Pub Date : 2021-07-30DOI: 10.5958/0974-0228.2021.00031.1
G. Sashikala, M. Naidu, K. Ramana, K. Nagamadhuri, A. K. Reddy, P. Sudhakar, T. G. Krishna
The present investigation was carried out to assess and map the fertility status of chronically drought affected Tatrakallu village in Anantapuramu district of Andhra Pradesh using GIS and GPS. Two hundred fifty geo-referenced surface soil samples (0-15 cm) from Tatrakallu village located in Scarce Rainfall Zone of Andhra Pradesh were collected at 250 m grid interval and analyzed for their fertility parameters. Analytical data was interpreted and statistical parameters like range, mean, standard deviation and coefficient of variation were calculated. Soil fertility maps were prepared for each parameter under GIS environment using Arc GIS v 10.3. Soils were neutral to strongly alkaline (6.49-8.90) in reaction, non-saline (0.01-0.84 dS m-1) and low to medium (0.3-7.0 g kg-1) in organic carbon. The soils were low to medium in available nitrogen (13-266 kg ha-1) and low to high in available phosphorus (2.0-91.0 kg P2O5 ha-1) and available potassium (0.4-628 kg K2O ha-1) and deficient to sufficient in available sulphur (0.1-50.1 mg kg-1). The wide variation from deficient to sufficient was observed in the status of DTPA extractable zinc (0.1-5.6 mg kg-1), iron (0.8-30.7 mg kg-1) and manganese (1.4-39.0 mg kg-1), whereas DTPA extractable copper (0.2-2.7 mg kg-1) was almost sufficient. The fertility status in Tatakallu village revealed that available N, S, Zn and Fe are important soil fertility constraints.
本调查旨在利用GIS和GPS评估和绘制安得拉邦Anantapuramu区长期干旱影响的Tatrakallu村的生育状况。以250 m网格间隔从安得拉邦Scarce降雨区的Tatrakallu村采集了250个地理参考表层土壤样本（0-15 cm），并对其肥力参数进行了分析。对分析数据进行了解释，并计算了范围、平均值、标准差和变异系数等统计参数。使用Arc GIS v 10.3为GIS环境下的每个参数绘制土壤肥力图。土壤在反应中为中性至强碱性（6.49-8.90），无盐（0.01-0.84dSm-1），有机碳含量为低至中等（0.3-7.0 g kg-1）。土壤的有效氮（13-266 kg ha-1）从低到中等，有效磷（2.0-91.0 kg P2O5 ha-1）和有效钾（0.4-628 kg K2O ha-1）由低到高，有效硫（0.1-50.1 mg kg-1）不足到充足。在DTPA可提取的锌（0.1-5.6 mg kg-1）、铁（0.8-30.7 mg kg-1。Tatakallu村的土壤肥力状况表明，有效氮、硫、锌和铁是土壤肥力的重要制约因素。
{"title":"Mapping of nutrients status in tatrakallu village of anantapuramu district of andhra pradesh using geographic information system","authors":"G. Sashikala, M. Naidu, K. Ramana, K. Nagamadhuri, A. K. Reddy, P. Sudhakar, T. G. Krishna","doi":"10.5958/0974-0228.2021.00031.1","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5958/0974-0228.2021.00031.1","url":null,"abstract":"The present investigation was carried out to assess and map the fertility status of chronically drought affected Tatrakallu village in Anantapuramu district of Andhra Pradesh using GIS and GPS. Two hundred fifty geo-referenced surface soil samples (0-15 cm) from Tatrakallu village located in Scarce Rainfall Zone of Andhra Pradesh were collected at 250 m grid interval and analyzed for their fertility parameters. Analytical data was interpreted and statistical parameters like range, mean, standard deviation and coefficient of variation were calculated. Soil fertility maps were prepared for each parameter under GIS environment using Arc GIS v 10.3. Soils were neutral to strongly alkaline (6.49-8.90) in reaction, non-saline (0.01-0.84 dS m-1) and low to medium (0.3-7.0 g kg-1) in organic carbon. The soils were low to medium in available nitrogen (13-266 kg ha-1) and low to high in available phosphorus (2.0-91.0 kg P2O5 ha-1) and available potassium (0.4-628 kg K2O ha-1) and deficient to sufficient in available sulphur (0.1-50.1 mg kg-1). The wide variation from deficient to sufficient was observed in the status of DTPA extractable zinc (0.1-5.6 mg kg-1), iron (0.8-30.7 mg kg-1) and manganese (1.4-39.0 mg kg-1), whereas DTPA extractable copper (0.2-2.7 mg kg-1) was almost sufficient. The fertility status in Tatakallu village revealed that available N, S, Zn and Fe are important soil fertility constraints.","PeriodicalId":17302,"journal":{"name":"Journal of the Indian Society of Soil Science","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-07-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42089628","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-07-30DOI: 10.5958/0974-0228.2021.00041.4
Shehnaz, R. Sikka, Dhanwinder Singh
In a range of nickel (Ni) spiked soils the effects of soil moisture regimes, amendments and ageing on Ni availability were estimated. The soil was spiked with Ni @ 0, 10 and 25 mg kg-1 soil through its nitrate solution. Lime (5%), farmyard manure (20 t FYM ha-1) and zinc (25 mg Zn kg-1) were added. The treated soil samples were incubated at 35 °C for 1, 45 and 90 days at field capacity and submerged soil moisture regimes. Available Ni was extracted with 0.005 M DTPA extractant and determined by ICP-AES. The results revealed that there was a temporal decrease in the available Ni with ageing and was in the order of 1 day > 45 days > 90 days. The magnitude of decrease in Ni availability was higher with the addition of amendments in the order of lime > FYM > Zn > unamended soil. The decrease in available Ni was further pronounced under submerged moisture regime than under field capacity. The mean per cent recovery of DTPA-Ni in the 10 mg Ni kg-1 spiked treatment decreased from 57.6 after 1 day of incubation to 29.3 and 26.8 after 45 and 90 days of incubation, respectively; whereas in the 25 mg Ni kg-1 spiked soil, per cent recovery of Ni decreased from 60.0 after 1 day of incubation to 29.0 and 25.1 after 45 and 90 days of incubation, respectively. An overall reduction in the mean per cent recovery of DTPA-Ni was observed under submergence as compared to field capacity moisture regime in lime, FYM, Zn amended soils and unamended soil. The results enable us to understand the effect of ageing coupled with different amendments under various moisture regimes on Ni availability and provide useful information to work out the capacity of the soil to serve as a sink for Ni.
在一系列掺镍土壤中，估计了土壤水分状况、改良剂和老化对镍有效性的影响。通过硝酸盐溶液向土壤中掺入0、10和25mg kg-1的镍。添加石灰（5%）、农家肥（20t FYM ha-1）和锌（25mg Zn kg-1）。处理后的土壤样品在35°C下，在田间容量和淹没土壤水分条件下培养1、45和90天。可用镍用0.005M DTPA萃取剂萃取，并通过ICP-AES测定。结果表明，有效Ni随时效时间的推移呈时间性下降，其顺序为1天>45天>90天。添加改良剂后，Ni有效性的降低幅度更大，其顺序为石灰>FYM>Zn>未改良土壤。在浸没水分条件下，有效Ni的减少比在田间容量条件下更为明显。在10 mg Ni kg-1加标处理中，DTPA-Ni的平均回收率分别从培养1天后的57.6降至培养45和90天后的29.3和26.8；而在添加了25mg Ni kg-1的土壤中，Ni的回收率分别从培养1天后的60.0下降到培养45天和90天后的29.0和25.1。在石灰、FYM、Zn改良土壤和未改良土壤中，与田间容量水分状况相比，在浸没条件下，DTPA Ni的平均回收率总体下降。研究结果使我们能够了解不同水分条件下的老化和不同改良剂对镍有效性的影响，并为计算土壤作为镍库的能力提供有用的信息。
{"title":"Influence of soil moisture regimes, amendments and ageing on nickel availability in soils","authors":"Shehnaz, R. Sikka, Dhanwinder Singh","doi":"10.5958/0974-0228.2021.00041.4","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5958/0974-0228.2021.00041.4","url":null,"abstract":"In a range of nickel (Ni) spiked soils the effects of soil moisture regimes, amendments and ageing on Ni availability were estimated. The soil was spiked with Ni @ 0, 10 and 25 mg kg-1 soil through its nitrate solution. Lime (5%), farmyard manure (20 t FYM ha-1) and zinc (25 mg Zn kg-1) were added. The treated soil samples were incubated at 35 °C for 1, 45 and 90 days at field capacity and submerged soil moisture regimes. Available Ni was extracted with 0.005 M DTPA extractant and determined by ICP-AES. The results revealed that there was a temporal decrease in the available Ni with ageing and was in the order of 1 day > 45 days > 90 days. The magnitude of decrease in Ni availability was higher with the addition of amendments in the order of lime > FYM > Zn > unamended soil. The decrease in available Ni was further pronounced under submerged moisture regime than under field capacity. The mean per cent recovery of DTPA-Ni in the 10 mg Ni kg-1 spiked treatment decreased from 57.6 after 1 day of incubation to 29.3 and 26.8 after 45 and 90 days of incubation, respectively; whereas in the 25 mg Ni kg-1 spiked soil, per cent recovery of Ni decreased from 60.0 after 1 day of incubation to 29.0 and 25.1 after 45 and 90 days of incubation, respectively. An overall reduction in the mean per cent recovery of DTPA-Ni was observed under submergence as compared to field capacity moisture regime in lime, FYM, Zn amended soils and unamended soil. The results enable us to understand the effect of ageing coupled with different amendments under various moisture regimes on Ni availability and provide useful information to work out the capacity of the soil to serve as a sink for Ni.","PeriodicalId":17302,"journal":{"name":"Journal of the Indian Society of Soil Science","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-07-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"49310364","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-07-30DOI: 10.5958/0974-0228.2021.00037.2
P. Bhatt, S. Singh, P. K. Pant, R. Chandra, P. Gautam, Lalit Bhatt, A. Arya
Soil test crop response (STCR) based fertilizer prescription was carried out on brinjal to optimize the fertilizer doses. The field experiment was conducted at N.E. Borlaug Crop Research Centre, G.B. Pant University of Agriculture and Technology, Pantnagar (Latitude 29o N, Longitude 79o29' E and Altitude of 243.84 m above mean sea level) during spring season of 2017-18 to study the effect of soil and applied nutrients on brinjal to ensure balanced fertilization. Response of brinjal to selected combinations of three levels of FYM (0, 10 and 20 t ha-1), four levels of nitrogen (0, 60, 120 and 180 kg N ha-1), four levels of phosphorus (0, 30, 60 and 90 kg P2O5 ha-1) and four levels of potassium (0, 30, 60 and 90 kg K2O ha-1) in different soil fertility strips was studied. Basic data for fertilizer prescription was computed on the basis of soil analysis, nutrient uptake and fruit yield. Nutrient requirement to produce one quintal of brinjal fruit was 0.464, 0.112 and 0.208 kg N, P2O5 and K2O, respectively. Per cent contribution of available N, P2O5 and K2O was 31.1, 23.1 and 13.2, respectively from soil; 64.8, 89.2 and 82.1, respectively from FYM; 25.4, 22.9 and 18.8, respectively from fertilizer; and 35.1, 33.9 and 36.7 from conjoint use of fertilizer and FYM, respectively. Fertilizer prescription equations were generated by these basic data. These fertilizer prescription equations are valuable for efficient and judicious use of costly fertilizers to improve farmer’s economic conditions.
采用基于土壤试验作物反应（STCR）的肥料配方对茄子进行了施肥优化。该田间试验于2017-18年春季在潘特纳加尔G.B.潘特农业科技大学N.E.Borlaug作物研究中心（北纬29°，东经79°，海拔243.84米）进行，以研究土壤和施用养分对茄子的影响，确保均衡施肥。在不同土壤肥力带上，研究了茄子对三个水平的FYM（0、10和20t ha-1）、四个水平的氮（0、60、120和180kg N ha-1），四个水平磷（0、30、60和90kg P2O5 ha-1）和四个水平钾（0、30,60和90kg K2O ha-1）的选择组合的反应。肥料配方的基本数据是根据土壤分析、养分吸收和果实产量计算得出的。生产五分之一的茄子果实所需养分分别为0.464、0.112和0.208kg N、P2O5和K2O。土壤对有效氮、P2O5和K2O的贡献率分别为31.1、23.1和13.2；分别为64.8、89.2和82.1；分别为25.4、22.9和18.8；化肥和FYM联合使用分别为35.1、33.9和36.7。肥料配方方程是由这些基本数据生成的。这些肥料配方方程对于有效和明智地使用昂贵的肥料以改善农民的经济条件是有价值的。
{"title":"Assessment of nutrient requirement for spring brinjal (Solanum melongena L.) through soil test crop response approach on north indian mollisol","authors":"P. Bhatt, S. Singh, P. K. Pant, R. Chandra, P. Gautam, Lalit Bhatt, A. Arya","doi":"10.5958/0974-0228.2021.00037.2","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5958/0974-0228.2021.00037.2","url":null,"abstract":"Soil test crop response (STCR) based fertilizer prescription was carried out on brinjal to optimize the fertilizer doses. The field experiment was conducted at N.E. Borlaug Crop Research Centre, G.B. Pant University of Agriculture and Technology, Pantnagar (Latitude 29o N, Longitude 79o29' E and Altitude of 243.84 m above mean sea level) during spring season of 2017-18 to study the effect of soil and applied nutrients on brinjal to ensure balanced fertilization. Response of brinjal to selected combinations of three levels of FYM (0, 10 and 20 t ha-1), four levels of nitrogen (0, 60, 120 and 180 kg N ha-1), four levels of phosphorus (0, 30, 60 and 90 kg P2O5 ha-1) and four levels of potassium (0, 30, 60 and 90 kg K2O ha-1) in different soil fertility strips was studied. Basic data for fertilizer prescription was computed on the basis of soil analysis, nutrient uptake and fruit yield. Nutrient requirement to produce one quintal of brinjal fruit was 0.464, 0.112 and 0.208 kg N, P2O5 and K2O, respectively. Per cent contribution of available N, P2O5 and K2O was 31.1, 23.1 and 13.2, respectively from soil; 64.8, 89.2 and 82.1, respectively from FYM; 25.4, 22.9 and 18.8, respectively from fertilizer; and 35.1, 33.9 and 36.7 from conjoint use of fertilizer and FYM, respectively. Fertilizer prescription equations were generated by these basic data. These fertilizer prescription equations are valuable for efficient and judicious use of costly fertilizers to improve farmer’s economic conditions.","PeriodicalId":17302,"journal":{"name":"Journal of the Indian Society of Soil Science","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-07-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48828036","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-07-30DOI: 10.5958/0974-0228.2021.00039.6
H.E. Sachin, Y. Singh, K. Bindu, D. Pavan, R. Meena
Quality of the irrigation water is one of the important aspects for plant growth and it has been a major global concern in developing and developed countries. There has been a regular increase in the irrigated area in the country in the last decade that led to a higher yield potential. If poor quality of irrigation water is used it results in decreased yield. So there is a need to assess quality of the irrigation water before its use on the crops. An attempt was made to assess the ground water quality of different villages in Chikkamagalur block of Chikkamagalur district in Karnataka using various water quality parameters. The values of pH ranged from 6.3 to 8.0, while electrical conductivity ranged from 0.10 to 1.10 dS m-1. Sodium and potassium content in the irrigation water ranged from 0.13 to 3.83 and 0.10 to 5.12 meq L-1, respectively. Calcium and magnesium contents which indicate the hardness of the water and are the important cations was recorded between 0.60 and 5.85 meq L-1. Chloride concentration varied from 4.40 to 11.2 meq L-1, while bicarbonate ranged from 0.4 to 8.8 meq L-1. Based on irrigation water quality index (IWQI), it was found that 87.5% of the water samples of the study area was poor in quality and slightly unsustainable for irrigation, while 8.3% was very poor and only ~4.2% was good in quality for irrigation.
{"title":"Ground water quality assessment of different villages of chikkamagalur block in Chikkamagalur district of Karnataka","authors":"H.E. Sachin, Y. Singh, K. Bindu, D. Pavan, R. Meena","doi":"10.5958/0974-0228.2021.00039.6","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5958/0974-0228.2021.00039.6","url":null,"abstract":"Quality of the irrigation water is one of the important aspects for plant growth and it has been a major global concern in developing and developed countries. There has been a regular increase in the irrigated area in the country in the last decade that led to a higher yield potential. If poor quality of irrigation water is used it results in decreased yield. So there is a need to assess quality of the irrigation water before its use on the crops. An attempt was made to assess the ground water quality of different villages in Chikkamagalur block of Chikkamagalur district in Karnataka using various water quality parameters. The values of pH ranged from 6.3 to 8.0, while electrical conductivity ranged from 0.10 to 1.10 dS m-1. Sodium and potassium content in the irrigation water ranged from 0.13 to 3.83 and 0.10 to 5.12 meq L-1, respectively. Calcium and magnesium contents which indicate the hardness of the water and are the important cations was recorded between 0.60 and 5.85 meq L-1. Chloride concentration varied from 4.40 to 11.2 meq L-1, while bicarbonate ranged from 0.4 to 8.8 meq L-1. Based on irrigation water quality index (IWQI), it was found that 87.5% of the water samples of the study area was poor in quality and slightly unsustainable for irrigation, while 8.3% was very poor and only ~4.2% was good in quality for irrigation.","PeriodicalId":17302,"journal":{"name":"Journal of the Indian Society of Soil Science","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-07-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"46502601","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-07-30DOI: 10.5958/0974-0228.2021.00030.x
G. G. Kandali, N. Yadav, R. Karmakar, D. Tamuly
A field experiment was conducted at instructional-cum-research farm of Assam Agricultural University, Jorhat, Assam to enrich zinc (Zn) in grains of a hybrid maize variety (PAC 740) through soil application of Zn with six levels of ZnSO4.7H2O viz. 0, 20, 40, 60, 80 and 100 kg ha-1 with and without foliar spray of 0.5% ZnSO4.7H2O at tasseling stage. Highest grain yield (7.83 t ha-1) was recorded with 60 kg ZnSO4.7H2O (soil) + 0.5% foliar spray. Significant increase in grain yield over control was observed at 40 kg ZnSO4.7H2O and above. Foliar application of Zn though improved yield, but statistically had no effect on yield, plant height and number of grains per cob between graded doses of Zn with and without foliar application. However, grain Zn concentration and uptake were more effectively increased by Zn fertilization, especially with soil and foliar applications. Significantly highest grain Zn concentration (46.9 mg kg-1) and uptake of Zn (358.2 g ha-1) was observed with 100 kg ZnSO4.7H2O ha-1 (soil)+0.5% foliar application over control. Nitrogen and potassium concentration and uptake by grains increased with the increasing level of Zn but phosphorus concentration and uptake decreased. Agronomic efficiency and apparent recovery efficiency was found highest in the treatment with 60 kg ZnSO4.7H2O ha-1 (soil)+0.5% foliar application. Soluble protein increased significantly over control with 40 kg ZnSO4.7H2O ha-1 (7.41%) and above. Although, crude protein and starch content increased with the increase in Zn concentration, the effect was not significant with increasing dose of ZnSO4.7H2O.
在阿萨姆邦乔尔赫特阿萨姆邦农业大学的教学兼研究农场，通过抽雄期叶片喷施0.5% ZnSO4.7H2O和不喷施ZnSO4.7H2O 6个浓度(0、20、40、60、80和100 kg ha-1)的土壤施用Zn来提高杂交玉米品种PAC 740籽粒锌的含量。ZnSO4.7H2O(土壤)60 kg + 0.5%叶面喷施籽粒产量最高(7.83 t hm -1)。ZnSO4.7H2O用量为40 kg及以上时，籽粒产量较对照显著增加。叶面施锌虽然提高了产量，但在分级施锌与不施锌之间对产量、株高和每穗轴粒数没有统计学影响。但施用锌能更有效地提高籽粒锌浓度和吸收，尤其是土壤和叶面施锌。施用100 kg ZnSO4.7H2O hm -1(土壤)+0.5%叶面施用时，籽粒Zn浓度(46.9 mg kg-1)和Zn吸收量(358.2 g ha-1)显著高于对照。籽粒氮、钾浓度和吸收随Zn水平的增加而增加，而磷浓度和吸收随Zn水平的增加而降低。60 kg ZnSO4.7H2O hm -1(土壤)+0.5%叶喷处理的农艺效率和表观恢复效率最高。添加40 kg ZnSO4.7H2O ha-1后，可溶性蛋白含量显著高于对照组(7.41%)。粗蛋白质和淀粉含量随Zn浓度的增加而增加，但随ZnSO4.7H2O剂量的增加影响不显著。
{"title":"Enrichment of maize grains with zinc through agronomic biofortification","authors":"G. G. Kandali, N. Yadav, R. Karmakar, D. Tamuly","doi":"10.5958/0974-0228.2021.00030.x","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5958/0974-0228.2021.00030.x","url":null,"abstract":"A field experiment was conducted at instructional-cum-research farm of Assam Agricultural University, Jorhat, Assam to enrich zinc (Zn) in grains of a hybrid maize variety (PAC 740) through soil application of Zn with six levels of ZnSO4.7H2O viz. 0, 20, 40, 60, 80 and 100 kg ha-1 with and without foliar spray of 0.5% ZnSO4.7H2O at tasseling stage. Highest grain yield (7.83 t ha-1) was recorded with 60 kg ZnSO4.7H2O (soil) + 0.5% foliar spray. Significant increase in grain yield over control was observed at 40 kg ZnSO4.7H2O and above. Foliar application of Zn though improved yield, but statistically had no effect on yield, plant height and number of grains per cob between graded doses of Zn with and without foliar application. However, grain Zn concentration and uptake were more effectively increased by Zn fertilization, especially with soil and foliar applications. Significantly highest grain Zn concentration (46.9 mg kg-1) and uptake of Zn (358.2 g ha-1) was observed with 100 kg ZnSO4.7H2O ha-1 (soil)+0.5% foliar application over control. Nitrogen and potassium concentration and uptake by grains increased with the increasing level of Zn but phosphorus concentration and uptake decreased. Agronomic efficiency and apparent recovery efficiency was found highest in the treatment with 60 kg ZnSO4.7H2O ha-1 (soil)+0.5% foliar application. Soluble protein increased significantly over control with 40 kg ZnSO4.7H2O ha-1 (7.41%) and above. Although, crude protein and starch content increased with the increase in Zn concentration, the effect was not significant with increasing dose of ZnSO4.7H2O.","PeriodicalId":17302,"journal":{"name":"Journal of the Indian Society of Soil Science","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-07-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42389280","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-07-30DOI: 10.5958/0974-0228.2021.00033.5
J. Prasad, K. A. Kumar, K. M. Nair, B. Dhanorkar, K. Niranjan, D. Mohekar, A. Koyal
Representative pedons of Karuvapara series (P1) and Vannamada series (P2) from Palakkad district of Kerala were characterized and classified. The soils were very dark grayish brown to dark brown (P1) and very dark grayish brown to black (P2). The texture of the P1 varied from clay loam (Ap horizon) to clay and gravelly clay in sub-soils, while it was sandy clay (Ap horizon) to clay but sandy clay loam in last two horizons of P2. The pH of the soils in different horizon ranged from 7.1 to 8.2. Vannamada soils retained higher organic carbon (1.38% in Ap horizon) than Karuvapara soils. These soils had medium content of available N barring Ap horizon of P2 but high in available P (surface layer) and K. Available S, DTPA-Cu, DTPA-Fe, DTPA-Mn and hot water-soluble B in the soils were above the critical limit but DTPA-Zn was deficient except in Ap horizon of P2. These soils were classified as Typic Haplusterts (P1) and Vertic Epiaquepts (P2) at subgroup level.
{"title":"Shrink-swell soils of Palakkad district, Kerala: Their characteristics and classification","authors":"J. Prasad, K. A. Kumar, K. M. Nair, B. Dhanorkar, K. Niranjan, D. Mohekar, A. Koyal","doi":"10.5958/0974-0228.2021.00033.5","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5958/0974-0228.2021.00033.5","url":null,"abstract":"Representative pedons of Karuvapara series (P1) and Vannamada series (P2) from Palakkad district of Kerala were characterized and classified. The soils were very dark grayish brown to dark brown (P1) and very dark grayish brown to black (P2). The texture of the P1 varied from clay loam (Ap horizon) to clay and gravelly clay in sub-soils, while it was sandy clay (Ap horizon) to clay but sandy clay loam in last two horizons of P2. The pH of the soils in different horizon ranged from 7.1 to 8.2. Vannamada soils retained higher organic carbon (1.38% in Ap horizon) than Karuvapara soils. These soils had medium content of available N barring Ap horizon of P2 but high in available P (surface layer) and K. Available S, DTPA-Cu, DTPA-Fe, DTPA-Mn and hot water-soluble B in the soils were above the critical limit but DTPA-Zn was deficient except in Ap horizon of P2. These soils were classified as Typic Haplusterts (P1) and Vertic Epiaquepts (P2) at subgroup level.","PeriodicalId":17302,"journal":{"name":"Journal of the Indian Society of Soil Science","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-07-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44706300","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-07-30DOI: 10.5958/0974-0228.2021.00038.4
P. Naskar, D. Das, D. Ghosh
This study aims to establish the relationships between cationic micronutrients and soil properties in 52 surface soils (0-15 cm) collected from coastal areas of West Bengal, India. The initial status of cationic micronutrients and their relationship with soil properties were also studied. The DTPA-extractable micronutrients namely, zinc (Zn), iron (Fe), manganese (Mn) and copper (Cu) ranged from 0.03-2.65, 5.59-68.4, 10.8-49.9 and 0.69-3.71 mg kg-1 with mean values of 0.65, 27.3, 33.7 and 1.71 mg kg-1, respectively. Different soil properties namely, pH, organic carbon (OC), electric conductivity (EC), cation exchange capacity (CEC), Olsen-P and different inorganic phosphorus (P) fractions were determined. Results showed a significant negative correlations between pH and Zn, Fe, Mn and Cu, whereas OC showed positive and significant correlations with Zn, Fe and Cu and non-significant positive correlations with Mn. The EC showed the non-significant negative correlations with Fe and Cu and non-significant positive correlation with Zn and Mn. Olsen-P showed the non-significant positive correlations with Zn, Fe and Cu and non-significant negative correlations with Mn. Results also revealed that CEC and EC enhanced the loosely bound-P explaining 47% of total variability. Loosely bound-P and reductant soluble-P showed the significant negative correlations with all the micronutrients. However, Al-P showed the significant positive correlations with Zn, Fe and Cu.
{"title":"Distribution of cationic micronutrients in relation to different soil properties and fractions of phosphorus in coastal soils of West Bengal","authors":"P. Naskar, D. Das, D. Ghosh","doi":"10.5958/0974-0228.2021.00038.4","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5958/0974-0228.2021.00038.4","url":null,"abstract":"This study aims to establish the relationships between cationic micronutrients and soil properties in 52 surface soils (0-15 cm) collected from coastal areas of West Bengal, India. The initial status of cationic micronutrients and their relationship with soil properties were also studied. The DTPA-extractable micronutrients namely, zinc (Zn), iron (Fe), manganese (Mn) and copper (Cu) ranged from 0.03-2.65, 5.59-68.4, 10.8-49.9 and 0.69-3.71 mg kg-1 with mean values of 0.65, 27.3, 33.7 and 1.71 mg kg-1, respectively. Different soil properties namely, pH, organic carbon (OC), electric conductivity (EC), cation exchange capacity (CEC), Olsen-P and different inorganic phosphorus (P) fractions were determined. Results showed a significant negative correlations between pH and Zn, Fe, Mn and Cu, whereas OC showed positive and significant correlations with Zn, Fe and Cu and non-significant positive correlations with Mn. The EC showed the non-significant negative correlations with Fe and Cu and non-significant positive correlation with Zn and Mn. Olsen-P showed the non-significant positive correlations with Zn, Fe and Cu and non-significant negative correlations with Mn. Results also revealed that CEC and EC enhanced the loosely bound-P explaining 47% of total variability. Loosely bound-P and reductant soluble-P showed the significant negative correlations with all the micronutrients. However, Al-P showed the significant positive correlations with Zn, Fe and Cu.","PeriodicalId":17302,"journal":{"name":"Journal of the Indian Society of Soil Science","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-07-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47454630","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-07-30DOI: 10.5958/0974-0228.2021.00029.3
B. Yaduwanshi, R. Sahu, N. Mitra, B. S. Dwivedi
The present investigation was conducted to see the effect of microbial consortia on microbial population, available nutrients in soil and yield of soybean grown during 2018-19 under an ongoing All India Network Project on Soil Biodiversity and Biofertilizers at the Research Farm of Department of Soil Science and Agricultural Chemistry, Jawaharlal Nehru Krishi Vishwa Vidyalaya, Jabalpur, Madhya Pradesh, India. Coinoculation in the form of a consortium with Pseudomonas fluorescens (PGPR) Actinomycetes (Actino) and Arthrobacter (Arthro) was found beneficial in enhancing yield of soybean. Application of recommended dose of fertilizers (RDF) along with microbial consortium (PGPR+Actino+Arthro) recorded significantly higher amounts of available nitrogen (N), phosphorus (P) and potassium (K) which resulted in 43, 30 and 37 per cent, respectively over that of fertilized uninoculated control. Similarly, plots receiving RDF+PGPR+Actino+Arthro recorded significantly higher populations of Actinomycetes, Arthrobacter and PGPR at 25, 45 and 65 days after sowing which were 1.71, 1.42 and 1.52 log fold; 1.32, 1.28 and 1.31 log fold; and 1.56, 1.35 and 1.44 log fold, respectively over that of fertilized uninoculated control. In almost all cases, the treatment combinations of RDF+PGPR+Arthro, RDF+PGPR+Actino and RDF+Arthro+Actino exhibited similar performances. Seed and stover yields of soybean increased by 44 and 61 per cent, respectively over that of fertilized uninoculated control. It may be concluded that application of microbial consortia may be followed for enhancing soybean yield, available soil nutrients and microbial populations by direct as well as indirect beneficial effect.
{"title":"Impact of microbial consortia on microbial population and available nutrients in soil under soybean crop","authors":"B. Yaduwanshi, R. Sahu, N. Mitra, B. S. Dwivedi","doi":"10.5958/0974-0228.2021.00029.3","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5958/0974-0228.2021.00029.3","url":null,"abstract":"The present investigation was conducted to see the effect of microbial consortia on microbial population, available nutrients in soil and yield of soybean grown during 2018-19 under an ongoing All India Network Project on Soil Biodiversity and Biofertilizers at the Research Farm of Department of Soil Science and Agricultural Chemistry, Jawaharlal Nehru Krishi Vishwa Vidyalaya, Jabalpur, Madhya Pradesh, India. Coinoculation in the form of a consortium with Pseudomonas fluorescens (PGPR) Actinomycetes (Actino) and Arthrobacter (Arthro) was found beneficial in enhancing yield of soybean. Application of recommended dose of fertilizers (RDF) along with microbial consortium (PGPR+Actino+Arthro) recorded significantly higher amounts of available nitrogen (N), phosphorus (P) and potassium (K) which resulted in 43, 30 and 37 per cent, respectively over that of fertilized uninoculated control. Similarly, plots receiving RDF+PGPR+Actino+Arthro recorded significantly higher populations of Actinomycetes, Arthrobacter and PGPR at 25, 45 and 65 days after sowing which were 1.71, 1.42 and 1.52 log fold; 1.32, 1.28 and 1.31 log fold; and 1.56, 1.35 and 1.44 log fold, respectively over that of fertilized uninoculated control. In almost all cases, the treatment combinations of RDF+PGPR+Arthro, RDF+PGPR+Actino and RDF+Arthro+Actino exhibited similar performances. Seed and stover yields of soybean increased by 44 and 61 per cent, respectively over that of fertilized uninoculated control. It may be concluded that application of microbial consortia may be followed for enhancing soybean yield, available soil nutrients and microbial populations by direct as well as indirect beneficial effect.","PeriodicalId":17302,"journal":{"name":"Journal of the Indian Society of Soil Science","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-07-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47033369","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-07-30DOI: 10.5958/0974-0228.2021.00028.1
Altaf Kuntoji, Subbarayappa Ct, P. Basavaraja, G. K. Mukunda
A field experiment was conducted to evaluate different sources and levels of boron (B) on nutrient content in tomato in a randomized complete block design with ten treatments and three replications. Boron was applied through borax as soil application and boric acid or boron metalosate as foliar spray. Application of B enhanced the nutrient content in tomato crop (haulm and fruits). The treatment receiving recommended dose of fertilizer (RDF) with 1.1 kg B ha-1 as soil application and 0.05% B (boron metalosate) as foliar spray recorded the highest nutrient contents in both haulm and fruits. The concentration of B in leaf at one day before spray was recorded higher in the treatment T4 receiving RDF + 2.2 kg B ha-1 through borax as soil application, whereas at one week after 1st spray at vegetative stage, one day before 2nd spray and one week after 2nd spray at fruit setting stage significantly higher B content was recorded in T10 treatment consists of RDF + 1.1 kg B ha-1 through borax as soil application followed by 0.05% B through boron metalosate as foliar application compared to RDF (T1). At harvest, concentration of B was significantly reduced in the treatments with respect to other weeks of interval of spray.
采用10个处理、3个重复的随机完全区组设计，研究了不同硼源和硼水平对番茄养分含量的影响。硼砂作为土壤施用，硼酸或金属酸硼作为叶面喷雾施用。施用B能提高番茄植株(茎部和果实)的养分含量。土壤施肥推荐剂量为1.1 kg B ha-1，叶面喷施0.05% B(金属酸硼)的处理，植株和果实的养分含量最高。施用硼砂、RDF + 2.2 kg B ha-1的T4处理在喷施前1天叶片中B的浓度较高，而在营养期第一次喷施后1周;结果表明，在第2次喷施前1天和第2次喷施后1周，结果表明，与第1次喷施相比，T10处理土壤中施用RDF +硼砂中1.1 kg B hm -1，叶面上施用0.05%硼，其B含量显著高于第1次喷施的RDF (T1)。收获时，相对于其他喷施间隔周，各处理的B浓度显著降低。
{"title":"Nutrient content of tomato as influenced by different sources and levels of boron","authors":"Altaf Kuntoji, Subbarayappa Ct, P. Basavaraja, G. K. Mukunda","doi":"10.5958/0974-0228.2021.00028.1","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5958/0974-0228.2021.00028.1","url":null,"abstract":"A field experiment was conducted to evaluate different sources and levels of boron (B) on nutrient content in tomato in a randomized complete block design with ten treatments and three replications. Boron was applied through borax as soil application and boric acid or boron metalosate as foliar spray. Application of B enhanced the nutrient content in tomato crop (haulm and fruits). The treatment receiving recommended dose of fertilizer (RDF) with 1.1 kg B ha-1 as soil application and 0.05% B (boron metalosate) as foliar spray recorded the highest nutrient contents in both haulm and fruits. The concentration of B in leaf at one day before spray was recorded higher in the treatment T4 receiving RDF + 2.2 kg B ha-1 through borax as soil application, whereas at one week after 1st spray at vegetative stage, one day before 2nd spray and one week after 2nd spray at fruit setting stage significantly higher B content was recorded in T10 treatment consists of RDF + 1.1 kg B ha-1 through borax as soil application followed by 0.05% B through boron metalosate as foliar application compared to RDF (T1). At harvest, concentration of B was significantly reduced in the treatments with respect to other weeks of interval of spray.","PeriodicalId":17302,"journal":{"name":"Journal of the Indian Society of Soil Science","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-07-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"46365991","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-07-30DOI: 10.5958/0974-0228.2021.00040.2
Shalini Jhinkwan, S. Singh, N. Pareek, P. Gautam
A field experiment was conducted during the year 2018-19 to optimize integrated nutrient recommendations through soil test crop response approach for forage oats (Avena sativa L.) grown in a Mollisol of Uttarakhand. The experiment was conducted as per the technical programme and methodology of All India Coordinated Research Project (AICRP) on Soil Test Crop Response Correlation (STCR). Response of forage oats to selected combinations of three levels of farmyard manure (0, 5 and 10 t FYM ha-1), four levels of nitrogen (0, 40, 80 and 120 kg N ha-1), four levels of phosphorus (0, 30, 60 and 90 kg P2O5 ha-1) and four levels of potassium (0, 20, 40 and 60 kg K2O ha-1) at different soil fertility levels was studied. It was found that to produce one quintal forage yield, forage oats required 0.27 kg of N, 0.03 kg of P2O5 and 0.32 kg of K2O with FYM. The per cent contributions of N, P2O5 and K2O were 71.4, 33.7 and 59.9 from soil and 73.0, 7.51 and 90.4 from FYM, 89.6, 50.8 and 302.7 from chemical fertilizers and 102.4, 52.9 and 351.5 from conjoint use of chemical fertilizers with FYM. Using these data, fertilizer prescription equations were developed for adjusting fertilizer dose in forage oats for different range of soil test values and desired yield targets.
在2018- 2019年进行了一项田间试验，通过土壤试验作物响应法优化在北阿坎德邦Mollisol种植的饲料燕麦(Avena sativa L.)的综合营养建议。该试验是根据全印度土壤试验作物响应相关性(STCR)协调研究项目(AICRP)的技术方案和方法进行的。研究了不同土壤肥力水平下饲用燕麦对3个水平农家肥(0、5、10 t FYM hm -1)、4个水平氮(0、40、80、120 kg N hm -1)、4个水平磷(0、30、60、90 kg P2O5 hm -1)和4个水平钾(0、20、40、60 kg K2O hm -1)组合的响应。结果表明，饲用燕麦在FYM条件下，N用量为0.27 kg, P2O5用量为0.03 kg, K2O用量为0.32 kg。土壤对N、P2O5和K2O的贡献率分别为71.4、33.7和59.9%，化肥对N、P2O5和K2O的贡献率分别为73.0、7.51和90.4，化肥对N、P2O5和K2O的贡献率分别为89.6、50.8和302.7，化肥与化肥联用对N、P2O5和K2O的贡献率分别为102.4、52.9和351.5。利用这些数据，建立了根据不同土壤试验值范围和期望产量目标调整饲草燕麦肥料用量的配方方程。
{"title":"Optimization of integrated nutrient recommendations through soil test crop response approach for forage oats (Avena sativa L.) in a Mollisol","authors":"Shalini Jhinkwan, S. Singh, N. Pareek, P. Gautam","doi":"10.5958/0974-0228.2021.00040.2","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5958/0974-0228.2021.00040.2","url":null,"abstract":"A field experiment was conducted during the year 2018-19 to optimize integrated nutrient recommendations through soil test crop response approach for forage oats (Avena sativa L.) grown in a Mollisol of Uttarakhand. The experiment was conducted as per the technical programme and methodology of All India Coordinated Research Project (AICRP) on Soil Test Crop Response Correlation (STCR). Response of forage oats to selected combinations of three levels of farmyard manure (0, 5 and 10 t FYM ha-1), four levels of nitrogen (0, 40, 80 and 120 kg N ha-1), four levels of phosphorus (0, 30, 60 and 90 kg P2O5 ha-1) and four levels of potassium (0, 20, 40 and 60 kg K2O ha-1) at different soil fertility levels was studied. It was found that to produce one quintal forage yield, forage oats required 0.27 kg of N, 0.03 kg of P2O5 and 0.32 kg of K2O with FYM. The per cent contributions of N, P2O5 and K2O were 71.4, 33.7 and 59.9 from soil and 73.0, 7.51 and 90.4 from FYM, 89.6, 50.8 and 302.7 from chemical fertilizers and 102.4, 52.9 and 351.5 from conjoint use of chemical fertilizers with FYM. Using these data, fertilizer prescription equations were developed for adjusting fertilizer dose in forage oats for different range of soil test values and desired yield targets.","PeriodicalId":17302,"journal":{"name":"Journal of the Indian Society of Soil Science","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-07-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47094812","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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