Due to the rapid national development of various countries, organic dyes have been applied in manufacturing products such as leather, textiles, paper, and cosmetics. However, the wastewater produced by these industries is harmful to the environment and organisms. Moreover, organic dyes contain toxic carcinogens and cause the reduction of the oxygen content in water, which is harmful to nature and the water resources people use. Photodegradation is a low-cost, highly efficient, and low-energy way to remove these substances. Zinc-based materials were applied as a degradation catalyst in this study. ZnO–ZnCr2O4/g-C3N4 nanocomposites were fabricated by the urea combustion method and used as photocatalysts for rhodamine B (RhB) degradation under ultraviolet A (UVA) light irradiation. ZnO–ZnCr2O4/g-C3N4 was investigated by XRD, FESEM, BET, UV-Vis, and TEM to confirm the crystalline microstructure. Based on the various annealing temperatures of ZnO–ZnCr2O4/g-C3N4 nanocomposite, the specific surface area varied from 36.33 m2/g to 107.55 m2/g. In addition, the photocatalytic activities of ZnO–ZnCr2O4/g-C3N4 nanocrystals were investigated through the degradation of RhB under UV light for 12 hours. After 12 hours, 95.45% of the RhB was degraded under UV light irradiation. ZnO–ZnCr2O4/g-C3N4 nanocomposites annealed at 500°C exhibited the highest rate constant, up to 6.11 × 10−3 min−1, and ZnO–ZnCr2O4/g-C3N4 revealed excellent stability based on the results of the cyclic test.
{"title":"Photodegradation under Ultraviolet Light Irradiation of RhB by ZnO–ZnCr<sub>2</sub>O<sub>4</sub>/g-C<sub>3</sub>N<sub>4</sub> Nanocomposites Fabricated by Urea Combustion Method","authors":"Chung-Lun Yu, Subramanian Sakthinathan, Chia-Cheng Lin, Yi-Hsuan Lee, Te-Wei Chiu","doi":"10.2320/matertrans.mt-mh2022009","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2320/matertrans.mt-mh2022009","url":null,"abstract":"Due to the rapid national development of various countries, organic dyes have been applied in manufacturing products such as leather, textiles, paper, and cosmetics. However, the wastewater produced by these industries is harmful to the environment and organisms. Moreover, organic dyes contain toxic carcinogens and cause the reduction of the oxygen content in water, which is harmful to nature and the water resources people use. Photodegradation is a low-cost, highly efficient, and low-energy way to remove these substances. Zinc-based materials were applied as a degradation catalyst in this study. ZnO–ZnCr2O4/g-C3N4 nanocomposites were fabricated by the urea combustion method and used as photocatalysts for rhodamine B (RhB) degradation under ultraviolet A (UVA) light irradiation. ZnO–ZnCr2O4/g-C3N4 was investigated by XRD, FESEM, BET, UV-Vis, and TEM to confirm the crystalline microstructure. Based on the various annealing temperatures of ZnO–ZnCr2O4/g-C3N4 nanocomposite, the specific surface area varied from 36.33 m2/g to 107.55 m2/g. In addition, the photocatalytic activities of ZnO–ZnCr2O4/g-C3N4 nanocrystals were investigated through the degradation of RhB under UV light for 12 hours. After 12 hours, 95.45% of the RhB was degraded under UV light irradiation. ZnO–ZnCr2O4/g-C3N4 nanocomposites annealed at 500°C exhibited the highest rate constant, up to 6.11 × 10−3 min−1, and ZnO–ZnCr2O4/g-C3N4 revealed excellent stability based on the results of the cyclic test.","PeriodicalId":18402,"journal":{"name":"Materials Transactions","volume":"17 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135323368","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-10-01DOI: 10.2320/matertrans.mt-m2023093
Ivan Lobzenko, Tomohito Tsuru, Hideki Mori, Daisuke Matsunaka, Yoshinori Shiihara
Atomic stress, utilized in molecular mechanics and molecular dynamics, is valuable in analyzing complex phenomena such as heat transfer, crack propagation and void growth. However, traditional modeling techniques designed for large-scale systems may lack the precision achievable through first-principles calculations. To overcome this limitation, we propose an approach based on artificial neural network (ANN) potentials to compute atomic stress. A crucial aspect of this method is the use of central force decomposition to derive the atomic stress tensor of the ANN potential, ensuring compliance with the balance between linear and angular momentum. By comparing atomic stress calculations for surface systems in Fe and Al using the ANN and embedded-atom (EAM) potentials, we demonstrate that the ANN potential accurately reproduces the stress oscillations near the surface layer predicted by first-principles calculations. This scheme allows us to evaluate atomic stress with nearly the same accuracy as first-principles calculations, even in large-scale models with complex geometries and defect structures.
{"title":"Implementation of Atomic Stress Calculations with Artificial Neural Network Potentials","authors":"Ivan Lobzenko, Tomohito Tsuru, Hideki Mori, Daisuke Matsunaka, Yoshinori Shiihara","doi":"10.2320/matertrans.mt-m2023093","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2320/matertrans.mt-m2023093","url":null,"abstract":"Atomic stress, utilized in molecular mechanics and molecular dynamics, is valuable in analyzing complex phenomena such as heat transfer, crack propagation and void growth. However, traditional modeling techniques designed for large-scale systems may lack the precision achievable through first-principles calculations. To overcome this limitation, we propose an approach based on artificial neural network (ANN) potentials to compute atomic stress. A crucial aspect of this method is the use of central force decomposition to derive the atomic stress tensor of the ANN potential, ensuring compliance with the balance between linear and angular momentum. By comparing atomic stress calculations for surface systems in Fe and Al using the ANN and embedded-atom (EAM) potentials, we demonstrate that the ANN potential accurately reproduces the stress oscillations near the surface layer predicted by first-principles calculations. This scheme allows us to evaluate atomic stress with nearly the same accuracy as first-principles calculations, even in large-scale models with complex geometries and defect structures.","PeriodicalId":18402,"journal":{"name":"Materials Transactions","volume":"21 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135323366","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Leakage flux in rotor core bridges is a problem specific to interior permanent-magnet (IPM) motors. It is widely known that the partial non-magnetization of bridges reduces the magnetic flux leakage. In a previous study, a process was proposed whereby a part of the silicon steel sheet that bridges after pressing was non-magnetized by melting and mixing Ni–Cr alloy powder with a silicon steel sheet using a laser, and the rotor core was produced by laminating them. However, because the final solidification part had solidification defects, such as cracks and shrinkage cavity, the process was proposed to leave a homogenous part free of solidification defects. Therefore, the area of the improved portion increased. We focused on developing a new alloy for non-magnetic improvement to suppress solidification defects. The improved portion was melted and mixed using a laser with various B contents to obtain a composition of Fe–(15–20) mass%Ni–(15–20) mass%Cr–(2–3) mass%Si–(0–1.6) mass%B. Large cracks and large shrinkage cavity were observed in the boron-free alloy. The cracks and shrinkage cavity decreased with an increase in the B content. The minimization of the area of non-magnetic improvement is possible by suppressing solidification defects. Consequently, the laser processing speed per piece and the amount of expensive nickel were reduced. These new alloys show promise for practical applications in the partial non-magnetization process.
{"title":"Suppression of Solidification Defects in Partial Non-Magnetization Improvement for Silicon Steel","authors":"Norihiko Hamada, Takashi Horikawa, Hironari Mitarai, Katsunari Oikawa, Satoshi Sugimoto","doi":"10.2320/matertrans.mt-maw2023001","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2320/matertrans.mt-maw2023001","url":null,"abstract":"Leakage flux in rotor core bridges is a problem specific to interior permanent-magnet (IPM) motors. It is widely known that the partial non-magnetization of bridges reduces the magnetic flux leakage. In a previous study, a process was proposed whereby a part of the silicon steel sheet that bridges after pressing was non-magnetized by melting and mixing Ni–Cr alloy powder with a silicon steel sheet using a laser, and the rotor core was produced by laminating them. However, because the final solidification part had solidification defects, such as cracks and shrinkage cavity, the process was proposed to leave a homogenous part free of solidification defects. Therefore, the area of the improved portion increased. We focused on developing a new alloy for non-magnetic improvement to suppress solidification defects. The improved portion was melted and mixed using a laser with various B contents to obtain a composition of Fe–(15–20) mass%Ni–(15–20) mass%Cr–(2–3) mass%Si–(0–1.6) mass%B. Large cracks and large shrinkage cavity were observed in the boron-free alloy. The cracks and shrinkage cavity decreased with an increase in the B content. The minimization of the area of non-magnetic improvement is possible by suppressing solidification defects. Consequently, the laser processing speed per piece and the amount of expensive nickel were reduced. These new alloys show promise for practical applications in the partial non-magnetization process.","PeriodicalId":18402,"journal":{"name":"Materials Transactions","volume":"146 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135323630","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-09-01DOI: 10.2320/matertrans.mt-m2023043
Yoichi Ikeda, Y. Umemoto, D. Matsumura, T. Tsuji, Yuki Hashimoto, T. Kitazawa, Masaki Fujita
{"title":"Local Atomic Displacements and Sign of the Structural Transformation in Medium-Entropy Alloys Observed in Extended X-ray Absorption Fine Structure Spectra","authors":"Yoichi Ikeda, Y. Umemoto, D. Matsumura, T. Tsuji, Yuki Hashimoto, T. Kitazawa, Masaki Fujita","doi":"10.2320/matertrans.mt-m2023043","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2320/matertrans.mt-m2023043","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":18402,"journal":{"name":"Materials Transactions","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.2,"publicationDate":"2023-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"46943208","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-09-01DOI: 10.2320/matertrans.mt-mg2022022
L. Cuong, N. D. Hieu, B. D. Tu, N. H. Tiep
{"title":"Multiferroic Property of 2D Hybrid Organic-Inorganic (C6H5C2H4NH3)2NiCl4 Perovskite Single Crystals","authors":"L. Cuong, N. D. Hieu, B. D. Tu, N. H. Tiep","doi":"10.2320/matertrans.mt-mg2022022","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2320/matertrans.mt-mg2022022","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":18402,"journal":{"name":"Materials Transactions","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.2,"publicationDate":"2023-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44652310","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-09-01DOI: 10.2320/matertrans.mt-mi2022008
Mijeong Park, Hee Yeon Jeon, Seungheon Han, Dong Hoon Lee, Young‐In Lee
{"title":"Enhancing the Hydrophilicity of Non-Woven Fabric Using Atmospheric Pressure Plasma Treatment Optimized by the Design of Experiments","authors":"Mijeong Park, Hee Yeon Jeon, Seungheon Han, Dong Hoon Lee, Young‐In Lee","doi":"10.2320/matertrans.mt-mi2022008","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2320/matertrans.mt-mi2022008","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":18402,"journal":{"name":"Materials Transactions","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.2,"publicationDate":"2023-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47602314","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-09-01DOI: 10.2320/matertrans.mt-p2023001
Y. Matsuki, Shunsuke Tobita, Kinya Nakagawa, T. Shinmiya, Y. Yamasaki, Y. Tamai
{"title":"Effect of Microstructural Transformation upon Edge Heat Treatment on Stretch Flangeability of Ultrahigh-Strength Steel with Sheared Edge","authors":"Y. Matsuki, Shunsuke Tobita, Kinya Nakagawa, T. Shinmiya, Y. Yamasaki, Y. Tamai","doi":"10.2320/matertrans.mt-p2023001","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2320/matertrans.mt-p2023001","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":18402,"journal":{"name":"Materials Transactions","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.2,"publicationDate":"2023-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"43846685","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-09-01DOI: 10.2320/matertrans.mpr2023906
Tomoyuki Yamamoto, M. Yoshiya, N. Hoang
{"title":"Preface","authors":"Tomoyuki Yamamoto, M. Yoshiya, N. Hoang","doi":"10.2320/matertrans.mpr2023906","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2320/matertrans.mpr2023906","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":18402,"journal":{"name":"Materials Transactions","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.2,"publicationDate":"2023-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"46781744","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-09-01DOI: 10.2320/matertrans.f-m2023806
Suphattra Sachana, K. Morishita, H. Miyahara
{"title":"Microstructures and Oxide Scale of Melted Mark on Copper Wire Solidified under Various Cooling Conditions and Subsequent Heat Exposure","authors":"Suphattra Sachana, K. Morishita, H. Miyahara","doi":"10.2320/matertrans.f-m2023806","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2320/matertrans.f-m2023806","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":18402,"journal":{"name":"Materials Transactions","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.2,"publicationDate":"2023-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47725952","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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