Pub Date : 2021-08-31DOI: 10.15587/1729-4061.2021.237879
Kirill Ostrovnoy, A. Dyuryagina, A. Demyanenko, V. Tyukanko
This paper reports the results of studying the influence of surfactants (SAS) on the wetting of titanium dioxide in alkyd paint and varnish materials (PVM), based on pentaphthalic (PPh) and alkyd-urethane (AU) film-forming substances. Edge wetting angle (θ°) and adhesion work (Wa) were used as the criteria for assessing the wettability of titanium dioxide. Three additives were used as SAS: the original product AS-1, obtained from waste of oil refining (with low cost), and industrial additives: "Telaz" and polyethylene polyamine (PEPA). All the studied additives in PPh and AU PVM improve the wetting of titanium dioxide. At the 30 % content of AS film-forming substance in the composition, the maximum decrease in θ° for AS-1 is 4.5°, for PEPA and Telaz it is 4°. For pentaphthalic composition under similar conditions, a decrease in edge wetting angle for AS-1 is 10 °, for Telaz 8.6°, and for PEPA 5.9°. According to the relative change in edge wetting angle for both systems, the maximum decrease in θ° is about 10 %. The introduction of SAS into the composition of AU ambiguously affects the adhesion work, for PPh, the introduction of SAS causes a decrease in adhesion work (Wa). AS-1 is the SAS that minimally reduces adhesion work. The compositions of the PVM by the method of probabilistic-deterministic planning, which ensures maximum wetting of titanium dioxide with film-forming solutions, were analyzed. The equations for calculating the edge angle of wetting of titanium dioxide depending on the content of solvent and the SAS in the PVM were derived. The effectiveness of the AS-1 product as a wetting additive for alkyd paints and varnishes was proven. The wetting ability of the original SAS – AS-1 is close to industrial additives PEPA and Telaz.
{"title":"Optimization of Titanium Dioxide Wetting in Alkyd Paint and Varnish Materials in the Presence of Surfactants","authors":"Kirill Ostrovnoy, A. Dyuryagina, A. Demyanenko, V. Tyukanko","doi":"10.15587/1729-4061.2021.237879","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15587/1729-4061.2021.237879","url":null,"abstract":"This paper reports the results of studying the influence of surfactants (SAS) on the wetting of titanium dioxide in alkyd paint and varnish materials (PVM), based on pentaphthalic (PPh) and alkyd-urethane (AU) film-forming substances. Edge wetting angle (θ°) and adhesion work (Wa) were used as the criteria for assessing the wettability of titanium dioxide. Three additives were used as SAS: the original product AS-1, obtained from waste of oil refining (with low cost), and industrial additives: \"Telaz\" and polyethylene polyamine (PEPA). All the studied additives in PPh and AU PVM improve the wetting of titanium dioxide. At the 30 % content of AS film-forming substance in the composition, the maximum decrease in θ° for AS-1 is 4.5°, for PEPA and Telaz it is 4°. For pentaphthalic composition under similar conditions, a decrease in edge wetting angle for AS-1 is 10 °, for Telaz 8.6°, and for PEPA 5.9°. According to the relative change in edge wetting angle for both systems, the maximum decrease in θ° is about 10 %. The introduction of SAS into the composition of AU ambiguously affects the adhesion work, for PPh, the introduction of SAS causes a decrease in adhesion work (Wa). AS-1 is the SAS that minimally reduces adhesion work. The compositions of the PVM by the method of probabilistic-deterministic planning, which ensures maximum wetting of titanium dioxide with film-forming solutions, were analyzed. The equations for calculating the edge angle of wetting of titanium dioxide depending on the content of solvent and the SAS in the PVM were derived. The effectiveness of the AS-1 product as a wetting additive for alkyd paints and varnishes was proven. The wetting ability of the original SAS – AS-1 is close to industrial additives PEPA and Telaz.","PeriodicalId":18248,"journal":{"name":"MatSciRN: Phase Stability & Interfacial Phenomena in Thin Films (Topic)","volume":"43 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-08-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"73788600","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Lucas R. Moore, J. Fernández, Christina Konecki, Zachary Burrell
One of the most significant challenges in handling bulk materials like fertilizer substrates is the affinity of the substrate components to adsorb moisture. This affinity is further exaggerated when blended with other substrates, as well as when stored in regions with elevated humidity. Examples of this are seen when combining phosphate substrates (DAP, MAP, SSP etc.) with nitrogen-containing substrates (ammonium sulfate, urea etc.) to produce various grades of NPK. The combination of these substrates can increase the rate of deliquescence or moisture uptake in granular fertilizers, which can either lead to mushiness observed on the surface of fertilizer granules, mass gain due to absorption into granules, and even increased caking tendencies.
{"title":"Novel Coating Technologies to Reduce Rate of Moisture Absorption of Phosphate and Phosphate/Urea Substrates","authors":"Lucas R. Moore, J. Fernández, Christina Konecki, Zachary Burrell","doi":"10.2139/ssrn.3612740","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2139/ssrn.3612740","url":null,"abstract":"One of the most significant challenges in handling bulk materials like fertilizer substrates is the affinity of the substrate components to adsorb moisture. This affinity is further exaggerated when blended with other substrates, as well as when stored in regions with elevated humidity. Examples of this are seen when combining phosphate substrates (DAP, MAP, SSP etc.) with nitrogen-containing substrates (ammonium sulfate, urea etc.) to produce various grades of NPK. The combination of these substrates can increase the rate of deliquescence or moisture uptake in granular fertilizers, which can either lead to mushiness observed on the surface of fertilizer granules, mass gain due to absorption into granules, and even increased caking tendencies.","PeriodicalId":18248,"journal":{"name":"MatSciRN: Phase Stability & Interfacial Phenomena in Thin Films (Topic)","volume":"29 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-05-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"86674564","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Among the variety of two-dimensional oxides, tin oxides semiconducting are particularly interesting because of their promising in catalyst, energy harvesting, water purification, electronics device and space applications. In this study, three synthesized methods use adopted to explore the properties and application of oxides of tin sheets. The methods are air oxidation, aqueous and non-aqueous which characterized through techniques such as SEM-EDS, UV -spectroscopy, X ray diffraction, FTIR and photoluminescence. From SEM image showed the morphology of the tin oxide materials. The percentage of tin and oxygen from elemental analysis was ~ 55 % and 44 % respectively. FTIR spectra confirmed that Sn-O functional from the vibration peak. The X- ray diffraction pattern shows that prominent diffraction peak which indicates formation of tin oxide crystallinity. A photoabsorbtiy activity was tested in the tin oxide sample with methylene blue to explore how the tin oxide surface featured absorbs the integrity of a dye. Porosity and a surface alteration resulted in a increase in photoactivity. The tin oxide sheets emit green fluorescence in the UV light and emission might be dependent on the number of layers and concentration of it. The water droplet contact angle measure on the tin oxide sheets which is experimentally observed 69°. The theoretically molecular dynamics-based contact angle measurement was also studied on monolayer of stannous oxide, stannic oxide with effect of substrate. Based on above results, this material can be utilized as a photo-catalyst, drug delivery and thin film application of solar cell.
{"title":"Wetting and Photocatalytic Behavior of Two-Dimensional Tin Oxides","authors":"Sunny Kumar, S. Suresh","doi":"10.2139/ssrn.3558244","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2139/ssrn.3558244","url":null,"abstract":"Among the variety of two-dimensional oxides, tin oxides semiconducting are particularly interesting because of their promising in catalyst, energy harvesting, water purification, electronics device and space applications. In this study, three synthesized methods use adopted to explore the properties and application of oxides of tin sheets. The methods are air oxidation, aqueous and non-aqueous which characterized through techniques such as SEM-EDS, UV -spectroscopy, X ray diffraction, FTIR and photoluminescence. From SEM image showed the morphology of the tin oxide materials. The percentage of tin and oxygen from elemental analysis was ~ 55 % and 44 % respectively. FTIR spectra confirmed that Sn-O functional from the vibration peak. The X- ray diffraction pattern shows that prominent diffraction peak which indicates formation of tin oxide crystallinity. A photoabsorbtiy activity was tested in the tin oxide sample with methylene blue to explore how the tin oxide surface featured absorbs the integrity of a dye. Porosity and a surface alteration resulted in a increase in photoactivity. The tin oxide sheets emit green fluorescence in the UV light and emission might be dependent on the number of layers and concentration of it. The water droplet contact angle measure on the tin oxide sheets which is experimentally observed 69°. The theoretically molecular dynamics-based contact angle measurement was also studied on monolayer of stannous oxide, stannic oxide with effect of substrate. Based on above results, this material can be utilized as a photo-catalyst, drug delivery and thin film application of solar cell.","PeriodicalId":18248,"journal":{"name":"MatSciRN: Phase Stability & Interfacial Phenomena in Thin Films (Topic)","volume":"15 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"84557585","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
G. Kumar, Santanu Ghosh, R. P. Yadav, U. B. Singh, A. K. Mittal, P. Srivastava
The evolution of surface morphology and formation of oxides is meticulously studied in annealed copper thin films in oxygen environment at various temperature using experimental results and Higuchi's algorithm. Initially, thin film of copper is deposited using thermal evaporation system having thickness of 27 nm and subsequently oxidized by annealing in temperatures range of 150 °C to 350 °C with a temperature interval of 50 °C in oxygen environment for one hour. The studies of morphological, structural and optical properties of samples are performed by atomic force microscopy (AFM), X-Ray diffraction (XRD) and UV-VIS spectroscopy respectively. XRD results reveal that Cu2O phase changes completely to CuO phase by rising in the temperature from 250 to 350 °C. The optical band gap of annealed copper films at different temperatures is calculated by Tauc's plot and it indicates the formation of Cupreous and Cupric oxide. A clear morphological variation is seen in AFM images of the surface of films. Additionally, Higuchi's algorithm for surface morphology is performed to observe the change in surface morphology under the effect of temperature variation in oxygen environment by various parameters e.g. interface width (w), Hurst exponent (H) and fractal dimension (Df).
{"title":"Dynamics of Surface Morphology of Cu Film Under the Influence of Heat: An Experimental and Theoretical Study","authors":"G. Kumar, Santanu Ghosh, R. P. Yadav, U. B. Singh, A. K. Mittal, P. Srivastava","doi":"10.2139/ssrn.3311690","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2139/ssrn.3311690","url":null,"abstract":"The evolution of surface morphology and formation of oxides is meticulously studied in annealed copper thin films in oxygen environment at various temperature using experimental results and Higuchi's algorithm. Initially, thin film of copper is deposited using thermal evaporation system having thickness of 27 nm and subsequently oxidized by annealing in temperatures range of 150 °C to 350 °C with a temperature interval of 50 °C in oxygen environment for one hour. The studies of morphological, structural and optical properties of samples are performed by atomic force microscopy (AFM), X-Ray diffraction (XRD) and UV-VIS spectroscopy respectively. XRD results reveal that Cu2O phase changes completely to CuO phase by rising in the temperature from 250 to 350 °C. The optical band gap of annealed copper films at different temperatures is calculated by Tauc's plot and it indicates the formation of Cupreous and Cupric oxide. A clear morphological variation is seen in AFM images of the surface of films. Additionally, Higuchi's algorithm for surface morphology is performed to observe the change in surface morphology under the effect of temperature variation in oxygen environment by various parameters e.g. interface width (w), Hurst exponent (H) and fractal dimension (Df).","PeriodicalId":18248,"journal":{"name":"MatSciRN: Phase Stability & Interfacial Phenomena in Thin Films (Topic)","volume":"253 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-01-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"82772401","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Methyl ammonium lead tri-iodide hybrid thin films were grown using solution technique. They were doped with silver nano-particles at different concentrations at concentrations of 0.05, 0.06, 0.07, 0.08, and 0.09 mM. Their reflectance and transmittance were recorded in the wavelength range 300–900 using UV-Vis double - beam spectrophotometer. Using these measurements, other optical parameters were simulated using scout software. The effect of silver nanoparticles was investigated. Results revealed that the thin films had highest transmittance of about 79 % as their band gap varied from 1.921–1.832 eV. Electrical conductivity varied from 1.4–1.6 × 10 5 S cm –1 while optical conductivity varied in the range of 0.3–0.6 × 10 10 sec -1 . They had a significantly low refractive index, suitable for optical applications within the range of 1.6–1.8. The extinction coefficient varied in the range as 1.0–1.7 × 10 -5 while the absorption coefficient varied varies in the range of 2.1-4.2 cm - 1 . It was concluded that the thin films were suitable for photonic device applications
采用溶液法制备了三碘化铅甲基铵杂化薄膜。分别在浓度为0.05、0.06、0.07、0.08和0.09 mM的纳米银粒子中掺杂不同浓度的纳米银粒子，利用紫外-可见双光束分光光度计记录其在300-900波长范围内的反射率和透射率。利用这些测量结果，用scout软件模拟了其他光学参数。研究了纳米银的作用。结果表明，当带隙在1.921 ~ 1.832 eV范围内变化时，薄膜的透过率最高，约为79%。电导率变化范围为1.4 ~ 1.6 × 10 5 S cm -1，光导率变化范围为0.3 ~ 0.6 × 10 10 S -1。它们具有明显的低折射率，适用于1.6-1.8范围内的光学应用。消光系数在1.0 ~ 1.7 × 10 -5之间变化，吸收系数在2.1 ~ 4.2 cm - 1之间变化。结果表明，该薄膜适合于光子器件的应用
{"title":"Optical Analysis of Ag-NPs Containing Methyl Ammonium Lead Tri-Iodide Thin Films","authors":"C. Mosiori, W. Njoroge, L. Ochoo","doi":"10.22178/POS.26-10","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.22178/POS.26-10","url":null,"abstract":"Methyl ammonium lead tri-iodide hybrid thin films were grown using solution technique. They were doped with silver nano-particles at different concentrations at concentrations of 0.05, 0.06, 0.07, 0.08, and 0.09 mM. Their reflectance and transmittance were recorded in the wavelength range 300–900 using UV-Vis double - beam spectrophotometer. Using these measurements, other optical parameters were simulated using scout software. The effect of silver nanoparticles was investigated. Results revealed that the thin films had highest transmittance of about 79 % as their band gap varied from 1.921–1.832 eV. Electrical conductivity varied from 1.4–1.6 × 10 5 S cm –1 while optical conductivity varied in the range of 0.3–0.6 × 10 10 sec -1 . They had a significantly low refractive index, suitable for optical applications within the range of 1.6–1.8. The extinction coefficient varied in the range as 1.0–1.7 × 10 -5 while the absorption coefficient varied varies in the range of 2.1-4.2 cm - 1 . It was concluded that the thin films were suitable for photonic device applications","PeriodicalId":18248,"journal":{"name":"MatSciRN: Phase Stability & Interfacial Phenomena in Thin Films (Topic)","volume":"88 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-09-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"74952468","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
In this paper, we have studied the linear optical properties and nonlinear optical Phase Conjugation properties of two azo dye-doped polymer films by considering organic dyes disperse orange (DO-25) and disperse yellow (DY-7) doped in a polymer matrix Polymethyl methacrylate methacrylic acid (PMMA-MA). The nonlinear optical phase conjugation properties are studied using Degenerate Four Wave Mixing set-up using 532 nm wavelength CW laser beam. The effect of dye concentration, intensity of backward, forward pump, and inter beam angle between probe and forward pump beam on phase conjugation reflectivity are also studied and compared.
{"title":"Comparative Study on Azo Dye-Doped Polymer Films for Optical Phase Conjugation","authors":"S. Aithal, Sreeramana Aithal, G. Bhat","doi":"10.5281/ZENODO.61724","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5281/ZENODO.61724","url":null,"abstract":"In this paper, we have studied the linear optical properties and nonlinear optical Phase Conjugation properties of two azo dye-doped polymer films by considering organic dyes disperse orange (DO-25) and disperse yellow (DY-7) doped in a polymer matrix Polymethyl methacrylate methacrylic acid (PMMA-MA). The nonlinear optical phase conjugation properties are studied using Degenerate Four Wave Mixing set-up using 532 nm wavelength CW laser beam. The effect of dye concentration, intensity of backward, forward pump, and inter beam angle between probe and forward pump beam on phase conjugation reflectivity are also studied and compared.","PeriodicalId":18248,"journal":{"name":"MatSciRN: Phase Stability & Interfacial Phenomena in Thin Films (Topic)","volume":"9 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2015-04-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"87588178","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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