Medecine et sante tropicales最新文献

英文中文

Anticoagulant-induced pseudothrombocytopenia after a plasmodium falciparum infection in a five-year-old child. 一名五岁儿童恶性疟原虫感染后抗凝剂诱导的假性血小板减少症。

Q4 Medicine

Medecine et sante tropicales

Pub Date : 2019-05-01 DOI: 10.1684/mst.2019.0894

M. Igala, L. Kouegnigan Rerambiah, L. E. Ledaga Lentombo, A. Ifoudji Makao, S. N. Nto'o Eyene, S. W. Mbiye Cheme, M. B. Bouyou Akotet, J. Boguikouma

Pseudothrombocytopenia or artefactual thrombocytopenia is an abnormally low number of platelets due to their agglutination in a sample tube, with no ex vivo clinical translation. It occurs in ethylene diamine tetraacetic (EDTA) test tubes. Non-EDTA anticoagulants, such as citrate, fluoride oxalate, and heparin lithium, may be responsible for it, alone or in combination. It can occur in patients with autoimmune diseases, neoplasia, atherosclerosis, liver disease, or infections. We report the case of a 5-year-old child, who after falciparum malaria showed persistent thrombocytopenia. Further exploration has led to the conclusion of pseudothrombocytopenia due to three anticoagulants: EDTA, citrate, and fluoride oxalate.

假性血小板减少症或人工血小板减少症是由于它们在样管中凝集而导致血小板数量异常低，没有体外临床转化。它发生在乙二胺四乙酸(EDTA)试管中。非edta抗凝剂，如柠檬酸盐、草酸氟和肝素锂，单独或联合使用都可能是原因。它可以发生在自身免疫性疾病、肿瘤、动脉粥样硬化、肝脏疾病或感染的患者身上。我们报告的情况下，一个5岁的孩子，谁后恶性疟疾表现出持续的血小板减少。进一步的研究得出结论，假性血小板减少症是由于三种抗凝剂:EDTA、柠檬酸盐和草酸氟。

引用次数: 3

Sexual violence: epidemiological and clinical aspects and circumstances of occurrence among women seen at the Gynecology-Obstetrics department of the Ignace Deen National Hospital of Conakry University Hospital. 性暴力:在科纳克里大学医院伊格纳斯·迪恩国立医院妇产科就诊的妇女发生性暴力的流行病学和临床方面及情况。

Q4 Medicine

Medecine et sante tropicales

Pub Date : 2019-04-01 DOI: 10.1684/mst.2019.0892

I. Baldé, A. Diallo, M. Diallo, O. Baldé, I. Sylla, B. Diallo, T. Sy

Sexual violence is widespread in the world and has a negative impact on women's mental, social, and physical well-being. The purpose of this study was to describe the epidemiological and clinical aspects of the occurrence of sexual violence among patients seen in the Gynecology-Obstetrics department at Ignace Deen National Hospital. This is a cross-sectional, descriptive, observational study of victims of sexual violence seen in the department, directly or on court orders, during the two-year period from May 1, 2016, to April 30, 2018. The data were analyzed with SPSS 16.0 software. Sexual violence accounted for 3.5% of all consultations in the department during the study period. They concerned adolescents (64.0%), females (97.1%), students (78.6%), and single individuals (95.7%). More than half of the sexual assaults were committed in the abuser's home (57.1%), by an assailant known to the victim (87.0%), at night (71.4%), by one person (85.7%), and during the weekend (60.0%). The lesions observed included vulvovaginitis (45.8%), vaginal tears (8.7%), facial bruises (8.7%), anal tears (4.4%), and ocular contusions (4.4%). The gynecological examination was normal in 21.4% of cases. Vaginal penetration was the sexual act practiced most often (88.4%) by aggressors, compared with acts of sodomy (4.3%). We noted 7.2% of fondling. Overall, 58.6% had previously had their hymen broken, and 34.3 very recently, while the hymen was intact in 7.1% of cases. The frequency of sexual violence is underestimated in our society. Its prevention involves its punishment, adequate medical care of victims, and improvement of the status of women.

性暴力在世界上普遍存在，对妇女的心理、社会和身体健康产生了负面影响。本研究的目的是描述Ignace Deen国立医院妇产科患者发生性暴力的流行病学和临床方面。这是一项针对2016年5月1日至2018年4月30日两年期间在该部门直接或根据法院命令看到的性暴力受害者的横断面、描述性、观察性研究。数据采用SPSS 16.0软件进行统计分析。在研究期间，性暴力占该部门所有咨询的3.5%。他们涉及青少年（64.0%）、女性（97.1%）、学生（78.6%）和单身人士（95.7%）。超过一半的性侵犯发生在施虐者家中（57.1%）、受害者认识的袭击者（87.0%）、夜间（71.4%）、一人（85.7%）和周末（60.0%）。观察到的病变包括外阴阴道炎（45.8%）、阴道撕裂（8.7%），面部淤青（8.7%）、肛门撕裂（4.4%）、眼部挫伤（4.4%。阴道穿刺是施暴者最常见的性行为（88.4%），而鸡奸行为（4.3%）。我们注意到7.2%的抚摸行为。总的来说，58.6%的病例之前处女膜破裂，34.3%的病例最近处女膜破裂。7.1%的病例处女膜完好无损。在我们的社会中，性暴力的频率被低估了。其预防包括对受害者的惩罚、对受害者的充分医疗照顾以及提高妇女地位。

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引用次数: 0

Utilisation de la technique de la membrane induite pour la reconstruction des os longs en situation précaire 在危险情况下使用膜诱导技术重建长骨

Q4 Medicine

Medecine et sante tropicales

Pub Date : 2019-04-01 DOI: 10.1684/MST.2019.0889

L. Mathieu, A. Masquelet

引用次数: 0

Status epilepticus in black African patients with hypertensive encephalopathy: a rare entity that must not be underrated. 非洲黑人高血压脑病患者的癫痫持续状态：一种罕见的不可低估的疾病。

Q4 Medicine

Medecine et sante tropicales

Pub Date : 2019-04-01 DOI: 10.1684/mst.2019.0893

M. Coulibaly, M. Touré, S. Koita, B. Coulibaly, T. Diop, M. Mangane, A. H. Al Meimoune, O. Nientao, A. Dabo, B. Diallo, H. Dicko, M. Konaté, D. Diango, Y. Coulibaly

The severity of a blood pressure spike is more closely associated with serious organ dysfunction, which can be life-threatening in the short term, than with the blood pressure level itself. A hypertensive emergency is defined as the presence of high blood pressure associated with acute organ dysfunction. The specific nature of high blood pressure in black patients may cause more frequent hypertensive emergencies. In this retrospective case study, we report our experience and highlight the specific prognosis for black African patients. We examined three patients, aged 27, 47, and 59 years, admitted to intensive care for a hypertensive emergency with neurological distress, and all in status epilepticus. Average blood pressure was 171 mm HG. Treatment included intubation, ventilation, and induction of a barbiturate coma, plus antihypertensive treatment. The outcome was favorable, with an average stay of 5 days. The frequency of hypertensive emergencies varies according to age, ethnic origin, and period studied. Black patients often suffer from more severe forms of high blood pressure, arising at an earlier age. Hypertensive encephalopathy can occur in patients with or without chronic hypertension. Without treatment, the encephalopathy induces a coma that can quickly become fatal. Its spontaneous course is catastrophic (10-20% survival at one year), but more favorable with adequate treatment (60-80% survival at five years).

与血压水平本身相比，血压飙升的严重程度与严重的器官功能障碍更为密切相关，而器官功能障碍在短期内可能危及生命。高血压急症是指与急性器官功能障碍相关的高血压。黑人患者高血压的特殊性质可能会导致更频繁的高血压急症。在这项回顾性病例研究中，我们报告了我们的经验，并强调了非洲黑人患者的具体预后。我们检查了三名患者，年龄分别为27岁、47岁和59岁，他们因高血压急诊并伴有神经系统困扰而住进重症监护室，均处于癫痫持续状态。平均血压为171毫米汞柱。治疗包括插管、通气、诱导巴比妥类药物昏迷，以及抗高血压治疗。结果是有利的，平均停留5天。高血压突发事件的频率因年龄、种族和研究时期而异。黑人患者往往在更早的年龄就患有更严重的高血压。高血压脑病可发生在患有或不患有慢性高血压的患者身上。如果不进行治疗，这种脑病会导致昏迷，很快就会致命。它的自发过程是灾难性的（一年存活率为10-20%），但在适当的治疗下更有利（五年存活率60-80%）。

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引用次数: 2

A rare Foreign Body in the bladder: a surgical dressing as a bladder stone. 一种罕见的膀胱异物：膀胱结石的外科敷料。

Q4 Medicine

Medecine et sante tropicales

Pub Date : 2019-04-01 DOI: 10.1684/mst.2019.0902

M. Cardinale, C. Scheiwe, F. Boubotte-Salmon, P. Laitselart

We report an unusual case of a foreign body removed from the urinary bladder of an 11-year-old boy, which had mimicked a recurrent bladder stone. The diagnosis was suspected by ultrasound. As the clinical presentation appeared typical, no other examination was performed. Open surgery revealed that this foreign body was a surgical dressing forgotten during the first surgery eight years earlier. The absence of clinical evidence or infectious complications related to this foreign body over such a long period was surprising.

我们报告了一例从一名11岁男孩的膀胱中取出异物的不寻常病例，该异物模仿了复发性膀胱结石。超声波检查怀疑诊断结果。由于临床表现典型，未进行其他检查。公开手术显示，这个异物是八年前第一次手术时忘记的外科敷料。在如此长的时间内，没有与这种异物相关的临床证据或感染并发症，这令人惊讶。

引用次数: 0

Postpartum infections in a tropical environment: The experience of the infectious diseases department at Fann Teaching Hospital of Dakar (Senegal). 热带环境下的产后感染:达喀尔(塞内加尔)范恩教学医院传染病科的经验。

Q4 Medicine

Medecine et sante tropicales

Pub Date : 2019-02-01 DOI: 10.1684/mst.2019.0881

L Fortes Déguénonvo, N A Lakhe, V M P Cisse, K Diop Mbaye, D Ka, N M Manga, S Bougar, N M Dia Badiane, C T MNdour, M Soumaré

To describe the epidemiology, clinical characteristics, and outcomes of infections in postpartum women admitted to the infectious diseases department at Fann Teaching Hospital. This retrospective descriptive study examined the records of women admitted for infectious diseases within 42 days after childbirth during the five-year period (2007-2011). Data were collected from medical files and analyzed with Sphinx plus² V5 software. In all, 54 women were admitted for infections during the postpartum period. Their mean age was 27.4 ± 6.2 years. Fifty women (93%) had had vaginal deliveries. The average interval from delivery to admission was 15.4 ± 11.0 days. Tuberculosis (14 cases), vaginitis (13 cases), and severe malaria (7 cases) were the most frequent infectious diseases. The average duration of hospitalization was 12.1 ± 9.0 days. The mortality rate was 30%, with the main causes of death tuberculosis (25 %) and severe pneumonia of unknown causes (25 %). Tropical diseases remain frequent during the postpartum period, with a high lethality rate, as this study shows. Early diagnosis during pregnancy and better follow-up after delivery should be the best ways of reducing morbidity and mortality from these infections.

目的:描述范恩教学医院传染病科收治的产后妇女感染的流行病学、临床特征和结局。这项回顾性描述性研究调查了五年期间(2007-2011年)分娩后42天内因传染病住院的妇女的记录。从医疗文件中收集数据，并使用Sphinx plus2 V5软件进行分析。总共有54名妇女因产后感染入院。平均年龄27.4±6.2岁。50名妇女(93%)有过阴道分娩。分娩至入院平均间隔15.4±11.0天。结核病(14例)、阴道炎(13例)和重症疟疾(7例)是最常见的传染病。平均住院时间12.1±9.0 d。死亡率为30%，主要死因是结核病(25%)和原因不明的严重肺炎(25%)。这项研究表明，在产后期间，热带病仍然很常见，死亡率很高。怀孕期间的早期诊断和分娩后更好的随访应该是减少这些感染的发病率和死亡率的最佳途径。

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引用次数: 1

Cade oil poisoning: about a case. 凯德油中毒:关于一个案例。

Q4 Medicine

Medecine et sante tropicales

Pub Date : 2019-02-01 DOI: 10.1684/mst.2018.0843

K Lakhdar, M A Berdai, S Benlamkadem, S Labib, M Harandou

Throughout Morocco, cade oil is used in folk medicine for many purposes, in particular for atopic dermatosis. It is also used as a wormer. Cade oil poisoning of newborns and infants thus often has an iatrogenic origin, resulting especially from the ingestion of a significant amount or from a prolonged and extensive cutaneous application. Thus, this oil, used for therapeutic purposes, is responsible for a non-negligible number of cases of poisoning, some fatal. We report a case of poisoning after cutaneous application of cade oil in a 2-month-old infant. The outcome was fatal. This report calls attention to the real possibility of this event and emphasizes the interest of preventing it by promoting information to families in Morocco.

在整个摩洛哥，凯德油被用于民间医学的许多用途，特别是对特应性皮肤病。它也被用作杀虫剂。因此，新生儿和婴儿的凯德油中毒通常是医源性的，特别是由于摄入大量凯德油或长期和广泛的皮肤涂抹所致。因此，这种用于治疗目的的油导致了不可忽略的中毒病例，其中一些是致命的。我们报告一个病例后皮肤应用cade油中毒在一个2个月大的婴儿。结果是致命的。本报告提请注意这一事件的真正可能性，并强调通过向摩洛哥的家庭宣传信息来预防这一事件的利益。

引用次数: 0

Inventory of the epidemiological situation of leprosy in Haiti (2013-2017) for the Five-Year Plan: A first stage toward the implementation of the international strategy to combat leprosy, 2016-2020. 海地麻风病流行病学情况五年计划(2013-2017年)清查:2016-2020年国际防治麻风病战略实施的第一阶段

Q4 Medicine

Medecine et sante tropicales

Pub Date : 2019-02-01 DOI: 10.1684/mst.2019.0870

M Dorcelus, S Delaigue, S Bourdeau, J-N Saint-Louis, M Cerpa, W Morose

Leprosy is endemic in Haiti and remains a disease misunderstood by the population. In 2018, the national program to fight tuberculosis and leprosy (PNLTL) produced its first strategic plan against leprosy to implement the international strategy of the World Health Organization (WHO). The objective of this study was to describe the epidemiological situation of leprosy in Haiti, to assess its prevalence and morbidity, and to guide the strategies of the national plan. A retrospective study of all cases of leprosy diagnosed in the three centers providing care for this disease in Haiti reviewed the new cases at these centers from January 2013 through December 2017. In all, 232 new patients were recorded, or 49 new cases a year. Multibacillary leprosy was predominant: 86%, compared with the international mean of 60 %. Children accounted for 14 % of the new cases (7.5 % internationally), a finding that is evidence of active community transmission. Of the new cases in 2017, 8 %, including one child, had grade 2 impairments. Nearly all the leprosy cases - 94 % (218/232) - came from the two districts with treatment centers (West and Artibonite). Efforts must continue to implement the international strategy to fight leprosy to ensure a reduction by 2020 in the rate of grade 2 impairments among new cases and the number of new cases among children.

麻风病是海地的一种地方病，它仍然是一种被人们误解的疾病。2018年，国家防治结核病和麻风病规划制定了首份麻风病战略计划，以实施世界卫生组织(世卫组织)国际战略。这项研究的目的是描述海地麻风病的流行病学情况，评估其流行率和发病率，并指导国家计划的战略。一项对海地提供麻风病护理的三个中心诊断的所有麻风病病例的回顾性研究审查了这些中心2013年1月至2017年12月期间的新病例。总共记录了232名新患者，即每年49例新病例。多菌性麻风占主导地位:86%，而国际平均水平为60%。儿童占新发病例的14%(国际上为7.5%)，这一发现是社区传播活跃的证据。在2017年的新病例中，8%(包括一名儿童)患有2级损伤。几乎所有麻风病例——94%(218/232)——来自设有治疗中心的两个区(West和Artibonite)。必须继续努力执行防治麻风国际战略，以确保到2020年降低新病例中2级残疾率和儿童新病例数。

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引用次数: 0

Lost in a rain forest. 在雨林里迷路了。

Q4 Medicine

Medecine et sante tropicales

Pub Date : 2019-02-01 DOI: 10.1684/mst.2018.0861

F Morin, C Debiton-Morin, F Dufour-Gaume, S Annette

A 40-year-old soldier in Guyana consulted at the end of December for skin lesions that had been developing for several weeks after he was lost overnight in the equatorial forest, near the village of Saul. He was bitten by numerous mosquitoes during the night and as he crossed marshy areas. When he arrived at the clinic he had 23 leishmaniasis sites visible.

12月底，圭亚那一名40岁的士兵因在索尔村附近的赤道森林里过夜迷路而出现了几周的皮肤损伤而接受了咨询。他在夜间和穿越沼泽地区时被许多蚊子叮咬。当他到达诊所时，他看到了23个利什曼病部位。

引用次数: 0

Dyspepsie et Helicobacter pylori. 消化不良和幽门螺杆菌。

Q4 Medicine

Medecine et sante tropicales

Pub Date : 2019-02-01 DOI: 10.1684/mst.2018.0848

P Bourée

引用次数: 0

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