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2019 IEEE Conference on Antenna Measurements & Applications (CAMA)最新文献

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Observations from Radar Scans of Grape Vines Conducted Over a Growing Season 葡萄生长季节的雷达扫描观测
Pub Date : 2019-10-01 DOI: 10.1109/CAMA47423.2019.8959769
K. Eccleston, I. Platt, A. Jafari, A. Werner, C. Bateman, I. Woodhead, J. Fourie, J. Hsiao, Peter Carey
A series of S-band radar scans of grape vines conducted over the growing season is presented. Despite covering the time frame from early development of grape berries to harvest, there is minimal observable change in the radar imagery. This observation along with theory of scattering demonstrate that microwave glare from shoots is the dominant feature in the imagery.
一系列的s波段雷达扫描葡萄藤在生长季节进行了介绍。尽管覆盖了从葡萄果实早期发育到收获的时间框架,但雷达图像中可观察到的变化很小。这一观测结果与散射理论一起表明,来自拍摄的微波眩光是图像的主要特征。
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引用次数: 2
Further Developments of Applicator Concepts for Detection of Body Part Inhomogeneities 身体部位不均匀性检测应用概念的进一步发展
Pub Date : 2019-10-01 DOI: 10.1109/CAMA47423.2019.8959590
N. Petrovic, C. Pichot, P. Risman
We present significant improvements on in particular our transmitting applicator and its performance. This is a crucial component of our system for direct detection of internal inhomogeneities such as breast tumors and brain hemorrhages by a special transmitting applicator and specially polarized receiving applicators. The operating frequency is about 1 GHz. The transmitting applicator is unique by no need to contact the object under study (OUS) and does not generate any surface waves at it. The primary field has properties behaving as from a magnetic monopole. The overall system allows direct detection without a need for phase measurements, which provides the possibility of using a simple microwave generator and simple rectification and position registration of the received signals. The receiving 3D contacting applicator contains a high-permittivity ceramic and is resonant in order to provide the desired field polarization sensitivity. The desired system properties are achieved by optimized use of the orthogonality properties of the primary magnetic, induced electric, and diffracted electric fields.
我们提出了显著的改进,特别是我们的传输涂布器和它的性能。这是我们系统的一个重要组成部分,用于直接检测内部不均匀性,如乳腺肿瘤和脑出血,通过一个特殊的发射点和特殊的极化接收点。工作频率约为1ghz。传输应用器的独特之处在于不需要接触所研究的对象(ou),也不会在其上产生任何表面波。初级磁场具有来自磁单极子的性质。整个系统允许直接检测而不需要相位测量,这提供了使用简单的微波发生器和接收信号的简单整流和位置注册的可能性。接收三维接触涂敷器包含高介电常数陶瓷,并且谐振以提供所需的场极化灵敏度。通过优化利用原磁场、感应电场和衍射电场的正交性,实现了所需的系统特性。
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引用次数: 3
Radiation Characteristics of Chebyshev Function-Based Power Weighted Linear Array Antennas Influenced by Elements Configuration 基于切比雪夫函数的功率加权线阵天线辐射特性与元件配置的影响
Pub Date : 2019-10-01 DOI: 10.1109/CAMA47423.2019.8959639
Hartuti Mistialustina, Chairunnisa, M. R. Effendi, A. Munir
The radiation characteristics of Chebyshev function-based power weighted linear array antennas influenced by elements configuration are investigated in terms of width of main lobe (WML) and sidelobe level (SLL). The investigation is also performed using a theoretical approach focused on synthesizing process. The use of Chebyshev function as weighting coefficient for linear array antennas with number of elements less than 10 shows that the variation of array-elements-number (N) with a constant inter-elements-spacing (d) can improve WML and provide notable impacts to SLL. While the variation of inter-elements-spacing (d) with a constant array-elements-number (N) yields to the WML improvement without significant effect on SLL. The theoretical approach is then validated by the experimentation with the error rate in SLL and WML of 1.68% and 3 %, respectively.
从主瓣宽度和副瓣电平两个方面研究了基于切比雪夫函数的功率加权线阵天线的辐射特性受元件配置的影响。调查也进行了使用理论方法侧重于合成过程。对于单元数小于10的线阵天线,采用Chebyshev函数作为加权系数表明,单元间距(d)一定时,阵列单元数(N)的变化可以改善WML,对SLL有显著影响。而元素间距(d)随阵列元素数(N)的变化对WML的改善没有显著影响。通过实验验证了理论方法的正确性,结果表明,小语种和WML的错误率分别为1.68%和3%。
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引用次数: 1
A Simple Radiation Pattern Measurement for Large Array Antennas 大型天线阵的简单辐射方向图测量
Pub Date : 2019-10-01 DOI: 10.1109/CAMA47423.2019.8959685
Bambang Dewandaru, F. Zulkifli, E. Rahardjo
Antenna radiation pattern measurement has been a challenge to many researchers, especially when the size of the antenna is large due to the requirement of a large anechoic chamber. Furthermore, a quick measurement process is required when many radiation patterns need to be measured. In this paper, a measuring system to measure a large interleaved linear array antenna of a total length of 1.35 meters operating at C band frequency was constructed. The measuring system was constructed with an azimuth range capable of nearly ±180° and able to measure radiation patterns of an array with linear or circular polarization. Typical measurement speed to provide a sample of 1028 measurements points is 16 seconds, with 0.116° resolution for 120° azimuth range without a positioner component.
天线辐射方向图测量一直是许多研究人员面临的一个挑战,特别是当天线尺寸较大时,由于需要一个大的消声室。此外,当需要测量许多辐射模式时,需要一个快速的测量过程。本文构建了一种测量系统,用于测量总长度为1.35 m、工作在C波段的大型交错线阵天线。该测量系统的方位范围接近±180°,能够测量线偏振或圆偏振阵列的辐射方向图。提供1028个测量点的典型测量速度为16秒,120°方位角范围的0.116°分辨率,没有定位器组件。
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引用次数: 1
Impact of Azimuthal Antenna Pattern Sampling and Variation on Throughput Measurements 方位天线方向图采样和变化对吞吐量测量的影响
Pub Date : 2019-10-01 DOI: 10.1109/CAMA47423.2019.8959570
A. A. Glazunov, M. S. Kildal, J. Carlsson
Presented is a numerical study of the impact of the antenna pattern sampling resolution on the accuracy of Over-The-Air (OTA) throughput measurements. More specifically, a Line-Of-Sight (Random-LOS) testing scenario is addressed. The communication throughput is evaluated as the Probability of Detection (PoD) of a single bitstream based on the ideal digital threshold receiver model. The maximum deviation of throughput efficiency is computed as a function of the azimuthal sampling resolution for various generic antenna gain patterns. The coefficient of variation of the antenna gain pattern is introduced to evaluate the impact of the azimuthal sampling. The presented approach can be used to define the sampling resolution of the throughput performance of a device under test in Random-LOS OTA.
提出了天线方向图采样分辨率对空中吞吐量测量精度影响的数值研究。更具体地说,解决了视距(Random-LOS)测试场景。基于理想数字阈值接收机模型,用单个比特流的检测概率(PoD)来评估通信吞吐量。计算了吞吐量效率的最大偏差作为各种通用天线增益方向图的方位采样分辨率的函数。引入天线增益方向图的变化系数来评价方位采样对天线增益方向图的影响。所提出的方法可用于定义在Random-LOS OTA中被测设备吞吐量性能的采样分辨率。
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引用次数: 0
Development of Microwave Tomography System Based on Arduino NANO and PocketVNA 基于Arduino NANO和PocketVNA的微波层析成像系统开发
Pub Date : 2019-10-01 DOI: 10.1109/CAMA47423.2019.8959618
Desfi Nur Fikri, P. Prajitno, S. Wijaya
In this research study a Microwave-based Tomography (MWT) system is developed as a low cost system which consists of a microcomputer-based data acquisition module that obtains data from a PocketVNA and a mechanical system based on stepper motors which are used to control the angular positions of the Vivaldi antennas along a circular path around the observed object. The stepper motors are driven through motor drivers and an Arduino board. The used Vivaldi antennas can be operated as microwave transceivers from frequency of 1.5 GHz to 9 GHz, while the PocketVNA is used to measure the transmission and reflection coefficients (S11and S12), magnitude and phase of the microwave that have a frequency range of 500 kHz to 4 GHz. Measurements in this study were carried out in the frequency range of 3–3.78 GHz with an increase in frequency of every 0.5 GHz, and measurements were executed 5 times at each angle position, while the antenna position was shifted every a 5°. The test object used was in the form of an octagonal iron metal and cylindrical metal also nylon or polyethylene. The images of the reconstruction process based on Born approximation algorithm significantly illustrates the shape and cross section of the test object.
在本研究中,开发了一种低成本的微波断层扫描(MWT)系统,该系统由基于微机的数据采集模块(从PocketVNA获取数据)和基于步进电机的机械系统组成,该系统用于控制维瓦尔第天线沿被观测物体周围圆形路径的角度位置。步进电机通过电机驱动器和Arduino板驱动。所使用的Vivaldi天线可以作为频率为1.5 GHz至9 GHz的微波收发器,而PocketVNA则用于测量频率为500 kHz至4 GHz的微波的透射和反射系数(s11和S12)、幅度和相位。本研究在3-3.78 GHz频率范围内进行测量,每0.5 GHz频率增加一次,每个角度位置测量5次,天线位置每5°移动一次。使用的测试对象是一种八角形的铁金属和圆柱形的金属,也就是尼龙或聚乙烯。基于玻恩近似算法的重建过程图像能很好地显示被测物体的形状和截面。
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引用次数: 0
Dual-Band MIMO System Based on Metal Frame for 5G Applications 基于金属框架的5G双频MIMO系统
Pub Date : 2019-10-01 DOI: 10.1109/CAMA47423.2019.8959812
Shengjie Wu, A. Zhao, Bingguang Zhong
In this paper, a metal-frame-based dual-band 4-antenna multi-input and multi-output (MIMO) system operating at both 3.3-3.6 GHz and 4.8-5.0 GHz bands for the fifth-generation (5G) mobile applications is proposed. Each antenna element consists of a rectangular feeding branch, an L-shaped slot and an L-shaped coupling branch. The slot and coupling branch are excited by the feeding branch to generate the low (3.45 GHz) and high (4.8 GHz) resonant frequencies. In particular, the L-shaped slot is set on the metal frame of the mobile handsets, which makes the antenna element and metal housing well integrated. A simplified antenna prototype is fabricated and measured. The simulation and measurement results, such as S-parameter, efficiency, envelope correlation coefficient (ECC) and 3D radiation pattern are presented. And the simulation and measurement results can have good agreement.
本文提出了一种基于金属框架的双频4天线多输入多输出(MIMO)系统,该系统工作在3.3-3.6 GHz和4.8-5.0 GHz频段,适用于第五代(5G)移动应用。每个天线单元由矩形馈电支路、l型槽和l型耦合支路组成。在馈电支路的激励下,槽和耦合支路分别产生低(3.45 GHz)和高(4.8 GHz)谐振频率。特别地,将l形槽设置在移动电话的金属框架上,使天线元件与金属外壳很好地集成。制作了简化的天线样机并进行了测量。给出了s参数、效率、包络相关系数(ECC)和三维辐射方向图等仿真和测量结果。仿真结果与实测结果吻合较好。
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引用次数: 0
Resolution Improvement in Preharvest Sensor 采集前传感器分辨率的改进
Pub Date : 2019-10-01 DOI: 10.1109/CAMA47423.2019.8959619
Hoang Nam Dao, M. Krairiksh
This work illustrates the benefit of subtracted beam antenna we presented earlier for a sensor system in fruit pre-harvesting. The angular resolution pattern of a receiving antenna that shows how far the unwanted object (fruit) can be eliminated from the desired target (fruit under test) is proposed. The link budget for the beam subtracted antenna is also calculated to indicate the transmitting power for ensuring the receiving power for a normal sensitivity of the sensor. This calculation shows that the beam subtracted antenna can be employed in pre-harvesting of fruits.
这项工作说明了我们之前提出的减波束天线在水果预收获传感器系统中的好处。提出了接收天线的角分辨率图,该图显示了不需要的物体(水果)可以从期望目标(被测水果)中消除多远。还计算了减波束天线的链路预算,以表示保证传感器正常灵敏度下的接收功率的发射功率。计算结果表明,减波束天线可以用于水果的预采收。
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引用次数: 0
Calibration Method Research for High Power Transient Electromagnetic Field Sensor 大功率瞬变电磁场传感器标定方法研究
Pub Date : 2019-10-01 DOI: 10.1109/CAMA47423.2019.8959615
Yunsheng Jiang, C. Meng
In recent years, the requirements for high power transient electromagnetic field measurement have gradually increased. The calibration is the most critical part in accurate measurement. Therefore, the need for high-accuracy calibration of high power transient electromagnetic field sensors, including amplitude calibration and frequency bandwidth calibration, has become increasingly urgent. However, IEEE Std 1309-2013 does not contain a specific calibration method for high power transient electromagnetic field sensors. In this paper, by analyzing the TEM cell and the monocone TEM cell, combined with the advantages of these two standard electromagnetic field generating devices, these two TEM cells are selected as the calibration devices for the transient electromagnetic field sensor. Unfortunately, the size of TEM cell, constrained with the calibration accuracy, decreases its frequency bandwidth. And the low frequency of monocone is unavailable due to its narrow time window. As a viable solution, the TEM cell is used for amplitude calibration, meanwhile the monocone TEM cell is used for frequency bandwidth calibration. Moreover, a practical and operational calibration process is proposed in this paper. The process includes the obtainment of the calibration coefficient $K$ in the amplitude calibration, as well as the determination method of the sensor's upper frequency in the bandwidth calibration.
近年来,对大功率瞬变电磁场测量的要求逐渐提高。在精确测量中,标定是最关键的环节。因此,对大功率瞬变电磁场传感器的高精度校准需求日益迫切,包括幅度校准和频带校准。然而,IEEE Std 1309-2013并没有包含高功率瞬变电磁场传感器的特定校准方法。本文通过对瞬变电磁场传感器的TEM单元和单锥TEM单元的分析,结合这两种标准电磁场产生装置的优点,选择这两种TEM单元作为瞬变电磁场传感器的标定装置。然而,由于受到校准精度的限制,TEM单元的尺寸减小了其频率带宽。而单锥的低频信号由于时间窗窄而无法使用。作为一种可行的解决方案,使用瞬变电磁体进行振幅校准,同时使用单锥瞬变电磁体进行带宽校准。此外,本文还提出了一种实用的、可操作的校准方法。该过程包括振幅校准中校准系数K的获取,以及带宽校准中传感器上频率的确定方法。
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引用次数: 1
Simple Secondary Radar for Non-Line-of-Sight Pedestrian Detection 用于非视距行人检测的简单二次雷达
Pub Date : 2019-10-01 DOI: 10.1109/CAMA47423.2019.8959735
T. Kawanishi, Motoki Shirai, Tetsuya Miura, K. Jitsuno, K. Inagaki, A. Kanno, N. Yamamoto
This paper proposes a secondary radar for detection of hidden pedestrians. A transponder carried by a pedestrian responds to a radio-wave transmitted from a car. The distance between the transponder and the car can be measured by using a phase detection scheme, where the frequency detected radio-wave is doubled at the receiver.
本文提出了一种用于隐蔽行人检测的二次雷达。行人携带的应答器对汽车发射的无线电波作出反应。应答器和汽车之间的距离可以通过使用相位检测方案来测量,其中检测到的无线电波频率在接收器处是两倍。
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引用次数: 4
期刊
2019 IEEE Conference on Antenna Measurements & Applications (CAMA)
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