V. Tarasenko, E. H. Baksht, A. Burachenko, I. Kostyrya, M. Lomaev, D. Rybka
The paper presents the results of experimental research on nanosecond high-pressure diffuse discharges in an inhomogeneous electric field with a time resolution of ∼100 ps. It is shown that decreasing the voltage pulse duration enhances the feasibility of diffuse discharge with no additional ionization. In particular with a narrow interelectrode gap, a diffuse discharge in atmospheric pressure air with preionization by runaway electrons or shortly a runaway-electron-preionized (REP) diffuse discharge (DD) was realized. It is found that most of the energy is deposited to the REP DD plasma once the voltage across the gap reaches its maximum.
{"title":"Runaway electrons preionized diffuse discharges at high pressure","authors":"V. Tarasenko, E. H. Baksht, A. Burachenko, I. Kostyrya, M. Lomaev, D. Rybka","doi":"10.1117/12.880923","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1117/12.880923","url":null,"abstract":"The paper presents the results of experimental research on nanosecond high-pressure diffuse discharges in an inhomogeneous electric field with a time resolution of ∼100 ps. It is shown that decreasing the voltage pulse duration enhances the feasibility of diffuse discharge with no additional ionization. In particular with a narrow interelectrode gap, a diffuse discharge in atmospheric pressure air with preionization by runaway electrons or shortly a runaway-electron-preionized (REP) diffuse discharge (DD) was realized. It is found that most of the energy is deposited to the REP DD plasma once the voltage across the gap reaches its maximum.","PeriodicalId":173098,"journal":{"name":"2009 IEEE Pulsed Power Conference","volume":"30 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2010-09-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"122252349","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2010-01-19DOI: 10.1109/PPC.2009.5386421
S. Zabihi, Firuz Zare, H. Akiyama
This paper presents the possibility of utilizing a current source topology instead of a voltage source as an efficient, flexible and reliable power supply for plasma applications. A buck-boost converter with a current controller has been used to transfer energy from an inductor to a plasma system. A control strategy has also been designed to satisfy all the desired purposes. The main concept behind this topology is to provide high dv/dt regardless of the switching speed of a power switch and to control the current level to properly transfer adequate energy to various plasma applications.
{"title":"Using a current source to improve efficiency of a plasma system","authors":"S. Zabihi, Firuz Zare, H. Akiyama","doi":"10.1109/PPC.2009.5386421","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/PPC.2009.5386421","url":null,"abstract":"This paper presents the possibility of utilizing a current source topology instead of a voltage source as an efficient, flexible and reliable power supply for plasma applications. A buck-boost converter with a current controller has been used to transfer energy from an inductor to a plasma system. A control strategy has also been designed to satisfy all the desired purposes. The main concept behind this topology is to provide high dv/dt regardless of the switching speed of a power switch and to control the current level to properly transfer adequate energy to various plasma applications.","PeriodicalId":173098,"journal":{"name":"2009 IEEE Pulsed Power Conference","volume":"3 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2010-01-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"126407365","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2009-12-09DOI: 10.1109/PPC.2009.5386366
K. Macken, T. Beukers, C. Burkhart, M. Kemp, M. Nguyen, T. Tang
The concept of Power Electronic Building Blocks (PEBBs) has its origin in the U.S. Navy during the last decade of the past century. As compared to a more conventional or classical design approach, a PEBB-oriented design approach combines various potential advantages such as increased modularity, high availability, and simplified serviceability. This relatively new design paradigm for power conversion has progressively matured since then and its underlying philosophy has been clearly and successfully demonstrated in a number of real-world applications. Therefore, this approach has been adopted here to design a Marx-topology modulator for an International Linear Collider (ILC) environment where easy serviceability and high availability are crucial. This paper describes various aspects relating to the design of a 32-cell Marx-topology ILC klystron modulator. The concept of nested droop correction is introduced and illustrated. Several design considerations including cosmic ray withstand, power cycling capability, fault tolerance, etc., are discussed. Details of the design of a Marx cell PEBB are included.
{"title":"Design considerations for a PEBB-based Marx-topology ILC klystron modulator","authors":"K. Macken, T. Beukers, C. Burkhart, M. Kemp, M. Nguyen, T. Tang","doi":"10.1109/PPC.2009.5386366","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/PPC.2009.5386366","url":null,"abstract":"The concept of Power Electronic Building Blocks (PEBBs) has its origin in the U.S. Navy during the last decade of the past century. As compared to a more conventional or classical design approach, a PEBB-oriented design approach combines various potential advantages such as increased modularity, high availability, and simplified serviceability. This relatively new design paradigm for power conversion has progressively matured since then and its underlying philosophy has been clearly and successfully demonstrated in a number of real-world applications. Therefore, this approach has been adopted here to design a Marx-topology modulator for an International Linear Collider (ILC) environment where easy serviceability and high availability are crucial. This paper describes various aspects relating to the design of a 32-cell Marx-topology ILC klystron modulator. The concept of nested droop correction is introduced and illustrated. Several design considerations including cosmic ray withstand, power cycling capability, fault tolerance, etc., are discussed. Details of the design of a Marx cell PEBB are included.","PeriodicalId":173098,"journal":{"name":"2009 IEEE Pulsed Power Conference","volume":"10 6 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2009-12-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"132102391","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2009-12-01DOI: 10.1109/PPC.2009.5386103
M. Yano, N. Nomura, K. Morotomi, K. Yano, S. Katsuki, H. Akiyama
Intracellular DNA breakage induced by exposing to non-thermal, intense burst sinusoidal electric fields (IBSEF) was studied by means of alkaline comet assay, single cell electrophoresis. The IBSEFs with frequency in the range of 300 kHz–100 MHz and with field strength up to 200 kV/m were applied to cultured Chinese hamster ovary (CHO) cells. The DNA breakage indicated by the comet pattern was evaluated by using Olive Moment Method. The experiment shows that the DNA breakage depends both on the field strength and on the frequency of the IBSEF. For the frequency of 100 MHz, the critical field strength is 10 kV/m. For the strength of 100 kV/m, the DNA is damaged only with the frequency exceeding 1 MHz. Two dimensional calculation of the electric field distribution under an alternating field implies that the DNA breakage occurs only when the intracellular electric field exceeds 30 kV/m, which might trigger biological processes leading to the DNA breakage.
{"title":"Intracellular DNA breakage in CHO cells induced by exposure to intense burst sinusoidal electric fields","authors":"M. Yano, N. Nomura, K. Morotomi, K. Yano, S. Katsuki, H. Akiyama","doi":"10.1109/PPC.2009.5386103","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/PPC.2009.5386103","url":null,"abstract":"Intracellular DNA breakage induced by exposing to non-thermal, intense burst sinusoidal electric fields (IBSEF) was studied by means of alkaline comet assay, single cell electrophoresis. The IBSEFs with frequency in the range of 300 kHz–100 MHz and with field strength up to 200 kV/m were applied to cultured Chinese hamster ovary (CHO) cells. The DNA breakage indicated by the comet pattern was evaluated by using Olive Moment Method. The experiment shows that the DNA breakage depends both on the field strength and on the frequency of the IBSEF. For the frequency of 100 MHz, the critical field strength is 10 kV/m. For the strength of 100 kV/m, the DNA is damaged only with the frequency exceeding 1 MHz. Two dimensional calculation of the electric field distribution under an alternating field implies that the DNA breakage occurs only when the intracellular electric field exceeds 30 kV/m, which might trigger biological processes leading to the DNA breakage.","PeriodicalId":173098,"journal":{"name":"2009 IEEE Pulsed Power Conference","volume":"60 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2009-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"125085920","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2009-12-01DOI: 10.1109/PPC.2009.5386122
D. Wang, T. Namihira, H. Akiyama
Non-thermal plasma has been widely used for various applications. The observation of discharge plasmas is an essential aspect for understanding the plasma physics of this growing field. In this work, the propagation of pulsed discharges was observed by both framing and streak images and spectroscopy. The results showed two discharge phases exist in pulsed discharge with 100ns in pulse width; streamer and glow-like phase. Between those two phases, the electrode impedance changed dramatically which causes impedance mismatching between the power source and electrode. In addition, the gas temperature increased about 150K during the glow-like discharge, which causes further energy loss in plasma processing. Consequently, the decision became to remove the glow-like phase and only having the streamer discharge. A nano-seconds pulsed power generator was developed and the observed discharge plasma has the streamer phase only. Furthermore, its application of ozone generation showed highest energy efficiency than other discharge methods.
{"title":"Pulsed discahrge plasma generated by nano-seconds pulsed power in atmospheric air","authors":"D. Wang, T. Namihira, H. Akiyama","doi":"10.1109/PPC.2009.5386122","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/PPC.2009.5386122","url":null,"abstract":"Non-thermal plasma has been widely used for various applications. The observation of discharge plasmas is an essential aspect for understanding the plasma physics of this growing field. In this work, the propagation of pulsed discharges was observed by both framing and streak images and spectroscopy. The results showed two discharge phases exist in pulsed discharge with 100ns in pulse width; streamer and glow-like phase. Between those two phases, the electrode impedance changed dramatically which causes impedance mismatching between the power source and electrode. In addition, the gas temperature increased about 150K during the glow-like discharge, which causes further energy loss in plasma processing. Consequently, the decision became to remove the glow-like phase and only having the streamer discharge. A nano-seconds pulsed power generator was developed and the observed discharge plasma has the streamer phase only. Furthermore, its application of ozone generation showed highest energy efficiency than other discharge methods.","PeriodicalId":173098,"journal":{"name":"2009 IEEE Pulsed Power Conference","volume":"9 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2009-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"115773057","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2009-12-01DOI: 10.1109/PPC.2009.5386276
T. Kiyan, K. Miyaji, T. Ihara, M. Hara, H. Akiyama
Statistical characteristics of pulsed breakdown voltage of pressurized carbon dioxide up to supercritical condition were investigated experimentally. The tested gap is a sphere-to-sphere and the gap length and sphere diameter are around 140 µm and 20 mm, respectively. The experimental results show the followings: 1) in the supercritical phase, the scattering in measured breakdown voltage increases with increasing the medium density, 2) the shape parameters in Weibull distribution of breakdown voltage at gas, liquid and supercritical phase are the range of 4 ∼ 25, 5.5 ∼ 9 and 4 ∼ 29, respectively, 3) the maximum shape parameter appears in the density range of 200 to 300 kg m−3 in supercritical phase, and 4) two values of shape parameter were observed at the measurement conditions of 580 kg m−3 and 787 kg m−3 in supercritical phase.
实验研究了超临界条件下加压二氧化碳脉冲击穿电压的统计特性。测试间隙为球对球，间隙长度约为140µm，球体直径约为20 mm。实验结果表明:2)气体、液体和超临界相击穿电压Weibull分布的形状参数分别为4 ~ 25、5.5 ~ 9和4 ~ 29,3)在超临界相密度为200 ~ 300 kg m−3时，形状参数出现最大值。4)在超临界相580 kg m−3和787 kg m−3的测量条件下，观察到两个形状参数值。
{"title":"Pulsed breakdown voltage characteristics of pressurized carbon dioxide up to supercritical conditions","authors":"T. Kiyan, K. Miyaji, T. Ihara, M. Hara, H. Akiyama","doi":"10.1109/PPC.2009.5386276","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/PPC.2009.5386276","url":null,"abstract":"Statistical characteristics of pulsed breakdown voltage of pressurized carbon dioxide up to supercritical condition were investigated experimentally. The tested gap is a sphere-to-sphere and the gap length and sphere diameter are around 140 µm and 20 mm, respectively. The experimental results show the followings: 1) in the supercritical phase, the scattering in measured breakdown voltage increases with increasing the medium density, 2) the shape parameters in Weibull distribution of breakdown voltage at gas, liquid and supercritical phase are the range of 4 ∼ 25, 5.5 ∼ 9 and 4 ∼ 29, respectively, 3) the maximum shape parameter appears in the density range of 200 to 300 kg m−3 in supercritical phase, and 4) two values of shape parameter were observed at the measurement conditions of 580 kg m−3 and 787 kg m−3 in supercritical phase.","PeriodicalId":173098,"journal":{"name":"2009 IEEE Pulsed Power Conference","volume":"11 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2009-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"124833127","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2009-12-01DOI: 10.1109/PPC.2009.5386427
M. Akiyama, K. Kouno, K. Kawamoto, T. Sakugawa, H. Akiyama, K. Suematsu, A. Kouda, M. Watanabe
High-reliability, high repetition rate and compactness of pulsed power generators have been required for spreading industrial applications. The control of pulsed power generator becomes more complicated with the increase of functions. An all solid state pulsed power generator can be easily controlled by using a field programmable gate array (FPGA). The pulsed power generator is consisted of a controller, a charger, insulated gate bipolar transistor (IGBT) switches, magnetic switches and etc. The performance of the pulsed power generator such as variable pulse repetition rate and diagnosis of incorrect operation is achieved by rewriting the programming of Verilog hardware description language (HDL). The pulsed power generator using a FPGA becomes more compact in comparison with conventional pulsed power generators using logic ICs.
{"title":"Compact all solid state pulsed power generator driven by FPGA","authors":"M. Akiyama, K. Kouno, K. Kawamoto, T. Sakugawa, H. Akiyama, K. Suematsu, A. Kouda, M. Watanabe","doi":"10.1109/PPC.2009.5386427","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/PPC.2009.5386427","url":null,"abstract":"High-reliability, high repetition rate and compactness of pulsed power generators have been required for spreading industrial applications. The control of pulsed power generator becomes more complicated with the increase of functions. An all solid state pulsed power generator can be easily controlled by using a field programmable gate array (FPGA). The pulsed power generator is consisted of a controller, a charger, insulated gate bipolar transistor (IGBT) switches, magnetic switches and etc. The performance of the pulsed power generator such as variable pulse repetition rate and diagnosis of incorrect operation is achieved by rewriting the programming of Verilog hardware description language (HDL). The pulsed power generator using a FPGA becomes more compact in comparison with conventional pulsed power generators using logic ICs.","PeriodicalId":173098,"journal":{"name":"2009 IEEE Pulsed Power Conference","volume":"182 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2009-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"114176742","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2009-12-01DOI: 10.1109/PPC.2009.5386164
D. K. Kang, S. Nakamitsu, S. Hosseini, S. Iwasaki, S. Kono, Nobuaki Tominaga, T. Sakugawa, S. Katsuki, Hidenori Akiyama
The paper describes the effects of 50 to 300 nanosecond pulsed electric field on the embryonic development of the medaka fish egg (Oryzias latipes). In the recent years it has been reported that applying short (less than 100 ns) pulses increased the possibility of electric field interactions with subcellular structures, which leaded to secondary cellular events, such as temporally increase in cell membrane permeability and induction of apoptosis. The goal of the current study was to find the effects of short pulsed electric field in-vivo during embryo development. A pulsed power modulator using a magnetic compression circuit was employed to generat 0.5 to 20 kV pulses with 50 to 300 nanosecond pulse durations. Input voltage and current were measured by using an oscilloscope and a current monitor. Fertilized eggs of d-rR medaka were used. The age of the experimental eggs were 6 hours, 1 day and 2 days post fertilization. In each experiment, a single medaka egg (about 1.2 mm diameter) was set at the middle of a 2 mm or 4 mm cuvette and a single electric pulse was applied. After the experiments the eggs were observed under a microscope until they hatched or died. A fluorescent plasma membrane integrity indicator, propidium iodide (PI), was used to study electroporative uptake kinetics of the embryo cells after the electric pulse exposure. By applying 300 ns electric pulses, extensive damage of eggs were observed immediately after pulse application. For shorter 50 ns width pulses and low electric field, delayed hatching consistent with electric field intracellular interaction was observed, whereas stronger electric field affected the eggs immediately after the pulse and those eggs could not survive and died a few days later.
{"title":"Effects of nanosecond pulsed electric field on the embryonic development of medaka fish egg (Oryzias latipes)","authors":"D. K. Kang, S. Nakamitsu, S. Hosseini, S. Iwasaki, S. Kono, Nobuaki Tominaga, T. Sakugawa, S. Katsuki, Hidenori Akiyama","doi":"10.1109/PPC.2009.5386164","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/PPC.2009.5386164","url":null,"abstract":"The paper describes the effects of 50 to 300 nanosecond pulsed electric field on the embryonic development of the medaka fish egg (Oryzias latipes). In the recent years it has been reported that applying short (less than 100 ns) pulses increased the possibility of electric field interactions with subcellular structures, which leaded to secondary cellular events, such as temporally increase in cell membrane permeability and induction of apoptosis. The goal of the current study was to find the effects of short pulsed electric field in-vivo during embryo development. A pulsed power modulator using a magnetic compression circuit was employed to generat 0.5 to 20 kV pulses with 50 to 300 nanosecond pulse durations. Input voltage and current were measured by using an oscilloscope and a current monitor. Fertilized eggs of d-rR medaka were used. The age of the experimental eggs were 6 hours, 1 day and 2 days post fertilization. In each experiment, a single medaka egg (about 1.2 mm diameter) was set at the middle of a 2 mm or 4 mm cuvette and a single electric pulse was applied. After the experiments the eggs were observed under a microscope until they hatched or died. A fluorescent plasma membrane integrity indicator, propidium iodide (PI), was used to study electroporative uptake kinetics of the embryo cells after the electric pulse exposure. By applying 300 ns electric pulses, extensive damage of eggs were observed immediately after pulse application. For shorter 50 ns width pulses and low electric field, delayed hatching consistent with electric field intracellular interaction was observed, whereas stronger electric field affected the eggs immediately after the pulse and those eggs could not survive and died a few days later.","PeriodicalId":173098,"journal":{"name":"2009 IEEE Pulsed Power Conference","volume":"45 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2009-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"113975800","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2009-12-01DOI: 10.1109/PPC.2009.5386283
T. Sakugawa, K. Kouno, K. Kawamoto, H. Akiyama, K. Suematsu, A. Kouda, M. Watanabe
Recently, all solid-state pulsed power generators, which are operated with high repetition rate, long lifetime and high reliability, have been developed to be used for industrial applications, such as high repetition rate pulsed gas lasers, high energy density plasma (EUV sources) and pulse ozonizer. Requirements of these applications are repetitive fast rise time pulsed power. Recently, semiconductor power device technology has improved the performance of fast high voltage switching and low switching loss. In particular, insulated gate bipolar transistor (IGBT) is highly efficient semiconductor switching device. However, the IGBT switch is still not sufficient to drive the pulse laser and the pulse ozonizer themselves. In practical systems, semiconductor switches are used with the assistance of magnetic switches. We have studied and developed high repetition rate small size pulsed power generator for generation of discharge plasma. This generator consists of an IGBT switch circuit, a step-up pulse transformer and magnetic pulse compression circuit (MPC). This generator is able to generate an output voltage of about 14kV with voltage rise time of less than 100 ns. And repetition rate are up to 2000 pulses per second (pps). We did the operation test and generate the streamer discharge with 2000 pps.
{"title":"High repetition rate pulsed power generator using IGBTs and magnetic pulse compression circuit","authors":"T. Sakugawa, K. Kouno, K. Kawamoto, H. Akiyama, K. Suematsu, A. Kouda, M. Watanabe","doi":"10.1109/PPC.2009.5386283","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/PPC.2009.5386283","url":null,"abstract":"Recently, all solid-state pulsed power generators, which are operated with high repetition rate, long lifetime and high reliability, have been developed to be used for industrial applications, such as high repetition rate pulsed gas lasers, high energy density plasma (EUV sources) and pulse ozonizer. Requirements of these applications are repetitive fast rise time pulsed power. Recently, semiconductor power device technology has improved the performance of fast high voltage switching and low switching loss. In particular, insulated gate bipolar transistor (IGBT) is highly efficient semiconductor switching device. However, the IGBT switch is still not sufficient to drive the pulse laser and the pulse ozonizer themselves. In practical systems, semiconductor switches are used with the assistance of magnetic switches. We have studied and developed high repetition rate small size pulsed power generator for generation of discharge plasma. This generator consists of an IGBT switch circuit, a step-up pulse transformer and magnetic pulse compression circuit (MPC). This generator is able to generate an output voltage of about 14kV with voltage rise time of less than 100 ns. And repetition rate are up to 2000 pulses per second (pps). We did the operation test and generate the streamer discharge with 2000 pps.","PeriodicalId":173098,"journal":{"name":"2009 IEEE Pulsed Power Conference","volume":"21 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2009-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"132407581","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2009-12-01DOI: 10.1109/PPC.2009.5386394
S. Iwasaki, S. Hosseini, D. K. Kang, S. Nakamitsu, T. Sakugawa, H. Akiyama
Paper reports on production and focusing of micro-underwater shock waves for medical applications. Shock wave focusing has various scientific, industrial and medical applications. For precise shock wave therapies near sensitive organs, such as cranioplasty in the close vicinity of the brain, a micro-shock wave source is required. A half-ellipsoidal cavity with 20.0 mm minor diameter and the ratio of major to minor diameters of 1.41 was designed and constructed as an extracorporeal shock wave (ESW) source. Underwater shock waves were generated by electric discharge produced by a magnetic pulse compression circuit (MPC) and an electrode. Input voltage and input current were measured by using an oscilloscope and a current monitor. Pressure histories were measured at different stand-off distances by using a PVDF needle and a fiber optic probe hydrophones. A wide range of peak overpressures from 10 to 150 MPa at the focus was obtained, and small focal zone and focal energy flux density were measured. It is concluded that the present compact extracorporeal shock wave generator has appropriate characteristics for application in precise and sensitive medical procedures.
{"title":"A compact underwater shock wave generator using magnetic pulse compression circuit for medical applications","authors":"S. Iwasaki, S. Hosseini, D. K. Kang, S. Nakamitsu, T. Sakugawa, H. Akiyama","doi":"10.1109/PPC.2009.5386394","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/PPC.2009.5386394","url":null,"abstract":"Paper reports on production and focusing of micro-underwater shock waves for medical applications. Shock wave focusing has various scientific, industrial and medical applications. For precise shock wave therapies near sensitive organs, such as cranioplasty in the close vicinity of the brain, a micro-shock wave source is required. A half-ellipsoidal cavity with 20.0 mm minor diameter and the ratio of major to minor diameters of 1.41 was designed and constructed as an extracorporeal shock wave (ESW) source. Underwater shock waves were generated by electric discharge produced by a magnetic pulse compression circuit (MPC) and an electrode. Input voltage and input current were measured by using an oscilloscope and a current monitor. Pressure histories were measured at different stand-off distances by using a PVDF needle and a fiber optic probe hydrophones. A wide range of peak overpressures from 10 to 150 MPa at the focus was obtained, and small focal zone and focal energy flux density were measured. It is concluded that the present compact extracorporeal shock wave generator has appropriate characteristics for application in precise and sensitive medical procedures.","PeriodicalId":173098,"journal":{"name":"2009 IEEE Pulsed Power Conference","volume":"62 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2009-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"114325367","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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