Aim of the study: To evaluate the influence of phacoemulsification on macular and the optic disc vascularization and its association with different axial lengths, in particular high myopia and hyperopia. Material and methods: Forty eyes of 40 patients with cataract were assessed pre-operatively and 1 month after surgery. Patients were divided into three groups: Group 1 included patients with hyperopia, Group 2 included patients with high myopia and Group 3 included healthy persons without hyperopia or myopia. Exam-inations included measurement of best corrected visual acuity, intraocular pressure, axial length, a slit lamp biomicroscopy and OCT angiography. Results: The mean BCDVA significantly improved in all groups. Pre-operatively, no significant differences between the groups were present, however, post-operatively, the mean macular volume was much larger in the hyperopic and myopic groups, when compared to the normo-axial group. There was a significant increase in the vessel density and length of the superficial plexus of the macula in groups 1 and 3. Deep plexus macular vessel length increased significantly in group 3. Changes in the optic disc area size, as well as Cup-to-disc ratio (C/D ratio) were insignificant. The retinal nerve fiber layer thickened postoperatively in all groups, although it was only significant in the hyperopic group. Preoperatively, the myopic group had a much thinner mean RNFL than the other groups. Radial peripapillary capillary density increased significantly in group 2 and group 3 postoperatively. Conclusions: This study reveals retinal microvascular changes in highly myopic and hyperopic eyes, which correlates with axial length. Both axial length extremes presented a worse retinal vascular architecture, but improved after the phacoemulsification surgery in terms of vascularity.
{"title":"The influence of high myopia and hyperopia on the retinal and the optic disc vascularization after uncomplicated phacoemulsification - preliminary report","authors":"D. Dementiev, M. Wilczynski","doi":"10.5114/ko.2022.118839","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5114/ko.2022.118839","url":null,"abstract":"Aim of the study: To evaluate the influence of phacoemulsification on macular and the optic disc vascularization and its association with different axial lengths, in particular high myopia and hyperopia. Material and methods: Forty eyes of 40 patients with cataract were assessed pre-operatively and 1 month after surgery. Patients were divided into three groups: Group 1 included patients with hyperopia, Group 2 included patients with high myopia and Group 3 included healthy persons without hyperopia or myopia. Exam-inations included measurement of best corrected visual acuity, intraocular pressure, axial length, a slit lamp biomicroscopy and OCT angiography. Results: The mean BCDVA significantly improved in all groups. Pre-operatively, no significant differences between the groups were present, however, post-operatively, the mean macular volume was much larger in the hyperopic and myopic groups, when compared to the normo-axial group. There was a significant increase in the vessel density and length of the superficial plexus of the macula in groups 1 and 3. Deep plexus macular vessel length increased significantly in group 3. Changes in the optic disc area size, as well as Cup-to-disc ratio (C/D ratio) were insignificant. The retinal nerve fiber layer thickened postoperatively in all groups, although it was only significant in the hyperopic group. Preoperatively, the myopic group had a much thinner mean RNFL than the other groups. Radial peripapillary capillary density increased significantly in group 2 and group 3 postoperatively. Conclusions: This study reveals retinal microvascular changes in highly myopic and hyperopic eyes, which correlates with axial length. Both axial length extremes presented a worse retinal vascular architecture, but improved after the phacoemulsification surgery in terms of vascularity.","PeriodicalId":17895,"journal":{"name":"Klinika oczna","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"70461542","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"A possible role of ocular wall stretch in offsetting intraocular pressure rise in early primary congenital glaucoma","authors":"Ahmad K. Khalil","doi":"10.5114/ko.2022.118840","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5114/ko.2022.118840","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":17895,"journal":{"name":"Klinika oczna","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"70461631","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Foster-Kennedy syndrome – a case report","authors":"A. Świerczyńska, Justyna Sobczak-Panek, M. Woś","doi":"10.5114/ko.2022.120608","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5114/ko.2022.120608","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":17895,"journal":{"name":"Klinika oczna","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"70461732","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Ewelina Jagiełło-Roszkowska, Dorota Białas-Niedziela, Monika Turczyńska, J. Brydak-Godowska, A. Waśkiel-Burnat, L. Rudnicka, D. Kęcik
{"title":"Diplopia in a patient with Satoyoshi syndrome and mitochondrial myopathy","authors":"Ewelina Jagiełło-Roszkowska, Dorota Białas-Niedziela, Monika Turczyńska, J. Brydak-Godowska, A. Waśkiel-Burnat, L. Rudnicka, D. Kęcik","doi":"10.5114/ko.2022.120604","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5114/ko.2022.120604","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":17895,"journal":{"name":"Klinika oczna","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"70461858","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
A. Niwald, K. Piasecka, Anna Cybulska-Wiktorowicz, M. Grałek
When morphology. An opportunity AbstrAct Introduction: Foveal hypoplasia is defined as a developmental disorder of the macula with a relatively preserved neuroretina. The condition may cause reduced visual acuity and other coexisting ocular disorders. On ophthalmoscopic examination, macular reflexes in the eyes with foveal hypoplasia are either absent or diminished. Morphological changes in the fovea can be visualized by optical coherence tomography (OCT). Four grades of foveal hypoplasia have been distinguished. The aim of the study was to perform an ophthalmoscopic, imaging (OCT), and functional assessment of the retinal macula in children with foveal hypoplasia. Material and methods: The study group consisted of eight pediatric patients (four boys and four girls), aged between 6 and 18 years, who were diagnosed with foveal hypoplasia. The children underwent ophthalmic examinations including the assessment of visual acuity and eye fundus, and macular OCT. Results: Visual acuity was impaired in one or both eyes in seven children, ranging from the sense of light (in the eye with coexisting optic nerve pathologies) to 5/6. In the majority of children, macular reflexes were found to be absent or diminished either in one or both eyes. In all the patients, foveal hypoplasia was diagnosed on the basis of OCT findings and graded. Conclusions: Abnormal ophthalmoscopic appearance of the macula, exhibiting anomalous light reflexes, is an indication for a more detailed diagnostic approach. Our studies show that unexplained reduced visual acuity with preserved macular reflexes also justifies OCT severity of the condition. Severe foveal hypoplasia reduces visual acuity and may impair other visual functions.
{"title":"Foveal hypoplasia in children: own observations","authors":"A. Niwald, K. Piasecka, Anna Cybulska-Wiktorowicz, M. Grałek","doi":"10.5114/ko.2022.120606","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5114/ko.2022.120606","url":null,"abstract":"When morphology. An opportunity AbstrAct Introduction: Foveal hypoplasia is defined as a developmental disorder of the macula with a relatively preserved neuroretina. The condition may cause reduced visual acuity and other coexisting ocular disorders. On ophthalmoscopic examination, macular reflexes in the eyes with foveal hypoplasia are either absent or diminished. Morphological changes in the fovea can be visualized by optical coherence tomography (OCT). Four grades of foveal hypoplasia have been distinguished. The aim of the study was to perform an ophthalmoscopic, imaging (OCT), and functional assessment of the retinal macula in children with foveal hypoplasia. Material and methods: The study group consisted of eight pediatric patients (four boys and four girls), aged between 6 and 18 years, who were diagnosed with foveal hypoplasia. The children underwent ophthalmic examinations including the assessment of visual acuity and eye fundus, and macular OCT. Results: Visual acuity was impaired in one or both eyes in seven children, ranging from the sense of light (in the eye with coexisting optic nerve pathologies) to 5/6. In the majority of children, macular reflexes were found to be absent or diminished either in one or both eyes. In all the patients, foveal hypoplasia was diagnosed on the basis of OCT findings and graded. Conclusions: Abnormal ophthalmoscopic appearance of the macula, exhibiting anomalous light reflexes, is an indication for a more detailed diagnostic approach. Our studies show that unexplained reduced visual acuity with preserved macular reflexes also justifies OCT severity of the condition. Severe foveal hypoplasia reduces visual acuity and may impair other visual functions.","PeriodicalId":17895,"journal":{"name":"Klinika oczna","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"70462068","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Claudia Wietrzykowska, M. Wiącek, Elżbieta Krytkowska, M. Milchert, M. Brzosko, A. Machalińska
unfa-AbstrAct Giant cell arteritis (GCA) is the most common potentially sight-threatening vasculitis. The typical clinical image with headache or jaw claudication accompanied by erythrocyte sedimentation rate (ESR) over 50 mm/h, confirmed by inflammatory features in temporal artery biopsy (TAB), is essential for GCA diagnosis. About 30% of patients experience a sudden loss of vision in one eye. Delay in treatment may lead to bilateral blindness, which makes GCA an ophthalmological emergency. An 80-year-old male patient was admitted to the ophthalmological emergency due to sudden and permanent vision loss of his left eye. He also complained of recurrent compressive headaches. How-ever, he denied a history of general weakness, or jaw claudication. The distance visual acuity in the left eye had decreased to 0.1 and a blurred, elevated left optic disc in indirect ophthalmoscopy was observed. In palpation the temporal artery pulse was detectable. Interestingly, vascular smooth muscle thickening was detected in TAB. Despite the uncharacteristic TAB result and ESR equal to 27 mm/h, temporal artery color Doppler imaging (CDI) revealed the “halo” symptom confirmed by the pressure sign. According to typical features in CDI, GCA was diagnosed and the proper treatment was implemented. As a result, substantial resolution of inflammatory parameters in blood tests and CDI was observed. During the 24-month follow-up the good general and ophthalmological condition was maintained. Despite the lack of typical symptoms in the presented case, CDI determined quick and accurate diagnosis for proper treatment implementation. Color Doppler imaging is a non-invasive and highly specific tool for both diagnostics and treatment monitoring in GCA.
{"title":"Color Doppler imaging of a temporal artery – a new diagnostic tool in giant cell arteritis","authors":"Claudia Wietrzykowska, M. Wiącek, Elżbieta Krytkowska, M. Milchert, M. Brzosko, A. Machalińska","doi":"10.5114/ko.2022.113748","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5114/ko.2022.113748","url":null,"abstract":"unfa-AbstrAct Giant cell arteritis (GCA) is the most common potentially sight-threatening vasculitis. The typical clinical image with headache or jaw claudication accompanied by erythrocyte sedimentation rate (ESR) over 50 mm/h, confirmed by inflammatory features in temporal artery biopsy (TAB), is essential for GCA diagnosis. About 30% of patients experience a sudden loss of vision in one eye. Delay in treatment may lead to bilateral blindness, which makes GCA an ophthalmological emergency. An 80-year-old male patient was admitted to the ophthalmological emergency due to sudden and permanent vision loss of his left eye. He also complained of recurrent compressive headaches. How-ever, he denied a history of general weakness, or jaw claudication. The distance visual acuity in the left eye had decreased to 0.1 and a blurred, elevated left optic disc in indirect ophthalmoscopy was observed. In palpation the temporal artery pulse was detectable. Interestingly, vascular smooth muscle thickening was detected in TAB. Despite the uncharacteristic TAB result and ESR equal to 27 mm/h, temporal artery color Doppler imaging (CDI) revealed the “halo” symptom confirmed by the pressure sign. According to typical features in CDI, GCA was diagnosed and the proper treatment was implemented. As a result, substantial resolution of inflammatory parameters in blood tests and CDI was observed. During the 24-month follow-up the good general and ophthalmological condition was maintained. Despite the lack of typical symptoms in the presented case, CDI determined quick and accurate diagnosis for proper treatment implementation. Color Doppler imaging is a non-invasive and highly specific tool for both diagnostics and treatment monitoring in GCA.","PeriodicalId":17895,"journal":{"name":"Klinika oczna","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"70460416","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Cavernous hemangioma of the retina is a rare, congenital, benign, typically unilateral retinal vascular tumor, occurring predomi-nantly in children and young adults. The aim of this paper is to present the case of a 36-year-old patient with macular cavernous hemangioma of the retina complicated by hemorrhage and deterioration in visual acuity. Treatment involved intravitreal injections of the vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) inhibitor bevacizumab, used off-label, which resulted in both functional and morphological improvement. The case discussed highlights the importance of differential diagnosis of cavernous hemangioma of the retina with other vascular anomalies of the fundus as well as diagnostic evaluations including central nervous system or genetic examinations.
{"title":"Cavernous hemangioma of the retina – case report","authors":"Beata Pawlik, M. Figurska","doi":"10.5114/ko.2022.116831","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5114/ko.2022.116831","url":null,"abstract":"Cavernous hemangioma of the retina is a rare, congenital, benign, typically unilateral retinal vascular tumor, occurring predomi-nantly in children and young adults. The aim of this paper is to present the case of a 36-year-old patient with macular cavernous hemangioma of the retina complicated by hemorrhage and deterioration in visual acuity. Treatment involved intravitreal injections of the vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) inhibitor bevacizumab, used off-label, which resulted in both functional and morphological improvement. The case discussed highlights the importance of differential diagnosis of cavernous hemangioma of the retina with other vascular anomalies of the fundus as well as diagnostic evaluations including central nervous system or genetic examinations.","PeriodicalId":17895,"journal":{"name":"Klinika oczna","volume":"60 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"70460818","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
M. Modrzejewska, K. Czyżewska, Wiktoria Bosy, Natalia Wierzbowska
{"title":"Risk factors for retinopathy of prematurity: a current literature review","authors":"M. Modrzejewska, K. Czyżewska, Wiktoria Bosy, Natalia Wierzbowska","doi":"10.5114/ko.2022.120549","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5114/ko.2022.120549","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":17895,"journal":{"name":"Klinika oczna","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"70461803","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Secondary glaucoma associated with aphakia following complicated surgery for senile cataract – a review","authors":"Katarzyna Gontarz, M. Dorecka, E. Mrukwa-Kominek","doi":"10.5114/ko.2021.109973","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5114/ko.2021.109973","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":17895,"journal":{"name":"Klinika oczna","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"71133362","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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