Accurate quantification of alcohol intake is essential for the diagnosis, subclassification, and management of steatotic liver disease (SLD). In everyday clinical practice, alcohol histories rely primarily on physician-assisted self-report, with validated questionnaires used variably. Both provider-level inconsistencies in documentation and patient-level factors (e.g., recall and social-desirability biases) can contribute to misclassification of SLD subtypes. Phosphatidylethanol (PEth), a direct alcohol biomarker detectable for ~2–4 weeks, has emerged as a promising objective tool that can complement self-report. Across diverse SLD populations, PEth consistently uncovers underreported alcohol use, sharpens subclassification, informs prognosis, and enables longitudinal monitoring to guide care. In liver transplantation, PEth supports documentation of abstinence and detection of relapse to enable timely intervention. This mini-review synthesises current evidence on PEth in SLD, emphasises its value in both clinical and research settings, and outlines priorities for integrating PEth into structured care pathways and clinical trial design to improve outcomes and harmonise endpoints.
{"title":"Integrating Phosphatidylethanol to Enhance Alcohol Quantification in Steatotic Liver Disease and Clinical Trials","authors":"Elias D. Rady, Thomas G. Cotter","doi":"10.1111/liv.70489","DOIUrl":"10.1111/liv.70489","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Accurate quantification of alcohol intake is essential for the diagnosis, subclassification, and management of steatotic liver disease (SLD). In everyday clinical practice, alcohol histories rely primarily on physician-assisted self-report, with validated questionnaires used variably. Both provider-level inconsistencies in documentation and patient-level factors (e.g., recall and social-desirability biases) can contribute to misclassification of SLD subtypes. Phosphatidylethanol (PEth), a direct alcohol biomarker detectable for ~2–4 weeks, has emerged as a promising objective tool that can complement self-report. Across diverse SLD populations, PEth consistently uncovers underreported alcohol use, sharpens subclassification, informs prognosis, and enables longitudinal monitoring to guide care. In liver transplantation, PEth supports documentation of abstinence and detection of relapse to enable timely intervention. This mini-review synthesises current evidence on PEth in SLD, emphasises its value in both clinical and research settings, and outlines priorities for integrating PEth into structured care pathways and clinical trial design to improve outcomes and harmonise endpoints.</p>","PeriodicalId":18101,"journal":{"name":"Liver International","volume":"46 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":5.2,"publicationDate":"2025-12-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12720218/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145804905","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Response to Letter to the Editor Regarding ‘Increasing Prevalence of Steatotic Liver Disease in a Japanese Population’","authors":"Takao Miwa, Yuki Nakahata, Akihiro Obora, Masahito Shimizu","doi":"10.1111/liv.70494","DOIUrl":"10.1111/liv.70494","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":18101,"journal":{"name":"Liver International","volume":"46 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":5.2,"publicationDate":"2025-12-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145794002","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Response: ‘Do Current Data Support a Survival Benefit of Cytosorb in Acute Liver Failure? A Critical Appraisal of the Evidence’","authors":"Patrick Haselwanter, Mathias Schneeweiss-Gleixner","doi":"10.1111/liv.70483","DOIUrl":"10.1111/liv.70483","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":18101,"journal":{"name":"Liver International","volume":"46 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":5.2,"publicationDate":"2025-12-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145793929","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Hannah Rieland, Timo C. Meine, Anja Tiede, Jim B. Mauz, Heiner Wedemeyer, Jan B. Hinrichs, Frank K. Wacker, Benjamin Maasoumy
Background and Aims
A transjugular intrahepatic portosystemic shunt (TIPS) can effectively overcome portal hypertension, but is prevented by contraindications in a considerable proportion of patients. In this study, we investigated the option of a constrained TIPS (cTIPS) with reduced diameter for high-risk patients.
Methods
Elective cTIPS were placed in 60 high-risk patients at Hannover Medical School (10/2020–04/2023). In the cTIPS procedure, a 6 mm stent(−graft) was inserted first into the intrahepatic tract to constrain the TIPS endoprosthesis. Procedural data, complications and 12 months follow-up were recorded. A control cohort of patients with standard TIPS (sTIPS) was generated using propensity score matching, resulting in 40 patients per group.
Results
Indications for cTIPS were cardiac impairment, poor liver function and/or history of hepatic encephalopathy (HE) in 22, 17 and 8 patients, respectively. cTIPS was technically successful in all patients. Portosystemic gradient (PSG) was successfully lowered in both groups (sTIPS: median 60% reduction and cTIPS: median 50% reduction from an initial PSG of 15 mmHg in both groups, p = 0.006), while post-TIPS PSG remained higher in the cTIPS group compared to the sTIPS group (cTIPS: median 7 mmHg vs. sTIPS: median 6 mmHg; p = 0.042). TIPS dysfunction and revision were significantly more frequent in the cTIPS cohort than in the sTIPS cohort (sTIPS: 1 vs. cTIPS: 9; p = 0.014 and sTIPS: 7 vs. cTIPS: 13; p = 0.036). Control of portal hypertensive symptoms (no paracentesis, no bleeding) was similar in both groups (p = 0.267), but overt HE was less frequent in the cTIPS group than in the sTIPS group (sTIPS: 14 vs. cTIPS: 4; p = 0.042).
Conclusion
The constrained TIPS may offer a more careful step-up approach for selected high-risk TIPS patients. The technical procedure appears to be safe and feasible, however the risk for thrombosis and therefore needed revisions is increased. Larger study cohorts are needed to further explore promising results.
背景和目的：经颈静脉肝内门静脉系统分流术（TIPS）可以有效地克服门静脉高压症，但在相当一部分患者中存在禁忌症。在这项研究中，我们研究了高风险患者选择缩小直径的受限TIPS （cTIPS）。方法：选择汉诺威医学院（2020年10月- 2023年4月）60例高危患者的选择性cTIPS。在cTIPS手术中，首先将6mm支架（移植物）插入肝内道以约束TIPS内假体。记录手术资料、并发症及12个月随访情况。使用倾向评分匹配生成标准TIPS （sTIPS）患者的对照队列，每组40例患者。结果：cTIPS的适应症分别为22例、17例和8例患者的心脏功能受损、肝功能不良和/或肝性脑病（HE）病史。cTIPS在所有患者中技术上都是成功的。两组的门脉系统梯度（PSG）均成功降低（sTIPS：中位降低60%，cTIPS：中位降低50%，两组的初始PSG均为15 mmHg， p = 0.006），而tips后cTIPS组的PSG仍高于sTIPS组（cTIPS：中位7 mmHg vs. sTIPS：中位6 mmHg， p = 0.042）。TIPS功能障碍和翻修在cTIPS队列中的发生率明显高于sTIPS队列（sTIPS: 1 vs. cTIPS: 9; p = 0.014; sTIPS: 7 vs. cTIPS: 13; p = 0.036）。两组门静脉高压症状的控制（无穿刺、无出血）相似（p = 0.267），但cTIPS组明显HE发生率低于sTIPS组（sTIPS: 14 vs. cTIPS: 4; p = 0.042）。结论：有约束的TIPS可为选定的高危TIPS患者提供更谨慎的升级方法。技术程序似乎是安全可行的，但血栓形成的风险因此需要修改。需要更大的研究队列来进一步探索有希望的结果。
{"title":"Expandable Constrained Transjugular Intrahepatic Portosystemic Shunt: An Individualised Approach for High-Risk Patients?","authors":"Hannah Rieland, Timo C. Meine, Anja Tiede, Jim B. Mauz, Heiner Wedemeyer, Jan B. Hinrichs, Frank K. Wacker, Benjamin Maasoumy","doi":"10.1111/liv.70436","DOIUrl":"10.1111/liv.70436","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Background and Aims</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>A transjugular intrahepatic portosystemic shunt (TIPS) can effectively overcome portal hypertension, but is prevented by contraindications in a considerable proportion of patients. In this study, we investigated the option of a constrained TIPS (cTIPS) with reduced diameter for high-risk patients.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Methods</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Elective cTIPS were placed in 60 high-risk patients at Hannover Medical School (10/2020–04/2023). In the cTIPS procedure, a 6 mm stent(−graft) was inserted first into the intrahepatic tract to constrain the TIPS endoprosthesis. Procedural data, complications and 12 months follow-up were recorded. A control cohort of patients with standard TIPS (sTIPS) was generated using propensity score matching, resulting in 40 patients per group.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Indications for cTIPS were cardiac impairment, poor liver function and/or history of hepatic encephalopathy (HE) in 22, 17 and 8 patients, respectively. cTIPS was technically successful in all patients. Portosystemic gradient (PSG) was successfully lowered in both groups (sTIPS: median 60% reduction and cTIPS: median 50% reduction from an initial PSG of 15 mmHg in both groups, <i>p</i> = 0.006), while post-TIPS PSG remained higher in the cTIPS group compared to the sTIPS group (cTIPS: median 7 mmHg vs. sTIPS: median 6 mmHg; <i>p</i> = 0.042). TIPS dysfunction and revision were significantly more frequent in the cTIPS cohort than in the sTIPS cohort (sTIPS: 1 vs. cTIPS: 9; <i>p</i> = 0.014 and sTIPS: 7 vs. cTIPS: 13; <i>p</i> = 0.036). Control of portal hypertensive symptoms (no paracentesis, no bleeding) was similar in both groups (<i>p</i> = 0.267), but overt HE was less frequent in the cTIPS group than in the sTIPS group (sTIPS: 14 vs. cTIPS: 4; <i>p</i> = 0.042).</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusion</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>The constrained TIPS may offer a more careful step-up approach for selected high-risk TIPS patients. The technical procedure appears to be safe and feasible, however the risk for thrombosis and therefore needed revisions is increased. Larger study cohorts are needed to further explore promising results.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":18101,"journal":{"name":"Liver International","volume":"46 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":5.2,"publicationDate":"2025-12-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12717333/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145793918","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Key Limitations in the Evidence on Air Pollution and Liver Cancer: Subtypes, Multi-Pollutant Models and Geographic Representation","authors":"Hang Yang, Yuan Zhang","doi":"10.1111/liv.70461","DOIUrl":"10.1111/liv.70461","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":18101,"journal":{"name":"Liver International","volume":"46 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":5.2,"publicationDate":"2025-12-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145757000","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Mathias Schemmerer, Lisa Sophie Pflüger, Tanja Schneider, Jie Lu, Korbinian Kienle, Kristin Maria Meyer-Schlinkmann, Annelies Mühlbacher, Johannes Polz, Harald Schennach, Qing Xie, Christian Voitenleitner, Jürgen Wenzel, Marc Lütgehetmann
Background & Aims
Hepatitis E virus (HEV) is the leading cause of acute viral hepatitis. We evaluated the performance of the new automated Elecsys Anti-HEV IgG and Elecsys Anti-HEV IgM assays (Roche Diagnostics) in detecting acute, recent and past HEV infection.
Methods
Performance of the Elecsys assays relative to three commercially available CE-IVD anti-HEV assays was assessed in a large multinational cohort (six laboratories in Germany, Austria and China). Sensitivity testing included samples from patients with presumed acute (IgM: n = 707; IgG: n = 490) and recovered HEV infection (n = 156). Specificity testing included samples from asymptomatic blood donors (n = 5040), routine diagnostic samples (n = 2427), and pregnant women (n = 544). An in-house anti-HEV IgG neutralisation method was performed to resolve discrepant specificity sample results. Seroconversion sensitivity analysis was performed using nine commercial seroconversion panels (n = 119 samples).
Results
Relative sensitivity and specificity of the Elecsys assays were > 98.6% (95% CI: 92.2%–100%) and > 98.9% (98.4%–99.2%) for anti-HEV IgM and > 81.2% (79.3%–83.0%) for anti-HEV IgG in different cohorts, respectively. After confirming anti-HEV IgG in 680/696 discrepant samples by a neutralisation method, relative specificity of the Elecsys Anti-HEV IgG assay was > 99.4% (98.8%–99.7%). Evaluation of commercial seroconversion panels showed good overall agreement between the assays.
Conclusions
The Elecsys Anti-HEV IgG and IgM assays showed favourable overall performance when compared to three commercially available CE-IVD marked assays. Neutralisation data indicated higher sensitivity of the Elecsys Anti-HEV IgG assay than comparator assays in detecting past infections and lower IgG concentrations.
{"title":"Performance of Elecsys Anti-HEV IgG and IgM Assays for the Detection of Acute, Recent or Past Hepatitis E Virus Infection","authors":"Mathias Schemmerer, Lisa Sophie Pflüger, Tanja Schneider, Jie Lu, Korbinian Kienle, Kristin Maria Meyer-Schlinkmann, Annelies Mühlbacher, Johannes Polz, Harald Schennach, Qing Xie, Christian Voitenleitner, Jürgen Wenzel, Marc Lütgehetmann","doi":"10.1111/liv.70480","DOIUrl":"10.1111/liv.70480","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Background & Aims</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Hepatitis E virus (HEV) is the leading cause of acute viral hepatitis. We evaluated the performance of the new automated Elecsys Anti-HEV IgG and Elecsys Anti-HEV IgM assays (Roche Diagnostics) in detecting acute, recent and past HEV infection.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Methods</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Performance of the Elecsys assays relative to three commercially available CE-IVD anti-HEV assays was assessed in a large multinational cohort (six laboratories in Germany, Austria and China). Sensitivity testing included samples from patients with presumed acute (IgM: <i>n</i> = 707; IgG: <i>n</i> = 490) and recovered HEV infection (<i>n</i> = 156). Specificity testing included samples from asymptomatic blood donors (<i>n</i> = 5040), routine diagnostic samples (<i>n</i> = 2427), and pregnant women (<i>n</i> = 544). An in-house anti-HEV IgG neutralisation method was performed to resolve discrepant specificity sample results. Seroconversion sensitivity analysis was performed using nine commercial seroconversion panels (<i>n</i> = 119 samples).</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Relative sensitivity and specificity of the Elecsys assays were > 98.6% (95% CI: 92.2%–100%) and > 98.9% (98.4%–99.2%) for anti-HEV IgM and > 81.2% (79.3%–83.0%) for anti-HEV IgG in different cohorts, respectively. After confirming anti-HEV IgG in 680/696 discrepant samples by a neutralisation method, relative specificity of the Elecsys Anti-HEV IgG assay was > 99.4% (98.8%–99.7%). Evaluation of commercial seroconversion panels showed good overall agreement between the assays.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusions</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>The Elecsys Anti-HEV IgG and IgM assays showed favourable overall performance when compared to three commercially available CE-IVD marked assays. Neutralisation data indicated higher sensitivity of the Elecsys Anti-HEV IgG assay than comparator assays in detecting past infections and lower IgG concentrations.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":18101,"journal":{"name":"Liver International","volume":"46 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":5.2,"publicationDate":"2025-12-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12704027/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145757029","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Response to the Letter to the Editor Entitled ‘Comment on Armisen Et al.: Methodological Considerations for MPO Inhibition Trials’","authors":"Armando Flor","doi":"10.1111/liv.70479","DOIUrl":"10.1111/liv.70479","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":18101,"journal":{"name":"Liver International","volume":"46 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":5.2,"publicationDate":"2025-12-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145757039","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Wei Luo, Lixian Yi, Yu Zhang, Jing Zhou, Shihui Li, Fatma A. Abouelnazar, Yanjin Wang, Yongmin Yan
Background & Aims
Liver fibrosis significantly burdens global health, and increased protein synthesis during hepatic stellate cell (HSC) activation plays a crucial role in its progression. Ribosome is the site of protein synthesis. RNA polymerase I (Pol I) is a protein that regulates the transcription of ribosomal DNA (rDNA) genes into ribosomal RNA (rRNA) in ribosomal biogenesis. Therefore, we investigated the role and mechanism of Pol I-regulated ribosome biogenesis in HSCs activation and liver fibrosis progression.
Methods
Initially, we assessed the expression levels of Pol I in the serum of patients diagnosed with liver fibrosis. Then, we assessed Pol I-regulated ribosome biogenesis levels in mouse models of metabolic dysfunction-associated steatohepatitis (MASH) and carbon tetrachloride (CCl4). Finally, we employed overexpression or knockdown of the Pol I gene in LX2 cells or utilised the Pol I inhibitor CX-5461 in vivo and in vitro, assessing the levels of ribosome biogenesis and HSCs activation.
Results
Pol I levels were elevated in the serum of patients with liver fibrosis. Additionally, Pol I-regulated ribosome biogenesis levels were significantly increased in both MASH and CCl4 mouse models, as well as in HSCs activated by transforming growth factor beta 1 (TGFβ1). The overexpression of Pol I was found to enhance the activation of HSCs and promote ribosome biogenesis, while the knockdown of Pol I or the inhibitor CX-5461 inhibited these processes.
Conclusions
Pol I-regulated ribosome biogenesis is significantly increased during HSCs activation and liver fibrosis progression. Pol I may serve as a potential target for the diagnosis and treatment of liver fibrosis.
{"title":"Targeting RNA Polymerase I Inhibits Ribosome Biogenesis to Block Liver Fibrosis Progression","authors":"Wei Luo, Lixian Yi, Yu Zhang, Jing Zhou, Shihui Li, Fatma A. Abouelnazar, Yanjin Wang, Yongmin Yan","doi":"10.1111/liv.70478","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/liv.70478","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Background & Aims</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Liver fibrosis significantly burdens global health, and increased protein synthesis during hepatic stellate cell (HSC) activation plays a crucial role in its progression. Ribosome is the site of protein synthesis. RNA polymerase I (Pol I) is a protein that regulates the transcription of ribosomal DNA (rDNA) genes into ribosomal RNA (rRNA) in ribosomal biogenesis. Therefore, we investigated the role and mechanism of Pol I-regulated ribosome biogenesis in HSCs activation and liver fibrosis progression.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Methods</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Initially, we assessed the expression levels of Pol I in the serum of patients diagnosed with liver fibrosis. Then, we assessed Pol I-regulated ribosome biogenesis levels in mouse models of metabolic dysfunction-associated steatohepatitis (MASH) and carbon tetrachloride (CCl<sub>4</sub>). Finally, we employed overexpression or knockdown of the Pol I gene in LX2 cells or utilised the Pol I inhibitor CX-5461 in vivo and in vitro, assessing the levels of ribosome biogenesis and HSCs activation.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Pol I levels were elevated in the serum of patients with liver fibrosis. Additionally, Pol I-regulated ribosome biogenesis levels were significantly increased in both MASH and CCl<sub>4</sub> mouse models, as well as in HSCs activated by transforming growth factor beta 1 (TGFβ1). The overexpression of Pol I was found to enhance the activation of HSCs and promote ribosome biogenesis, while the knockdown of Pol I or the inhibitor CX-5461 inhibited these processes.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusions</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Pol I-regulated ribosome biogenesis is significantly increased during HSCs activation and liver fibrosis progression. Pol I may serve as a potential target for the diagnosis and treatment of liver fibrosis.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":18101,"journal":{"name":"Liver International","volume":"46 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":5.2,"publicationDate":"2025-12-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145739853","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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