Pub Date : 2021-12-20DOI: 10.1109/APACE53143.2021.9760603
This work presents a single-feed circularly polarised (CP) textile antenna analysed for 0° to 35° degrees curvature bent angles around E-plane and H-plane configurations. The design consists of two truncated corners with dual L-shaped slots to achieve the Right – Hand Circular Polarization (RHCP) dominant using Felt as a substrate and ShieldiT Super as the radiating element. In this paper, the antenna bending effects particularly the frequency detuning are analysed and compared with the initial performance in flat conditions. A normalised frequency shift of less than 5% has been reported and discussed along with the numerical result of axial ratio, radiation pattern and CP characteristics. This study indicates that the frequency shift is more significant in the E-plane bent condition. On the other hand, the axial ratio is sensitive during bending in both planes and has changed the polarisation characteristic.
{"title":"Bending Analysis of a Dual L-shaped Slotted Circularly Polarised Wearable Textile Antenna for GPS Application","authors":"","doi":"10.1109/APACE53143.2021.9760603","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/APACE53143.2021.9760603","url":null,"abstract":"This work presents a single-feed circularly polarised (CP) textile antenna analysed for 0° to 35° degrees curvature bent angles around E-plane and H-plane configurations. The design consists of two truncated corners with dual L-shaped slots to achieve the Right – Hand Circular Polarization (RHCP) dominant using Felt as a substrate and ShieldiT Super as the radiating element. In this paper, the antenna bending effects particularly the frequency detuning are analysed and compared with the initial performance in flat conditions. A normalised frequency shift of less than 5% has been reported and discussed along with the numerical result of axial ratio, radiation pattern and CP characteristics. This study indicates that the frequency shift is more significant in the E-plane bent condition. On the other hand, the axial ratio is sensitive during bending in both planes and has changed the polarisation characteristic.","PeriodicalId":177263,"journal":{"name":"2021 IEEE Asia-Pacific Conference on Applied Electromagnetics (APACE)","volume":"572 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-12-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"123122494","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-12-20DOI: 10.1109/APACE53143.2021.9760562
M. Ghazali, Saranraj Karuppuswami, M. Jamaluddin
In this work, a machine learning optimized folded dipole antenna is presented for automotive GPS applications with wide band and good antenna performance characteristics. The optimization routine uses a regression based supervised machine learning algorithm, modified extensible lattice sequence (Mels) to develop a surrogate mathematical model from the physical antenna model. A Global Response Search Method (GRSM) optimization technique is used for optimizing the surrogate mathematical model to achieve the desired antenna performance such as high gain, low reflection coefficient, and wide bandwidth. The antenna is designed on a flexible Polyethylene terephthalate (PET) substrate to make it compatible with easier integration in a smaller lattice space. The designed antenna has a bandwidth of 182 MHz in L band with a gain of 1.9 dBi.
{"title":"Machine Learning based Design Optimization of a GPS Antenna on a flexible substrate","authors":"M. Ghazali, Saranraj Karuppuswami, M. Jamaluddin","doi":"10.1109/APACE53143.2021.9760562","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/APACE53143.2021.9760562","url":null,"abstract":"In this work, a machine learning optimized folded dipole antenna is presented for automotive GPS applications with wide band and good antenna performance characteristics. The optimization routine uses a regression based supervised machine learning algorithm, modified extensible lattice sequence (Mels) to develop a surrogate mathematical model from the physical antenna model. A Global Response Search Method (GRSM) optimization technique is used for optimizing the surrogate mathematical model to achieve the desired antenna performance such as high gain, low reflection coefficient, and wide bandwidth. The antenna is designed on a flexible Polyethylene terephthalate (PET) substrate to make it compatible with easier integration in a smaller lattice space. The designed antenna has a bandwidth of 182 MHz in L band with a gain of 1.9 dBi.","PeriodicalId":177263,"journal":{"name":"2021 IEEE Asia-Pacific Conference on Applied Electromagnetics (APACE)","volume":"8 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-12-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"115198591","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-12-20DOI: 10.1109/APACE53143.2021.9760613
This paper presents the design and fabrication of the RF energy harvesting circuit which obtain more than 2 V DC output from the RF power injected from the 900 MHz band RF ID tag transmitter. Our proposed RF energy harvester is composed of a planar antenna, impedance matching circuit and stacked rectifiers. By using this output power, the data of the surface temperature and humidity on the human body are transmitted to the smart phone or laptop PC through the BLE (Bluetooth low energy) module without any batteries.
{"title":"RF Energy Harvesting Circuit for Vital Sensing Platform","authors":"","doi":"10.1109/APACE53143.2021.9760613","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/APACE53143.2021.9760613","url":null,"abstract":"This paper presents the design and fabrication of the RF energy harvesting circuit which obtain more than 2 V DC output from the RF power injected from the 900 MHz band RF ID tag transmitter. Our proposed RF energy harvester is composed of a planar antenna, impedance matching circuit and stacked rectifiers. By using this output power, the data of the surface temperature and humidity on the human body are transmitted to the smart phone or laptop PC through the BLE (Bluetooth low energy) module without any batteries.","PeriodicalId":177263,"journal":{"name":"2021 IEEE Asia-Pacific Conference on Applied Electromagnetics (APACE)","volume":"14 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-12-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"114518869","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-12-20DOI: 10.1109/APACE53143.2021.9760675
Electromagnetic compatibility, or EMC, refers to a product’s or equipment’s ability to operate in its intended environment without producing undue interference or being adversely affected by it. There are two types of measurements which are near field and far field measurements. Both are located around the region of electromagnetic field around the equipment under test (EUT). In this work, an investigation was done for near field measurement. To measure in the near field region, a 3-axis probe station needed to be developed. This probe station consists of a robot arm that can move in 3-axis directions and a probe to measure near field. AR tags are used to represent the measurement points in the simulation. The movement and trajectory of the robot arm was simulated and the attached camera has successfully scan all AprilTags. Results of the simulation shows that the robot arm could be used as the probe station for the measurement in the near field.
{"title":"A Robot Arm Based Probe Station for Near Field Measurement","authors":"","doi":"10.1109/APACE53143.2021.9760675","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/APACE53143.2021.9760675","url":null,"abstract":"Electromagnetic compatibility, or EMC, refers to a product’s or equipment’s ability to operate in its intended environment without producing undue interference or being adversely affected by it. There are two types of measurements which are near field and far field measurements. Both are located around the region of electromagnetic field around the equipment under test (EUT). In this work, an investigation was done for near field measurement. To measure in the near field region, a 3-axis probe station needed to be developed. This probe station consists of a robot arm that can move in 3-axis directions and a probe to measure near field. AR tags are used to represent the measurement points in the simulation. The movement and trajectory of the robot arm was simulated and the attached camera has successfully scan all AprilTags. Results of the simulation shows that the robot arm could be used as the probe station for the measurement in the near field.","PeriodicalId":177263,"journal":{"name":"2021 IEEE Asia-Pacific Conference on Applied Electromagnetics (APACE)","volume":"41 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-12-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"126922311","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-12-20DOI: 10.1109/APACE53143.2021.9760649
Abinash Gaya, M. Jamaluddin
A microstrip line coupled probe fed Rectangular Dielectric Resonator Antenna (DRA) has been designed here. The DRA offers a wide bandwidth of 3.54 GHz (23.30 GHz – 26.84 GHz) which is 13.61 % of impedance bandwidth. The DRA is also metalized with a conformal microstrip line which make the antenna circularly polarized. The DRA has a gain of 5.83 dBi and is excited under characteristics mode of TE112. The calculated DRA dimensions are 0.25λ0×0.27λ0×0.11λ0. The designed antenna here can be used as an idle candidate for millimeter wave 5G frequency band applications from 23 GHz–28 GHz band.
{"title":"Wideband Conformal strip fed Millimeter Wave Rectangular Dielectric Resonator Antenna for 5G Communications","authors":"Abinash Gaya, M. Jamaluddin","doi":"10.1109/APACE53143.2021.9760649","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/APACE53143.2021.9760649","url":null,"abstract":"A microstrip line coupled probe fed Rectangular Dielectric Resonator Antenna (DRA) has been designed here. The DRA offers a wide bandwidth of 3.54 GHz (23.30 GHz – 26.84 GHz) which is 13.61 % of impedance bandwidth. The DRA is also metalized with a conformal microstrip line which make the antenna circularly polarized. The DRA has a gain of 5.83 dBi and is excited under characteristics mode of TE112. The calculated DRA dimensions are 0.25λ0×0.27λ0×0.11λ0. The designed antenna here can be used as an idle candidate for millimeter wave 5G frequency band applications from 23 GHz–28 GHz band.","PeriodicalId":177263,"journal":{"name":"2021 IEEE Asia-Pacific Conference on Applied Electromagnetics (APACE)","volume":"56 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-12-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"121717703","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-12-20DOI: 10.1109/APACE53143.2021.9760686
N. Zamil, N. Ripin, M. Ansari, Y. E. Jalil, N. Nordin, I. Abdullah, Z. Yahya, A. A. Aziz
This paper proposes a novel dipole patch antenna design using graphene sheet for UHF-RFID application. This design is required to compensate for the size of pure epoxy substrate which is 120 × 53 × 2 mm3 at 915 MHz resonant frequency. In order to fulfill these requirements, some miniaturization techniques have been implemented such as meander-line, capacitive loading, T-matching stub and SMD capacitive. Based on the simulation results, this new design can reduce 28.74% of the original antenna length and obtain total efficiency of the RFID tag up to 58.20%.
{"title":"Design and Simulation of Dipole Patch Antenna using Graphene Sheet Substrate for UHF-RFID Application","authors":"N. Zamil, N. Ripin, M. Ansari, Y. E. Jalil, N. Nordin, I. Abdullah, Z. Yahya, A. A. Aziz","doi":"10.1109/APACE53143.2021.9760686","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/APACE53143.2021.9760686","url":null,"abstract":"This paper proposes a novel dipole patch antenna design using graphene sheet for UHF-RFID application. This design is required to compensate for the size of pure epoxy substrate which is 120 × 53 × 2 mm3 at 915 MHz resonant frequency. In order to fulfill these requirements, some miniaturization techniques have been implemented such as meander-line, capacitive loading, T-matching stub and SMD capacitive. Based on the simulation results, this new design can reduce 28.74% of the original antenna length and obtain total efficiency of the RFID tag up to 58.20%.","PeriodicalId":177263,"journal":{"name":"2021 IEEE Asia-Pacific Conference on Applied Electromagnetics (APACE)","volume":"18 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-12-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"128055238","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-12-20DOI: 10.1109/APACE53143.2021.9760579
The meander line antennas (MLAs) are used for small-sized antennas in the self-resonant condition that capacitive reactance (XD) and inductive (XC) reactance are equal. In the previous study, XD and XC are not explicitly shown in the structural equation of self-resonance. In this paper, XC and XD are derived from the self-inductance of the crank part and the stored charge at the edge area of the MLA. By equalizing XD and XC, the self-resonant equation is obtained. The self-resonant structures by the equation and results of electromagnetic simulations agree very well. The usefulness of the equation is ensured.
{"title":"Analysis of Self-Resonant Equation of a Meander Line Antenna","authors":"","doi":"10.1109/APACE53143.2021.9760579","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/APACE53143.2021.9760579","url":null,"abstract":"The meander line antennas (MLAs) are used for small-sized antennas in the self-resonant condition that capacitive reactance (X<inf>D</inf>) and inductive (X<inf>C</inf>) reactance are equal. In the previous study, X<inf>D</inf> and X<inf>C</inf> are not explicitly shown in the structural equation of self-resonance. In this paper, X<inf>C</inf> and X<inf>D</inf> are derived from the self-inductance of the crank part and the stored charge at the edge area of the MLA. By equalizing X<inf>D</inf> and X<inf>C</inf>, the self-resonant equation is obtained. The self-resonant structures by the equation and results of electromagnetic simulations agree very well. The usefulness of the equation is ensured.","PeriodicalId":177263,"journal":{"name":"2021 IEEE Asia-Pacific Conference on Applied Electromagnetics (APACE)","volume":"7 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-12-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"134388247","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-12-20DOI: 10.1109/APACE53143.2021.9760595
N. Ripin, N. Zamil, M. Ansari, N. Nordin, A. A. Aziz, E. Lim
A novel structure consists of an I-shaped radiating patch with double T-slots is designed for ultra-high frequency (UHF) radio frequency identification (RFID) tag that can be used for mountable metal tagging. The T-slots on the radiating patch increase the electrical current path resulting in size miniaturization. The radiating patch is shorted to the ground plane using an inductive stub, where the inductive stub is useful for frequency tuning. The proposed tag is low in profile and has a compact size of 43.45 mm × 43.45, equivalent to 0.133λ ×0.133λ at 920 MHz. It provides sufficient resistance and inductive reactance for achieving conjugate impedance matching with the microchip. The proposed tag offers a good power transmission coefficient and a theoretical read range of 8.4 m with an EIPR of 4 W when mounted on a metallic surface.
针对超高频(UHF)射频识别(RFID)标签，设计了一种新型结构，该结构由带有双t型槽的i型辐射贴片组成，可用于贴装式金属标签。辐射贴片上的t型槽增加了电流通路，导致尺寸小型化。使用电感短根将辐射贴片短接到地平面，其中电感短根可用于频率调谐。所提出的标签轮廓较低，尺寸紧凑，为43.45 mm × 43.45，在920 MHz时相当于0.133λ ×0.133λ。它提供足够的电阻和感抗，以实现与微芯片的共轭阻抗匹配。当安装在金属表面上时，所提出的标签提供了良好的功率传输系数和8.4 m的理论读取范围，EIPR为4 W。
{"title":"Miniature I-shaped Patch for Metal-mountable UHF RFID Tag Design","authors":"N. Ripin, N. Zamil, M. Ansari, N. Nordin, A. A. Aziz, E. Lim","doi":"10.1109/APACE53143.2021.9760595","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/APACE53143.2021.9760595","url":null,"abstract":"A novel structure consists of an I-shaped radiating patch with double T-slots is designed for ultra-high frequency (UHF) radio frequency identification (RFID) tag that can be used for mountable metal tagging. The T-slots on the radiating patch increase the electrical current path resulting in size miniaturization. The radiating patch is shorted to the ground plane using an inductive stub, where the inductive stub is useful for frequency tuning. The proposed tag is low in profile and has a compact size of 43.45 mm × 43.45, equivalent to 0.133λ ×0.133λ at 920 MHz. It provides sufficient resistance and inductive reactance for achieving conjugate impedance matching with the microchip. The proposed tag offers a good power transmission coefficient and a theoretical read range of 8.4 m with an EIPR of 4 W when mounted on a metallic surface.","PeriodicalId":177263,"journal":{"name":"2021 IEEE Asia-Pacific Conference on Applied Electromagnetics (APACE)","volume":"212 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-12-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"133639763","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-12-20DOI: 10.1109/APACE53143.2021.9760572
Flexible antennas are important components in addressing a growing number of V2X applications. To mitigate vehicle-shaped effects, a flexible and compact circularly polarized (CP) Dedicated Short Range Communication (DSRC) antenna is designed based on a sequential phase (SP) feeding network and sequentially rotated (SR) elements. The antenna is printed on polyethylene terephthalate (PET) substrate by using a PCB printer using silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) ink. The fabricated antenna has a dimension of 27×27×1 mm3 which is printed precisely to radiate in CP with an axial ratio of 1.34 and gain between 5.3 and 5.7 dBi. The printed antenna’s precision is proven to operate effectively from 5.85 to 5.925 GHz, with a fractional impedance bandwidth (FBW) of 1.27%.
{"title":"Flexible Antenna Printing Technology of silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) ink on Polyethylene Terephthalate (PET) Material Substrate for Vehicle-to-Everything (V2X) Applications","authors":"","doi":"10.1109/APACE53143.2021.9760572","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/APACE53143.2021.9760572","url":null,"abstract":"Flexible antennas are important components in addressing a growing number of V2X applications. To mitigate vehicle-shaped effects, a flexible and compact circularly polarized (CP) Dedicated Short Range Communication (DSRC) antenna is designed based on a sequential phase (SP) feeding network and sequentially rotated (SR) elements. The antenna is printed on polyethylene terephthalate (PET) substrate by using a PCB printer using silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) ink. The fabricated antenna has a dimension of 27×27×1 mm3 which is printed precisely to radiate in CP with an axial ratio of 1.34 and gain between 5.3 and 5.7 dBi. The printed antenna’s precision is proven to operate effectively from 5.85 to 5.925 GHz, with a fractional impedance bandwidth (FBW) of 1.27%.","PeriodicalId":177263,"journal":{"name":"2021 IEEE Asia-Pacific Conference on Applied Electromagnetics (APACE)","volume":"5 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-12-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"127860431","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-12-20DOI: 10.1109/APACE53143.2021.9760672
M. Rashid, J. Din, H. Y. Lam, O. A. Aziz
Small-scale spatial distribution of rainfall rate is crucial to determine the millimetre-wave performance of the 5G system, especially in the heavy region. An accurate prediction of wave propagation between the transmitter and receiver through such rain profiles could be derived based on the physical soundness of local peculiarities. This work aims to investigate such knowledge of small-scale rain profiles by means of rain gauge networks data in UTM, Johor, Malaysia. Several rain events were carefully selected and critically analyzed to identify the small-scale spatial distribution of rainfall intensity. Such preliminary work focuses only on the low rain rate profile below 50 mm/h. The initial results obtained in this work are encouraging and suggest that the low rain intensity profile follows exponential distribution; however, the soundness of the results should be further examined with respect to the complete rain cell profile in this region. Nevertheless, it is believed that this work should provide radio propagation engineers with an early insight into the design of the 5G system in heavy rain regions.
{"title":"Preliminary Investigation of Small Scale Spatial Variability of Rain Intensity Using a Rain Gauge Network for Mm-Wave Propagation Application","authors":"M. Rashid, J. Din, H. Y. Lam, O. A. Aziz","doi":"10.1109/APACE53143.2021.9760672","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/APACE53143.2021.9760672","url":null,"abstract":"Small-scale spatial distribution of rainfall rate is crucial to determine the millimetre-wave performance of the 5G system, especially in the heavy region. An accurate prediction of wave propagation between the transmitter and receiver through such rain profiles could be derived based on the physical soundness of local peculiarities. This work aims to investigate such knowledge of small-scale rain profiles by means of rain gauge networks data in UTM, Johor, Malaysia. Several rain events were carefully selected and critically analyzed to identify the small-scale spatial distribution of rainfall intensity. Such preliminary work focuses only on the low rain rate profile below 50 mm/h. The initial results obtained in this work are encouraging and suggest that the low rain intensity profile follows exponential distribution; however, the soundness of the results should be further examined with respect to the complete rain cell profile in this region. Nevertheless, it is believed that this work should provide radio propagation engineers with an early insight into the design of the 5G system in heavy rain regions.","PeriodicalId":177263,"journal":{"name":"2021 IEEE Asia-Pacific Conference on Applied Electromagnetics (APACE)","volume":"118 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-12-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"127164233","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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