Journal of the Neurological Sciences最新文献

{"title":"Impact of early cognitive and psychological status on return to work after acute ischemic stroke","authors":"Yong Yi Tan ,&nbsp;Gabriel Yi Ren Kwok ,&nbsp;Chee Qing See ,&nbsp;Jing En Toh ,&nbsp;Nur Hafizah Mohd Amin ,&nbsp;Pei Yi Loh ,&nbsp;Maznah Marmin ,&nbsp;Fadhlina Hassan ,&nbsp;Shamala Thilarajah ,&nbsp;Megan B.J. Ng ,&nbsp;Xin Yuan Lim ,&nbsp;Emma En Jia Peh ,&nbsp;Ching-Hui Sia ,&nbsp;Poay Huan Loh ,&nbsp;Vijay K. Sharma ,&nbsp;Bernard P.L. Chan ,&nbsp;Leonard L.L. Yeo ,&nbsp;Nirupama Yechoor ,&nbsp;Christopher D. Anderson ,&nbsp;Aftab Ahmad ,&nbsp;Benjamin Y.Q. Tan","doi":"10.1016/j.jns.2026.125730","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jns.2026.125730","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Purpose</h3><div>As young ischemic stroke (IS) incidence increases worldwide, helping IS survivors return to work (RTW) remains challenging. Post-stroke cognitive impairment (PSCI) and mood changes represent important hindrances to RTW. However, it remains uncertain whether early psycho-cognitive assessment during the acute admission can prognosticate RTW outcomes toward personalized rehabilitation regimens. Hence, we aimed to evaluate the relationship between early psycho-cognitive status and three-month RTW status in a cohort of working-age Asian IS survivors.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>Consecutive IS patients previously in active employment admitted to a primary stroke center in Singapore from 1st January 2020 to 31st December 2022 were included. Psychocognitive status was assessed within 24–72 h of IS admission using the Montreal Cognitive Assessment (MoCA) and Patient Health Questionnaire-9 (PHQ-9). RTW was assessed at post-stroke three-months. Univariate and multivariate logistic regression was done to evaluate associations between psychocognitive status and RTW.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>Overall, 322 IS survivors were included, with 33 (10.2%) patients experiencing post-stroke depression and 214 (66.5%) patients experiencing PSCI. 212 (65.8%) patients successfully RTW at post-stroke three-months. Only MoCA scores were significantly associated with RTW across univariable (OR = 1.10, 95% CI: 1.06–1.15, <em>p</em> &lt; 0.001) and all multivariable analyses (OR = 1.07, 95% CI: 1.01–1.13, <em>p</em> = 0.014). Lower occupational skill levels and increased stroke severity were also associated with lower odds of RTW. MoCA scores remained significantly associated with RTW across all levels of adjustment in both sensitivity analyses.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>Early MoCA scores at 24–72 h post-stroke may help identify high-risk patients for early interventions. Longitudinal cohort studies are needed to better characterize longer-term cognitive and return-to-work trajectories in acute ischemic stroke.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":17417,"journal":{"name":"Journal of the Neurological Sciences","volume":"481 ","pages":"Article 125730"},"PeriodicalIF":3.2,"publicationDate":"2026-01-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145966601","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Diabetic lumbosacral radiculoplexus neuropathy after glucagon-like peptide 1 receptor agonist use: A case series","authors":"Swathy Chandrashekhar ,&nbsp;Long Davalos ,&nbsp;Richeek Pradhan ,&nbsp;Pritikanta Paul","doi":"10.1016/j.jns.2026.125755","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jns.2026.125755","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><div>Diabetic Lumbosacral Radiculoplexus Neuropathy (DLRPN) is a rare form of debilitating neuropathy, usually preceded by rapid glycemic control.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>We describe a case series of patients with DLRPN who had been exposed to GLP-1 Receptor Agonists (GLP-1 RA) prior to symptom onset.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>Six patients (3 men; aged 53–73) with type 2 diabetes developed sudden-onset, asymmetric lower limb pain followed by weakness-bilateral in 5/6. Most had substantial weight loss (35–52 lbs) and rapid HbA1c decline (&gt;5) in months preceding symptoms. Four patients had electrophysiologic evidence of lumbosacral plexopathy; imaging was supportive in 2. One patient received intravenous steroids with improvement; others were managed supportively, with 3 showing stabilization or mild recovery.</div></div><div><h3>Discussion</h3><div>This series highlights a potential association between rapid glycemic and weight changes from GLP-1 RA use and DLRPN. Clinicians should be alert to subacute neuropathy with muscle weakness in patients undergoing aggressive glycemic control.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":17417,"journal":{"name":"Journal of the Neurological Sciences","volume":"481 ","pages":"Article 125755"},"PeriodicalIF":3.2,"publicationDate":"2026-01-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145979300","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Gut virome plays an extended role with bacteriome in neurological health and disease","authors":"Komal Shrivastav ,&nbsp;Muskan Pandey ,&nbsp;Hetarth Gor ,&nbsp;Vijay Nema","doi":"10.1016/j.jns.2026.125754","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jns.2026.125754","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The gut-brain axis (GBA) is a complex two-way communication system that links the gastrointestinal tract and the central nervous system (CNS) through neural, immune, hormonal, and microbial pathways. The microbiota-gut-brain axis (MGBA), a more specific concept, focuses on how gut microorganisms, including bacteria, viruses, and other microbes, modulate this communication and influence neurological health. This comprehensive review examines the intricate mechanisms through which gut microorganisms modulate neural function and contribute to neurological health and disease pathogenesis. The gut microbiota, comprising bacteria, viruses, fungi, and bacteriophages, produces essential neuroactive compounds including neurotransmitters- Gamma-Aminobutyric Acid (GABA), serotonin (5-HT), dopamine (DA), short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs), and metabolites that directly influence brain physiology through vagal, hormonal, and immunological pathways. Dysbiosis of the gut microbiota has been implicated in various neurological disorders, including Alzheimer's disease, Parkinson's disease, autism spectrum disorders, and schizophrenia. In healthy conditions, beneficial bacterial strains such as <em>Lactobacillus</em> species synthesize GABA and regulate mood, while SCFA-producing bacteria like <em>Fecalibacterium prausnitzii</em> maintain blood-brain barrier integrity and exert neuroprotective effects. Conversely, pathological states demonstrate altered microbial compositions, reduced bacterial diversity, and compromised production of beneficial metabolites. Emerging evidence highlights the previously underexplored role of the gut virome, particularly bacteriophages, in regulating bacterial populations and influencing neurodevelopment. Viral dysbiosis correlates with cognitive impairment and neurodegenerative processes through modulation of bacterial metabolism and inflammatory responses. Understanding these complex host-microbiome-virome interactions provides novel therapeutic opportunities for neurological disorders through targeted interventions including probiotics, fecal microbiota transplantation, and phage-based therapies, representing a paradigm shift toward microbiome-centered approaches in neurological medicine.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":17417,"journal":{"name":"Journal of the Neurological Sciences","volume":"481 ","pages":"Article 125754"},"PeriodicalIF":3.2,"publicationDate":"2026-01-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145979229","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"","authors":"Tissa Wijeratne","doi":"10.1016/j.jns.2026.125753","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jns.2026.125753","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":17417,"journal":{"name":"Journal of the Neurological Sciences","volume":"481 ","pages":"Article 125753"},"PeriodicalIF":3.2,"publicationDate":"2026-01-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145979230","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Functional imaging reveals cerebral microvascular dysfunction in primary antiphospholipid syndrome: Pathophysiologic insights and translational implications","authors":"A. Mameli ,&nbsp;L. Indovina ,&nbsp;F. Cocciolillo ,&nbsp;A. Serra ,&nbsp;F. Marongiu ,&nbsp;D. Barcellona","doi":"10.1016/j.jns.2026.125750","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jns.2026.125750","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Primary antiphospholipid syndrome (PAPS) is an autoimmune thromboinflammatory disorder primarily characterized by recurrent arterial and venous thromboses and persistently elevated antiphospholipid antibodies (aPL). Beyond its classical vascular manifestations, an expanding spectrum of neuropsychiatric symptoms—including cognitive impairment, mood disturbances, and attention deficits—has been reported in PAPS, often in the absence of overt ischemic lesions on structural neuroimaging. In this study, we present original data from a cohort of 25 well-defined PAPS patients who underwent brain single-photon emission computed tomography (SPECT) imaging with Statistical Parametric Mapping (SPM) analysis. Compared to age- and sex-matched controls, PAPS patients demonstrated a consistent pattern of cerebral hypoperfusion involving bilateral frontoparietal cortices, independent of clinical neurological manifestations or MRI findings. These abnormalities suggest functional microvascular impairment potentially mediated by chronic endothelial dysfunction, complement activation, and aPL-induced neuroinflammatory cascades. Our findings support the hypothesis that cerebral involvement in PAPS extends beyond thrombotic injury to include immune-mediated microvascular and neuroglial dysregulation. This study highlights the value of functional imaging in uncovering subclinical cerebral dysfunction and proposes a neuroimmunological framework for understanding and managing cognitive and psychiatric symptoms in PAPS. Early identification of such changes may offer a window for therapeutic intervention before irreversible neuronal damage occurs.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":17417,"journal":{"name":"Journal of the Neurological Sciences","volume":"481 ","pages":"Article 125750"},"PeriodicalIF":3.2,"publicationDate":"2026-01-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145966565","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Letter to the editor: Association between benzodiazepines and dementia: A case-control study from Canadian health surveys and medico-administrative databases","authors":"Zhiyi Chen ,&nbsp;Longyao Zhang ,&nbsp;Xuezhu Zhang","doi":"10.1016/j.jns.2026.125738","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jns.2026.125738","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":17417,"journal":{"name":"Journal of the Neurological Sciences","volume":"481 ","pages":"Article 125738"},"PeriodicalIF":3.2,"publicationDate":"2026-01-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145940313","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Impact of corticosteroid use on comorbidities in patients with myasthenia gravis in the US National Veterans Affairs Health Network","authors":"Cynthia Z. Qi ,&nbsp;Yilu Lin ,&nbsp;Yuebing Li ,&nbsp;Tuan Vu ,&nbsp;Deborah Gelinas ,&nbsp;Alexis A. Lizarraga ,&nbsp;Cécile Blein ,&nbsp;Femke De Ruyck ,&nbsp;Lizheng Shi","doi":"10.1016/j.jns.2025.125716","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jns.2025.125716","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><div>Corticosteroid use may increase the risk of common comorbidities in patients with myasthenia gravis (MG); however, limited longitudinal data are available to evaluate this risk over time.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>This retrospective cohort study used electronic medical record data from the National Veterans Affairs Health Care Network database (January 1999–March 2024) to evaluate the impact of corticosteroid use on the development of selected comorbidities in patients with and without generalized MG. Index date was the first MG diagnosis for the MG cohort and a randomly chosen date for a propensity score-matched non-MG cohort; patients were followed until disenrollment, end-of-study, or death.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>In total, 10,632 patients with MG and 10,632 matched controls were included; mean follow-up was 7.8 years. Corticosteroids were received by 51.6% of MG and 21.2% of non-MG patients. Both MG and non-MG patients who received corticosteroids had a higher incidence of new-onset comorbidities during follow-up than MG and non-MG patients without corticosteroid use (<em>p</em> &lt; 0.0001). Among MG patients, multivariate analyses showed statistically significant increases in the annualized risk of new-onset diabetes (hazard ratios 1.32–1.76), infections (1.19–1.25), osteoporosis (1.33–1.69), and cardiovascular disease (1.19–1.31) across medium- and high-dose intensities (<em>p</em> &lt; 0.05). Statistically significant increases in annualized risk were observed for glaucoma (hazard ratio 1.81 at high dose; <em>p</em> &lt; 0.05) and depression (1.22 at medium dose; <em>p</em> &lt; 0.05).</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><div>Increased risks for the development of key comorbidities among patients with MG were associated with corticosteroid use, particularly at higher-dose intensities. Our findings support strategies to minimize corticosteroid usage in MG.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":17417,"journal":{"name":"Journal of the Neurological Sciences","volume":"481 ","pages":"Article 125716"},"PeriodicalIF":3.2,"publicationDate":"2026-01-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145979232","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A 12-month observational study on the safety, efficacy on migraine-associated symptoms and satisfaction of CGRP monoclonal antibodies in Japanese patients with migraine","authors":"Shungo Imai ,&nbsp;Keiko Ihara ,&nbsp;Nobuyuki Takahashi ,&nbsp;Seiya Ohtani ,&nbsp;Narumi Watanabe ,&nbsp;Chisato Iba ,&nbsp;Kei Ishizuchi ,&nbsp;Ryo Takemura ,&nbsp;Jin Nakahara ,&nbsp;Satoko Hori ,&nbsp;Tsubasa Takizawa","doi":"10.1016/j.jns.2026.125751","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jns.2026.125751","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Introduction</h3><div>Calcitonin gene-related peptide monoclonal antibodies (CGRP mAbs) are effective in clinical trials and real-world settings. However, data other than headache frequency remains limited in East Asia. Thus, we investigated long-term efficacy, tolerability, and patient-reported satisfaction of CGRP mAbs in clinical practice.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>This single-center observational study included patients with migraine who were administered one of three CGRP mAbs (erenumab, galcanezumab, and fremanezumab) between August 2021 and February 2023. Baseline demographic and headache characteristics were recorded, and treatment outcomes, adverse events, migraine-associated symptoms, and satisfaction levels were assessed over time.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>We enrolled 150 patients with episodic (<em>n</em> = 81) or chronic migraine (<em>n</em> = 69), including 40 with migraine aura. At six and twelve months, 36/67 (54%) and 22/42 (52%) patients achieved at least 50% reduction in monthly migraine days. Multivariate logistic regression showed that among differences in demographic and headache characteristics between responders and non-responders, the response rate at 3 months was associated with the 6-month response. Migraine-associated symptoms and aura showed improving trends until 5 months after CGRP mAbs initiation. As for safety, injection site reaction was seen in 35/146 (24%), 14/57 (25%), and 4/37 (11%) at 1, 6, and 12 months, respectively. Regarding satisfaction, 74%, 92%, and 94% answered “very satisfied” or “somewhat satisfied” at 1, 6, and 12 months, respectively.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>This study highlighted the role of early response in predicting the long-term response to CGRP mAbs. We also emphasized the importance of documenting satisfaction, migraine aura frequency, in addition to migraine frequency, for deeper insights into migraine pathophysiology.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":17417,"journal":{"name":"Journal of the Neurological Sciences","volume":"481 ","pages":"Article 125751"},"PeriodicalIF":3.2,"publicationDate":"2026-01-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145979231","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The impact of adding optical coherence tomography in MS diagnostic criteria on the classification of tumefactive demyelination","authors":"Fiorella S. Guido ,&nbsp;John J. Chen ,&nbsp;Paul A. Decker ,&nbsp;Mahboubeh Fereidan-Esfahani ,&nbsp;Kevin D. Chodnicki ,&nbsp;Deena A. Tajfirouz ,&nbsp;Eoin P. Flanagan ,&nbsp;Orhun H. Kantarci ,&nbsp;B. Mark Keegan ,&nbsp;Sean J. Pittock ,&nbsp;Jan-Mendelt Tillema ,&nbsp;Claudia F. Lucchinetti ,&nbsp;Jeanette E. Eckel-Passow ,&nbsp;W. Oliver Tobin","doi":"10.1016/j.jns.2026.125739","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jns.2026.125739","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><div>De novo tumefactive demyelination (TD) poses a diagnostic challenge, with lower rates of cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) oligoclonal bands and lower female-to-male ratio than typical onset multiple sclerosis (MS). Only about half fulfill the 2017 McDonald diagnostic criteria for MS at presentation. Therefore, our aim was to assess optic nerve involvement by optical coherence tomography (OCT) in patients with TD. Further, whether the presence of abnormalities on OCT would allow additional TD patients to be diagnosed with MS when the optic nerve is added as a fifth topography to the Barkhof criteria or 2017 McDonald criteria.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>Observational retrospective chart review of patients seen at a tertiary referral center from 1/1/1990 to 2/21/2024 with TD. Inclusion criteria were: 1) brain MRI showing an active TD lesion; 2) medical records with at least one available clinical assessment by a neurologist; 3) available Cirrus OCT data to review. Exclusion criteria were: 1) patients with final diagnosis of vasculitis, abscess, CNS malignancies, or MOGAD; 2) presence of confounding ocular disease.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>OCT was available in 68 patients with TD. The tumefactive attack was the first demyelinating event in 45 (67 %) patients. At presentation, 29/68 (43 %) fulfilled 3 of 4 Barkhof criteria, and 34/68 (50 %) fulfilled the 2017 McDonald criteria for the diagnosis of MS. A clinical history of optic neuritis was present in 9/68 (13 %) patients and OCT was abnormal in 9/9 (100 %) of those patients. Regardless of clinical history, OCT was abnormal in 22/68 (32 %) patients. Therefore, OCT identified abnormalities suggestive of prior optic neuritis in 13/59 (22 %) TD patients without a clinical history of optic neuritis. If the optic nerve, as a firth topography, was assessed by OCT 39/68 (57 %) would fulfill McDonald criteria.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><div>OCT in patients presenting with TD lesions can frequently identify both clinical and subclinical optic neuritis. The addition of the optic nerve as a fifth topography assessed by OCT to fulfill dissemination in space criteria would allow additional TD patients to be diagnosed with MS.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":17417,"journal":{"name":"Journal of the Neurological Sciences","volume":"481 ","pages":"Article 125739"},"PeriodicalIF":3.2,"publicationDate":"2026-01-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145966568","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Digital biomarkers in early Alzheimer's disease from wearable or portable technology: A scoping review","authors":"Mathias Holsey Gramkow ,&nbsp;Helena Sophia Coley Gleerup ,&nbsp;Anja Hviid Simonsen ,&nbsp;Gunhild Waldemar ,&nbsp;Kristian Steen Frederiksen","doi":"10.1016/j.jns.2026.125734","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jns.2026.125734","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><div>The pursuit of accurate biomarkers for early detection and disease monitoring of Alzheimer's disease (AD) has driven a growing interest in digital biomarkers. We aimed to map the research landscape of digital biomarkers in early AD obtained with wearable or portable digital health technologies (DHTs).</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>In our scoping review, we included original research on portable or wearable DHTs where digital biomarkers were measured in populations of early AD (mild cognitive impairment (MCI) or mild dementia). We searched MEDLINE, Web of Science and EMBASE with a wide search strategy with independent review and data extraction by two review team members. We charted data in tabular/graphical form.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>After deduplication and screening of 8893 records, we included 109 studies describing a wide array of wearable or portable DHTs that obtained digital biomarkers. The study population consisted of 3019 individuals with MCI due to AD (54 % female, weighted mean age 73 years), and 1942 individuals with mild AD (55 % female, weighted mean age 73 years). The most studied biomarkers were rest/activity (39 %), speech (17 %), and gait (14 %), with most studies focusing on one domain. Few studies reported outcomes associated with diagnosis (16 %) and prognosis (3 %).</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>We identified a growing evidence base investigating digital biomarkers in early AD. There is a paucity of studies examining diagnostic and prognostic properties, representing a knowledge gap. This overview may help to guide future research efforts to bridge the gap between the development and clinical implementation of digital biomarkers in early Alzheimer's disease.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":17417,"journal":{"name":"Journal of the Neurological Sciences","volume":"481 ","pages":"Article 125734"},"PeriodicalIF":3.2,"publicationDate":"2026-01-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145940311","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}