Pub Date : 2022-12-22DOI: 10.18083/lcappl.2022.4.27
S. Gorbachev, yacheslav V. Zuev
A number of compounds with biphenyl as a mesogenic fragment and a structure simulating LC dimers, polymers with mesogenic side chain groups and a star-shaped structure have been synthesized. An approach for the synthesis of such compounds under mild conditions and without a complex purification procedure with a quantitative yield, has been developed. The approach is the implementation of “click chemistry” methods for the synthesis of LC compounds. It has been shown that the LC state is observed only if there are three biphenyls in one molecule, i.e., the compounds appear to be similar to polyesters with biphenyl as a mesogenic moiety. The determining factor in the formation of the LC state and particularly smectic mesomorphism of compounds with such a potentially “weak” mesogen as biphenyl is the formation of intermolecular hydrogen bonds.
{"title":"Synthesis and Mesomorphic Properties of Biphenyl Derivatives with Central Unit Based on 1,6-Hexamethylene Diisocyanate Oligomers","authors":"S. Gorbachev, yacheslav V. Zuev","doi":"10.18083/lcappl.2022.4.27","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18083/lcappl.2022.4.27","url":null,"abstract":"A number of compounds with biphenyl as a mesogenic fragment and a structure simulating LC dimers, polymers with mesogenic side chain groups and a star-shaped structure have been synthesized. An approach for the synthesis of such compounds under mild conditions and without a complex purification procedure with a quantitative yield, has been developed. The approach is the implementation of “click chemistry” methods for the synthesis of LC compounds. It has been shown that the LC state is observed only if there are three biphenyls in one molecule, i.e., the compounds appear to be similar to polyesters with biphenyl as a mesogenic moiety. The determining factor in the formation of the LC state and particularly smectic mesomorphism of compounds with such a potentially “weak” mesogen as biphenyl is the formation of intermolecular hydrogen bonds.","PeriodicalId":18138,"journal":{"name":"Liquid Crystals and their Application","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.5,"publicationDate":"2022-12-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"45447077","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-12-22DOI: 10.18083/lcappl.2022.4.37
A. Smirnova, V. A. Kulev, A. Rassolova, V. Maizlish, I. Kholodkov, S. V. Yablonskii, T. Tikhomirova, V. V. Aleksandriiskii, I. Abramov, E. Glukhovskoy, N. Usol'tseva
A copper complex of tetra-4-(4'-methoxyphenoxy)phthalocyanine was obtained by template synthesis. Its spectral properties in solutions of chloroform, DMF, and sulfuric acid were studied. It has been established that the studied copper phthalocyanine in chloroform solution exists mainly in the monomeric form. The mesomorphism study by the method of polarization optical microscopy showed that the compound is mesogenic, exhibiting a columnar mesophase within a wide temperature range. On cooling, the compound vitrifies with preservation of the mesophase texture. Thin films of individual phthalocyaninate and its mixture with a fullerene derivative (PCBM) were obtained by spin-coating. The film thickness and surface relief were evaluated by atomic force microscopy. The spectral (absorption and fluorescence) and photophysical properties of the films have been studied. It is shown that the presence of photovoltage in individual phthalocyaninate is two times higher than in its composition with PCBM. Over time (after one year), the photovoltaic response of the film based on the individual phthalocyaninate significantly decreased, while in the film with the addition of PCBM it increased three times compared to the initial values for freshly prepared samples. This behavior of photodiodes based on phthalocyanine – fullerene compositions is not typical and was observed for the first time.
{"title":"Tetra-4-(4’-Меthоxyphenoxy)Phthalocyanine Copper Complex: Synthesis, Mesomorphism, Spectral and Photophysical Properties of Thin Films","authors":"A. Smirnova, V. A. Kulev, A. Rassolova, V. Maizlish, I. Kholodkov, S. V. Yablonskii, T. Tikhomirova, V. V. Aleksandriiskii, I. Abramov, E. Glukhovskoy, N. Usol'tseva","doi":"10.18083/lcappl.2022.4.37","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18083/lcappl.2022.4.37","url":null,"abstract":"A copper complex of tetra-4-(4'-methoxyphenoxy)phthalocyanine was obtained by template synthesis. Its spectral properties in solutions of chloroform, DMF, and sulfuric acid were studied. It has been established that the studied copper phthalocyanine in chloroform solution exists mainly in the monomeric form. The mesomorphism study by the method of polarization optical microscopy showed that the compound is mesogenic, exhibiting a columnar mesophase within a wide temperature range. On cooling, the compound vitrifies with preservation of the mesophase texture. Thin films of individual phthalocyaninate and its mixture with a fullerene derivative (PCBM) were obtained by spin-coating. The film thickness and surface relief were evaluated by atomic force microscopy. The spectral (absorption and fluorescence) and photophysical properties of the films have been studied. It is shown that the presence of photovoltage in individual phthalocyaninate is two times higher than in its composition with PCBM. Over time (after one year), the photovoltaic response of the film based on the individual phthalocyaninate significantly decreased, while in the film with the addition of PCBM it increased three times compared to the initial values for freshly prepared samples. This behavior of photodiodes based on phthalocyanine – fullerene compositions is not typical and was observed for the first time.","PeriodicalId":18138,"journal":{"name":"Liquid Crystals and their Application","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.5,"publicationDate":"2022-12-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44300552","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-12-22DOI: 10.18083/lcappl.2022.4.55
Kristina A. Feizer, M. Krakhalev, V. Y. Zyryanov
The electro-optical response of polymer dispersed liquid crystals films has been studied. The polymer specifies the conical boundary conditions for the cholesteric and nematic LC. It is shown that for the cholesteric-based film with the relative chiral parameters of droplets equal to 0.32, control voltages are less than control voltages for the nematic-based film. The threshold voltages are 2.7 V and 4.9 V, and the saturation voltages are 7.3 V and 9.0 V for the cholesteric-based and nematic-based films, respectively. At saturation voltage, the light transmission of these films is over 80 %. The cholesteric-based film turns into a strong scattering state during 85 ms after switching off voltage, while the nematic-based film turns into initial scattering state during a few days. Significant differences in the electro-optical response of the studied films were explained using an examination of electrically induced transformations of the orientational structures formed in nematic and cholesteric droplets. Polymer dispersed cholesteric liquid crystals with conical boundary conditions are prospectful for the development of devices with low-voltage control.
{"title":"Electrically Induced Optical and Structural Response of Cholesteric and Nematic Droplets with Conical Boundary Conditions","authors":"Kristina A. Feizer, M. Krakhalev, V. Y. Zyryanov","doi":"10.18083/lcappl.2022.4.55","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18083/lcappl.2022.4.55","url":null,"abstract":"The electro-optical response of polymer dispersed liquid crystals films has been studied. The polymer specifies the conical boundary conditions for the cholesteric and nematic LC. It is shown that for the cholesteric-based film with the relative chiral parameters of droplets equal to 0.32, control voltages are less than control voltages for the nematic-based film. The threshold voltages are 2.7 V and 4.9 V, and the saturation voltages are 7.3 V and 9.0 V for the cholesteric-based and nematic-based films, respectively. At saturation voltage, the light transmission of these films is over 80 %. The cholesteric-based film turns into a strong scattering state during 85 ms after switching off voltage, while the nematic-based film turns into initial scattering state during a few days. Significant differences in the electro-optical response of the studied films were explained using an examination of electrically induced transformations of the orientational structures formed in nematic and cholesteric droplets. Polymer dispersed cholesteric liquid crystals with conical boundary conditions are prospectful for the development of devices with low-voltage control.","PeriodicalId":18138,"journal":{"name":"Liquid Crystals and their Application","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.5,"publicationDate":"2022-12-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48219386","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-12-22DOI: 10.18083/lcappl.2022.4.63
V. Kozenkov, V. Belyaev, D. Chausov
A photo-induced anisotropy (PIA) of Methyl Red (MR) azo dye embedded in PMMA polymer solid films was investigated by studying dichroic spectra and photo-induced birefringence. The reversible PIA of MR dye was measured in situ during photoactive irradiation process. Photoinduced order increases with the rise of exposure power. It is shown that PIA dark relaxation slows down at higher exposure energy. The MR rotational diffusion was evaluated at different exposure modes. These data are useful for the characterization of Methyl Red azo dye as a liquid crystal photo-aligning material.
{"title":"Photo-Induced Anisotropy of Methyl Red Azo Dye in Polymer Film","authors":"V. Kozenkov, V. Belyaev, D. Chausov","doi":"10.18083/lcappl.2022.4.63","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18083/lcappl.2022.4.63","url":null,"abstract":"A photo-induced anisotropy (PIA) of Methyl Red (MR) azo dye embedded in PMMA polymer solid films was investigated by studying dichroic spectra and photo-induced birefringence. The reversible PIA of MR dye was measured in situ during photoactive irradiation process. Photoinduced order increases with the rise of exposure power. It is shown that PIA dark relaxation slows down at higher exposure energy. The MR rotational diffusion was evaluated at different exposure modes. These data are useful for the characterization of Methyl Red azo dye as a liquid crystal photo-aligning material.","PeriodicalId":18138,"journal":{"name":"Liquid Crystals and their Application","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.5,"publicationDate":"2022-12-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"43454346","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-12-22DOI: 10.18083/lcappl.2022.4.73
D. Petrov, Rifat R. Khannanov
Within the continuum theory, the stratification of colloidal goethite particles in a nematic matrix induced by magnetic and gravitational fields has been studied. The case of a magnetically compensated suspension, which is a liquid crystal analogue of an antiferromagnet, is considered. For a twist structure, the spatial distributions of the fields of the director of the liquid crystal medium and the dispersed phase are studied. The distributions of goethite impurity particles over the layer thickness are calculated for different values of the magnetic field. The obtained equations of orientational and magnetic equilibrium of suspensions of goethite particles in a nematic have a general form and, in limiting cases, can be used to describe liquid crystal suspensions of anisometric ferromagnetic particles and carbon nanotubes.
{"title":"Field-Induced Stratification of Goethite Particles in Nematic Matrix","authors":"D. Petrov, Rifat R. Khannanov","doi":"10.18083/lcappl.2022.4.73","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18083/lcappl.2022.4.73","url":null,"abstract":"Within the continuum theory, the stratification of colloidal goethite particles in a nematic matrix induced by magnetic and gravitational fields has been studied. The case of a magnetically compensated suspension, which is a liquid crystal analogue of an antiferromagnet, is considered. For a twist structure, the spatial distributions of the fields of the director of the liquid crystal medium and the dispersed phase are studied. The distributions of goethite impurity particles over the layer thickness are calculated for different values of the magnetic field. The obtained equations of orientational and magnetic equilibrium of suspensions of goethite particles in a nematic have a general form and, in limiting cases, can be used to describe liquid crystal suspensions of anisometric ferromagnetic particles and carbon nanotubes.","PeriodicalId":18138,"journal":{"name":"Liquid Crystals and their Application","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.5,"publicationDate":"2022-12-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"46809949","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-09-30DOI: 10.18083/lcappl.2022.3.81
А. В. Казак, К. С. Никитин, И. С. Чикалов, Т. В. Дубинина, И. В. Холодков, Н. В. Усольцева, Я Информацияаннотаци, A. Kazak, K. Nikitin, I. S. Chikalov, T. Dubinina, I. Kholodkov, N. Usol'tseva, CT Ra
Ключевые слова: производное фталоцианина, плавающие слои, пленки Ленгмюра-Шеффера, надмолекулярная организация, UV/Vis-спектры, агрегация Получены плавающие слои и пленки Ленгмюра-Шеффера 2,3,9,10,16,17,23,24-окта-(3-(этилтио)фенил)фталоцианината лютеция ацетата. Проведено моделирование плавающего слоя данного соединения и рассчитаны геометрические характеристики упаковки молекул на поверхности воды. Показано, что площадь, приходящаяся на одну молекулу в плотнейшей face-on упаковке монослоя, равна 4,94 нм2. Анализ изотермы сжатия плавающего слоя, электронных спектров поглощения раствора в хлороформе и тонких пленках, а также АСМ изображений рельефа поверхности пленок Ленгмюра-Шеффера показал, что на границе раздела фаз воздух/вода, так же, как и на твердой подложке, молекулы расположены по типу face-on. Такая надмолекулярная организация исследуемого соединения, вероятно, связана с ориентирующим эффектом ацетатного остатка при атоме лютеция и атомов серы на водной субфазе. Методом электронной спектроскопии поглощения установлено, что пленки содержат небольшое количества агрегатов J-типа.
{"title":"Supramolecular Organization and Optical Properties of Langmuir-Schaefer Films of 2,3,9,10,16,17,23,24-Octa-(3-(Methylthio)Phenyl)Phthalocyaninate Lutetium Acetate","authors":"А. В. Казак, К. С. Никитин, И. С. Чикалов, Т. В. Дубинина, И. В. Холодков, Н. В. Усольцева, Я Информацияаннотаци, A. Kazak, K. Nikitin, I. S. Chikalov, T. Dubinina, I. Kholodkov, N. Usol'tseva, CT Ra","doi":"10.18083/lcappl.2022.3.81","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18083/lcappl.2022.3.81","url":null,"abstract":"Ключевые слова: производное фталоцианина, плавающие слои, пленки Ленгмюра-Шеффера, надмолекулярная организация, UV/Vis-спектры, агрегация Получены плавающие слои и пленки Ленгмюра-Шеффера 2,3,9,10,16,17,23,24-окта-(3-(этилтио)фенил)фталоцианината лютеция ацетата. Проведено моделирование плавающего слоя данного соединения и рассчитаны геометрические характеристики упаковки молекул на поверхности воды. Показано, что площадь, приходящаяся на одну молекулу в плотнейшей face-on упаковке монослоя, равна 4,94 нм2. Анализ изотермы сжатия плавающего слоя, электронных спектров поглощения раствора в хлороформе и тонких пленках, а также АСМ изображений рельефа поверхности пленок Ленгмюра-Шеффера показал, что на границе раздела фаз воздух/вода, так же, как и на твердой подложке, молекулы расположены по типу face-on. Такая надмолекулярная организация исследуемого соединения, вероятно, связана с ориентирующим эффектом ацетатного остатка при атоме лютеция и атомов серы на водной субфазе. Методом электронной спектроскопии поглощения установлено, что пленки содержат небольшое количества агрегатов J-типа.","PeriodicalId":18138,"journal":{"name":"Liquid Crystals and their Application","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.5,"publicationDate":"2022-09-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"45454345","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-09-30DOI: 10.18083/lcappl.2022.3.6
G. Zharkova, V. Kovrizhina
{"title":"Mechano-Optical Effects in Liquid Crystals and their Use for Shear Stress Measuring in Aerodynamic Experiment","authors":"G. Zharkova, V. Kovrizhina","doi":"10.18083/lcappl.2022.3.6","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18083/lcappl.2022.3.6","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":18138,"journal":{"name":"Liquid Crystals and their Application","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.5,"publicationDate":"2022-09-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42762147","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-09-30DOI: 10.18083/lcappl.2022.3.111
O. Prishchepa, V. Sutormin, M. Krakhalev, A. A. Ivanenko, A. Shefer, V. Zyryanov
{"title":"Azimuthal Rotation of Periodic Structure of Linear Defects in Cholesteric Layer under Planar-Conical Boundary Conditions","authors":"O. Prishchepa, V. Sutormin, M. Krakhalev, A. A. Ivanenko, A. Shefer, V. Zyryanov","doi":"10.18083/lcappl.2022.3.111","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18083/lcappl.2022.3.111","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":18138,"journal":{"name":"Liquid Crystals and their Application","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.5,"publicationDate":"2022-09-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"45523242","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-09-30DOI: 10.18083/lcappl.2022.3.49
S. Pasechnik, D. V. Shmeleva, A. Saidgaziev, S. S. Kharlamov, A. A. Vasilieva, S. Santer
{"title":"Shear Flows Induced by Electro-Osmotic Pumps in Optofluidic Liquid Crystal Cell for Modulation of Visible Light and THz Irradiation","authors":"S. Pasechnik, D. V. Shmeleva, A. Saidgaziev, S. S. Kharlamov, A. A. Vasilieva, S. Santer","doi":"10.18083/lcappl.2022.3.49","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18083/lcappl.2022.3.49","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":18138,"journal":{"name":"Liquid Crystals and their Application","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.5,"publicationDate":"2022-09-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"43524218","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-09-30DOI: 10.18083/lcappl.2022.3.91
A. I. Alexandrov, T. V. Pashkova
{"title":"Structure of some Mesogenic Chiral and Achiral Acrylates and their Mixtures According to X-Ray Data","authors":"A. I. Alexandrov, T. V. Pashkova","doi":"10.18083/lcappl.2022.3.91","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18083/lcappl.2022.3.91","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":18138,"journal":{"name":"Liquid Crystals and their Application","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.5,"publicationDate":"2022-09-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42498249","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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