The leaves of the cherry plant (Muntingia calabura L.) contain vitamin C and phenolic compounds. High phenolic compounds have the potential to have antioxidants. Efforts to increase antioxidant activity can be carried out by fermentation using SCOBY. The purpose of this study was to determine the effect of cherry leaf concentration and fermentation time on the chemical and organoleptic quality of cherry leaf kombucha tea, and to determine the best treatment for cherry leaf kombucha tea. This study used a completely randomized design (CRD) which was arranged in a factorial manner with 2 factors. The first factor is the fermentation time with 3 levels (4 days, 8 days, 12 days). The second factor is the concentration of cherry leaves with 3 levels (1%, 2%, 3%). Each treatment combination was repeated 3 times. The chemical analysis of cherry leaf kombucha that will be tested is the total phenol content using the Folin Ciocalteau reagent with the spectrophotometric method, antioxidant activity with the DPPH method, and vitamin C with the iodine titration method. Analysis of organoleptic quality was carried out by testing the level of preference / hedonic test which included color, aroma, and taste. Determination of the best treatment is done by using the effectiveness test. K3L2 treatment with 3% cherry leaf concentration and 8 days of fermentation gave the best treatment results, namely 0.71, which means that this treatment is the best treatment with parameter criteria including antioxidant 109.77 ppm, phenol 9.42 mg GAE/g, vitamin C 22.92 ppm, taste 3.85 (neutral), scent 3.00 (rather dislike), and color 5.00 (rather like)
{"title":"Chemical and Organoleptic Quality of Kombucha Tea at Different Fermentation Time and Concentration of Cherry Leaves (Muntingia calabura L.)","authors":"Josephine C.P.K., Fadjar Kurnia Hartati, Bambang Sigit","doi":"10.58905/demeter.v1i1.102","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.58905/demeter.v1i1.102","url":null,"abstract":"The leaves of the cherry plant (Muntingia calabura L.) contain vitamin C and phenolic compounds. High phenolic compounds have the potential to have antioxidants. Efforts to increase antioxidant activity can be carried out by fermentation using SCOBY. The purpose of this study was to determine the effect of cherry leaf concentration and fermentation time on the chemical and organoleptic quality of cherry leaf kombucha tea, and to determine the best treatment for cherry leaf kombucha tea. This study used a completely randomized design (CRD) which was arranged in a factorial manner with 2 factors. The first factor is the fermentation time with 3 levels (4 days, 8 days, 12 days). The second factor is the concentration of cherry leaves with 3 levels (1%, 2%, 3%). Each treatment combination was repeated 3 times. The chemical analysis of cherry leaf kombucha that will be tested is the total phenol content using the Folin Ciocalteau reagent with the spectrophotometric method, antioxidant activity with the DPPH method, and vitamin C with the iodine titration method. Analysis of organoleptic quality was carried out by testing the level of preference / hedonic test which included color, aroma, and taste. Determination of the best treatment is done by using the effectiveness test. K3L2 treatment with 3% cherry leaf concentration and 8 days of fermentation gave the best treatment results, namely 0.71, which means that this treatment is the best treatment with parameter criteria including antioxidant 109.77 ppm, phenol 9.42 mg GAE/g, vitamin C 22.92 ppm, taste 3.85 (neutral), scent 3.00 (rather dislike), and color 5.00 (rather like)","PeriodicalId":184236,"journal":{"name":"Demeter: Journal of Farming and Agriculture","volume":"183 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-05-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"121056495","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-05-12DOI: 10.58905/demeter.v1i1.91
S Sumaryam, Muhammad Tajuddin Noor, Didik Budiyanto, Gilang Rusrita Aida, Moh. Zainal Arifin
As one of the ten leading aquaculture commodities in Indonesia. The high demand for milkfish (Chanos chanos Forsskal) certainly requires a new alternative to fulfill feed ingredients in milkfish cultivation. Currently, the fish meal comes from imports and is quite expensive, despite being the main source of protein for farmed fish. Therefore, an alternative to the fish meal is needed to reduce production costs. One of them is maggot meal which has high availability and high protein. This study aims to examine maggot meal as fish meal substitutes effects on milkfish’s (Chanos chanos Forsskal) growth and survival. This study utilized the experimental method, using a Completely Randomized Design (CRD), and analyzed with ANOVA. The difference in treatment lies in the difference in the percentage of fish and maggot meal as the substitutes, divided into five treatments of 0%, 25%, 50%, 75%, and 100%. The parameters being observed include absolute weight gain, survival rate, and specific weight growth rate. The results illustrate highest average absolute weight growth was recorded in 0% maggot meal substitution, and the highest daily specific weight growth rate was in the treatment of substitution with 0% maggot meal. The greatest survival rate, there is a substitution of 25% maggot meal. ANOVA results illustrated no significant effect (P<0.05) on the growth of total weight, the growth rate of specific weight, and the milkfish (Chanos chanos Forsskal) survival rate from the maggot meal substitutes
{"title":"The Effect of Maggot Meal as Fish Meal Substitute on Milkfish (Chanos chanos Forsskal) Growth and Survival Rate","authors":"S Sumaryam, Muhammad Tajuddin Noor, Didik Budiyanto, Gilang Rusrita Aida, Moh. Zainal Arifin","doi":"10.58905/demeter.v1i1.91","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.58905/demeter.v1i1.91","url":null,"abstract":"As one of the ten leading aquaculture commodities in Indonesia. The high demand for milkfish (Chanos chanos Forsskal) certainly requires a new alternative to fulfill feed ingredients in milkfish cultivation. Currently, the fish meal comes from imports and is quite expensive, despite being the main source of protein for farmed fish. Therefore, an alternative to the fish meal is needed to reduce production costs. One of them is maggot meal which has high availability and high protein. This study aims to examine maggot meal as fish meal substitutes effects on milkfish’s (Chanos chanos Forsskal) growth and survival. This study utilized the experimental method, using a Completely Randomized Design (CRD), and analyzed with ANOVA. The difference in treatment lies in the difference in the percentage of fish and maggot meal as the substitutes, divided into five treatments of 0%, 25%, 50%, 75%, and 100%. The parameters being observed include absolute weight gain, survival rate, and specific weight growth rate. The results illustrate highest average absolute weight growth was recorded in 0% maggot meal substitution, and the highest daily specific weight growth rate was in the treatment of substitution with 0% maggot meal. The greatest survival rate, there is a substitution of 25% maggot meal. ANOVA results illustrated no significant effect (P<0.05) on the growth of total weight, the growth rate of specific weight, and the milkfish (Chanos chanos Forsskal) survival rate from the maggot meal substitutes","PeriodicalId":184236,"journal":{"name":"Demeter: Journal of Farming and Agriculture","volume":"16 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-05-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"114922869","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-05-03DOI: 10.58905/demeter.v1i1.80
Uce Lestari, Faizar Farid
Greasy hair becomes a major problem to the health of the hair, one of which is dandruff. This is because greasy hair can facilitate the adhesion of dirt. Active charcoal of palm oil shell is activated charcoal having a pore diameter in the range of 1.76 to 1.84 nm and it has been proven that it has absorption ability 2 times higher than commercial activated carbon to absorb the oil in hair. Based on this, active charcoal derived from palm oil shells is processed into cosmetic products. One of the cosmetic products that can be used to overcome hair health problems is shampoo. Shampoo formulations with a variety of concentrations of activated charcoal with palm shell with concentrations of 4% (FI), 8% (FII), 12% (FIII). Then the evaluation of shampoo's physical properties such as organoleptic, pH, homogeneity, viscosity, foam height, specific gravity, foam stability test and cycling test were carried out. In vitro test the effectiveness of the excess oil absorber by using a turbidimetric device. The comparison control used was Pantene shampoo as a positive control and the basis of the shampoo as a negative control. Showed that the higher the concentration of activated charcoal from the coconut shell, the better the ability to absorb excess oil with the largest NTU FIII value of 11,800. The formula that has good physical properties and is stable in storage and has good oil absorption ability is FIII
{"title":"Utilization of Waste Palm Shells to a Shampoo that Absorbs Dirt on Hair and Evaluated the Physical Properties of The Best Shampoo","authors":"Uce Lestari, Faizar Farid","doi":"10.58905/demeter.v1i1.80","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.58905/demeter.v1i1.80","url":null,"abstract":"Greasy hair becomes a major problem to the health of the hair, one of which is dandruff. This is because greasy hair can facilitate the adhesion of dirt. Active charcoal of palm oil shell is activated charcoal having a pore diameter in the range of 1.76 to 1.84 nm and it has been proven that it has absorption ability 2 times higher than commercial activated carbon to absorb the oil in hair. Based on this, active charcoal derived from palm oil shells is processed into cosmetic products. One of the cosmetic products that can be used to overcome hair health problems is shampoo. Shampoo formulations with a variety of concentrations of activated charcoal with palm shell with concentrations of 4% (FI), 8% (FII), 12% (FIII). Then the evaluation of shampoo's physical properties such as organoleptic, pH, homogeneity, viscosity, foam height, specific gravity, foam stability test and cycling test were carried out. In vitro test the effectiveness of the excess oil absorber by using a turbidimetric device. The comparison control used was Pantene shampoo as a positive control and the basis of the shampoo as a negative control. Showed that the higher the concentration of activated charcoal from the coconut shell, the better the ability to absorb excess oil with the largest NTU FIII value of 11,800. The formula that has good physical properties and is stable in storage and has good oil absorption ability is FIII","PeriodicalId":184236,"journal":{"name":"Demeter: Journal of Farming and Agriculture","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-05-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"128327370","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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