Pub Date : 1984-05-21DOI: 10.1109/VTC.1984.1623240
A. Davidson, B. Hiben
Pattern range and real world measurements have been made on a corner reflector antenna to determine the effect the environment has on the back lobe protection. Side and back lobe augmentation can be implemented which provides 37 dB average front-to-back protection on the pattern range. Without augmentation, the average front-to-back protection on the pattern range was 25 dB, and in the real world it was 24 dB. Analysis of these measurements and other data which will be presented permits us to conclude that scattering objects in the main lobe of the antenna when on a good site in the real world limit the average front-to-back protection to about 33 dB. Therefore, the scatterers do not present a limitation when the augmentation techniques are not used, but do set a limit on the ultimate protection which can be provided.
{"title":"Measurement and analysis of corner reflector backlobe levels","authors":"A. Davidson, B. Hiben","doi":"10.1109/VTC.1984.1623240","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/VTC.1984.1623240","url":null,"abstract":"Pattern range and real world measurements have been made on a corner reflector antenna to determine the effect the environment has on the back lobe protection. Side and back lobe augmentation can be implemented which provides 37 dB average front-to-back protection on the pattern range. Without augmentation, the average front-to-back protection on the pattern range was 25 dB, and in the real world it was 24 dB. Analysis of these measurements and other data which will be presented permits us to conclude that scattering objects in the main lobe of the antenna when on a good site in the real world limit the average front-to-back protection to about 33 dB. Therefore, the scatterers do not present a limitation when the augmentation techniques are not used, but do set a limit on the ultimate protection which can be provided.","PeriodicalId":178210,"journal":{"name":"34th IEEE Vehicular Technology Conference","volume":"20 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1984-05-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"124234647","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 1984-05-21DOI: 10.1109/VTC.1984.1623268
M. Rashid, V. Sood
The advatages and disadvantages of seven thyristor choppers which are cerrently used by traction equipment manufacturers are evaluated. The possible modes of circuit operation are discussed. The ratings of the components and power devices are determined for a typical application. The switching losses are also estimated and circuits are compared in terms of ratings, number of devices, fuse and heatsink requirements.
{"title":"Comparative evaluations of thyristor choppers for railway applications","authors":"M. Rashid, V. Sood","doi":"10.1109/VTC.1984.1623268","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/VTC.1984.1623268","url":null,"abstract":"The advatages and disadvantages of seven thyristor choppers which are cerrently used by traction equipment manufacturers are evaluated. The possible modes of circuit operation are discussed. The ratings of the components and power devices are determined for a typical application. The switching losses are also estimated and circuits are compared in terms of ratings, number of devices, fuse and heatsink requirements.","PeriodicalId":178210,"journal":{"name":"34th IEEE Vehicular Technology Conference","volume":"18 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1984-05-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"132619585","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 1984-05-21DOI: 10.1109/VTC.1984.1623264
T.J. Burg
Winter operation poses new requirements for Automated Rapid Transit. Westinghouse Transportation Division, with it's history in the field of mass rapid transit and a leadership role in automated people mover systems, undertook the design challenge of winter operation. The evolution of two major wayside subsystem, i.e., Rall Heating and Guideway Heating, were the direct result of winter operation product development programs. The power and signal conducting rails are maintained using heat trace cable in combination with a inherently protected rail. Efficient reliable heating is realized with "self-limiting heating cable" and insulation on non-contact surfaces. Efficient heating of the concrete guideway running surface, is accomplished through an energy managed operation. Near surface installation of heating elements is combined with a temperature sensitive, variable power control system and the use of mechanical snow removal.
{"title":"Development of guideway and conductor rail heating for people movers in a winter environment","authors":"T.J. Burg","doi":"10.1109/VTC.1984.1623264","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/VTC.1984.1623264","url":null,"abstract":"Winter operation poses new requirements for Automated Rapid Transit. Westinghouse Transportation Division, with it's history in the field of mass rapid transit and a leadership role in automated people mover systems, undertook the design challenge of winter operation. The evolution of two major wayside subsystem, i.e., Rall Heating and Guideway Heating, were the direct result of winter operation product development programs. The power and signal conducting rails are maintained using heat trace cable in combination with a inherently protected rail. Efficient reliable heating is realized with \"self-limiting heating cable\" and insulation on non-contact surfaces. Efficient heating of the concrete guideway running surface, is accomplished through an energy managed operation. Near surface installation of heating elements is combined with a temperature sensitive, variable power control system and the use of mechanical snow removal.","PeriodicalId":178210,"journal":{"name":"34th IEEE Vehicular Technology Conference","volume":"34 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1984-05-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"130428907","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 1984-05-21DOI: 10.1109/VTC.1984.1623280
J.T. Cioletti
A new console enhances automatic train control system design by allowing the operator of a mass transit vehicle to communicate with the vehicle's automatic train control system. The console utilizes microprocessor controls, a liquid crystal display, a standard keypad, and RS-232 communications. The operator is alerted to abnormal operating conditions and guided through corrective measures. Self-diagnostic routines are run during normal operation and during routine out-of-service maintenance. The application of microprocessors and associated technology allows changes in train operating characteristics to be made quickly and easily in the car borne software. Increased operator awareness of the state of the automatic train control system should reduce lost time and increase revenue service availability.
{"title":"Intelligent operator's console for automatic train control","authors":"J.T. Cioletti","doi":"10.1109/VTC.1984.1623280","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/VTC.1984.1623280","url":null,"abstract":"A new console enhances automatic train control system design by allowing the operator of a mass transit vehicle to communicate with the vehicle's automatic train control system. The console utilizes microprocessor controls, a liquid crystal display, a standard keypad, and RS-232 communications. The operator is alerted to abnormal operating conditions and guided through corrective measures. Self-diagnostic routines are run during normal operation and during routine out-of-service maintenance. The application of microprocessors and associated technology allows changes in train operating characteristics to be made quickly and easily in the car borne software. Increased operator awareness of the state of the automatic train control system should reduce lost time and increase revenue service availability.","PeriodicalId":178210,"journal":{"name":"34th IEEE Vehicular Technology Conference","volume":"48 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1984-05-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"133268526","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 1984-05-21DOI: 10.1109/VTC.1984.1623233
R. A. Isberg, D. Turrell
CATV amplifiers, cables and coupling devices have been successfully used in radio signal boosters systems in Canada and Saudi Arabia. The equipment is very reliable and the gasketed housings afford proection from adverse environments. CATV equipment can be used in either leaky cable antenna systems, or in distributed antenna systems consisting of small antennas, spaced as required, and fed by splitters from a trunk line CATV cable. Procedures for making signal quality and signal margin surveys are described, and the design parameters of a large two way signal booster system are explained.
{"title":"Applying CATV technology and equipment in guided radio systems","authors":"R. A. Isberg, D. Turrell","doi":"10.1109/VTC.1984.1623233","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/VTC.1984.1623233","url":null,"abstract":"CATV amplifiers, cables and coupling devices have been successfully used in radio signal boosters systems in Canada and Saudi Arabia. The equipment is very reliable and the gasketed housings afford proection from adverse environments. CATV equipment can be used in either leaky cable antenna systems, or in distributed antenna systems consisting of small antennas, spaced as required, and fed by splitters from a trunk line CATV cable. Procedures for making signal quality and signal margin surveys are described, and the design parameters of a large two way signal booster system are explained.","PeriodicalId":178210,"journal":{"name":"34th IEEE Vehicular Technology Conference","volume":"23 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1984-05-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"123855029","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 1984-05-21DOI: 10.1109/VTC.1984.1623281
R. C. Milnor, R. Washington
Surface Transportation Systems are progressively making more use of microprocessors in vital control system applications. We have examined three types of control system architecture: duplex, triplex and dual duplex. Expressions are derived for the rate of occurrence at the system level of total failures, unsafe failures and service interruptions. We find that the duplex system has the lowest rate of occurrence of unsafe failures and of failures requiring maintenance action. Either a triplex or dual-duplex system provides orders-of-magnitude better freedom from service interruption than a duplex system, which must shut down whenever one channel fails. Sample implementations are shown for each architecture. It is shown that a duplex system can be easily expanded to a dual-duplex system and that this may be the preferable route in many cases.
{"title":"Effects of system architecture on safety and reliability of multiple microprocessor control systems","authors":"R. C. Milnor, R. Washington","doi":"10.1109/VTC.1984.1623281","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/VTC.1984.1623281","url":null,"abstract":"Surface Transportation Systems are progressively making more use of microprocessors in vital control system applications. We have examined three types of control system architecture: duplex, triplex and dual duplex. Expressions are derived for the rate of occurrence at the system level of total failures, unsafe failures and service interruptions. We find that the duplex system has the lowest rate of occurrence of unsafe failures and of failures requiring maintenance action. Either a triplex or dual-duplex system provides orders-of-magnitude better freedom from service interruption than a duplex system, which must shut down whenever one channel fails. Sample implementations are shown for each architecture. It is shown that a duplex system can be easily expanded to a dual-duplex system and that this may be the preferable route in many cases.","PeriodicalId":178210,"journal":{"name":"34th IEEE Vehicular Technology Conference","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1984-05-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"128028131","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 1984-05-21DOI: 10.1109/VTC.1984.1623262
D. M. Elliott, H. Moore, T. Ryden
This paper presents the findings of the Dallas Fixed Guideway Rapid Transit Mode Analysis conducted for the City of Dallas, Texas, in early 1983. The study examined straddle beam monorail technology for urban transit use and compared it with light rail, pre-metro, rapid rail, and ICTS. This technology investigation: 1) evaluated key procurement, operational, and urban integration issues; 2) examined performance in typical highway and railroad corridors; and 3) provided detailed cost analyses for comparison among four system capacity levels. This study, and its results, could have important implications for the suppliers of new or uncommon technologies for urban transit applications.
{"title":"The Dallas fixed guideway rapid transit mode analysis: A prototype for suppliers and decision makers","authors":"D. M. Elliott, H. Moore, T. Ryden","doi":"10.1109/VTC.1984.1623262","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/VTC.1984.1623262","url":null,"abstract":"This paper presents the findings of the Dallas Fixed Guideway Rapid Transit Mode Analysis conducted for the City of Dallas, Texas, in early 1983. The study examined straddle beam monorail technology for urban transit use and compared it with light rail, pre-metro, rapid rail, and ICTS. This technology investigation: 1) evaluated key procurement, operational, and urban integration issues; 2) examined performance in typical highway and railroad corridors; and 3) provided detailed cost analyses for comparison among four system capacity levels. This study, and its results, could have important implications for the suppliers of new or uncommon technologies for urban transit applications.","PeriodicalId":178210,"journal":{"name":"34th IEEE Vehicular Technology Conference","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1984-05-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"128406349","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 1984-05-21DOI: 10.1109/VTC.1984.1623245
J. Cavers, H. Hafez, S. Mahmoud
MSAT is a mobile communication satellite intended to offer mobile radio and mobile telephone service (MTS) in the 800 MHz band. Although the MTS, in particular, is very similar in organization to terrestrial cellular system, there are unavoidable differences in both the signal and traffic environments. This paper examines the effect of the mobile satellite environment on the performance of the MTS call setup channel. In addition the paper presents new results on the effect of random FM on a Manchester coded data signal, and on the performance of a cellular-like data format in the presence of Rice fading.
{"title":"Design consideration in the MSAT mobile telephone system setup channel","authors":"J. Cavers, H. Hafez, S. Mahmoud","doi":"10.1109/VTC.1984.1623245","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/VTC.1984.1623245","url":null,"abstract":"MSAT is a mobile communication satellite intended to offer mobile radio and mobile telephone service (MTS) in the 800 MHz band. Although the MTS, in particular, is very similar in organization to terrestrial cellular system, there are unavoidable differences in both the signal and traffic environments. This paper examines the effect of the mobile satellite environment on the performance of the MTS call setup channel. In addition the paper presents new results on the effect of random FM on a Manchester coded data signal, and on the performance of a cellular-like data format in the presence of Rice fading.","PeriodicalId":178210,"journal":{"name":"34th IEEE Vehicular Technology Conference","volume":"34 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1984-05-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"129971442","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 1984-05-21DOI: 10.1109/VTC.1984.1623239
D. Horn
The application of an "on-glass" antenna to the 800 MHz band offers a real solution to otherwise unacceptable antenna performance. Consumer preference in Cellular Radio has indicated that holes in "my car" body are unacceptable and that another alternative must be found. In addition, the electrical performance must be as good as, or better than, conventional antennas. Solutions to these problems have been found by using the windshield itself as an integral part of a new generation of mobile antennas.
{"title":"Cellular \"On-glass\" antenna technology","authors":"D. Horn","doi":"10.1109/VTC.1984.1623239","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/VTC.1984.1623239","url":null,"abstract":"The application of an \"on-glass\" antenna to the 800 MHz band offers a real solution to otherwise unacceptable antenna performance. Consumer preference in Cellular Radio has indicated that holes in \"my car\" body are unacceptable and that another alternative must be found. In addition, the electrical performance must be as good as, or better than, conventional antennas. Solutions to these problems have been found by using the windshield itself as an integral part of a new generation of mobile antennas.","PeriodicalId":178210,"journal":{"name":"34th IEEE Vehicular Technology Conference","volume":"25 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1984-05-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"132909419","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 1984-05-21DOI: 10.1109/VTC.1984.1623230
F.K. Ma, S. Chau
With advances in digital switching technology and new concepts in cellular mobile radio, it has become possible to provide automatic, high quality, flexible, and uninterrupted mobile telephone services to millions of public users. The cellular radio concept makes efficient use of the radio frequency (RF) spectrum through coordinated reuse of allocated channels. Northern Telecom's DMS-MTX system, a member of the DMS-100* family of switching systems, uses computer-controlled, digital technology to provide a state-of-the-art system capable of handling simultaneous calls for a large subscriber base. The DMS-MTX system, jointly developed by Northern Telecom and General Electric, consists of the mobile telephone exchange (MTX), the cell site controllers (CSC), and the radio control units (RCUs). This paper describes the functions of the MTX and the CSC and explains how they interface with the RCUs and the mobile telephone users in call establishment. The functions of various RCUs are described in an accompanying paper.
{"title":"DMS-MTX turnkey system for cellular mobile radio application","authors":"F.K. Ma, S. Chau","doi":"10.1109/VTC.1984.1623230","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/VTC.1984.1623230","url":null,"abstract":"With advances in digital switching technology and new concepts in cellular mobile radio, it has become possible to provide automatic, high quality, flexible, and uninterrupted mobile telephone services to millions of public users. The cellular radio concept makes efficient use of the radio frequency (RF) spectrum through coordinated reuse of allocated channels. Northern Telecom's DMS-MTX system, a member of the DMS-100* family of switching systems, uses computer-controlled, digital technology to provide a state-of-the-art system capable of handling simultaneous calls for a large subscriber base. The DMS-MTX system, jointly developed by Northern Telecom and General Electric, consists of the mobile telephone exchange (MTX), the cell site controllers (CSC), and the radio control units (RCUs). This paper describes the functions of the MTX and the CSC and explains how they interface with the RCUs and the mobile telephone users in call establishment. The functions of various RCUs are described in an accompanying paper.","PeriodicalId":178210,"journal":{"name":"34th IEEE Vehicular Technology Conference","volume":"9 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1984-05-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"131908856","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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