E. R. Onainor, U. G. Sorhue, L. Bratte, I. Omeje, A. M. Moemeka, Joseph Uguru
This study was designed to evaluate the effect of graded levels of scent leaf meals on blood parameters and carcass characteristics among two broiler strains. A total of 150 unsexed broilers consisting of 75 Abor Acre and 75 Cobb were randomly allotted into 5 treatments of 15 birds for each strain. Treatment one (T1) had no scent leaf meal (control); treatment two (T2), treatment three (T3), treatment four (T4) and treatment five (T5) had 0.5%, 1.0%, 1.5%, and 2.0% throughout the experimental period (56days). Blood samples and carcass characteristics were evaluated after the feeding trial and subjected to analysis of variance in a completely randomized design. Results revealed that diets and strain significantly (P < 0.05) affected live weight, dressed weights, and dressing percentages. T3 had the highest live and dressed weight (2091.50 ± 85.27 g and 1737.67 ± 22.16 g), while T5 recorded the lowest (1700 ± 102.47 g and1253.17 ± 68.09 g). Cobb was superior to Arbor acre for all carcass traits except for leg weight. Red Blood Cell, White Blood Cell, Mean Corpuscular Volume, Mean Corpuscular Haemoglobin and Mean Corpuscular Haemoglobin Count of the two strains were significantly (P < 0.05) different, while Pack Cell Volume, Haemoglobin, Neutrophils, Lymphocytes, Monocytes, Eosinphils and Basophils were not significantly different (P > 0.05). This study revealed no detrimental effect of the test ingredients on birds, though 1.5% inclusion rate could be tolerated, 1.0% is recommended for optimum performance, and can therefore efficiently replace synthetic antibiotic in broiler production.
{"title":"Blood and carcass characteristics of two chicken strains subjected to Ocimum graticimum leaf based diet as substitute for synthetic antibiotics","authors":"E. R. Onainor, U. G. Sorhue, L. Bratte, I. Omeje, A. M. Moemeka, Joseph Uguru","doi":"10.18488/92.v10i1.3401","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18488/92.v10i1.3401","url":null,"abstract":"This study was designed to evaluate the effect of graded levels of scent leaf meals on blood parameters and carcass characteristics among two broiler strains. A total of 150 unsexed broilers consisting of 75 Abor Acre and 75 Cobb were randomly allotted into 5 treatments of 15 birds for each strain. Treatment one (T1) had no scent leaf meal (control); treatment two (T2), treatment three (T3), treatment four (T4) and treatment five (T5) had 0.5%, 1.0%, 1.5%, and 2.0% throughout the experimental period (56days). Blood samples and carcass characteristics were evaluated after the feeding trial and subjected to analysis of variance in a completely randomized design. Results revealed that diets and strain significantly (P < 0.05) affected live weight, dressed weights, and dressing percentages. T3 had the highest live and dressed weight (2091.50 ± 85.27 g and 1737.67 ± 22.16 g), while T5 recorded the lowest (1700 ± 102.47 g and1253.17 ± 68.09 g). Cobb was superior to Arbor acre for all carcass traits except for leg weight. Red Blood Cell, White Blood Cell, Mean Corpuscular Volume, Mean Corpuscular Haemoglobin and Mean Corpuscular Haemoglobin Count of the two strains were significantly (P < 0.05) different, while Pack Cell Volume, Haemoglobin, Neutrophils, Lymphocytes, Monocytes, Eosinphils and Basophils were not significantly different (P > 0.05). This study revealed no detrimental effect of the test ingredients on birds, though 1.5% inclusion rate could be tolerated, 1.0% is recommended for optimum performance, and can therefore efficiently replace synthetic antibiotic in broiler production.","PeriodicalId":17946,"journal":{"name":"Large Animal Review","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.6,"publicationDate":"2023-07-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"76201631","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Albert R Reyad, G. A. Khadiga, A. Elkomy, Ibraheim M Abaza, F. Soliman
The present study was conducted to investigate the effect of color (white and blue-green) of LED lighting on the productive, carcass and behavior traits of Cobb broiler chickens. Total of 200 one- day-old unsexed chicks were used, and divided into two pens/groups (100 birds of each with 25 birds of each replicate), at stocking density of 8.7 bird/ square meters. First pen used for LED white color and second pen for LED blue- green mix color light. The results showed that the birds exposed to blue-green light had significant higher (P≤0.01) BW, DBWG and FC values of the whole experimental period compared to those exposed to white color. However, the light color had no significant effect on FCR and MR measurements with average values 1.44 and 0.50%, respectively. The birds exposed to blue-green light had significant higher pre-slaughter live BW and carcass weights (P≤0.01) compared to those exposed to white color. The birds exposed to blue-green light had higher insignificant dressing percentage compared to those exposed to white color. The weekly behavior results showed highly significant differences (P≤0.01) among weeks for aggressiveness and immobility activities, while it being insignificant for pecking activity. The correlation value between immobility and five-week BW of birds reared under blue-green light was the only significant value (0.42) among all studied values. In conclusion, the results indicated that Cobb broilers were calmer under blue-green light compared to those reared under white light, which contributed in more better performance traits.
{"title":"Impact of led lighting color on productive and behavioral characteristics of the broiler chickens","authors":"Albert R Reyad, G. A. Khadiga, A. Elkomy, Ibraheim M Abaza, F. Soliman","doi":"10.18488/92.v10i1.3360","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18488/92.v10i1.3360","url":null,"abstract":"The present study was conducted to investigate the effect of color (white and blue-green) of LED lighting on the productive, carcass and behavior traits of Cobb broiler chickens. Total of 200 one- day-old unsexed chicks were used, and divided into two pens/groups (100 birds of each with 25 birds of each replicate), at stocking density of 8.7 bird/ square meters. First pen used for LED white color and second pen for LED blue- green mix color light. The results showed that the birds exposed to blue-green light had significant higher (P≤0.01) BW, DBWG and FC values of the whole experimental period compared to those exposed to white color. However, the light color had no significant effect on FCR and MR measurements with average values 1.44 and 0.50%, respectively. The birds exposed to blue-green light had significant higher pre-slaughter live BW and carcass weights (P≤0.01) compared to those exposed to white color. The birds exposed to blue-green light had higher insignificant dressing percentage compared to those exposed to white color. The weekly behavior results showed highly significant differences (P≤0.01) among weeks for aggressiveness and immobility activities, while it being insignificant for pecking activity. The correlation value between immobility and five-week BW of birds reared under blue-green light was the only significant value (0.42) among all studied values. In conclusion, the results indicated that Cobb broilers were calmer under blue-green light compared to those reared under white light, which contributed in more better performance traits.","PeriodicalId":17946,"journal":{"name":"Large Animal Review","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.6,"publicationDate":"2023-05-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"83407038","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
This study evaluated the effect of feed withdrawal without/ with feed additive (Progut®) on broiler chickens’ performance, carcass traits and some blood parameters, in a factorial arrangement (4 feed restriction×2 levels of feed additive). Three hundred twenty-one-day-old broiler chicks (Cobb 500) were distributed into 8 treatments with four replicates. In the first week all chicks fed starter basal diet, however during the second week, broiler chicks were exposed to feed restriction by feed withdrawal time (0, 6, 9, 12 hours/day). Broiler chicks exposed to feed withdrawal had low body weight gain and feed consumption at 2 weeks of age. Feed withdrawal had no effect on final weight, body weight change, total feed intake, total feed conversion, economic efficiency, carcass traits and serum blood composition of 42-day-old-broiler chicks. Feed withdrawal and feed additive in broiler diets decreased total microflora counts and E coil and enhanced lacto Bacillus, amylase and chemo trypsin in broiler guts. Feed additive (Progut®) decreased total feed consumption, improved total feed conversion and increased economic efficiency of broilers. Feed additive increased the level of β globulin and decreased the level of α globulin in serum blood of broiler chicks. The obtained results suggested that feed withdrawal during the second week of age had not effect on broiler performance, carcass traits and serum blood characteristics and improved lacto Bacillus, amylase and chemo trypsin. Feed additive (Progut®) in broiler diets improved growth performance and decreased total bacteria counts, E coli and increased lacto bacillus counts in broiler guts.
{"title":"Effect of Feed Withdrawal and Progut on Broiler Performance, Carcasses Traits and Blood Parameters","authors":"H. A. El-Maaty, S. Sherif, Lina S. A. Foda","doi":"10.18488/92.v9i2.3203","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18488/92.v9i2.3203","url":null,"abstract":"This study evaluated the effect of feed withdrawal without/ with feed additive (Progut®) on broiler chickens’ performance, carcass traits and some blood parameters, in a factorial arrangement (4 feed restriction×2 levels of feed additive). Three hundred twenty-one-day-old broiler chicks (Cobb 500) were distributed into 8 treatments with four replicates. In the first week all chicks fed starter basal diet, however during the second week, broiler chicks were exposed to feed restriction by feed withdrawal time (0, 6, 9, 12 hours/day). Broiler chicks exposed to feed withdrawal had low body weight gain and feed consumption at 2 weeks of age. Feed withdrawal had no effect on final weight, body weight change, total feed intake, total feed conversion, economic efficiency, carcass traits and serum blood composition of 42-day-old-broiler chicks. Feed withdrawal and feed additive in broiler diets decreased total microflora counts and E coil and enhanced lacto Bacillus, amylase and chemo trypsin in broiler guts. Feed additive (Progut®) decreased total feed consumption, improved total feed conversion and increased economic efficiency of broilers. Feed additive increased the level of β globulin and decreased the level of α globulin in serum blood of broiler chicks. The obtained results suggested that feed withdrawal during the second week of age had not effect on broiler performance, carcass traits and serum blood characteristics and improved lacto Bacillus, amylase and chemo trypsin. Feed additive (Progut®) in broiler diets improved growth performance and decreased total bacteria counts, E coli and increased lacto bacillus counts in broiler guts.","PeriodicalId":17946,"journal":{"name":"Large Animal Review","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.6,"publicationDate":"2022-11-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"90371801","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Four hundred and eighty, 53 weeks old Isa Brown layers were used for the 8 weeks feeding trial to determine the internal and external egg qualities of layers fed two proprietary feeds (designated Top feed (TF) and Animal Care feed (AC)) in five dynamics and two feeding frequencies. The birds were randomly allocated in a 5 x 2 factorial arrangement to five feeding dynamics (D1 TF only; D2 AC feed only; D3 weekly alternation of TF & AC; D4 Alternation of TF & AC every two weeks; D5 Monthly alternation of TF & AC) and two feeding frequencies (Twice & Thrice daily). Data were collected on external and internal egg qualities and analyzed using Analysis of variance (ANOVA). The results showed that both feeding dynamics and feeding frequencies significantly (p<0.05, R2=0.4) contributed to egg length as single factor. However, egg shape index (p=0.002), % yolk (0.00), yolk weight (p=0.004), egg moisture (0.003), egg fat (0.001) and egg carbohydrate (0.001) were influenced by interaction effect of feeding dynamics and feeding frequency. From the findings of this study, alternating brands of feed in the short term (weekly) and feeding laying birds twice daily is recommended.
{"title":"Internal and External Egg Qualities of Layers Fed Two Proprietary Feeds Interchangeably","authors":"Onabajo Ao, Awojobi Ha, Apata Es","doi":"10.18488/92.v9i1.3186","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18488/92.v9i1.3186","url":null,"abstract":"Four hundred and eighty, 53 weeks old Isa Brown layers were used for the 8 weeks feeding trial to determine the internal and external egg qualities of layers fed two proprietary feeds (designated Top feed (TF) and Animal Care feed (AC)) in five dynamics and two feeding frequencies. The birds were randomly allocated in a 5 x 2 factorial arrangement to five feeding dynamics (D1 TF only; D2 AC feed only; D3 weekly alternation of TF & AC; D4 Alternation of TF & AC every two weeks; D5 Monthly alternation of TF & AC) and two feeding frequencies (Twice & Thrice daily). Data were collected on external and internal egg qualities and analyzed using Analysis of variance (ANOVA). The results showed that both feeding dynamics and feeding frequencies significantly (p<0.05, R2=0.4) contributed to egg length as single factor. However, egg shape index (p=0.002), % yolk (0.00), yolk weight (p=0.004), egg moisture (0.003), egg fat (0.001) and egg carbohydrate (0.001) were influenced by interaction effect of feeding dynamics and feeding frequency. From the findings of this study, alternating brands of feed in the short term (weekly) and feeding laying birds twice daily is recommended.","PeriodicalId":17946,"journal":{"name":"Large Animal Review","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.6,"publicationDate":"2022-11-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"77125217","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
A novel technology for inducing unconsciousness prior to slaughter has been developed (DTS). For commercial reasons meat quality attributes are important, and impacts on endocrine responses provide an indication of animal welfare. We compared endocrine, ultimate pH and meat quality (after 1 and 10 weeks of storage) attributes of cattle carcases processed using DTS with those processed using penetrative captive bolt (CB). There were no significant differences between treatments in the change in plasma cortisol, adrenocorticotropic hormone, β-endorphin and catecholamines between baseline and immediately post-slaughter, and no significant differences in terms of pH at 24 h post slaughter. There were no significant differences in pH, shear force, TBARS or drip loss between DTS and CB samples of round and loin at week 1 and week 10 post slaughter; DTS meat was yellower at quartering (MINOLTA b* P < 0.05). At week 1, DTS loins were redder (MINOLTA a*, P < 0.05) and yellower (MINOLTA b*, P < 0.05), while DTS rounds were lighter (MINOLTA L*, P < 0.05), than CB. At week 10, there were no significant meat color differences between treatments. Processing cattle using DTS results in endocrine changes and meat quality attributes that are comparable to CB.
一种在屠宰前诱导无意识的新技术已经被开发出来(DTS)。出于商业原因，肉质属性很重要，对内分泌反应的影响提供了动物福利的指示。我们比较了DTS处理和CB处理的牛胴体的内分泌、最终pH值和肉质(储存1周和10周后)属性。血浆皮质醇、促肾上腺皮质激素、β-内啡肽和儿茶酚胺的变化在基线和屠宰后立即之间没有显著差异，屠宰后24小时的pH值也没有显著差异。宰后第1周和第10周，DTS和CB样品的pH值、剪切力、TBARS或滴漏损失无显著差异;DTS肉在四分熟时呈黄色(MINOLTA b* P < 0.05)。在第1周，DTS的腰部较红(MINOLTA a*， P < 0.05)，较黄(MINOLTA b*， P < 0.05)，而DTS的腰部较轻(MINOLTA L*， P < 0.05)。第10周，处理间肉色无显著差异。使用DTS加工牛的内分泌变化和肉质属性与CB相当。
{"title":"A Preliminary Comparison of Beef Carcases Stunned using DTS: Diathermic Syncope® or Captive Bolt in Terms of Selected Meat Quality Attributes and Plasma Biomarker Concentrations","authors":"A. Small, J. Hughes","doi":"10.18488/92.v9i1.3187","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18488/92.v9i1.3187","url":null,"abstract":"A novel technology for inducing unconsciousness prior to slaughter has been developed (DTS). For commercial reasons meat quality attributes are important, and impacts on endocrine responses provide an indication of animal welfare. We compared endocrine, ultimate pH and meat quality (after 1 and 10 weeks of storage) attributes of cattle carcases processed using DTS with those processed using penetrative captive bolt (CB). There were no significant differences between treatments in the change in plasma cortisol, adrenocorticotropic hormone, β-endorphin and catecholamines between baseline and immediately post-slaughter, and no significant differences in terms of pH at 24 h post slaughter. There were no significant differences in pH, shear force, TBARS or drip loss between DTS and CB samples of round and loin at week 1 and week 10 post slaughter; DTS meat was yellower at quartering (MINOLTA b* P < 0.05). At week 1, DTS loins were redder (MINOLTA a*, P < 0.05) and yellower (MINOLTA b*, P < 0.05), while DTS rounds were lighter (MINOLTA L*, P < 0.05), than CB. At week 10, there were no significant meat color differences between treatments. Processing cattle using DTS results in endocrine changes and meat quality attributes that are comparable to CB.","PeriodicalId":17946,"journal":{"name":"Large Animal Review","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.6,"publicationDate":"2022-11-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"86100285","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-10-11DOI: 10.18488/journal.ar.2021.81.10.19
U. G. Sorhue, E. R. Onainor, A. M. Moemeka, Irikefe-Ekeke E Peterson
This study was conducted to examine the effects of scent leaf meal (Ocimum gratissimum) on expression of inflammatory cytokines in the spleen of two chicken strains. A total of 150birds (75 of each strain) were randomly allotted into five dietary treatments at fifteen birds per treatment. Birds were fed diet containing varying levels of Ocimum gratissimum leaf meal. Treatment one (T1) had 0% OG, while treatment two (T2), treatment three (T3), treatment four (T4) and treatment five (T5) had 0.5% OG, 1.00% OG, 1.5% OG and 2% OG respectively. Feed and water was provided adlibitum throughout the feeding trial. Three birds were slaughtered from each treatment at day 28 and day 56, spleen samples were collected and stored using RNALater in a -20oc freezer prior to RNA extraction. Real-time qPCR was performed in 40cycles using the PowerUp SYBR Green reagent and analyzed with the 2-∆∆Ct method. Gene expression data were subjected to two-way analysis of variance. Strain effect was significantly different (P<0.05) at both time points. All the genes studied significantly differed (P<0.05) in their expression patterns at 28 and 56days of age. Increased inclusion rate of the test ingredients significantly (P<0.05) reduced IL1β and NF-KB1, while increasing IL10 and NF-KB2. Ocimim gratissimum leaf meal shows promise in the regulation of inflammation in chickens and can be used to efficiently replace antibiotics in broiler production.
{"title":"Dietary Inclusion of Scent Leaf Meal (Ocimum Gratissimum) Affects Immune Genes Expression in Chicken Spleen at 28 and 56 Days","authors":"U. G. Sorhue, E. R. Onainor, A. M. Moemeka, Irikefe-Ekeke E Peterson","doi":"10.18488/journal.ar.2021.81.10.19","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18488/journal.ar.2021.81.10.19","url":null,"abstract":"This study was conducted to examine the effects of scent leaf meal (Ocimum gratissimum) on expression of inflammatory cytokines in the spleen of two chicken strains. A total of 150birds (75 of each strain) were randomly allotted into five dietary treatments at fifteen birds per treatment. Birds were fed diet containing varying levels of Ocimum gratissimum leaf meal. Treatment one (T1) had 0% OG, while treatment two (T2), treatment three (T3), treatment four (T4) and treatment five (T5) had 0.5% OG, 1.00% OG, 1.5% OG and 2% OG respectively. Feed and water was provided adlibitum throughout the feeding trial. Three birds were slaughtered from each treatment at day 28 and day 56, spleen samples were collected and stored using RNALater in a -20oc freezer prior to RNA extraction. Real-time qPCR was performed in 40cycles using the PowerUp SYBR Green reagent and analyzed with the 2-∆∆Ct method. Gene expression data were subjected to two-way analysis of variance. Strain effect was significantly different (P<0.05) at both time points. All the genes studied significantly differed (P<0.05) in their expression patterns at 28 and 56days of age. Increased inclusion rate of the test ingredients significantly (P<0.05) reduced IL1β and NF-KB1, while increasing IL10 and NF-KB2. Ocimim gratissimum leaf meal shows promise in the regulation of inflammation in chickens and can be used to efficiently replace antibiotics in broiler production.","PeriodicalId":17946,"journal":{"name":"Large Animal Review","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.6,"publicationDate":"2021-10-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"82755122","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-01-01DOI: 10.18488/JOURNAL.AR.2021.81.1.9
M. Adegbeye, S. Aro, A. Fajemisin, Poonooru Ravi Kanth Reddy
This study aims to assess the impact of time of feeding on the body temperature of West African dwarf (WAD) goats. Twenty-seven goats (15 buck and 12 pregnant does) were used in this experiment. The bucks and gravid does were fed same experimental diet once daily at either, 06:00h, 12:00h or 18:00h in the morning, afternoon or evening, respectively. Rectal temperature (P<0.001) of bucks fed at 18:00h was higher than 12:00h fed bucks which was higher than 06:00h fed bucks. In contrast, pregnant does fed in the evening had lowest (P=0.009) axillary and rectal temperature while afternoon-fed does had the highest. Time of feeding induced increase (P<0.001) in axillary and rectal temperature of the bucks and pregnant does. The excursion ranges of temperature of morning, afternoon and evening-fed bucks was 0.42-0.79, 1.11-1.25, 1.15-1.19 o C, respectively, while the excursion range of temperature of morning, afternoon and evening fed bucks was 0.17-0.19, 0.55-0.72, 0.45-0.47 o C respectively. This study shows that time of feeding can entrain body temperature and animal physiological state can affect the temperature rhythm of animals. In conclusion, feeding bucks or pregnant does in the morning or evening may be an effective strategy to manage heat stress in measuring time for the three times measurement per week. It shows that the time does were fed actually entrained the pattern of distribution of their temperature. In the morning-fed does, the temperature rhythms were fairly consistent throughout the day for each week. In evening and afternoon-fed does, the temperature rhythms greatly fluctuate.
{"title":"Effect of Time of Feeding on Body Temperature of Wad Bucks and Pregnant Does in Tropical Environment","authors":"M. Adegbeye, S. Aro, A. Fajemisin, Poonooru Ravi Kanth Reddy","doi":"10.18488/JOURNAL.AR.2021.81.1.9","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18488/JOURNAL.AR.2021.81.1.9","url":null,"abstract":"This study aims to assess the impact of time of feeding on the body temperature of West African dwarf (WAD) goats. Twenty-seven goats (15 buck and 12 pregnant does) were used in this experiment. The bucks and gravid does were fed same experimental diet once daily at either, 06:00h, 12:00h or 18:00h in the morning, afternoon or evening, respectively. Rectal temperature (P<0.001) of bucks fed at 18:00h was higher than 12:00h fed bucks which was higher than 06:00h fed bucks. In contrast, pregnant does fed in the evening had lowest (P=0.009) axillary and rectal temperature while afternoon-fed does had the highest. Time of feeding induced increase (P<0.001) in axillary and rectal temperature of the bucks and pregnant does. The excursion ranges of temperature of morning, afternoon and evening-fed bucks was 0.42-0.79, 1.11-1.25, 1.15-1.19 o C, respectively, while the excursion range of temperature of morning, afternoon and evening fed bucks was 0.17-0.19, 0.55-0.72, 0.45-0.47 o C respectively. This study shows that time of feeding can entrain body temperature and animal physiological state can affect the temperature rhythm of animals. In conclusion, feeding bucks or pregnant does in the morning or evening may be an effective strategy to manage heat stress in measuring time for the three times measurement per week. It shows that the time does were fed actually entrained the pattern of distribution of their temperature. In the morning-fed does, the temperature rhythms were fairly consistent throughout the day for each week. In evening and afternoon-fed does, the temperature rhythms greatly fluctuate.","PeriodicalId":17946,"journal":{"name":"Large Animal Review","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.6,"publicationDate":"2021-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"90472265","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Effects of Segregated Early Weaning at 7 Days on Dams Body Condition, Parturition Interval and Offspring Birth Weight and Litter Size in the Agouti (Dasyprocta Leporina) for Intensive Production","authors":"Riyadh Mohammed, Kavita Kameela Sant, G. Garcia","doi":"10.18488/journal.ar.2019.62.24.31","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18488/journal.ar.2019.62.24.31","url":null,"abstract":"Article History Received: 13 June 2019 Revised: 19 July 2019 Accepted: 26 August 2019 Published: 10 October 2019","PeriodicalId":17946,"journal":{"name":"Large Animal Review","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.6,"publicationDate":"2019-10-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"77802014","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Supernumerary Teats in Kalahari Red Goats in the Humid Tropics","authors":"Famakinde S.A., Okwelum N., Leigh O.O.","doi":"10.18488/journal.ar.2019.62.17.23","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18488/journal.ar.2019.62.17.23","url":null,"abstract":"Article History Received: 10 June 2019 Revised: 17 July 2019 Accepted: 20 August 2019 Published: 7 October 2019","PeriodicalId":17946,"journal":{"name":"Large Animal Review","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.6,"publicationDate":"2019-10-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"89738925","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Probiotic Supplementation in Poultry Production as an Alternative to Antibiotic Feed Additive","authors":"Muhammad Waseem Birmani, A. Nawab, M. W. Ghani, Guanghui Li, Jiang Wu, Wenchao Liu, L. An","doi":"10.18488/JOURNAL.AR.2019.61.5.16","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18488/JOURNAL.AR.2019.61.5.16","url":null,"abstract":"Article History Received: 6 March 2019 Revised: 8 April 2019 Accepted: 14 May 2019 Published: 2 July 2019","PeriodicalId":17946,"journal":{"name":"Large Animal Review","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.6,"publicationDate":"2019-07-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"76252797","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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