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Sorption-Desorption of Rare-Earth Metal Cations by Ferromanganese Crusts of the Govorov Guyot, Magellan Seamounts, Pacific Ocean 太平洋麦哲伦海山戈沃罗夫-古约特铁锰结壳对稀土金属阳离子的吸附-解吸作用
IF 0.7 4区 地球科学 Q4 GEOCHEMISTRY & GEOPHYSICS Pub Date : 2024-09-02 DOI: 10.1134/S0024490224700640
G. V. Novikov, O. Yu. Bogdanova, N. V. Lobus, A. O. Rumayntseva

The article presents the results of experimental studies of the sorption and desorption of rare-earth metal (REM) cations by the Co-bearing ferromanganese crusts of the Govorov Guyot. It has been established that the REM cations are sorbed on the CFC ore minerals (Fe-vernadite, vernadite, Mn-feroxyhite, and goethite. The crusts are characterized by high exchange capacity (1.78–3.57 mg-equiv/g, which increases in the following series: (Dy < Gd < Lu < Sm < Nd < Y, La < Eu) ( ll ) Ce. The REM cation sorption proceeds by the irreversible ion-exchange equivalent mechanism. The exchange complex of ore minerals consists of Na+, K+, Ca2+, and Mg2+ cations, which contribute 97‒98% to their total capacity. The crusts are characterized by the group sorption of REM cations from multicomponent water solutions of metal salts. The selectivity of manganese and ferruginous minerals of crusts to REM cations is significantly higher than to the main cations of ocean water. Experimental data on the desorption of sorbed REM cations with the NaCl solution suggest their irreversible sorption by ore minerals and strengthening of the chemical bond of sorbed REM cations with the main structural elements of these minerals over time. An important property of ore minerals, primarily manganese minerals, is their chemical and structural stability in aqueous electrolyte solutions, suggesting the repeated use of FMC as sorbents of REM cations.

摘要 本文介绍了戈沃罗夫-古约特的含钴铁锰结壳对稀土金属阳离子吸附和解吸的实验研究结果。研究证实,稀土金属阳离子被吸附在氟氯化碳矿石矿物(铁钒锰矿、钒钛铁矿、锰铁氧体矿和鹅铁矿)上。结壳的特点是高交换容量(1.78-3.57 mg-equiv/g,按以下系列递增:(Dy < Gd < Lu < Sm < Nd < Y, La < Eu)( ll ) Ce。REM 阳离子吸附是通过不可逆的离子交换等价机制进行的。矿石矿物的交换复合物由 Na+、K+、Ca2+ 和 Mg2+ 阳离子组成,它们占总容量的 97-98%。结壳的特点是从金属盐的多组分水溶液中群体吸附 REM 阳离子。结壳中的锰和铁锈色矿物对 REM 阳离子的选择性明显高于对海水中主要阳离子的选择性。用氯化钠溶液解吸被吸附的 REM 阳离子的实验数据表明,矿石矿物对这些阳离子的吸附是不可逆的,而且随着时间的推移,被吸附的 REM 阳离子与这些矿物的主要结构元素之间的化学键会加强。矿石矿物(主要是锰矿物)的一个重要特性是它们在水性电解质溶液中的化学和结构稳定性,这表明可以重复使用 FMC 作为 REM 阳离子的吸附剂。
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引用次数: 0
Geological Setting and Formation of the Erosional Structure of Upper Miocene Deposits in Western Ciscaucasia 西高加索上新世矿床的地质背景和侵蚀结构的形成
IF 0.7 4区 地球科学 Q4 GEOCHEMISTRY & GEOPHYSICS Pub Date : 2024-09-02 DOI: 10.1134/S0024490224700676
I. S. Postnikova, I. S. Patina, G. M. Gorkin

The results of regional studies of Early Miocene deposits in Western Ciscaucasia, based on the seismic stratigraphic analysis, are presented. The spatial pattern of sediment accumulation is analyzed and the paleogeographic conditions during the Late Miocene regressive stages in Western Ciscaucasia are refined. Erosional incisions of several levels, developed during the base-level fall in the course of major regressions in the studied time interval, were identified. Based on the spatial correlation of paleoincisions using a chosen series of intersecting seismic profiles, the buried Paleo-Don and Paleo-Donets river valleys were reconstructed at the Sarmatian‒Meotian boundaries and within the Meotian‒upper Pontian interval.

摘要 根据地震地层分析,介绍了对西西高加索早中新世沉积进行区域研究的结果。分析了沉积物堆积的空间模式,并完善了西西高加索晚中新世回归阶段的古地理条件。在研究的时间区间内,确定了在大回归过程中基底下降过程中形成的多级侵蚀切口。根据所选择的一系列相交地震剖面的古切口空间相关性,在萨尔马特-中新世边界以及中新世-上新世区间内重建了被掩埋的古顿河和古多涅茨河河谷。
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引用次数: 0
Lithogeochemistry of Upper Precambrian Terrigenous Rocks of Belarus: Communication 2. Provenance, Paleogeodynamics, Paleogeography, and Paleoclimate 白俄罗斯上前寒武纪土著岩石的岩石地球化学:交流 2.产状、古地球动力学、古地理学和古气候
IF 0.7 4区 地球科学 Q4 GEOCHEMISTRY & GEOPHYSICS Pub Date : 2024-09-02 DOI: 10.1134/S002449022470069X
A. V. Maslov, O. Yu. Melnichuk, A. B. Kuznetsov, V. N. Podkovyrov

This paper completes the examination of results of the study of lithogeochemical characteristics of a pilot collection of the Riphean–Vendian sandstones, siltstones, and claystones (last one based on the interpretation of results) in Belarus. Data on the age of detrital zircon published in recent years suggest that Upper Precambrian rocks of this region were sourced from the Osnitsk–Mikashevichi and the Trans-Scandinavian igneous belts, the Volyn–Brest large igneous province, rapakivi granites, as well as various rock associations of Sarmatia, Danopolonian orogen and Svecofennides. Based on the lithogeochemical characteristics, the distribution of data points of the studied clastic rocks on discriminant diagrams provides insight into the possible provenance, paleogeodynamic, paleogeographic, and paleoclimatic settings and suggests several conclusions. The considered Riphean–Vendian stratons in Belarus are composed mainly of erosion products of within-plate granitoids, as well as various island-arc and syncollisional felsic igneous rocks. The share of erosion products of mafic rocks among them generally does not exceed 30%. It is significant mainly in the Volyn Group rocks (erosion products of the Volyn–Brest large igneous province), as well as in some samples of the Nizov, Selyavy, and Kotlin formations (fragments of mafic rocks from other provenances?). The source-to-sink transport was accomplished mainly by large rivers. Paleogeodynamic settings varied from quite active to quite passive. The paleoclimate in catchment areas was most likely arid/semiarid in the Riphean. In the Vendian, it was humid and varied from subtropical in the Early Vendian (except the Glusk Formation) to tropical in the Late Vendian. The obtained results also make it possible to show some peculiarities of the known methods and techniques of paleoclimate reconstruction.

摘要 本文完成了对白俄罗斯里普安-文迪安砂岩、粉砂岩和粘土岩(最后一项基于对结果的解释)试点采集的岩石地球化学特征研究结果的审查。近年来公布的锆英石碎片年龄数据表明,该地区的上前寒武纪岩石来自奥斯尼茨克-米卡舍维奇和外斯堪的纳维亚火成岩带、沃伦-布列斯特大型火成岩省、拉帕基维花岗岩以及萨尔马特、多诺波隆造山带和斯维科芬尼德的各种岩石群。根据岩石地球化学特征,所研究碎屑岩的数据点在判别图上的分布情况可以让我们深入了解可能的出处、古地球动力学、古地理学和古气候环境,并提出若干结论。所研究的白俄罗斯 Riphean-Vendian 地层主要由板块内花岗岩的侵蚀产物以及各种岛弧和同步碰撞长粒火成岩组成。其中岩浆岩侵蚀产物的比例一般不超过 30%。主要在沃伦组岩石(沃伦-布列斯特大型火成岩省的侵蚀产物)以及尼佐夫、谢利亚维和科特林地层的一些样本(来自其他产地的岩浆岩碎片?)从源到汇的迁移主要由大河完成。古地球动力学环境从相当活跃到相当被动不等。在里皮安时期,集水区的古气候很可能是干旱/半干旱的。文迪安时期气候潮湿,从文迪安早期的亚热带气候(格拉斯克地层除外)到文迪安晚期的热带气候不等。研究结果还显示了已知古气候重建方法和技术的一些特殊性。
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引用次数: 0
Paleozoic and Cenozoic Reef Formation. An Attempt at Comparative Analysis 古生代和新生代岩礁形成。比较分析尝试
IF 0.7 4区 地球科学 Q4 GEOCHEMISTRY & GEOPHYSICS Pub Date : 2024-09-02 DOI: 10.1134/S0024490224700688
V. G. Kuznetsov

The article presents a comparative analysis of the Paleozoic and Cenozoic reef formation, mainly in terms of the position of reefs in the basins of continental and oceanic blocks. It is shown that the main formation of reefs took place in the Cenozoic directly in the oceans, including boundaries between oceans and continents, and, to an extremely limited scales, in the basins of the continental segment. In the Paleozoic, reefs were formed not only in oceans, but also in spacious basins of continental block. This is one of the manifestations of the general evolution of carbonate accumulation, when the Paleozoic carbonate sediments were formed in such shallow-water bodies that covered very significant surfaces of continents.

摘要 文章对古生代和新生代珊瑚礁的形成进行了比较分析,主要从珊瑚礁在大陆块和大洋块盆地中的位置进行了分析。结果表明,在新生代,珊瑚礁的主要形成直接发生在海洋中,包括海洋和大陆之间的边界,以及在极其有限的范围内,发生在大陆段的盆地中。在古生代,珊瑚礁不仅在海洋中形成,也在宽敞的大陆块盆地中形成。这是碳酸盐累积总体演化的表现之一,当时古生代碳酸盐沉积物形成于覆盖大陆重要表面的浅水体中。
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引用次数: 0
Structural and Crystal-Chemical Features of Mg-Rich Minerals of the Glauconite–Illite Series from Upper Proterozoic Deposits in Eastern and Northern Siberia 东西伯利亚和北西伯利亚上新生代矿床中褐铁矿-沸石系列富镁矿物的结构和晶体化学特征
IF 0.7 4区 地球科学 Q4 GEOCHEMISTRY & GEOPHYSICS Pub Date : 2024-09-02 DOI: 10.1134/S0024490224700664
B. A. Sakharov, T. A. Ivanovskaya, V. A. Drits, A. T. Savichev

At the current level of research, a generalization of previously studied and new lithological-mineralogical, structural, and crystal-chemical characteristics of globular layer silicates (GLS) of the Mg-rich glauconite–illite series from Upper Proterozoic sections of eastern and northern Siberia (Uchur–Maya region, Anabar uplift) has been carried out. The classification of glauconite–illite minerals was carried out in accordance with recommendations of the International Nomenclature Committees for Mica and Clay Minerals, as well as based on the available literature and our own data. The Al index, i.e., (KAl = VIAl/[VIFe3+ + VIAl]), in minerals of the glauconite–illite series varies from 0.40 to 0.85; the content of Mg and K cations varies, respectively, from 0.51 to 0.75 and from 0.63 to 0.80 f.u. Application of the X-ray modeling method for diffraction patterns of the oriented and unoriented specimens of Upper Proterozoic GLS made it possible to determine the following properties: the content of swelling layers (4–10%), their types (mica, smectite, chlorite), the nature of the alternation (short-range order factor, R = 0), unit cell parameters c sin β, c cos β/a, and average value of parameter b (9.018–9.074 Å). The conditions of glauconite formation in the Upper Proterozoic basins are considered, and their influence on the structural and crystal-chemical features of Mg presence in hydrocarbons is discussed.

摘要 在目前的研究水平上,对西伯利亚东部和北部上新生代地段(乌楚尔-玛雅地区,阿纳巴尔隆起)富镁青闪石-illite 系列球状层状硅酸盐(GLS)的岩性-矿物学、结构和晶体-化学特征进行了归纳。根据国际云母和粘土矿物命名委员会的建议,并根据现有文献和我们自己的数据,对白云母锂辉石矿物进行了分类。Al 指数,即(KAl = VIAl/[VIFe3+ + VIAl]),从 0.40 到 0.85 不等;镁阳离子和钾阳离子的含量分别从 0.51 到 0.75 和 0.63 到 0.80 f.u 不等。应用 X 射线建模方法对上新生代 GLS 取向和未取向试样的衍射图样进行分析,可以确定以下性质:膨胀层含量(4-10%)、膨胀层类型(云母、闪长岩、绿泥石)、交替性质(短程有序因子 R = 0)、单胞参数 c sin β、c cos β/a,以及参数 b 的平均值(9.018-9.074 Å)。考虑了上新生代盆地中芒硝形成的条件,并讨论了它们对碳氢化合物中镁存在的结构和晶体化学特征的影响。
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引用次数: 0
Features of the REE Geochemistry and Genesis of Rocks and Ores of the Nchwaning Manganese Deposit (Kalahari Manganese Field, South Africa) 恩奇瓦宁(Nchwaning)锰矿藏岩石和矿石的 REE 地球化学特征和成因(南非卡拉哈里锰矿区
IF 0.7 4区 地球科学 Q4 GEOCHEMISTRY & GEOPHYSICS Pub Date : 2024-09-02 DOI: 10.1134/S0024490224700639
V. N. Kuleshov, A. Yu. Bychkov, A. I. Brusnitsyn

Rare earth elements (REE) of the host rocks (Fe-siliceous rocks) and manganese ores of the Nchwaning Mine (Hotazel Formation, Kalahari manganese field) were studied. An important feature of manganese ores and host rocks (Fe-silicites) is the presence of negative and positive cerium (Ce/Ce*) and europium (Eu/Eu*) anomalies. This testifies to the complex and long history of the formation of manganese ores. Initial metal-bearing (Mn, Fe) sediments of a shallow-water basin with a negative cerium anomaly (Ce/Ce*) were enriched in europium (positive Eu/Eu*) at different stages of lithogenesis both during sedimentation (underwater discharge of hydrothermal fluids), and subsequent processes of hydrothermal transformation of the ore-bearing strata. The source of manganese could be basaltic andesites of the underlying Ongeluk Formation.

摘要 对Nchwaning矿(卡拉哈里锰矿区Hotazel地层)的母岩(铁硅质岩)和锰矿石的稀土元素(REE)进行了研究。锰矿石和母岩(铁硅质岩)的一个重要特征是存在负向和正向的铈(Ce/Ce*)和铕(Eu/Eu*)异常。这证明了锰矿石形成的复杂而漫长的历史。在沉积(热液在水下排放)和含矿地层随后的热液转化过程中,具有负铈异常(Ce/Ce*)的浅水盆地的初始含金属(锰、铁)沉积物在不同的成岩阶段富含铕(正Eu/Eu*)。锰的来源可能是下伏昂格鲁克地层的玄武安山岩。
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引用次数: 0
Unusual Mineralization in Basaltic Andesites of the Submarine Esmeralda Volcano (Mariana Island Arc) 埃斯梅拉达海底火山(马里亚纳岛弧)玄武安山岩中的异常成矿作用
IF 0.7 4区 地球科学 Q4 GEOCHEMISTRY & GEOPHYSICS Pub Date : 2024-07-13 DOI: 10.1134/S0024490224700585
V. A. Rashidov, V. V. Petrova, V. V. Ananyev, N. V. Gorkova

The results of studies of a basaltic andesite sample (complicated by the mineralized fracture and voids, as well as fracture and gas voids filled with secondary mineralization) dredged on the submarine Esmeralda Volcano are presented. A detailed comparative study of the mineral composition of the substance lining the fracture, the near-fracture space, and the basaltic andesite part unaffected by secondary alterations made it possible to discover the presence of a mineral assemblage, which is atypical for the unaltered volcanic rocks, in the submarine Esmeralda Volcano. In the intra-fracture space and adjacent basaltic andesite zones, wide variation ranges of the plagioclase composition are recorded; isomorphism in the Fe–Ca pyroxene series is studied; REE oxides, hydroxides, and fluorohydroxides are studied; and variability in the composition of minerals of the magnetite–hematite series is shown. Tectonic movements in the previously formed basaltic andesites likely promoted the emergence of permeable zones, through which new portions of the melt leaked. In a limited space, high fluid gas saturation, temperature, and pressure fostered the extraction of metal compounds from the melt and host rocks.

摘要 介绍了对埃斯梅拉尔达火山海底挖出的玄武安山岩样本(因矿化断裂和空隙以及充满二次矿化的断裂和气体空隙而变得复杂)的研究结果。通过对裂缝内层物质、近裂缝空间和未受次生蚀变影响的玄武安山岩部分的矿物成分进行详细的比较研究,发现埃斯梅拉达火山海底存在一种矿物组合,这种矿物组合在未发生蚀变的火山岩中并不常见。在断裂内空间和邻近的玄武安山岩区,记录了斜长石成分的广泛变化范围;研究了铁-钙辉石系列的同构性;研究了 REE 氧化物、氢氧化物和氟氢氧化物;并显示了磁铁矿-赤铁矿系列矿物成分的变化。之前形成的玄武安山岩的构造运动很可能促进了渗透带的出现,熔体的新部分通过这些渗透带泄漏出来。在有限的空间内,高流体气体饱和度、温度和压力促进了从熔体和主岩中提取金属化合物。
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引用次数: 0
Lithology, Source Areas, and Formation Settings of the Upper Triassic Deposits of Southwestern Primorye 滨海边疆区西南部上三叠统矿床的岩性、产地和地层设置
IF 0.7 4区 地球科学 Q4 GEOCHEMISTRY & GEOPHYSICS Pub Date : 2024-07-13 DOI: 10.1134/S0024490224700603
A. I. Malinovsky

The paper considers the composition of sandy rocks from the Upper Triassic deposits of the Mongugai Formation of southwestern Primorye and presents the results of its paleogeodynamic interpretation. It has been established that, according to their mineralogical and geochemical parameters, sandstones are petrogenic, correspond to graywackes and, only partially, to lithite arenites, are characterized by a significant degree of geochemical maturity of the clastic material, and their formation occurred due to the erosion of significantly weathered parent rocks of the source areas. Generalization and paleogeodynamic interpretation of the data obtained indicate that sedimentation in the southwestern Primorye in the Late Triassic occurred in basins related to the active continental margin settings probably complicated by strike-slip dislocations along transform faults. The dominant source of detrital material was continental land: cratons and crystalline basement inliers surrounding the rift zones or along transform faults. Felsic granite-metamorphic complexes were eroded with the participation of sedimentary rocks enriched with ancient components. A secondary source was a deeply dissected continental-margin igneous arc, which supplied an additional amount of sialic material, as well as a small amount of the basic–intermediate volcaniclastic rocks into the basin. The U–Pb geochronological studies of detrital zircons from sandy rocks of the formation made it possible to establish the age and the possible position of igneous complexes, destruction of which formed the sediments.

摘要 本文研究了滨海边疆区西南部蒙兀盖地层上三叠统沉积物中的砂岩成分,并介绍了其古地理学解释结果。根据其矿物学和地球化学参数,砂岩属于岩石成因,相当于灰岩,只有部分属于闪长岩,其特点是碎屑物质的地球化学成熟度较高,其形成是由于源区明显风化的母岩受到侵蚀所致。对所获数据的归纳和古地球动力学解释表明,晚三叠世滨海西南部的沉积发生在与活跃的大陆边缘环境有关的盆地中,很可能是由于沿转换断层的走向滑动错位而复杂化的。碎屑物质的主要来源是大陆陆地:裂谷带周围或转换断层沿线的板岩和结晶基底离层。长花岗岩-变质岩复合体在富含古老成分的沉积岩的参与下受到侵蚀。大陆边缘火成弧的深剖面是一个次要来源,它为盆地提供了更多的硅质材料以及少量的基性-中性火山碎屑岩。对岩层砂质岩石中的锆石碎片进行的 U-Pb 地质年代研究可以确定火成岩复合体的年龄和可能的位置,这些复合体的破坏形成了沉积物。
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引用次数: 0
Lithology and Sedimentation Conditions of the Latest Cretaceous in the Klementyev Mountain Section (Eastern Crimea) 克莱门特耶夫山地段(东克里米亚)最新白垩纪的岩性和沉积条件
IF 0.7 4区 地球科学 Q4 GEOCHEMISTRY & GEOPHYSICS Pub Date : 2024-07-13 DOI: 10.1134/S0024490224700573
D. M. Korshunov, P. A. Proshina, I. P. Ryabov, B. G. Pokrovsky, V. A. Musatov

A comprehensive study of the Maastrichtian–Danian boundary rocks in the Klementyev Mountain section (eastern Crimea) was carried out. The lithological characteristics of carbonate, carbonate–clayey, and clastic rocks are scrutinized. The dynamic of changes in the benthic and planktonic foraminiferal assemblages is analyzed. The geochemical and isotopic data were obtained for this section for the first time. The stratigraphic range of the upper Maastrichtian and lower Danian has been specified. The late Campanian–early Maastrichtian age of the underlying rocks has been confirmed for the first time. Sediments of the Klementyev Formation were deposited in a deep-sea pelagic paleoenvironment on the submerged part of the outer shelf, whereas the overlying Lower Danian sediments were deposited in shallow waters of the inner shelf with terrigenous sedimentation and high hydrodynamic activity.

摘要 对克莱门特耶夫山地段(克里米亚东部)的马斯特里赫特-达尼安边界岩石进行了全面研究。仔细研究了碳酸盐岩、碳酸盐-粘土岩和碎屑岩的岩性特征。分析了底栖和浮游有孔虫组合的动态变化。首次获得了该剖面的地球化学和同位素数据。明确了上元古界和下元古界的地层范围。首次确认了下层岩石的坎盘纪晚期-马斯特里赫特纪早期年龄。克莱门特耶夫地层的沉积物沉积在外陆架水下部分的深海浮游古环境中,而上覆的下丹江沉积物则沉积在内陆架的浅水中,其中有陆相沉积和高度的水动力活动。
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引用次数: 0
Manifestations of the Early Oligocene Solenovian Crisis on the Northern Shelf of the Eastern Paratethys 东帕拉特提斯北大陆架早新世索伦诺维危机的表现形式
IF 0.7 4区 地球科学 Q4 GEOCHEMISTRY & GEOPHYSICS Pub Date : 2024-07-13 DOI: 10.1134/S0024490224700615
I. S. Patina, G. M. Gorkin, I. S. Postnikova

The results of studies of the regional structure of Solenovian deposits of the Early Oligocene Rupelian Stage in the Cisсaucasian–Caspian region, which represented the northern slope of Eastern Paratethys in the Cenozoic, are presented. The geological structure and paleogeographic conditions in the basin during the Solenovian (second half of Early Oligocene) were refined based on a comprehensive interpretation of geological and geophysical materials. The spatial consequences of the sea level drop in Eastern Paratethys during the Oligocene regressions are traced. The periodic draining of shelf areas is reflected in the structure of erosional unconformities and buried river incisions. It has been established that the most significant was the late Solenovian regression with a relative sea level drop by more than 500 m. Consequently, a prominent unconformity surface, complicated by river incisions, was formed in the sedimentary sequence in the shelf part of the paleobasin (Maikop seismic sequence). Erosion ledges and landslide bodies formed on the slopes, and basin-infill complexes were accumulated in depressions.

摘要 介绍了对西苏加-里海地区早渐新世鲁佩利期索伦诺维亚沉积的区域结构的研究结果,该地区在新生代代表了东帕拉特提斯北坡。根据对地质和地球物理材料的综合解释,完善了索伦诺维亚期(早渐新世后半期)盆地的地质结构和古地理条件。追溯了渐新世回归期间东帕拉蒂西海平面下降的空间后果。大陆架地区的周期性排水反映在侵蚀不整合结构和埋藏的河流切口中。因此,在古盆地陆架部分的沉积序列(麦科普地震序列)中形成了一个突出的非地貌面,并伴有河流切口。山坡上形成了侵蚀壁架和滑坡体,洼地中堆积了盆地填充复合体。
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引用次数: 0
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Lithology and Mineral Resources
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