Pub Date : 1982-10-01DOI: 10.1109/MILCOM.1982.4805966
D. Avidor, J. Omura
This paper examines several FH/MFSK systems in a noise jammed channel consisting of many sub-bands. In each sub-band there is independent Rayleigh fading and distinct noise and propagation parameters. General expressions for bit error bounds and cutoff rates are presented and plotted for the special case of worst jammer noise distribution and identical sub-bands.
{"title":"Analysis of FH/MFSK Systems in Non-Uniform Rayleigh Fading Channels","authors":"D. Avidor, J. Omura","doi":"10.1109/MILCOM.1982.4805966","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/MILCOM.1982.4805966","url":null,"abstract":"This paper examines several FH/MFSK systems in a noise jammed channel consisting of many sub-bands. In each sub-band there is independent Rayleigh fading and distinct noise and propagation parameters. General expressions for bit error bounds and cutoff rates are presented and plotted for the special case of worst jammer noise distribution and identical sub-bands.","PeriodicalId":179832,"journal":{"name":"MILCOM 1982 - IEEE Military Communications Conference - Progress in Spread Spectrum Communications","volume":"30 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1982-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"123968852","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 1982-10-01DOI: 10.1109/MILCOM.1982.4805972
J. Ketchum, J. Proakis, P. Anderson, F. Hsu
Receiver processing techniques for demodulating pseudo-noise (PN) spread spectrum signals that are corrupted by narrowband interference and/or channel multipath are described. Narrowband interference is suppressed by means of a linear transversal notch filter (noise-whitening filter) with coefficients that are determined from linear prediction algorithms. Several techniques are considered for mitigating the time-dispersive effects of the interference suppression filter and the channel multipath. The techniques are compared on the basis of their error rate performance.
{"title":"Receiver Processing Techniques for PN Spread Spectrum Signals Transmitted Through a Time-Dispersive Channel","authors":"J. Ketchum, J. Proakis, P. Anderson, F. Hsu","doi":"10.1109/MILCOM.1982.4805972","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/MILCOM.1982.4805972","url":null,"abstract":"Receiver processing techniques for demodulating pseudo-noise (PN) spread spectrum signals that are corrupted by narrowband interference and/or channel multipath are described. Narrowband interference is suppressed by means of a linear transversal notch filter (noise-whitening filter) with coefficients that are determined from linear prediction algorithms. Several techniques are considered for mitigating the time-dispersive effects of the interference suppression filter and the channel multipath. The techniques are compared on the basis of their error rate performance.","PeriodicalId":179832,"journal":{"name":"MILCOM 1982 - IEEE Military Communications Conference - Progress in Spread Spectrum Communications","volume":"2 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1982-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"129665868","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 1982-10-01DOI: 10.1109/MILCOM.1982.4805902
W. Wade, M. Mammone
This paper describes the use of the Interactive Communications System Simulation Model (ICSSM). ICSSM is a communication system simulator which is capable of accurate simulation of both actual and hypothetical communication system configurations. This capability will enable ICSSM to be a useful research tool for predicting the performance of prospective communication systems and techniques and of improving existing systems. ICSSM was designed by the Hazeltine Corporation for the Rome Air Development Center, U. S. Air Force. Wade Engineering produced the math models that were the basis of the simulation library modules that are discussed in this paper.
{"title":"Simulation of Communication Systems via the ICSSM System","authors":"W. Wade, M. Mammone","doi":"10.1109/MILCOM.1982.4805902","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/MILCOM.1982.4805902","url":null,"abstract":"This paper describes the use of the Interactive Communications System Simulation Model (ICSSM). ICSSM is a communication system simulator which is capable of accurate simulation of both actual and hypothetical communication system configurations. This capability will enable ICSSM to be a useful research tool for predicting the performance of prospective communication systems and techniques and of improving existing systems. ICSSM was designed by the Hazeltine Corporation for the Rome Air Development Center, U. S. Air Force. Wade Engineering produced the math models that were the basis of the simulation library modules that are discussed in this paper.","PeriodicalId":179832,"journal":{"name":"MILCOM 1982 - IEEE Military Communications Conference - Progress in Spread Spectrum Communications","volume":"37 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1982-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"121135152","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 1982-10-01DOI: 10.1109/MCOM.1983.1091337
M. Spellman
Frequency Hopping (FH) and Direct Spread Pseudonoise (PN) are the signal processing techniques most often used to achieve an antijam capability. However, comparisons between the techniques in order to determine relative superiority, have in the past, been marred by one-sided defenses of one technique or the other. In this paper, an unbiased and comprehensive comparison between the two techniques is presented. The comparison which is based on the premise that neither technique is categorically superior, compares the relative merit of the two techniques for each of a number of issues relevant to antijam systems. By noting both the important issues for a particular application and the relative performance of the two techniques for those important issues, support can be provided for the process of selecting the appropriate technique.
{"title":"A Comparison between Frequency Hopping and Direct Spread PN as Antijam Techniques","authors":"M. Spellman","doi":"10.1109/MCOM.1983.1091337","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/MCOM.1983.1091337","url":null,"abstract":"Frequency Hopping (FH) and Direct Spread Pseudonoise (PN) are the signal processing techniques most often used to achieve an antijam capability. However, comparisons between the techniques in order to determine relative superiority, have in the past, been marred by one-sided defenses of one technique or the other. In this paper, an unbiased and comprehensive comparison between the two techniques is presented. The comparison which is based on the premise that neither technique is categorically superior, compares the relative merit of the two techniques for each of a number of issues relevant to antijam systems. By noting both the important issues for a particular application and the relative performance of the two techniques for those important issues, support can be provided for the process of selecting the appropriate technique.","PeriodicalId":179832,"journal":{"name":"MILCOM 1982 - IEEE Military Communications Conference - Progress in Spread Spectrum Communications","volume":"11 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1982-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"116520633","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 1982-10-01DOI: 10.1109/MILCOM.1982.4806007
S. George
With the use of a manually tuned transceiver multiplexer*, it is no longer necessary for each fixed frequency transceiver at an Army command site to require erection of a separate mast-mounted antenna. This has greatly increased the commander's mobility. However, these manually tuned transceiver multiplexers are incompatible with the frequency hopping ECCM technique which is to be incorporated into the next generation of VHF combat net radios (CNR). Unless a transceiver multiplexer for frequency hopping transceivers is developed, command sites will revert back to erecting a separate mast-mounted antenna for each frequency hopping transceiver. The US Army is investigating the concept and feasibility of a frequency hopping transceiver multiplexer. An approach which uses helical resonator filters, PIN diode switched capacitors and quadrature couplers for combiner and antenna matching circuits represents the most optimistic design, though its insertion loss does not meet current requirements.
{"title":"Antenna Multiplexer for VHF Frequency Hopping Radios","authors":"S. George","doi":"10.1109/MILCOM.1982.4806007","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/MILCOM.1982.4806007","url":null,"abstract":"With the use of a manually tuned transceiver multiplexer*, it is no longer necessary for each fixed frequency transceiver at an Army command site to require erection of a separate mast-mounted antenna. This has greatly increased the commander's mobility. However, these manually tuned transceiver multiplexers are incompatible with the frequency hopping ECCM technique which is to be incorporated into the next generation of VHF combat net radios (CNR). Unless a transceiver multiplexer for frequency hopping transceivers is developed, command sites will revert back to erecting a separate mast-mounted antenna for each frequency hopping transceiver. The US Army is investigating the concept and feasibility of a frequency hopping transceiver multiplexer. An approach which uses helical resonator filters, PIN diode switched capacitors and quadrature couplers for combiner and antenna matching circuits represents the most optimistic design, though its insertion loss does not meet current requirements.","PeriodicalId":179832,"journal":{"name":"MILCOM 1982 - IEEE Military Communications Conference - Progress in Spread Spectrum Communications","volume":"5 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1982-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"125449278","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 1982-10-01DOI: 10.1109/MILCOM.1982.4806015
M. H. Enein
An advanced demodulation technique has been devised for the Low Cost Packet Radio (LCPR) under contract to CECOM/DARPA No. DAAK 80-81-C-0213. First, a brief introduction on packet radio signal format is given, then the design of the acquisition processor is presented. The impact of noise and multipath on demodulator options - standard DPSK with noncoherent integration, and PSK with a quasi-coherent reference are compared. Decision feedback combined with coherent surface acoustic wave signal processing are used to implement an adaptive matched filter to the fading, multipath distorted pulses received. This technique is made practical by the advent of high stability surface acoustic wave technology.[1],[2] Analytical results are presented which demonstrate that, over a certain broad range of parameters, the coherent technique described provides the performance of an adaptive matched filter. The technique is also shown to be easily extended to provide optimum, maximal ratio, explicit path diversity combining, which is an essential feature for packet radio operations.
一种先进的解调技术已经被设计用于低成本分组无线电(LCPR)。DAAK 80 - 81 - c - 0213。首先简要介绍了分组无线电信号的格式，然后给出了采集处理器的设计。比较了噪声和多径对解调选项的影响——采用非相干积分的标准DPSK和采用准相干参考的PSK。采用决策反馈与相干表面声波信号处理相结合的方法，对接收到的衰落多径失真脉冲进行自适应匹配滤波。高稳定性表面声波技术的出现使该技术成为现实。[1]，[2]分析结果表明，在一定的宽参数范围内，所描述的相干技术提供了自适应匹配滤波器的性能。该技术易于扩展，可提供最优、最大比率、显式路径分集组合，这是分组无线电操作的基本特征。
{"title":"Coherent Signal Processing for Packet Radio","authors":"M. H. Enein","doi":"10.1109/MILCOM.1982.4806015","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/MILCOM.1982.4806015","url":null,"abstract":"An advanced demodulation technique has been devised for the Low Cost Packet Radio (LCPR) under contract to CECOM/DARPA No. DAAK 80-81-C-0213. First, a brief introduction on packet radio signal format is given, then the design of the acquisition processor is presented. The impact of noise and multipath on demodulator options - standard DPSK with noncoherent integration, and PSK with a quasi-coherent reference are compared. Decision feedback combined with coherent surface acoustic wave signal processing are used to implement an adaptive matched filter to the fading, multipath distorted pulses received. This technique is made practical by the advent of high stability surface acoustic wave technology.[1],[2] Analytical results are presented which demonstrate that, over a certain broad range of parameters, the coherent technique described provides the performance of an adaptive matched filter. The technique is also shown to be easily extended to provide optimum, maximal ratio, explicit path diversity combining, which is an essential feature for packet radio operations.","PeriodicalId":179832,"journal":{"name":"MILCOM 1982 - IEEE Military Communications Conference - Progress in Spread Spectrum Communications","volume":"36 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1982-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"129062481","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 1982-10-01DOI: 10.1109/MILCOM.1982.4805945
N. Gower, J. Jubin
Protocol design is a critical factor in achieving throughput and reliability goals in a packet radio network. Here we examine the details of a hop transport protocol algorithm, called "pacing", which operates in a CSMA packet radio network. The pacing algorithm provides adaptive flow control in order to accommodate changing traffic flow patterns and rates. In addition, pacing seeks to time packet transmissions to ameliorate the classical "hidden terminal" problem encountered in multi-hop CSMA networks. We found that the pacing algorithm considerably improves throughput and packet delivery reliability, compared to an earlier algorithm using a fixed-parameter flow control mechanism.
{"title":"Congestion Control using Pacing in a Packet Radio Network","authors":"N. Gower, J. Jubin","doi":"10.1109/MILCOM.1982.4805945","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/MILCOM.1982.4805945","url":null,"abstract":"Protocol design is a critical factor in achieving throughput and reliability goals in a packet radio network. Here we examine the details of a hop transport protocol algorithm, called \"pacing\", which operates in a CSMA packet radio network. The pacing algorithm provides adaptive flow control in order to accommodate changing traffic flow patterns and rates. In addition, pacing seeks to time packet transmissions to ameliorate the classical \"hidden terminal\" problem encountered in multi-hop CSMA networks. We found that the pacing algorithm considerably improves throughput and packet delivery reliability, compared to an earlier algorithm using a fixed-parameter flow control mechanism.","PeriodicalId":179832,"journal":{"name":"MILCOM 1982 - IEEE Military Communications Conference - Progress in Spread Spectrum Communications","volume":"11 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1982-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"131535984","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 1982-10-01DOI: 10.1109/MILCOM.1982.4805936
L. Milstein, P. Das, J. Gevargiz
This paper presents a new perspective on the performance of so-called transform domain filtering spread spectrum communication systems. Considering a direct sequence system operating in the presence of narrowband interference, it is demonstrated by how much a conventional spread spectrum system would have to increase its processing gain (and hence its rf bandwidth) in order to provide the same degree of interference rejection as the transform domain filtering system.
{"title":"Processing Gain Advantage of Transform Domain Filtering DS - Spread Spectrum Systems","authors":"L. Milstein, P. Das, J. Gevargiz","doi":"10.1109/MILCOM.1982.4805936","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/MILCOM.1982.4805936","url":null,"abstract":"This paper presents a new perspective on the performance of so-called transform domain filtering spread spectrum communication systems. Considering a direct sequence system operating in the presence of narrowband interference, it is demonstrated by how much a conventional spread spectrum system would have to increase its processing gain (and hence its rf bandwidth) in order to provide the same degree of interference rejection as the transform domain filtering system.","PeriodicalId":179832,"journal":{"name":"MILCOM 1982 - IEEE Military Communications Conference - Progress in Spread Spectrum Communications","volume":"8 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1982-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"132823968","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 1982-10-01DOI: 10.1109/MILCOM.1982.4805958
P. W. Baier, J. Meyer, H. Waibel
Certain military communication systems are based on the jam-resistant burst transmission of binary telegrams which consist of orthogonal spread-spectrum waveforms (BOK). To regain the message content at the receiver the a priori not known arrival times of the telegrams have to be detected by means of a synchronization circuit. In this paper a novel power-level adaptive synchronization circuit for producing the telegram alarms is proposed. This circuit shows CFAR-performance in the case of noise jammers but does not show the degradation typical for other synchronization systems (e.g. systems employing a hard bandpass limiter at the receiver front end) if other types of jamming signals are received. The performance of the synchronization circuit is theoretically analyzed for noise jam mers and CW-sine jammers. Some considerations concerning the influence of pulsed jammers are also included. Measurements finally confirm the theoretical results.
{"title":"Power-Level Adaptive Synchronization Circuit for Spread-Spectrum-BOK-Receivers in Burst Transmission Systems","authors":"P. W. Baier, J. Meyer, H. Waibel","doi":"10.1109/MILCOM.1982.4805958","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/MILCOM.1982.4805958","url":null,"abstract":"Certain military communication systems are based on the jam-resistant burst transmission of binary telegrams which consist of orthogonal spread-spectrum waveforms (BOK). To regain the message content at the receiver the a priori not known arrival times of the telegrams have to be detected by means of a synchronization circuit. In this paper a novel power-level adaptive synchronization circuit for producing the telegram alarms is proposed. This circuit shows CFAR-performance in the case of noise jammers but does not show the degradation typical for other synchronization systems (e.g. systems employing a hard bandpass limiter at the receiver front end) if other types of jamming signals are received. The performance of the synchronization circuit is theoretically analyzed for noise jam mers and CW-sine jammers. Some considerations concerning the influence of pulsed jammers are also included. Measurements finally confirm the theoretical results.","PeriodicalId":179832,"journal":{"name":"MILCOM 1982 - IEEE Military Communications Conference - Progress in Spread Spectrum Communications","volume":"20 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1982-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"123903673","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 1982-10-01DOI: 10.1109/MILCOM.1982.4805933
K. Dostert, M. Pandit
Burst transmission systems using spread spectrum waveforms offer interesting possibilities for application in a military environment. However, the high noise immunity achievable can be fully exploited only if precise receiver synchronization is performed. As the bursts in such a burst transmission system can be of very short duration, synchronization becomes indeed a critical task and must be performed afresh for each burst while receiving the burst. This implies a storage of the received signal till at least synchronism has been achieved. After synchronization, the message can be read off. The purpose of this paper is to describe a spread spectrum BOK burst transmission system and present two alternative schemes for receiver synchronization using SAW matched filters for detecting the individual orthogonal data bits and a post-detection correlation circuit. In the first scheme the correlation is performed using an analog tapped delay line and in the second a binary shift register. Synchronization is further improved by staggering the data bits. The performance and the requirements on the components are investigated for both the schemes. The investigations reveal that the simple shift register version is inferior to the analog tapped delay version only by about 1 dB. An experimental set-up for checking the theoretical results is proposed.
{"title":"Synchronization of Spread Spectrum Binary Orthogonal Keyed (BOK) Burst Transmission Systems","authors":"K. Dostert, M. Pandit","doi":"10.1109/MILCOM.1982.4805933","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/MILCOM.1982.4805933","url":null,"abstract":"Burst transmission systems using spread spectrum waveforms offer interesting possibilities for application in a military environment. However, the high noise immunity achievable can be fully exploited only if precise receiver synchronization is performed. As the bursts in such a burst transmission system can be of very short duration, synchronization becomes indeed a critical task and must be performed afresh for each burst while receiving the burst. This implies a storage of the received signal till at least synchronism has been achieved. After synchronization, the message can be read off. The purpose of this paper is to describe a spread spectrum BOK burst transmission system and present two alternative schemes for receiver synchronization using SAW matched filters for detecting the individual orthogonal data bits and a post-detection correlation circuit. In the first scheme the correlation is performed using an analog tapped delay line and in the second a binary shift register. Synchronization is further improved by staggering the data bits. The performance and the requirements on the components are investigated for both the schemes. The investigations reveal that the simple shift register version is inferior to the analog tapped delay version only by about 1 dB. An experimental set-up for checking the theoretical results is proposed.","PeriodicalId":179832,"journal":{"name":"MILCOM 1982 - IEEE Military Communications Conference - Progress in Spread Spectrum Communications","volume":"38 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1982-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"128432377","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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