Background: Human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) resulted in considerable morbidity and mortality. Following antiretroviral therapy (ART), the life expectancy of HIV-infected patients increased; however, they were more at risk of developing chronic diseases such as endocrinopathies. This study aimed to determine the prevalence of dysglycemia, dyslipidemia, and metabolic syndrome among patients with HIV infection.
Methods: This cross-sectional study was conducted on HIV-infected patients referring to Loghman Hakim Hospital (Tehran, Iran) between April 2020 and April 2021. We examined demographic features, medical history, and laboratory tests indicating the metabolic status of the patients. Eventually, collected data were processed using SPSS version 23.
Results: The mean age of 68 confirmed HIV patients was 39.85±10.54 years and 64.7% were male. BMI (MD = 2.57, 95% CI = [0.25, 4.88], P = 0.035), cholesterol (MD = 22.73, 95% CI = [4.70, 40.76], P = 0.014), HDL (MD = 8.54, 95% CI = [2.06, 15.02], P = 0.011), and LDL of women was significantly higher than men (MD = 22.43, 95% CI = [7.60, 37.27], P = 0.004). Additionally, 30 patients (44.1%) suffered from metabolic syndrome. The prevalence of metabolic syndrome differed significantly between men (34.1%) and women (62.50%) (P = 0.024).
Conclusion: Dysglycemia, dyslipidemia, and metabolic syndrome are common among HIV-infected patients. Thus, periodic evaluation of the patients can be advantageous in early diagnosis and timely treatment.
背景：人类免疫缺陷病毒（HIV）导致了相当高的发病率和死亡率。经过抗逆转录病毒疗法（ART）治疗后，HIV 感染者的预期寿命延长了，但他们患慢性疾病（如内分泌疾病）的风险却增加了。本研究旨在确定 HIV 感染者中血糖异常、血脂异常和代谢综合征的发病率：这项横断面研究的对象是 2020 年 4 月至 2021 年 4 月期间转诊到 Loghman Hakim 医院（伊朗德黑兰）的 HIV 感染者。我们研究了人口统计学特征、病史和表明患者代谢状况的实验室检查。最终，我们使用 SPSS 23 版本对收集到的数据进行了处理：68名确诊的艾滋病患者的平均年龄为（39.85±10.54）岁，64.7%为男性。女性的体重指数（MD = 2.57，95% CI = [0.25，4.88]，P = 0.035）、胆固醇（MD = 22.73，95% CI = [4.70，40.76]，P = 0.014）、高密度脂蛋白（MD = 8.54，95% CI = [2.06，15.02]，P = 0.011）和低密度脂蛋白明显高于男性（MD = 22.43，95% CI = [7.60，37.27]，P = 0.004）。此外，30 名患者（44.1%）患有代谢综合征。男性（34.1%）和女性（62.50%）的代谢综合征患病率有显著差异（P = 0.024）：结论：血糖异常、血脂异常和代谢综合征在艾滋病病毒感染者中很常见。因此，对患者进行定期评估有利于早期诊断和及时治疗。
{"title":"Prevalence of Dysglycemia, Dyslipidemia, and Metabolic Syndrome among Patients with HIV Infection: a Cross-sectional Study from Iran.","authors":"Marjan Shakiba, Shervin Shokouhi, Fariba Alaei, Amirreza Keyvanfar, Hanieh Najafiarab, Mehrdad Yasaei","doi":"10.47176/mjiri.37.115","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.47176/mjiri.37.115","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) resulted in considerable morbidity and mortality. Following antiretroviral therapy (ART), the life expectancy of HIV-infected patients increased; however, they were more at risk of developing chronic diseases such as endocrinopathies. This study aimed to determine the prevalence of dysglycemia, dyslipidemia, and metabolic syndrome among patients with HIV infection.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This cross-sectional study was conducted on HIV-infected patients referring to Loghman Hakim Hospital (Tehran, Iran) between April 2020 and April 2021. We examined demographic features, medical history, and laboratory tests indicating the metabolic status of the patients. Eventually, collected data were processed using SPSS version 23.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The mean age of 68 confirmed HIV patients was 39.85±10.54 years and 64.7% were male. BMI (MD = 2.57, 95% CI = [0.25, 4.88], <i>P</i> = 0.035), cholesterol (MD = 22.73, 95% CI = [4.70, 40.76], <i>P</i> = 0.014), HDL (MD = 8.54, 95% CI = [2.06, 15.02], <i>P</i> = 0.011), and LDL of women was significantly higher than men (MD = 22.43, 95% CI = [7.60, 37.27], <i>P</i> = 0.004). Additionally, 30 patients (44.1%) suffered from metabolic syndrome. The prevalence of metabolic syndrome differed significantly between men (34.1%) and women (62.50%) (<i>P</i> = 0.024).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Dysglycemia, dyslipidemia, and metabolic syndrome are common among HIV-infected patients. Thus, periodic evaluation of the patients can be advantageous in early diagnosis and timely treatment.</p>","PeriodicalId":18361,"journal":{"name":"Medical Journal of the Islamic Republic of Iran","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-10-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10744192/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139032438","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-10-25eCollection Date: 2023-01-01DOI: 10.47176/mjiri.37.114
Vahid Zangouri, Aliyeh Ranjbar, Farhad Homapour, Mahdiyeh Sadat Seyyedy, Shakila Gooya, Mohammad Yasin Karami, Elham Halimi
Background: Determining the risk of severe course coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) and its related factors in survivors of common cancers such as breast cancer is important. This study has been designed to evaluate the prevalence of COVID-19 infection in breast cancer survivors and also estimate the risk of severe disease in this population.
Methods: Out of 6134 patients in the Shiraz Breast Cancer Registry (SBCR), A total of 292 patients who elapsed less than a year from their breast cancer diagnosis were excluded. We called 5842 patients. Finally, 4135 breast cancer survivors who agreed to cooperate were screened for COVID-19 symptoms by a symptom-based questionnaire in November 2020. COVID-19 in symptomatic participants was confirmed by a polymerase chain reaction (PCR) test. The clinical and paraclinical data of the COVID-19 course were collected for patients with a positive PCR test.
Results: A total of 247 (5.9%) participants had at least reported one of the COVID-19 symptoms. Also, 17% of symptomatic participants had a positive PCR test; 83.7% had mild disease, 9.5% moderate, and 16.7% had severe conditions. Chronic cardiovascular disease, hypertension, and diabetes were related to an increased risk of severe illness ( P = 0.018, P = 0.018, P = 0.002).
Conclusion: This study suggests that breast cancer intermediate and longtime survivors without other underlying diseases are considered at low risk for developing severe/critical COVID-19.
{"title":"Breast Cancer Survivors and COVID-19: Prevalence and Risk of Severe Disease in a Screening Study.","authors":"Vahid Zangouri, Aliyeh Ranjbar, Farhad Homapour, Mahdiyeh Sadat Seyyedy, Shakila Gooya, Mohammad Yasin Karami, Elham Halimi","doi":"10.47176/mjiri.37.114","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.47176/mjiri.37.114","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Determining the risk of severe course coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) and its related factors in survivors of common cancers such as breast cancer is important. This study has been designed to evaluate the prevalence of COVID-19 infection in breast cancer survivors and also estimate the risk of severe disease in this population.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Out of 6134 patients in the Shiraz Breast Cancer Registry (SBCR), A total of 292 patients who elapsed less than a year from their breast cancer diagnosis were excluded. We called 5842 patients. Finally, 4135 breast cancer survivors who agreed to cooperate were screened for COVID-19 symptoms by a symptom-based questionnaire in November 2020. COVID-19 in symptomatic participants was confirmed by a polymerase chain reaction (PCR) test. The clinical and paraclinical data of the COVID-19 course were collected for patients with a positive PCR test.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>A total of 247 (5.9%) participants had at least reported one of the COVID-19 symptoms. Also, 17% of symptomatic participants had a positive PCR test; 83.7% had mild disease, 9.5% moderate, and 16.7% had severe conditions. Chronic cardiovascular disease, hypertension, and diabetes were related to an increased risk of severe illness ( <i>P</i> = 0.018, <i>P</i> = 0.018, <i>P</i> = 0.002).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>This study suggests that breast cancer intermediate and longtime survivors without other underlying diseases are considered at low risk for developing severe/critical COVID-19.</p>","PeriodicalId":18361,"journal":{"name":"Medical Journal of the Islamic Republic of Iran","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-10-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10744123/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139032417","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Background: Distal radius fractures are one of the most common upper extremity fractures, and their incidence continues to increase due to an aging population and an increase in osteoporosis. Various methods of analgesia for distal radius fractures have been described-including hematoma blocks and nerve blocks. Hematoma blocks are a simple and effective method of providing analgesia; nonetheless, their efficacy may be limited in some cases. On the other hand, nerve blocks provide more targeted analgesia and may be more effective in reducing pain during fracture reduction. This study aimed to compare the analgesic effectiveness of radial and median nerve blocks with hematoma blocks under ultrasound guidance in treating distal radius fractures. Also, this study aimed to compare the analgesia of radial and median nerve blocks with hematoma blocks under ultrasound guidance to reduce distal radius fractures.
Methods: In this prospective trial, patients with distal radius fractures referring to 2 academic centers were placed into 2 randomized groups, including hematoma block, and radial median block, both of which were ultrasound-guided. The patient's pain levels were measured and recorded based on the visual analog scale before the block, 5, 10, and 15 minutes after the block, at the start of reduction, during reduction, and 5, 10, and 15 minutes after reduction. Patient satisfaction and physician satisfaction rates were assessed, and side effects were also observed for 1 week. Quantitative variables were reported as mean ± standard deviation, and number and frequency percentages were reported for qualitative variables. The Student t test and the chi-square test were used on a case-by-case basis. The significance level was set at P ˂ 0.05.
Results: In this study, 120 patients were included. The groups had no significant differences in pain reduction during the procedure. Analgesic medication was needed during the procedure for 17 patients; nerve blocks were applied for 6 patients, and hematoma blocks for 11 patients, which was statistically significant (P = 0.041). Satisfaction rates for patients and physicians performing the procedure were significantly higher in the nerve block group than in the hematoma block group ( P = 0.001; P ˂ 0.001, respectively).
Conclusion: The results of this study suggest that ultrasound-guided radial and median nerve blocks can be used as alternative methods of analgesia with other techniques in the reduction of distal radius fractures in emergency departments.
{"title":"Comparative Study of Radial and Median Nerve Blocks with Hematoma Block under Ultrasound Guide in Distal Radius Fracture Reduction: A Randomized Clinical Trial.","authors":"Saeed Abbasi, Nayyereh Garjani, Babak Mahshidfar, Davood Farsi, Mani Mofidi, Peyman Hafezimoghadam, Mahdi Rezai, Alireza Javan","doi":"10.47176/mjiri.37.113","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.47176/mjiri.37.113","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Distal radius fractures are one of the most common upper extremity fractures, and their incidence continues to increase due to an aging population and an increase in osteoporosis. Various methods of analgesia for distal radius fractures have been described-including hematoma blocks and nerve blocks. Hematoma blocks are a simple and effective method of providing analgesia; nonetheless, their efficacy may be limited in some cases. On the other hand, nerve blocks provide more targeted analgesia and may be more effective in reducing pain during fracture reduction. This study aimed to compare the analgesic effectiveness of radial and median nerve blocks with hematoma blocks under ultrasound guidance in treating distal radius fractures. Also, this study aimed to compare the analgesia of radial and median nerve blocks with hematoma blocks under ultrasound guidance to reduce distal radius fractures.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>In this prospective trial, patients with distal radius fractures referring to 2 academic centers were placed into 2 randomized groups, including hematoma block, and radial median block, both of which were ultrasound-guided. The patient's pain levels were measured and recorded based on the visual analog scale before the block, 5, 10, and 15 minutes after the block, at the start of reduction, during reduction, and 5, 10, and 15 minutes after reduction. Patient satisfaction and physician satisfaction rates were assessed, and side effects were also observed for 1 week. Quantitative variables were reported as mean ± standard deviation, and number and frequency percentages were reported for qualitative variables. The Student t test and the chi-square test were used on a case-by-case basis. The significance level was set at <i>P</i> ˂ 0.05.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>In this study, 120 patients were included. The groups had no significant differences in pain reduction during the procedure. Analgesic medication was needed during the procedure for 17 patients; nerve blocks were applied for 6 patients, and hematoma blocks for 11 patients, which was statistically significant (<i>P</i> = 0.041). Satisfaction rates for patients and physicians performing the procedure were significantly higher in the nerve block group than in the hematoma block group ( <i>P</i> = 0.001; <i>P</i> ˂ 0.001, respectively).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>The results of this study suggest that ultrasound-guided radial and median nerve blocks can be used as alternative methods of analgesia with other techniques in the reduction of distal radius fractures in emergency departments.</p>","PeriodicalId":18361,"journal":{"name":"Medical Journal of the Islamic Republic of Iran","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-10-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10744119/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139032419","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Afsaneh Tavassoli, Sara Modares Gharejedaghi, Maliheh Abedi, Seyedh Mahboobeh Jamali, Nader Ale Ebrahim
Background: Bibliometric analysis may indicate the most active specialist, authors, and journals in a given research field. To the authors' knowledge, there is no bibliometric analysis to provide a macroscopic overview in the field of secondhand smoke that harms non-smoker. Methods: Using the bibliometric method, 644 articles that were present in the Scopus database between 1973-2020 on the subject were considered. The data were analyzed by two visualization and science-mapping software called Bibliometrix and VoS Viewer. Also, reference publication year stereoscopy and Co-Citation historiography were used. In the qualitative analysis, 52 articles were selected that had the most citation and were analyzed. Results: In this paper, the findings show that the documents were published in 364 sources with an average citation per document of 25.14 and more than 3 authors or nearly 4 authors per document. The peak reference publication year stereoscopy happened in the year 199 with 974 references. The countries with the highest number of MCP were the USA, China, and Spain. The “International Journal of Environmental Research” and “Public Health”, has raised their publications in the field of secondhand smoke and pregnancy rapidly since 2003. Among the titles, "passive smoking" was the most used. Conclusion: The study highlights the importance of understanding the harmful effects of secondhand smoke on the developing fetus. The findings also shed light on key research trends, influential authors, and active research areas, which can guide future studies and support evidence-based decision-making in the field of maternal and child health.
{"title":"Secondhand Smoking and the Fetus: A Bibliometric Analysis","authors":"Afsaneh Tavassoli, Sara Modares Gharejedaghi, Maliheh Abedi, Seyedh Mahboobeh Jamali, Nader Ale Ebrahim","doi":"10.47176/mjiri.37.135","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.47176/mjiri.37.135","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Bibliometric analysis may indicate the most active specialist, authors, and journals in a given research field. To the authors' knowledge, there is no bibliometric analysis to provide a macroscopic overview in the field of secondhand smoke that harms non-smoker. Methods: Using the bibliometric method, 644 articles that were present in the Scopus database between 1973-2020 on the subject were considered. The data were analyzed by two visualization and science-mapping software called Bibliometrix and VoS Viewer. Also, reference publication year stereoscopy and Co-Citation historiography were used. In the qualitative analysis, 52 articles were selected that had the most citation and were analyzed. Results: In this paper, the findings show that the documents were published in 364 sources with an average citation per document of 25.14 and more than 3 authors or nearly 4 authors per document. The peak reference publication year stereoscopy happened in the year 199 with 974 references. The countries with the highest number of MCP were the USA, China, and Spain. The “International Journal of Environmental Research” and “Public Health”, has raised their publications in the field of secondhand smoke and pregnancy rapidly since 2003. Among the titles, \"passive smoking\" was the most used. Conclusion: The study highlights the importance of understanding the harmful effects of secondhand smoke on the developing fetus. The findings also shed light on key research trends, influential authors, and active research areas, which can guide future studies and support evidence-based decision-making in the field of maternal and child health.","PeriodicalId":18361,"journal":{"name":"Medical Journal of the Islamic Republic of Iran","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-10-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139315993","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
P. Mahmoudian, Mehdi Jafari, Eric de Roodenbeke, Mohammadreza Maleki
Background: Within the public sector, health managers occupy positions that are typically filled by individuals with a medical, clinical, or nursing experience who are entrusted with assuming an additional role. The primary objective of this study was to employ a scoping review methodology to ascertain a cluster of prevalent subjects encompassing the development of a proficient health care manager
{"title":"Dimensions of Health Care Management Professionalization: A Scoping Review","authors":"P. Mahmoudian, Mehdi Jafari, Eric de Roodenbeke, Mohammadreza Maleki","doi":"10.47176/mjiri.37.127","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.47176/mjiri.37.127","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Within the public sector, health managers occupy positions that are typically filled by individuals with a medical, clinical, or nursing experience who are entrusted with assuming an additional role. The primary objective of this study was to employ a scoping review methodology to ascertain a cluster of prevalent subjects encompassing the development of a proficient health care manager","PeriodicalId":18361,"journal":{"name":"Medical Journal of the Islamic Republic of Iran","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-10-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139316326","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Fatemeh Eslamipour, Mehdi Gheitasi, F. Hovanloo, Zohreh Yaghoubitajani
Background: The menopause stage in women reduces estrogen levels and bone indicators. This study compared the effects of high-intensity resistance training (HIRT) and low-intensity resistance training (LIRT) on bone mineral density (BMD) and bone mineral content (BMC), T-score, and Z-score in postmenopausal women with osteopenia. Methods: A randomized controlled trial was conducted among 45 postmenopausal women, aged 50 to 60, who were randomly assigned into 3 parallel groups (n = 15 in each). The exercise program was performed by the interventional groups—the HIRT and LIRT groups—at 4 different intensities, 3 times a week for 24 weeks: 8 repetitions at 80% of 1 repetition maximum and 16 repetitions at 40% of 1 repetition maximum. The evaluated areas (BMD, BMC, T-score, and Z-score) included the lumbar spine (LS) and the femur neck (FN) using a DEXA machine. One-way analysis of covariance and Bonferroni's post hoc tests were used for data analysis. Results: The results indicated significant differences in BMD, BMC, T-scores, and Z-scores between the means of the LS and the FN in all groups. In addition, significant differences were revealed in the BMC of the LS, the BMD, T-scores ( P < 0.001), Z-scores ( P = 0.001), and in the BMC of the FN ( P < 0.001), the BMD (P = 0.001), T-scores, and Z-scores ( P < 0.001), respectively. In addition, the HIRT group's bone indices were considerably greater than those of the LIRT group ( P < 0.00). Nonetheless, LIRT was significantly greater than that of the control group ( P > 0.00). Conclusion: According to the current findings, HIRT seems to be the most effective training program compared with LIRT for bone indicators improvement in the femur neck and the lumbar spine among postmenopausal women with osteopenia
{"title":"High versus Low-Intensity Resistance Training on Bone Mineral Density and Content Acquisition by Postmenopausal Women with Osteopenia: A Randomized Controlled Trial","authors":"Fatemeh Eslamipour, Mehdi Gheitasi, F. Hovanloo, Zohreh Yaghoubitajani","doi":"10.47176/mjiri.37.126","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.47176/mjiri.37.126","url":null,"abstract":"Background: The menopause stage in women reduces estrogen levels and bone indicators. This study compared the effects of high-intensity resistance training (HIRT) and low-intensity resistance training (LIRT) on bone mineral density (BMD) and bone mineral content (BMC), T-score, and Z-score in postmenopausal women with osteopenia. Methods: A randomized controlled trial was conducted among 45 postmenopausal women, aged 50 to 60, who were randomly assigned into 3 parallel groups (n = 15 in each). The exercise program was performed by the interventional groups—the HIRT and LIRT groups—at 4 different intensities, 3 times a week for 24 weeks: 8 repetitions at 80% of 1 repetition maximum and 16 repetitions at 40% of 1 repetition maximum. The evaluated areas (BMD, BMC, T-score, and Z-score) included the lumbar spine (LS) and the femur neck (FN) using a DEXA machine. One-way analysis of covariance and Bonferroni's post hoc tests were used for data analysis. Results: The results indicated significant differences in BMD, BMC, T-scores, and Z-scores between the means of the LS and the FN in all groups. In addition, significant differences were revealed in the BMC of the LS, the BMD, T-scores ( P < 0.001), Z-scores ( P = 0.001), and in the BMC of the FN ( P < 0.001), the BMD (P = 0.001), T-scores, and Z-scores ( P < 0.001), respectively. In addition, the HIRT group's bone indices were considerably greater than those of the LIRT group ( P < 0.00). Nonetheless, LIRT was significantly greater than that of the control group ( P > 0.00). Conclusion: According to the current findings, HIRT seems to be the most effective training program compared with LIRT for bone indicators improvement in the femur neck and the lumbar spine among postmenopausal women with osteopenia","PeriodicalId":18361,"journal":{"name":"Medical Journal of the Islamic Republic of Iran","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-10-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139316172","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Background: Recently, obesity witnessed a dramatic increase and its related comorbidities have grown. Bariatric surgeries were developed to reduce weight. However, all techniques had their advantages and shortages. In this work, we aimed to assess our new modification of combining sleeve gastrectomy with Roux en-y bypass for the management of obesity, hoping to gain benefits from both techniques to increase the excess bodyweight loss (EBW%). Methods: The study was a prospective observational study on 23 Morbidly obese patients. The study was held from January 2020 to April 2022. The recruited patients were submitted to detailed clinical assessment and investigations to check fitness for surgery. Besides operative data, any intra-or post-operative complications were recorded. Each patient was followed up for at least one year. The follow-up visits were scheduled at regular intervals (one week, one month, six months, and twelve months). Results: The mean operative time was 113.91 minutes (65-150). No intraoperative complications or conversion. There was intraluminal bleeding in one patient within 48 hours postoperatively with successful conservative management. There was a complete cure of diabetes mellitus (DM) for 5, 2, and 3 patients and antidiabetic drugs were reduced for 64.3%, 21.43%, and 7.14% at 1, 6, and 12 months follow up respectively. Hypertension was cured in 1,1,2 patients, and antihypertensives were reduced for 2,1,1 patient, at 1, 6, and 12 months follow up respectively. EWL% was 14.4%, 40.78%, and 73.74% at 1,6,12 months follow up respectively. Hemoglobin concentration and ionized calcium improved over time. Finally, serum albumin at 1, 6, and 12 months follow-up was 3.64, 3.58, 3.78 g/dL respectively. Conclusion: New modifications of combining LSG and LRYGB have shown to be safe and effective procedures. In addition, it is associated with minimal postoperative nutritional complications and permits complete visualization of the biliary system using endoscopy.
{"title":"Laparoscopic Sleeve Gastrectomy with Roux en-Y Bypass (A Novel Modification) for Morbid Obesity: A Prospective Observational Study","authors":"A. Elwan, Mohamed Naroz, Mohamed Eid Abdelrahman Eid, Mohamed Elsaed Abo Elkher, Abd-Alhamed Hifny, Masoud Kh. El-Syed Ibrahim, Lotfy Abdelsattar Ebrahim, Mohmed Bakheet Gaber Bakheet, Ahmed Mahmoud Hussein, Mahmoud Helmy Elsaied Hussein","doi":"10.47176/mjiri.37.121","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.47176/mjiri.37.121","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Recently, obesity witnessed a dramatic increase and its related comorbidities have grown. Bariatric surgeries were developed to reduce weight. However, all techniques had their advantages and shortages. In this work, we aimed to assess our new modification of combining sleeve gastrectomy with Roux en-y bypass for the management of obesity, hoping to gain benefits from both techniques to increase the excess bodyweight loss (EBW%). Methods: The study was a prospective observational study on 23 Morbidly obese patients. The study was held from January 2020 to April 2022. The recruited patients were submitted to detailed clinical assessment and investigations to check fitness for surgery. Besides operative data, any intra-or post-operative complications were recorded. Each patient was followed up for at least one year. The follow-up visits were scheduled at regular intervals (one week, one month, six months, and twelve months). Results: The mean operative time was 113.91 minutes (65-150). No intraoperative complications or conversion. There was intraluminal bleeding in one patient within 48 hours postoperatively with successful conservative management. There was a complete cure of diabetes mellitus (DM) for 5, 2, and 3 patients and antidiabetic drugs were reduced for 64.3%, 21.43%, and 7.14% at 1, 6, and 12 months follow up respectively. Hypertension was cured in 1,1,2 patients, and antihypertensives were reduced for 2,1,1 patient, at 1, 6, and 12 months follow up respectively. EWL% was 14.4%, 40.78%, and 73.74% at 1,6,12 months follow up respectively. Hemoglobin concentration and ionized calcium improved over time. Finally, serum albumin at 1, 6, and 12 months follow-up was 3.64, 3.58, 3.78 g/dL respectively. Conclusion: New modifications of combining LSG and LRYGB have shown to be safe and effective procedures. In addition, it is associated with minimal postoperative nutritional complications and permits complete visualization of the biliary system using endoscopy.","PeriodicalId":18361,"journal":{"name":"Medical Journal of the Islamic Republic of Iran","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-10-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139316295","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Background: Verification bias is a common bias in the diagnostic accuracy of diagnostic tests and occurs when a number of individuals do not perform the gold standard test. In this study, we review the correcting methods of verification bias. Methods: In a cross-sectional study in 2020, 567 infertile women who were referred to Royan Research Institute were evaluated. The ultrasound is the performed test and the gold standard are hysteroscopy for some, and pathology for other abnormalities. For correcting verification bias conventional, Begg and Greens, Zhou, and logistic regression methods were used. Results: In the gold standard hysteroscopy test, the sensitivity (SEN) and specificity (SPEC) obtained in conventional, Begg and Greens, Zhou, and logistics Regression methods were (50%, 90.3%), (48%, 96%), (22%, 77%), (50%, 90%), and (72.8, 77) respectively. Furthermore, the area under the curve (AUC) index and kappa statistics were calculated as 70.2%, and 43.6% respectively. In the pathology gold standard test, the SEN and SPEC for the conventional methods, Begg and Greens, Zhou and logistics regression were (67.7%, 86.7%), (66%, 88%), (29%, 70%), (66.9%, 87.6%), and (73%, 83.9%) respectively. Also, the AUC index and kappa statistics were 77%, and 55% respectively. Conclusion: In the study on endometrial abnormalities in infertile women, assuming that the missing data mechanism is random, the amount of bias in calculating SEN and SPEC is very low in the diagnostic tests calculated before and after correction, using Begg and Greens and logistic regression method. But Zhou's method gives rather large biased estimates.
背景：验证偏差是诊断测试诊断准确性中常见的一种偏差，当一些人没有进行金标准测试时就会出现验证偏差。在本研究中，我们回顾了验证偏差的纠正方法。方法：在 2020 年的一项横断面研究中，我们对转诊至罗扬研究所的 567 名不孕妇女进行了评估。超声波是主要的检查手段，而金标准是对某些异常情况进行宫腔镜检查，对其他异常情况进行病理学检查。为纠正验证偏差，采用了传统方法、Begg and Greens 方法、Zhou 方法和逻辑回归方法。结果：在金标准宫腔镜检查中，传统方法、Begg and Greens 方法、Zhou 方法和逻辑回归方法得出的敏感性（SEN）和特异性（SPEC）分别为（50%，90.3%）、（48%，96%）、（22%，77%）、（50%，90%）和（72.8，77）。此外，计算得出的曲线下面积（AUC）指数和卡帕统计量分别为 70.2%和 43.6%。在病理金标准检验中，传统方法、Begg 和 Greens、Zhou 和物流回归的 SEN 和 SPEC 分别为（67.7%，86.7%）、（66%，88%）、（29%，70%）、（66.9%，87.6%）和（73%，83.9%）。此外，AUC 指数和 kappa 统计量分别为 77% 和 55%。结论在对不孕妇女子宫内膜异常的研究中，假设缺失数据机制是随机的，在使用 Begg 和 Greens 以及逻辑回归方法计算 SEN 和 SPEC 时，校正前后计算诊断检验的偏倚量非常低。但 Zhou 的方法得出的估计值偏差相当大。
{"title":"Verification Bias Correction in Endometrial Abnormalities in Infertile Women Referred to Royan Institute Using Statistical Methods","authors":"Fatemeh Niknejad, Firoozeh Ahmadi, Masoud Roudbari","doi":"10.47176/mjiri.37.122","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.47176/mjiri.37.122","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Verification bias is a common bias in the diagnostic accuracy of diagnostic tests and occurs when a number of individuals do not perform the gold standard test. In this study, we review the correcting methods of verification bias. Methods: In a cross-sectional study in 2020, 567 infertile women who were referred to Royan Research Institute were evaluated. The ultrasound is the performed test and the gold standard are hysteroscopy for some, and pathology for other abnormalities. For correcting verification bias conventional, Begg and Greens, Zhou, and logistic regression methods were used. Results: In the gold standard hysteroscopy test, the sensitivity (SEN) and specificity (SPEC) obtained in conventional, Begg and Greens, Zhou, and logistics Regression methods were (50%, 90.3%), (48%, 96%), (22%, 77%), (50%, 90%), and (72.8, 77) respectively. Furthermore, the area under the curve (AUC) index and kappa statistics were calculated as 70.2%, and 43.6% respectively. In the pathology gold standard test, the SEN and SPEC for the conventional methods, Begg and Greens, Zhou and logistics regression were (67.7%, 86.7%), (66%, 88%), (29%, 70%), (66.9%, 87.6%), and (73%, 83.9%) respectively. Also, the AUC index and kappa statistics were 77%, and 55% respectively. Conclusion: In the study on endometrial abnormalities in infertile women, assuming that the missing data mechanism is random, the amount of bias in calculating SEN and SPEC is very low in the diagnostic tests calculated before and after correction, using Begg and Greens and logistic regression method. But Zhou's method gives rather large biased estimates.","PeriodicalId":18361,"journal":{"name":"Medical Journal of the Islamic Republic of Iran","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-10-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139316238","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Background: Nurses’ and physicians’ collaboration is a precedent for patient care. This study examined attitude change and interprofessional collaboration competencies among medical and nursing students of Iran University of Medical Sciences. Methods: This study was quantitative cross-sectional. The study tools were two questionnaires, Attitudes Toward Interprofessional Education and IPEC Interprofessional Collaborative Competencies, which were completed by 211 medical and nursing students in online or in-person forms. The collected quantitative data were analyzed by SPSS 19 software. Results: The results showed that nurses and physicians constituted 35.5% and 64.5% of the sample. The results of the independent T-test displayed no statistically significant difference in the mean age of both groups ( P = 0.054). There was a statistically significant difference in the participants’ attitudes toward interprofessional learning, and the medical group (46.68) obtained a higher mean score than the nurse group (34.92) ( P = 0.001). The two groups with varying mean scores (179.34 for medical students and 131.72 for nursing students) were significantly different in their interpersonal collaboration competencies ( P = 0.001). Considering Mauchly’s test, there were statistically significant differences among medical students of varying academic years in their attitudes toward interprofessional education ( P < 0.001). Nursing students were also different in their attitudes toward interprofessional education based on their academic years. Conclusion: The results of this study showed that the attitude of nursing students towards interprofessional education and interpersonal collaboration competencies should be increased in line with medical students in order to improve the quality of medical and health services.
{"title":"The Trends of Attitude Change and Interprofessional Collaboration Competencies among Medical and Nursing Students of Iran University of Medical Sciences","authors":"Davood Rasouli, A. Norouzi, Ghobad Ramezani, Akram Hashemi, Leila Neisani Samani","doi":"10.47176/mjiri.37.124","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.47176/mjiri.37.124","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Nurses’ and physicians’ collaboration is a precedent for patient care. This study examined attitude change and interprofessional collaboration competencies among medical and nursing students of Iran University of Medical Sciences. Methods: This study was quantitative cross-sectional. The study tools were two questionnaires, Attitudes Toward Interprofessional Education and IPEC Interprofessional Collaborative Competencies, which were completed by 211 medical and nursing students in online or in-person forms. The collected quantitative data were analyzed by SPSS 19 software. Results: The results showed that nurses and physicians constituted 35.5% and 64.5% of the sample. The results of the independent T-test displayed no statistically significant difference in the mean age of both groups ( P = 0.054). There was a statistically significant difference in the participants’ attitudes toward interprofessional learning, and the medical group (46.68) obtained a higher mean score than the nurse group (34.92) ( P = 0.001). The two groups with varying mean scores (179.34 for medical students and 131.72 for nursing students) were significantly different in their interpersonal collaboration competencies ( P = 0.001). Considering Mauchly’s test, there were statistically significant differences among medical students of varying academic years in their attitudes toward interprofessional education ( P < 0.001). Nursing students were also different in their attitudes toward interprofessional education based on their academic years. Conclusion: The results of this study showed that the attitude of nursing students towards interprofessional education and interpersonal collaboration competencies should be increased in line with medical students in order to improve the quality of medical and health services.","PeriodicalId":18361,"journal":{"name":"Medical Journal of the Islamic Republic of Iran","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-10-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139316301","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Background: Parkinson's disease (PD) is known as the second most destructive central nervous system (CNS) disorder, which leads to movement slowness, tremors, decreased balance, instability, and CNS disorders in affected patients. This study aimed to investigate the effect of 12 weeks of Cawthorne-Cooksey exercises on the balance and the quality of life in patients with PD. Methods: This was a quasi-experimental study, and the research population consisted of PD patients in Zahedan City who were present at the Zahedan Elderly Center during May, June, and July 2022. Twenty-four individuals who were 53 to 69 years old volunteered to participate in this study and were assigned to the experimental (N = 12) and control (N = 12) groups. In addition to the usual treatment, the experimental group performed Cawthorne-Cooksey exercises (CCE) exercises for 12 weeks, while the control group only received the usual treatment during this period. The CCE exercises were performed for 60-minute sessions, three days a week, for twelve weeks. The Berg Balance Scale (BBS) was used to evaluate balance, and the Parkinson's Disease Quality of Life Questionnaire (PDQL 37) was used to assess the QOL of PD. The data were analyzed using Wilcoxon and Mann-Whitney U tests. Results: The Mann-Whitney U test results revealed that the experimental group exhibited significantly higher scores in all factors of QOL and balance during the post-test when compared to the control group ( P < 0.05). Moreover, the outcomes of the Wilcoxon test demonstrated significant improvements in all components of QOL and balance for the experimental group from pre-test to post-test ( P < 0.05), whereas the control group experienced a notable decline in both balance and QOL during the same period ( P < 0.05). Conclusion: The study demonstrates that CCE exercises positively influence the balance and quality of life of Parkinson's disease patients, suggesting their potential as complementary therapy in the treatment of PD.
{"title":"The Effect of 12 Weeks of Cawthorne-Cooksey Exercises on Balance and Quality of Life in Patients with Parkinson's Disease","authors":"M. Seyedahmadi, Javad Taherzadeh, Hadi Akbari","doi":"10.47176/mjiri.37.125","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.47176/mjiri.37.125","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Parkinson's disease (PD) is known as the second most destructive central nervous system (CNS) disorder, which leads to movement slowness, tremors, decreased balance, instability, and CNS disorders in affected patients. This study aimed to investigate the effect of 12 weeks of Cawthorne-Cooksey exercises on the balance and the quality of life in patients with PD. Methods: This was a quasi-experimental study, and the research population consisted of PD patients in Zahedan City who were present at the Zahedan Elderly Center during May, June, and July 2022. Twenty-four individuals who were 53 to 69 years old volunteered to participate in this study and were assigned to the experimental (N = 12) and control (N = 12) groups. In addition to the usual treatment, the experimental group performed Cawthorne-Cooksey exercises (CCE) exercises for 12 weeks, while the control group only received the usual treatment during this period. The CCE exercises were performed for 60-minute sessions, three days a week, for twelve weeks. The Berg Balance Scale (BBS) was used to evaluate balance, and the Parkinson's Disease Quality of Life Questionnaire (PDQL 37) was used to assess the QOL of PD. The data were analyzed using Wilcoxon and Mann-Whitney U tests. Results: The Mann-Whitney U test results revealed that the experimental group exhibited significantly higher scores in all factors of QOL and balance during the post-test when compared to the control group ( P < 0.05). Moreover, the outcomes of the Wilcoxon test demonstrated significant improvements in all components of QOL and balance for the experimental group from pre-test to post-test ( P < 0.05), whereas the control group experienced a notable decline in both balance and QOL during the same period ( P < 0.05). Conclusion: The study demonstrates that CCE exercises positively influence the balance and quality of life of Parkinson's disease patients, suggesting their potential as complementary therapy in the treatment of PD.","PeriodicalId":18361,"journal":{"name":"Medical Journal of the Islamic Republic of Iran","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-10-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139315914","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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