriodicalId":170309,"journal":{"name":"2013 First International Black Sea Conference on Communications and Networking (BlackSeaCom)","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2013-07-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"130462006","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2013-07-03DOI: 10.1109/BlackSeaCom.2013.6623389
Chi-Chung Lo, Sz-Pin Huang, Yi Ren, Y. Tseng
Taking self-portrait on a smart device, such as a smart phone and a digital camera, is a lot of fun and can be easy when we know how. However, there are rare cases that we can get satisfied snapshots at our first try. Furthermore, the snapshots are usually stored on the camera. The user would not able to check the snapshots immediately on the remote side since she stands away the camera. In this paper, we propose a self-portrait application which enables a smart device to prevent faces from being cut out of the camera frame by giving suggestions to users until they are in a suitable position in the frame. In the same time, we enable the smart device to share the photos automatically to the remote device by machine-to-machine technique. The remote device can also control the camera to take photos again. The proposed application has been implemented on an Android smart phone.
{"title":"Design of a self-portrait application with sensor-assisted guiding for smart devices","authors":"Chi-Chung Lo, Sz-Pin Huang, Yi Ren, Y. Tseng","doi":"10.1109/BlackSeaCom.2013.6623389","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/BlackSeaCom.2013.6623389","url":null,"abstract":"Taking self-portrait on a smart device, such as a smart phone and a digital camera, is a lot of fun and can be easy when we know how. However, there are rare cases that we can get satisfied snapshots at our first try. Furthermore, the snapshots are usually stored on the camera. The user would not able to check the snapshots immediately on the remote side since she stands away the camera. In this paper, we propose a self-portrait application which enables a smart device to prevent faces from being cut out of the camera frame by giving suggestions to users until they are in a suitable position in the frame. In the same time, we enable the smart device to share the photos automatically to the remote device by machine-to-machine technique. The remote device can also control the camera to take photos again. The proposed application has been implemented on an Android smart phone.","PeriodicalId":170309,"journal":{"name":"2013 First International Black Sea Conference on Communications and Networking (BlackSeaCom)","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2013-07-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"114197136","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2013-07-03DOI: 10.1109/BlackSeaCom.2013.6623387
Gaye Genç, Huseyin Birkan Yilmaz, T. Tuğcu
Molecular communication (MC) is a new interdisciplinary research paradigm in nanonetworking domain that is related to the nanotechnology, the biotechnology, and the communication technology. In this paper, we employ the protrusion concept from nature to Communication via Diffusion (CvD) for enhancing reception and communication performance. Results show that using protrusions increase the probability of the messenger molecules hitting the receiver and improve the channel capacity. Moreover, protrusions provide robustness in signal decoding, thus preventing channel errors.
{"title":"Reception enhancement with protrusions in communication via diffusion","authors":"Gaye Genç, Huseyin Birkan Yilmaz, T. Tuğcu","doi":"10.1109/BlackSeaCom.2013.6623387","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/BlackSeaCom.2013.6623387","url":null,"abstract":"Molecular communication (MC) is a new interdisciplinary research paradigm in nanonetworking domain that is related to the nanotechnology, the biotechnology, and the communication technology. In this paper, we employ the protrusion concept from nature to Communication via Diffusion (CvD) for enhancing reception and communication performance. Results show that using protrusions increase the probability of the messenger molecules hitting the receiver and improve the channel capacity. Moreover, protrusions provide robustness in signal decoding, thus preventing channel errors.","PeriodicalId":170309,"journal":{"name":"2013 First International Black Sea Conference on Communications and Networking (BlackSeaCom)","volume":"22 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2013-07-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"126789737","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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